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Chondrolipoma is one of the less common variants of lipoma, showing mature hyaline cartilage in the underlying adipose tissue. We describe herein a rare case of chondrolipoma arising on the floor of the mouth. A 66-year-old woman was referred for close examination of a lingual mass on the anterior floor of the mouth. Intraoral examination revealed a spherical, well-defined, relatively soft mass, 2.0 cm in diameter, without adhesions to alveolar bone in the anterior floor of the mouth. The tumor was resected, and histopathologic examination diagnosed chondrolipoma. The postoperative course was uneventful and no recurrence within 1 year after surgery. Lipomas are also occasionally found on the floor of the mouth, where the chondrolipoma subtype can arise.

Purpose:Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) caused by bisphosphonates (BPs) and denosumab (Dmab) is still a major oral adverse event caused by cancer treatment and may be under-recognized by private dental services. With the aim of reducing the prevalence of MRONJ, this study, which is a pilot study for a planned future large-scale survey, compared knowledge about MRONJ between dental hygienists (DHs) in private dental clinics and those in cancer center hospitals. Methods:We conducted a questionnaire-based survey regarding MRONJ between 1 November 2023 and 31 January 2024 on DHs at a cancer base hospital and a private clinic in Saitama, Japan. We statistically analyzed the data collected using the χ2test or Fisher’s exact test with the level of significance set at 5%. Results:This study included 10 in-hospital and 53 private clinic DHs. The in-hospital DHs had appropriate knowledge of MRONJ. However, compared with the in-hospital DHs, although the private clinic DHs knew that BPs are used for osteoporosis, significantly fewer had knowledge of Dmab (p< .001) or knew that BPs and Dmab could also be used to treat cancer (both p< .001). In addition, few private clinic DHs were aware of MRONJ cases refractory to antibiotic treatment alone (p= .012). Conclusion:These findings suggest that private clinic DHs have less knowledge of MRONJ than those in cancer base hospitals.

Most Internet of Things (IoT) devices are powered by electrical grids. Therefore, the supply of power to these devices is interrupted by critical grid failures, which can occur during natural disasters. To support the development of IoT devices that can operate during disasters, the most commonly used energy systems were evaluated. In this study, lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells were compared to evaluate and compare their operation time, output power, and general technical specifications. The operating time of the fuel cell 10W was 57 min because of the failure, which was shorter than the other systems. Moreover, an IoT device using Raspberry Pi was evaluated to determine the optimal energy system. Currently, batteries are more cost-effective, however as the cost of fuel cells comes down, the higher power density will be valuable.

The present study aimed to identify the characteristics of dysgeusia caused by cancer chemotherapy.

This paper presents an evaluation of double-rate Tomlinson-Harashima precoding in multi-valued PAM-N data transmission. In order to eliminate an intersymbol interference of interconnections in VLS system, Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) is very useful for limiting the peak and average power of the transmitter. To expand the eye-opening at a receiver in multi-valued data transmission, we proposed a new equalization technique by using double-rate THP. In this paper, to evaluate the performance of the double-rate THP, we show the simulation results of the double-rate THP in various PAM-N data transmission on a micro-strip line.

Lymphoepithelial cyst of the oral cavity is a rare cyst, and histopathologically is generally lined by parakeratinized stratified epithelium, showing lymphoid tissue in the submucosal connective tissue. We report herein a case of lymphoepithelial cyst on the lateral border of the tongue. The patient was a 73-year-old woman. Intraoral examination revealed an asymptomatic, yellowish-white mass on the left border of the tongue. The mass was excised under local anesthesia and the histopathological diagnosis was lymphoepithelial cyst. We present a rare case of lymphoepithelial cyst on the lateral border of the tongue with a brief discussion of the differential diagnoses.

Purpose:Clasp-penetrating oral injury caused by removable partial dentures is basically a minor injury but can also cause complications such as continuous bleeding. No systematic investigations of clasp injury have been undertaken. The aims of this study were to reveal the characteristics of clasp injury and estimate variables associated with clasp injury of the oral mucosa. Methods:This retrospective study used clasp injury as the outcome variable, with primary predictor variables of demographic characteristics, medical history, local characteristics, and denture design, including the site of the affected clasp. Denture type was examined according to the classification of Kennedy. Collected data were statistically analyzed using the χ2test or Fisher’s exact test and the level of significance adopted was 5%. Results:This report consists of 73 cases (36 men and 37 women), of which 31 cases had precise denture information. Among them, clasp injuries were more common with Class I (51.6%) and Class II (32.3%) dentures (p< .001). Premolar (64.5%) and canine clasps (32.3%) were significantly more frequently involved (p< .001). Conclusion:Clasp injury of the oral mucosa was significantly more common on the tongue, and mandibular free-end saddle dentures with premolar or canine clasps were the most notable risk factor for clasp-penetrating injury of the oral mucosa.

Introduction:Various diseases cause pigmentation of the oral mucosa. Among them, however, Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is not well known to dentists. Laugier-Hunziker syndrome is a benign pigmentary disorder characterized by the unique expression of pigmentation of the mucosa, nails and skin. In this report, we present a rare case of Laugier-Hunziker syndrome that occurred in an elderly person. Case Presentation:The patient was an 84-year-old female resident of an elderly care facility. The institutional dental hygienist reported that she was concerned about the discoloration of the oral mucosa. On examination, she had pigmentation of her oral mucosa and nails. She had no history of any disease or medication that would cause pigmentation. Although this condition was initially unknown to us, a diagnosis of Laugier-Hunziker syndrome was made. Conclusion:We report a case of Laugier-Hunziker syndrome in an elderly woman, which is not a well-known condition among dental professionals. More knowledge about diseases that cause pigmentation of the oral mucosa would be helpful in dental practice, especially at external facilities.

The data rate of VLSI interconnections has been increasing following the demand for the high-speed operation of semiconductors, such as in CPUs. At high-speed data rates, achieving accurate communication without bit errors is difficult because of intersymbol interference (ISI). This paper presents high-speed data communication techniques for VLSI systems using Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP). Because THP can eliminate ISI by limiting the average and peak power of the transmitter signal, it is suitable for implementing advanced low-voltage VLSI systems. In this study, a 4-PAM (Pulse amplitude modulation) signal with THP was employed to achieve high-speed data communication in VLSI systems. Simulation and measurement results show that THP can remove the ISI without increasing the peak and average power of a transmitter signal. Furthermore, we clarify that multiple-valued signaling using THP is effective in reducing implementation costs to realize high-speed serial links.

Maxillary central incisors are most commonly luxated during oral and maxillofacial trauma in children. In this paper, we describe a rare case of intrusion of both maxillary permanent central incisors in a 10-year-old boy who was involved in a traffic accident, resulting in upward displacement of the labial alveolar cortical bone and a deformed nostril. The information obtained from the plain CT images was not adequate, and 3D-CT images were very useful for precise diagnosis. In this patient with mixed dentition, a vacuum-formed splint proved to be effective for the fixation of the luxated teeth.

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a neurocutaneous disorder characterized by vascular malformations involving the brain, skin and occasionally the eyes. Dental and oral surgery for patients with SWS can be complicated by bleeding from angiomatoses. Here we describe extraction of a semi-impacted right maxillary wisdom tooth from a 24-year-old woman who had been diagnosed at birth with SWS with mental retardation, ocular disease and vascular malformations (Type 1). She presented with a port-wine stain on the right side of the face. Oral examination showed that the angiomatous tissue extended to the oral mucosa on the right side, but the palatal gingiva appeared intact. Referring to three-dimensional computed tomography, the tooth was extracted without complications under local anesthesia and intravenous conscious sedation using midazolam and nitrous oxide. The post-extraction course was uneventful.

Studies of cancer treatment for centenarians (those who reach 100 years old) have been relatively rare. We present a case of hard palate squamous cell carcinoma in a 106-year-old woman treated using customized mold high-dose-rate brachytherapy, with 4 years of follow-up.

High-speed interfaces become an important role to achieve high performance VLSIsystems. This paper demonstrates a high-speed data transmission technique using Tomlinson-Harashima Precoding (THP). The THP can compensate for low-pass effect of an interconnec-tion at a transmitter, and it can also limit peak and average power of a transmitted signal. Inthis paper, a 200Mbps 4-PAM(Pulse-amplitude modulation) transmitter is designed and simu-lated to demonstrate the THP performance. The experimental implementation using an FPGAdemonstrates high-speed transmission over a long 3D2V coaxial cable.

Sclerotherapy with OK-432 injection has been recommended as the treatment of choice for plunging ranula because of its safety and minimal complications. However, the recurrence rate after sclerotherapy with OK-432 is variable and has been reported as 0–50%, and some reports have preferred surgical treatment despite the greater risk of potential complications. This article presents three cases of plunging ranula treated with ultrasound-guided injection of OK-432, resulting in successful regressions without major complications or recurrences. Ultrasound-guided intervention might increase the success ratio for sclerotherapy, despite the low number of patients for which it was effective in this study.

Dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) represents a group of relatively rare disorders characterized by the systemic extracellular deposition of insoluble fibrils of amyloid protein in long-term dialysis patients. We describe herein a case of relatively early DRA on the tongue of a long-term dialysis patient. A 67-year-old man with a 39-year history of dialysis was referred for diagnosis of a tongue mass. On examination, a collection of whitish-yellow papules was identified on the ventral surface of the tongue tip. The pathological diagnosis was DRA. Clinicians should be aware that long-term dialysis can cause oral amyloidosis of the tongue.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) refers to a common, acquired, benign, and vascular tumor that arises in tissues such as the skin and mucous membranes. However, it is extremely rare for PG to arise from an empty socket after tooth extraction. Herein, we describe a rare case of PG that arose from the empty extraction socket of the second molar adjacent to a dentigerous cyst of the left mandibular wisdom tooth in a 57-year-old man. The patient’s second molar was extracted during the same procedure in which the wisdom tooth and cyst were removed. Subsequently, at 42 days after surgery, an exophytic mass was found in the socket of the second molar. An excisional biopsy was performed, and the histopathological diagnosis was PG. Since the PG recurred 90 days after the surgery, a complete excision with bone curettage was performed. During the 12 months of follow-up, there has been no recurrence observed. In conclusion, as tooth extraction is a routine dental practice, clinicians should be aware that PGs can also develop from an extraction socket.

Acute tongue swelling may be caused by various conditions, including circulation obstruction, infection, hemorrhage, and angioneurotic edema. We present a case of extremely massive swelling of the tongue in a comatose 76-year-old woman caused by systemic edema and local congestion induced by tongue biting that severely impeded the lingual veins. The swelling was improved by setting ratchet mouth props.

Objective. An angiogenesis inhibitor can cause medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). To our knowledge, there has been no report that an angiogenesis inhibitor causes delayed healing of tooth extraction socket. Here, we describe a case of delayed healing of tooth extraction sockets associated with an angiogenesis inhibitor, ramucirumab, which showed characteristics similar to MRONJ. Materials and Methods. A 76-year-old male patient, who was diagnosed with gastric cancer with liver metastasis, received tooth extraction twice during continuous chemotherapy comprising paclitaxel and ramucirumab. Results. The first extraction was performed 30 days after ramucirumab discontinuation without complication. The second extraction was conducted without ramucirumab discontinuation. Although tooth socket healing was finally achieved, it took about 150 days. Discussion. This case was considered to be delayed healing of dry sockets rather than MRONJ due to ramucirumab. Dentists and oral surgeons need to be aware that angiogenesis inhibitors can cause not only MRONJ but also dry sockets after tooth extraction.

In recent years, electric toothbrushes have become widespread. However, injuries caused by electric toothbrushes have rarely been reported. We describe three cases of oral penetrating injuries caused by electric toothbrushes. Case 1 occurred in a disabled boy while brushing due to unexpected movement. In Case 2, a mother using an electric toothbrush had fallen when bumped by her child. Case 3 involved a man using the toothbrush while taking a bath, who slipped in the bathtub. Cases 1 and 3 were using sonic toothbrushes, and Case 2 was using an oscillating-rotating toothbrush. Electric toothbrushes can cause oral penetrating injuries and infections in the same manner as manual toothbrushes. Prevention of oral trauma requires familiarity with the form and function of electric toothbrushes. Some room for improvement remains in optimizing the form of electric toothbrushes.