28 results on '"Jelinek, Lena"'
Search Results
2. Aggressiveness in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder as assessed by the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure.
- Author
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Michnevich, Twyla, Schmidt, Alexander F., Scheunemann, Jakob, Moritz, Steffen, Miegel, Franziska, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Psychodynamic and cognitive theories postulate a prominent role of aggressiveness in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Explicit assessment of aggressiveness in OCD has yielded diverging results. The present study aimed to investigate aggressiveness in OCD using the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP). Patients with OCD (n = 59) were compared to non-clinical controls (NCs; n = 31) on an IRAP using self-referential statements and the explicit State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-II (STAXI-II). During the computer-based IRAP, participants were required to respond as quickly and accurately ("correct" or "incorrect") to the relation of two presented stimuli (e.g., "I am" + "aggressive"). D IRAP -Scores for the I am aggressive trial type were significantly higher in NCs compared to the OCD sample (d = 0.73). Patients with OCD scored significantly higher on the Trait Anger scales and the Anger Expression-Out scale of the STAXI-II. The I am aggressive D IRAP -Score correlated with the overall Trait Anger scale (r = −.33, p =.001) and with the Anger Expression-In scale (r = −0.31, p =.003). Patients with OCD were more ambivalent about their own aggressiveness than NCs. These findings were in line with patients' explicit aggressiveness. • Aggressiveness can be assessed using the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure. • Patients with OCD appear more ambivalent about their aggressiveness than controls. • Patients with checking compulsions are not especially affected by aggressiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Exposure therapy in patients with harm-related obsessive-compulsive disorder: The theory-practice gap and its relation to experiential avoidance and negative beliefs about exposure.
- Author
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Jelinek, Lena, Balzar, Alicia, Moritz, Steffen, Liebherz, Sarah, and Yassari, Amir H.
- Abstract
Despite its efficacy and effectiveness, exposure with response prevention (ERP) is underused in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). As this underuse of ERP may apply particularly to harm-related OCD, we investigated the theory-practice gap as well as negative beliefs and experiential avoidance as potential reasons for the underutilization of ERP with this group in a sample of trainee and qualified therapists. We assessed 339 therapists' general knowledge about ERP using a harm-related OCD case example and their utilization of ERP in clinical practice for harm-related OCD. Of the total sample, 74% of the therapists (n = 251) were CBT-oriented and 61% (n = 209) were in training. We assessed negative beliefs and experiential avoidance using the Therapist Beliefs about Exposure Scale (TBES) and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II). While 74% of the therapist recommended ERP for the case example, only 43% admitted to using ERP for harm-related OCD in their clinical practice. ERP affinity of therapists in theory and practice was related to fewer negative beliefs about ERP, with large effect size (η p
2 = 0.367 [CI 95% 0.285 − 0.433]) and lower experiential avoidance with small effect size (η p2 = 0.024 [CI 95% 0.001 − 0.059]) in the total sample. We found evidence of a theory-practice gap in the treatment of harm-related OCD in a sample of trainee and qualified therapists. To ensure that patients with harm-related OCD content receive the evidence-based treatment they need, negative beliefs about ERP may represent a potential target. • Evidence for a theory-practice gap in the treatment of harm-related OCD. • 16%–36% of therapists would not treat patients with harm-related OCD. • Negative beliefs about exposure were related to the degree of ERP affinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Aggressiveness in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder as assessed by the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure
- Author
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Michnevich, Twyla, Schmidt, Alexander F., Scheunemann, Jakob, Moritz, Steffen, Miegel, Franziska, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Psychodynamic and cognitive theories postulate a prominent role of aggressiveness in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Explicit assessment of aggressiveness in OCD has yielded diverging results. The present study aimed to investigate aggressiveness in OCD using the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP).
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Exposure therapy in patients with harm-related obsessive-compulsive disorder: The theory-practice gap and its relation to experiential avoidance and negative beliefs about exposure
- Author
-
Jelinek, Lena, Balzar, Alicia, Moritz, Steffen, Liebherz, Sarah, and Yassari, Amir H.
- Abstract
Despite its efficacy and effectiveness, exposure with response prevention (ERP) is underused in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). As this underuse of ERP may apply particularly to harm-related OCD, we investigated the theory-practice gap as well as negative beliefs and experiential avoidance as potential reasons for the underutilization of ERP with this group in a sample of trainee and qualified therapists.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. New wine in an old bottle? Evaluation of myMCT as an integrative bibliotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder.
- Author
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Moritz, Steffen, Hauschildt, Marit, Murray, Sarah Catherine, Pedersen, Anya, Krausz, Michael, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Objective Many individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) do not receive proper treatment due to limited access to or active avoidance of the psychological/medical healthcare system. Self-help may alleviate some of the burden inflicted by OCD. However, the efficacy of most self-help interventions has not been tested. Research is increasingly concerned with often sophisticated Internet self-help interventions, but bibliotherapy using eBooks may reach individuals at a larger scale. The present study examined the efficacy of the myMCT (short for “my metacognitive training”), an integrative transtherapeutic self-help manual for OCD. A secondary aim was to identify factors moderating treatment response. Method A total of 70 individuals with self-reported OCD were assessed at baseline and subsequently randomized to either myMCT or a wait-list control condition. Six weeks later, post-assessment was carried out. Scores on the self-rating version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) served as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included scores on OCD symptom dimensions (Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised; OCI-R), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression; PHQ-9), and a cognitive biases questionnaire. Results The retention rate was 80% (treatment group: 74%, control group: 86%). Participants who received myMCT showed a significant decline in both obsessive and compulsive symptoms on the Y-BOCS at a large effect size relative to wait-list controls. Moreover, the myMCT intervention group showed larger decreases on the OCI-R, PHQ-9, and the cognitive biases questionnaire. Poor insight predicted a worse outcome in the treatment group. Conclusions MyMCT led to symptom improvement in individuals with OCD for both the primary and secondary outcomes at a medium to large effect size. Still, many still displayed substantial symptom severity post intervention. In a next step, it remains to be determined. whether culturally adapted translations are feasible and efficacious in nonindustrialized countries where evidence-based treatments are rarely available and self-help often represents the only treatment option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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7. Does impairment in neuropsychological tests equal neuropsychological impairment in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)? Momentary influences, testing attitude, and motivation are related to neuropsychological performance in OCD.
- Author
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Moritz, Steffen, Hauschildt, Marit, Saathoff, Kathrin, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Meta-analyses conclude that individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share neurocognitive deficits. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of attitude towards neuropsychological assessment, symptoms during assessment, and performance motivation on test results in OCD. Thirty OCD and 30 nonclinical individuals were assessed with a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. Before and after testing, participants completed the newly developed Momentary Influences, Attitudes and Motivation Impact on Cognitive Performance Scale (MIAMI). The experimenter rated the patients’ momentary influences, attitude, motivation, and OC behavior during testing. Patients with OCD performed worse than controls on five out of ten outcome measures. Patients were more fearful about the test outcome and complained about more negative influences during testing than controls did. The MIAMI total score mediated the relationship between group and speed. When the MIAMI score was entered as a covariate, group differences for speed were nonsignificant. No group differences emerged between patients high on motivation and those with few negative momentary influences (as assessed by the experimenter) compared to controls. OCD patients and controls differ greatly with regard to attitude towards testing and momentary influences, which likely represents a substantial source of secondary malperformance in patients. Consequently, we call for greater caution when interpreting group differences in neuropsychological studies on OCD. Contextual and motivational variables need to be controlled for. It is also necessary to avoid general and potentially stigmatizing inferences if group differences are due to malperformance in only a subgroup of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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8. A Pilot Study of Metacognitive Training (D-MCT) for Older Adults with Depression
- Author
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C. Schneider, Brooke, Bücker, Lara, Riker, Sarah, Karamatskos, Evangelos, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Abstract.Depression remains one of the most common psychological disorders among older adults. Their response to antidepressants: however, is often unsatisfactory, and despite the proven efficacy of psychotherapies, a large treatment gap remains. Metacognitive Training for Depression (D-MCT) is a low-threshold group intervention. This article examines the feasibility, acceptance, and effects of D-MCT as an add-on intervention among a group of older adults (55+ years; N= 116). Participants completed measures of depression and dysfunctional attitudes, and provided subjective appraisals of the training. Per protocol analyses (n= 55) revealed a significant decrease in depressive symptoms (d= 1.06) and cognitive biases (d= 0.33). The findings demonstrate the feasibility and acceptance of D-MCT among older adults with depression.
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- 2018
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9. Patients’ Perspectives on Treatment with Metacognitive Training for OCD
- Author
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Jelinek, Lena, Zielke, Lotta, Hottenrott, Birgit, Miegel, Franziska, Cludius, Barbara, Sure, Anna, and Demiralay, Cüneyt
- Abstract
Abstract.There is much room for improvement in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The current study introduces a newly developed version of Metacognitive Training for OCD (MCT-OCD), inspired by the self-help intervention myMCT as well as by MCT group programs for other disorders. The current study examines the acceptability of the training. Forty-four patients with OCD received four sessions of MCT-OCD in addition to inpatient treatment. At post assessment, patients provided a subjective appraisal of the training. Analyses revealed high acceptability and added value of the MCT-OCD. The current, preliminary version of the MCT-OCD is promising in terms of patient acceptance. Results will be used to improve current shortcomings of the training and to develop a more comprehensive MCT-OCD.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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10. New wine in an old bottle? Evaluation of myMCT as an integrative bibliotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Author
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Moritz, Steffen, Hauschildt, Marit, Murray, Sarah Catherine, Pedersen, Anya, Krausz, Michael, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Many individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) do not receive proper treatment due to limited access to or active avoidance of the psychological/medical healthcare system. Self-help may alleviate some of the burden inflicted by OCD. However, the efficacy of most self-help interventions has not been tested. Research is increasingly concerned with often sophisticated Internet self-help interventions, but bibliotherapy using eBooks may reach individuals at a larger scale. The present study examined the efficacy of the myMCT (short for “my metacognitive training”), an integrative transtherapeutic self-help manual for OCD. A secondary aim was to identify factors moderating treatment response.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Does impairment in neuropsychological tests equal neuropsychological impairment in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)? Momentary influences, testing attitude, and motivation are related to neuropsychological performance in OCD
- Author
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Moritz, Steffen, Hauschildt, Marit, Saathoff, Kathrin, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Meta-analyses conclude that individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share neurocognitive deficits. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of attitude towards neuropsychological assessment, symptoms during assessment, and performance motivation on test results in OCD.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Subjective well-being, but not subjective mental functioning shows positive associations with neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.
- Author
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Schroeder, Katrin, Huber, Christian G., Jelinek, Lena, and Moritz, Steffen
- Abstract
Objective: To assess the association of subjective quality of life as measured by the Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptic Treatment questionnaire (SWN-K) with neuropsychological functioning; to address interactions with the SWN-K domain mental functioning as a measure of subjective cognitive dysfunction; and to examine the interaction of subjective well-being and psychopathology ratings. Methods: Forty-five patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) were assessed regarding subjective well-being (SWN-K), neuropsychological impairment, and psychopathology (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; BPRS). Results: After controlling for multiple comparisons, SWN-K total score showed significant positive correlations with concentration/attention (r = .498), working memory (r = .537), verbal memory (r = .522), and global cognition (r = .459). No correlations of SWN mental functioning and neuropsychological impairment remained significant after Bonferroni correction. Correlations between SWN-K subscales and neuropsychological functioning were generally positive, indicating higher subjective well-being in patients with better neurocognition. In multivariate analyses, global cognition was a significant predictor (p = .011), accounting for 19.7% of SWN total score variance. Adding BPRS total score as predictor (p = .054) explained an additional 6.9% of SWN-K variance. Linear regression analyses with SWN-K mental functioning as dependent variable did not yield statistically significant models. Conclusion: Subjective well-being and objective neuropsychological functioning show only moderate associations and can be seen as largely independent parameters. In particular, subjective mental functioning cannot serve as a proxy for objective neuropsychological testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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13. Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie und mehr!
- Author
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Jelinek, Lena and Moritz, Steffen
- Abstract
Mit mehr als 30 Millionen Betroffenen in Europa und einer Jahresprävalenz von circa 7 % gehören unipolare Depressionen zu den häufigsten psychischen Erkrankungen [1]. Folgen und Beeinträchtigungen einer Depression können gravierend sein, aufgrund der erhöhten Suizidrate ist Depression sogar als potenziell lebensbedrohliche Störung einzustufen. Weitaus häufiger können Betroffene sich nur unzureichend selbst versorgen, verlieren wichtige soziale Kontakte und zum Teil sogar ihren Arbeitsplatz. Depressionen gelten mittlerweile entsprechend der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) als weltweit führende Ursache für Behinderungen (www.euro.who.int/).
- Published
- 2015
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14. Good news for allegedly bad studies. Assessment of psychometric properties may help to elucidate deception in online studies on OCD.
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Moritz, Steffen, Van Quaquebeke, Niels, Hauschildt, Marit, Jelinek, Lena, and Gönner, Sascha
- Subjects
PSYCHOMETRICS ,INTERNET surveys ,DECEPTION ,SELF-evaluation ,OBSESSIVE-compulsive disorder ,TEST reliability - Abstract
Abstract: Online surveys are gaining increasing momentum in clinical research. Ease of recruitment and low cost are two of the biggest advantages of Internet studies. There are, however, concerns about their reliability and validity. The present study compared the psychometric properties of self-report instruments measuring obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) across three samples: (1) participants with a confirmed diagnosis of OCD (n=66), (2) participants with a probable diagnosis of OCD (n=86) and (3) clinical experts on OCD and students who were asked to pretend to have OCD (n=121). Psychometric indices of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Score (Y-BOCS) and the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R) served as indicators for reliability and validity. Both patient samples revealed good retest reliability scores and good correlations between Y-BOCS and OCI-R scores. In contrast, the expert group showed poor retest reliabilities and mixed results for the intercorrelations between OCI-R and Y-BOCS scores. Simulators display a marked tendency to over-report symptoms on the OCI-R. Good psychometric properties of online studies may serve as a proxy for the validity of diagnoses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2012
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15. Quality of life in obsessive-compulsive disorder before and after treatment.
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Moritz, Steffen, Rufer, Michael, Fricke, Susanne, Karow, Anne, Morfeld, Matthias, Jelinek, Lena, and Jacobsen, Dirk
- Abstract
Background: The assessment of Quality of Life (QoL) is an important tool for elucidating target symptoms that are particularly bothersome to patients. The present study was designed to explore predictors of decreased QoL in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and to explore which aspects of QoL are most affected in OCD. Furthermore, the study investigated changes in QoL after treatment and the association between QoL change scores with symptomatic outcome. In line with prior research, it wag expected that low QoL in OCD patients would be most pronounced for the emotional and social aspects of the construct. Methods: Seventy-nine OCD patients were initially recruited. Patients were assessed with the SF-36 both before and after treatment. Norm values were derived from the general population to characterize status of impairment. OCD patients were contrasted with published SF-36 scores from 2 OCD samples as well as a newly recruited psychiatric and healthy control sample. Results: Correlations with QoL were most pronounced for depression severity and number of OCD symptoms. Apart from low social and emotional QoL in the majority of patients, a large subgroup also reported lower physical well-being. Decreased scores on this subscale were mainly associated with length of illness, depression, and number of compulsions. Overall, QoL was significantly improved in therapy responders relative to nonresponders. Conclusions: The results largely correspond to previous findings showing that OCD patients sham severely compromised well-being. Somewhat unexpected from previous research, QoL deficits were not restricted to emotional and social aspects of QoL but extended to somatic domains. The present results suggest that clinicians should thoroughly explore for depression as well as physical impairments in OCD patients, which, when present, may be additionally targeted to achieve comprehensive treatment success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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16. Denkverzerrungen erkennen und korrigieren: Eine Machbarkeitsstudie zum Metakognitiven Training bei Depression (D-MKT)
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Jelinek, Lena, Otte, Christian, Arlt, Sönke, and Hauschildt, Marit
- Abstract
Dysfunktionalen kognitiven Strategien und Verzerrungen wird eine wichtige Rolle bei der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von Depression zugeschrieben. Diese beziehen sich einerseits auf die in der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie aufgegriffenen «Denkfehler» (z. B. übertriebene Verallgemeinerung), aber auch auf depressionstypische Verzerrungen, die im Rahmen der neuropsychologischen Grundlagenforschung objektiviert wurden (z. B. Gedächtnispräferenz für negatives Material). Letztere werden in bestehenden psychotherapeutischen Behandlungsangeboten jedoch bislang kaum berücksichtigt. Das Metakognitive Training bei Depression (D-MKT) beabsichtigt diese Lücke zu schließen. Ziel der vorliegenden Pilotstudie war es, die Machbarkeit und Akzeptanz sowie die Effektivität dieses Behandlungsansatzes als Gruppentraining zu evaluieren. Insgesamt 104 Patienten mit Depression nahmen an einer offenen Studie teil, von denen 72 in einer per protocolAnalyse berücksichtigt werden konnten. Neben soziodemographischen Daten wurden die depressive Symptomatik, der Selbstwert, das Grübeln sowie allgemeine und depressionstypische Denkverzerrungen über Selbstbeurteilungsinstrumente erfasst. Subjektive Bewertungen durch die Patienten sowie etwaige inhaltliche Redundanzen mit anderen therapeutischen Angeboten wurden zusätzlich erfragt. In der Auswertung zeigte sich eine signifikante Abnahme der depressiven Symptomatik mit mittlerer Effektstärke (Cohen's d= 0.73). Außerdem ergaben sich eine signifikante Abnahme der Denkverzerrungen und des Grübelns sowie eine signifikante Zunahme des Selbstwertes (Effektstärken zwischen d= 0.32 und 0.64). Die Machbarkeit, Akzeptanz und Effektivität des D-MKT ist nach den Ergebnissen der Pilotstudie als positiv zu bewerten.
- Published
- 2013
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17. Metacognitive Training for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A randomized controlled trial.
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Miegel, Franziska, Moritz, Steffen, Hottenrott, Birgit, Demiralay, Cüneyt, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Less than half of help-seeking individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) receive evidence-based treatment recommended by guidelines. Metacognitive Group Training for OCD (MCT-OCD) aims to fill the treatment gap, until evidence-based treatment is available as it is easy to administer even by less trained personnel and highly standardized, which facilitates preparation and thus, dissemination. An assessor-blind randomized controlled trial comparing the MCT-OCD (n = 39) to a care as usual control condition (n = 40) was conducted. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) represented the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes targeted treatment processes. Patients were reassessed eight weeks (post) after baseline and three months (follow-up) after post. In the MCT-OCD group, OC symptoms declined more than in the control group from baseline to post with a moderate effect (η p
2 = 0.078) in the complete cases sample. Decrease in compulsions and dysfunctional metacognitions was larger in the MCT-OCD than the control group from baseline to post and from baseline to follow-up (compulsions only). Acceptability of the MCT-OCD was good. The results demonstrate that the MCT-OCD is a promising add-on treatment for reducing OC symptoms and dysfunctional metacognitions. Its easy dissemination enables a large number of patients with OCD to be treated. • The Metacognitive Training for OCD (MCT-OCD) reduced patients' OC symptoms. • The MCT-OCD showed good acceptability. • The MCT-OCD is a highly standardized intervention, which may narrow treatment gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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18. Religiosity, Magical Ideation, and Paranormal Beliefs in Anxiety Disorders and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
- Author
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Agorastos, Agorastos, Metscher, Tanja, Huber, Christian G., Jelinek, Lena, Vitzthum, Francesca, Muhtz, Christoph, Kellner, Michael, and Moritz, Steffen
- Abstract
The relation between religiosityspirituality (RS), personal beliefs, and mental health has been extensively studied. However, concerning anxiety disorders (ADs), empirical evidence is scarce. This study investigated the differences in RS and magicalparanormal ideation among obsessive-compulsive disorder patients (OCD; n= 49), patients with other ADs (n= 36), and healthy controls (HCs; n= 35). Our results suggest negative religious coping as being the only parameter showing significantly higher scores in OCD and AD participants in comparison with HCs. Negative religious coping reflects negative functional expressions of RS in stressful situations. Logistic regression also suggested negative religious coping as the strongest predictor of group affiliation to the nonhealthy group. Further results show no significant differences between other RS, magical, and paranormal ideation traits among groups. This study underlines an important role of negative religious coping in ADs yet does not clearly indicate a specific causality. Religious-sensitive treatment targeting cognitive aspects of negative religious coping are discussed.
- Published
- 2012
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19. Good news for allegedly bad studies. Assessment of psychometric properties may help to elucidate deception in online studies on OCD
- Author
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Moritz, Steffen, Van Quaquebeke, Niels, Hauschildt, Marit, Jelinek, Lena, and Gönner, Sascha
- Abstract
Online surveys are gaining increasing momentum in clinical research. Ease of recruitment and low cost are two of the biggest advantages of Internet studies. There are, however, concerns about their reliability and validity.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. How to treat the untreated: effectiveness of a self-help metacognitive training program (myMCT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder
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Moritz, Steffen, Jelinek, Lena, Hauschildt, Marit, and Naber, Dieter
- Abstract
Despite advances in the understanding and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), many patients undergoing interventions display incomplete symptom reduction. Our research group has developed a self-help manual entitled “My Metacognitive Training for OCD” (myMCT) aimed at raising patients' awareness about cognitive biases that seem to subserve OCD. The training is particularly intended for patients currently unable or unwilling to attend standard therapy, or in cases where such a treatment option is not available. For the present study, 86 individuals suffering from OCD were recruited over the Internet. Following the initial assessment participants were either immediately emailed the myMCT manual or allocated to a waitlist group. After 4 weeks, a second assessment was performed. The myMCT group showed significantly greater improvement for OCD symptoms according to the Y-BOCS total score compared with the waitlist group (d =.63), particularly for obsessions (d=.69). Medium to strong differences emerged for the OCI-R (d =.70) and the BDI-SF (d =.50). The investigation provides the first evidence for the effectiveness of the myMCT for OCD.
- Published
- 2010
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21. Intrusive Memories and Modality-Specific Mental Imagery in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
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Jelinek, Lena, Randjbar, Sarah, Kellner, Michael, Untiedt, Angnes, Volkert, Jana, Muhtz, Christoph, and Moritz, Steffen
- Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by vivid intrusive memories of the trauma. Among these, visual sensations of the trauma are most commonly reported. However, intrusions may involve other senses as well (e.g., acoustic, olfactory, or bodily sensations). It has been proposed that enhanced mental imagery may predispose individuals with traumatic experiences to intrusions and ultimately to PTSD. A total of 58 victims of interpersonal violence with current (n= 20), past (n= 19), and no lifetime PTSD (n= 19) as well as non-traumatized controls (n= 23) were assessed with the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) and a modality-specific imagery questionnaire. Moreover, the sensory quality of the traumatic intrusions was assessed in traumatized participants. Participants with recovered PTSD displayed less overall mental imagery than the other three groups who were indistinguishable. No relation was found between the modality-specific mental imagery and the sensory quality of the intrusions. The impact of mental imagery on intrusive memories in PTSD is complex. Less mental imagery appears beneficial in the recovery process, but does not prevent the development of intrusive symptoms in the first place. Further investigation of perceptual and memory vividness as well imagery control (i.e., to sustain, modify, or terminate an image) also including trauma-related material may be important for trauma-specific interventions.
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- 2010
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22. Assoziationsspaltung – Eine neue Intervention zur Behandlung von Zwangsgedanken
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Jelinek, Lena, Hottenrott, Birgit, and Moritz, Steffen
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- 2009
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23. Everyday memory functioning in obsessive– compulsive disorder
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JELINEK, LENA, MORITZ, STEFFEN, HEEREN, DEIKE, and NABER, DIETER
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Memory performance in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is discussed as a pathogenetic risk factor for the emergence of OCD, particularly checking compulsions. At present, however, findings are mixed and little is known about memory performance in tasks relevant to everyday functioning in patients with OCD. For the present study, memory performance was assessed in 31 patients diagnosed with OCD and 33 healthy controls with the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT), which covers a wide range of verbal and nonverbal memory components as well as prospective memory. OCD patients performed comparably to healthy controls on the memory task for verbal, nonverbal, and prospective memory (p > .1). According to norm values, memory performance was unimpaired in most OCD patients. The present findings further challenge a broad account of the “memory deficit” hypothesis of OCD and compulsive checking, respectively (JINS, 2006, 12, 746–749.)
- Published
- 2006
24. Metacognitive Training for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A randomized controlled trial
- Author
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Miegel, Franziska, Moritz, Steffen, Hottenrott, Birgit, Demiralay, Cüneyt, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Less than half of help-seeking individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) receive evidence-based treatment recommended by guidelines. Metacognitive Group Training for OCD (MCT-OCD) aims to fill the treatment gap, until evidence-based treatment is available as it is easy to administer even by less trained personnel and highly standardized, which facilitates preparation and thus, dissemination.
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
25. Prenatal sex hormones and finger length: Digit ratio (2D:4D) as a biological marker of early developmental processes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
- Author
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Nitsche, Katharina, Moritz, Steffen, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Sex differences (e.g., regarding age at onset and content of symptoms) suggest a potential role of sex hormones in the prenatal etiopathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). To investigate whether these hormones are associated with OCD, the study used the 2D:4D digit ratio as phenotypic marker of prenatal sex hormone exposure. The study included 43 patients with OCD, 35 patients with depression, and 36 nonclinical controls. Diagnostic groups did not differ with regard to 2D:4D. In men with OCD, analyses showed a negative association between 2D:4D and OC symptom severity after controlling for depression. Moreover, a positive relationship between 2D:4D and the symptom dimension "washing" and a negative with "checking" was found in men, a positive association with age at onset in women (nonsignificant after correction for multiple testing). Future research should further pursue the hypothesis of a disturbed balance of sex hormones as a factor in the etiopathogenesis of OCD. • 2D:4D and OCD symptoms were examined for the first time. • Masculinized 2D:4D is related to OC symptoms in men. • "Simple" comparisons of 2D:4D ratios between groups are rather unreliable. • Testosterone has a potential early, prenatal influence in the development of OCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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26. Brief Web-Based Intervention for Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial on Behavioral Activation.
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Jelinek, Lena, Arlt, Sönke, Moritz, Steffen, Schröder, Johanna, Westermann, Stefan, and Cludius, Barbara
- Subjects
RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,WORLD Wide Web ,BRIEF psychotherapy ,CONTROL groups ,PILOT projects ,MENTAL health ,QUALITY of life ,MENTAL depression ,STATISTICAL sampling - Abstract
Background: Web-based interventions have been shown to be effective for the treatment of depression. However, interventions are often complex and include a variety of elements, making it difficult to identify the most effective component(s).Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to shed light on mechanisms in the online treatment of depression by comparing a single-module, fully automated intervention for depression (internet-based behavioral activation [iBA]) to a nonoverlapping active control intervention and a nonactive control group.Methods: We assessed 104 people with at least mild depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9, >4) via the internet at baseline (t0) and 2 weeks (t1) and 4 weeks (t2) later. After the t0 assessment, participants were randomly allocated to one of three groups: (1) iBA (n=37), (2) active control using a brief internet-based mindfulness intervention (iMBI, n=32), or (3) care as usual (CAU, n=35). The primary outcome was improvement in depressive symptoms, as measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Secondary parameters included changes in activity, dysfunctional attitudes, and quality of life.Results: While groups did not differ regarding the change in depression from t0 to t1 (ηp2=.007, P=.746) or t0 to t2 (ηp2=.008, P=.735), iBA was associated with a larger decrease in dysfunctional attitudes from t0 to t2 in comparison to CAU (ηp2=.053, P=.04) and a larger increase in activity from t0 to t1 than the pooled control groups (ηp2=.060, P=.02). A change in depression from t0 to t2 was mediated by a change in activity from t0 to t1. At t1, 22% (6/27) of the participants in the iBA group and 12% (3/25) of the participants in the iMBI group indicated that they did not use the intervention.Conclusions: Although we did not find support for the short-term efficacy of the single-module iBA regarding depression, long-term effects are still conceivable, potentially initiated by changes in secondary outcomes. Future studies should use a longer intervention and follow-up interval.Trial Registration: DKRS (#DRKS00011562). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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27. Prenatal sex hormones and finger length: Digit ratio (2D:4D) as a biological marker of early developmental processes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Author
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Nitsche, Katharina, Moritz, Steffen, and Jelinek, Lena
- Abstract
Sex differences (e.g., regarding age at onset and content of symptoms) suggest a potential role of sex hormones in the prenatal etiopathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). To investigate whether these hormones are associated with OCD, the study used the 2D:4D digit ratio as phenotypic marker of prenatal sex hormone exposure. The study included 43 patients with OCD, 35 patients with depression, and 36 nonclinical controls. Diagnostic groups did not differ with regard to 2D:4D. In men with OCD, analyses showed a negative association between 2D:4D and OC symptom severity after controlling for depression. Moreover, a positive relationship between 2D:4D and the symptom dimension “washing” and a negative with “checking” was found in men, a positive association with age at onset in women (nonsignificant after correction for multiple testing). Future research should further pursue the hypothesis of a disturbed balance of sex hormones as a factor in the etiopathogenesis of OCD.
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- 2020
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28. Editorial zum Themenheft „Metakognitive Trainingsverfahren“
- Author
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Moritz, Steffen and Jelinek, Lena
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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