13 results on '"Jian, Fuchun"'
Search Results
2. Evaluation of gut microbiota composition to screening for potential biomarker in AFB1-exposed sheep
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Lin, Luxi, Fu, Pengfei, Zhang, Chaodong, Xu, Tingting, Cao, Qinqin, Shaukat, Aftab, Yue, Ke, Liu, Fang, Dong, Haiju, Huang, Shucheng, and Jian, Fuchun
- Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is an inevitable contaminant in animal feed and agricultural products, which seriously threatens the health of animals. However, there is currently no better diagnostic tool available than depending on clinical symptoms, pathophysiology, biochemical indicators, etc. Here, we profiled the fecal microbiomes of sheep exposed to and not exposed to AFB1 to identify potential non-invasive biomarkers of AFB1 intoxication by 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology, while measuring serum biochemical indexes. The results showed that the sheep exposed to AFB1 had significantly higher levels of the liver function indicators ALT (alanine transaminase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase), and their microbial profiles were different from those of the CON (Control) group. In detail, the relative abundance of seven phyla and three genera were overrepresented in the AFB1 group from top 10 relative abundance. Importantly, we found that Prevotellaand Bifidobacteriumwere significantly different in the CON and AFB1 groups (p= 0.032 and p= 0.021, respectively) based on linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) and random forest analysis. Additionally, the area under curve (AUC) of ALT was 1 (95% CI 1.00–1.00; p< 0.001) and that of Bifidobacteriumwas 0.95 (95% CI 0.81–1.00; p= 0.0275), suggesting that Bifidobacteriumcorrelated with ALT (r= 0.783, p< 0.01) may be a potential biomarker for AFB1 exposure in sheep.
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- 2023
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3. Giardia duodenalisin Hu sheep: occurrence and environmental contamination on large-scale housing farms
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Zhao, Qianming, Lu, Chenyang, Pei, Zhiyang, Gong, Pihong, Li, Junqiang, Jian, Fuchun, Jing, Bo, Qi, Meng, Ning, Changshen, Zhao, Qianming, Lu, Chenyang, Pei, Zhiyang, Gong, Pihong, Li, Junqiang, Jian, Fuchun, Jing, Bo, Qi, Meng, and Ning, Changshen
- Abstract
Giardia duodenalisis a common zoonotic intestinal parasitic protozoan and sheep are among its hosts; however, limited information is available on sheep kept in large-scale housing. The Hu sheep is a first-class protected local livestock breed in China. In this study, we investigated the seasonal dynamics of G. duodenalisinfection in Hu sheep and the environmental contamination of large-scale sheep farms. We collected 474 fecal samples and 312 environmental samples from Hu sheep on a large-scale sheep farm in Henan, China. The prevalence of G. duodenaliswas determined by nested PCR targeting the β‑giardin (bg) gene. The assemblages and multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were investigated based on analyses of three genetic loci, i.e. bg, glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and triosephosphate isomerase (tpi). To detect mixed infections of different assemblages, assemblage A/E-specific PCRs were performed to amplify the tpigene. The prevalence of G. duodenalisinfection in sheep was 17.9% (81/474) and the positivity rate in environmental samples was 0.96% (3/312). Genetic analysis revealed the presence of two assemblages (assemblages A and E), with assemblage E being detected in both fecal and environmental samples, and assemblage A detected only in fecal samples. A total of 23 MLGs were obtained in fecal and environmental samples, all of which belonged to assemblage E. These results indicate the seasonal dynamics of G. duodenalisinfection in sheep and environmental contamination on large-scale housing sheep farms and provide an important reference for the prevention and control of G. duodenalison large-scale housing sheep farms.
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- 2023
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4. First molecular evidence of mixed infections of Anaplasma species in dogs in Henan, China.
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Cui, Yanyan, Yan, Yaqun, Wang, Xiaoxing, Cao, Shuxuan, Zhang, Yan, Jian, Fuchun, Zhang, Longxian, Wang, Rongjun, Shi, Ke, and Ning, Changshen
- Abstract
In recent years, tick-borne diseases like anaplasmosis have become widespread worldwide threatening the health of both human and animals. Dogs play an important role in the epidemiology of several zoonotic tick-borne pathogens by acting as reservoirs. In this study, the status of Anaplasma phagocytophilum , A. platys , A. bovis and A. ovis infection were assessed in dogs in Henan, China, with PCR and phylogenetic analyses. Nested PCRs on 243 blood samples collected from dogs from different sampling sites revealed that thirty-three (13.6%) dogs were positive for one or more pathogens. The prevalence of Anaplasma spp. in stray dogs was 40.7% (24/59), which was much higher than that of pet dogs (4.0%, 7/175). The prevalence for A. ovis , A. bovis and A. phagocytophilum was 6.2%, 4.1% and 0.4%, respectively and mixed-infection of these three pathogens was found in only one stray dog (prevalence, 0.4%). None of the dogs was positive for A. platys . Phylogenetic analyses classified A. phagocytophilum into two distinct groups (East Asia and south Africa group, Europe and America group), whereas A. ovis and A. bovis showed a general classification into two groups (cluster 1 and cluster 2), respectively. The isolate (KX190783) of A. ovis from a stray dog fell in a clade with a human isolate from Cyprus (FJ460443) and shared 99.8% similarity with it. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report to identify A. bovis and A. ovis DNA in dogs in China and the mixed-infection of the three Anaplasma spp. ( A. phagocytophilum , A. bovis and A. ovis ) in dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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5. Public health significance of zoonotic Cryptosporidium species in wildlife: Critical insights into better drinking water management.
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Zahedi, Alireza, Paparini, Andrea, Jian, Fuchun, Robertson, Ian, and Ryan, Una
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Cryptosporidium is an enteric parasite that is transmitted via the faecal–oral route, water and food. Humans, wildlife and domestic livestock all potentially contribute Cryptosporidium to surface waters. Human encroachment into natural ecosystems has led to an increase in interactions between humans, domestic animals and wildlife populations. Increasing numbers of zoonotic diseases and spill over/back of zoonotic pathogens is a consequence of this anthropogenic disturbance. Drinking water catchments and water reservoir areas have been at the front line of this conflict as they can be easily contaminated by zoonotic waterborne pathogens. Therefore, the epidemiology of zoonotic species of Cryptosporidium in free-ranging and captive wildlife is of increasing importance. This review focuses on zoonotic Cryptosporidium species reported in global wildlife populations to date, and highlights their significance for public health and the water industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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6. First molecular evidence of mixed infections of Anaplasmaspecies in dogs in Henan, China
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Cui, Yanyan, Yan, Yaqun, Wang, Xiaoxing, Cao, Shuxuan, Zhang, Yan, Jian, Fuchun, Zhang, Longxian, Wang, Rongjun, Shi, Ke, and Ning, Changshen
- Abstract
In recent years, tick-borne diseases like anaplasmosis have become widespread worldwide threatening the health of both human and animals. Dogs play an important role in the epidemiology of several zoonotic tick-borne pathogens by acting as reservoirs. In this study, the status of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, A. platys, A. bovisand A. ovisinfection were assessed in dogs in Henan, China, with PCR and phylogenetic analyses. Nested PCRs on 243 blood samples collected from dogs from different sampling sites revealed that thirty-three (13.6%) dogs were positive for one or more pathogens. The prevalence of Anaplasmaspp. in stray dogs was 40.7% (24/59), which was much higher than that of pet dogs (4.0%, 7/175). The prevalence for A. ovis, A. bovisand A. phagocytophilumwas 6.2%, 4.1% and 0.4%, respectively and mixed-infection of these three pathogens was found in only one stray dog (prevalence, 0.4%). None of the dogs was positive for A. platys. Phylogenetic analyses classified A. phagocytophiluminto two distinct groups (East Asia and south Africa group, Europe and America group), whereas A. ovisand A. bovisshowed a general classification into two groups (cluster 1 and cluster 2), respectively. The isolate (KX190783) of A. ovisfrom a stray dog fell in a clade with a human isolate from Cyprus (FJ460443) and shared 99.8% similarity with it. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report to identify A. bovisand A. ovisDNA in dogs in China and the mixed-infection of the three Anaplasmaspp. (A. phagocytophilum, A. bovisand A. ovis) in dogs.
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- 2017
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7. Molecular detection and phylogeny of Anaplasma spp. closely related to Anaplasma phagocytophilum in small ruminants from China.
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Yan, Yaqun, Lu, Chenyang, Gong, Pihong, Pei, Zhiyang, Peng, Yongshuai, Jian, Fuchun, Wang, Rongjun, Zhang, Longxian, Qi, Meng, and Ning, Changshen
- Abstract
• This is the first A. phagocytophilum or related strains survey in small ruminant using PCR-RFLP in China. • Anaplasma phagocytophilum -like 1 and A. phagocytophilum- like 2 strains were detected. • Anaplasma phagocytophilum -like 1 is the predominant epidemic strain in goats and sheep. • The survey suggested that goats and sheep of China were highly exposed to A. phagocytophilum -like strains all year round, which provide a basis for the prevention and control of anaplasmosis. The genus Anaplasma comprises eight bacterial species that are obligate intracellular pathogens that affect human and animal health. The zoonotic species A. phagocytophilum is the causative agent of tick-borne fever in ruminants, and of granulocytic anaplasmosis in horses, dogs, and humans. Recently, novel strains related to A. phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophilum -like 1/Japanese variant and A. phagocytophilum -like 2/Chinese variant) have been identified. The aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence and phylogeny of A. phagocytophilum and related stains in small ruminants and ticks in China based on sequences of the 16S rRNA combined restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and groEL genes. PCR–RFLP and phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene showed the presence of A. phagocytophilum -like 1 and 2 variants in sampled animals from China, with prevalence rates of 22.6% (303/1338) and 0.7% (10/1338), respectively. Only A. phagocytophilum -like 1 DNA was found in Haemaphysalis longicornis. The phylogeny based on the groEL gene showed inclusion of A. phagocytophilum -like 1 and some A. phagocytophilum -like 2 strains in two unique clades distinct from, but related to, Japanese and Chinese strains of related A. phagocytophilum , respectively. One noteworthy result was that the SSAP2f/SSAP2r primers detected Ehrlichia spp. strains. Moreover, the A. phagocytophilum -like 1 and 2 strains should be considered in the differential diagnosis of caprine and ovine anaplasmosis. Further investigations should be conducted to provide additional epidemiological information about A. phagocytophilum and A. phagocytophilum -like variants in animals and ticks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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8. Molecular detection and phylogeny of Anaplasmaspp. closely related to Anaplasma phagocytophilumin small ruminants from China
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Yan, Yaqun, Lu, Chenyang, Gong, Pihong, Pei, Zhiyang, Peng, Yongshuai, Jian, Fuchun, Wang, Rongjun, Zhang, Longxian, Qi, Meng, and Ning, Changshen
- Abstract
•This is the first A. phagocytophilumor related strains survey in small ruminant using PCR-RFLP in China.•Anaplasma phagocytophilum-like 1 and A. phagocytophilum-like 2 strains were detected.•Anaplasma phagocytophilum-like 1 is the predominant epidemic strain in goats and sheep.•The survey suggested that goats and sheep of China were highly exposed to A. phagocytophilum-like strains all year round, which provide a basis for the prevention and control of anaplasmosis.
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- 2022
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9. Genetic Diversity in Enterocytozoon bieneusiIsolates from Dogs and Cats in China: Host Specificity and Public Health Implications
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Karim, Md Robiul, Dong, Haiju, Yu, Fuchang, Jian, Fuchun, Zhang, Longxian, Wang, Rongjun, Zhang, Sumei, Rume, Farzana Islam, Ning, Changshen, and Xiao, Lihua
- Abstract
ABSTRACTTo explore the genetic diversity, host specificity, and zoonotic potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi, feces from 348 stray and pet dogs and 96 pet cats from different locations in China were examined by internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-based PCR. E. bieneusiwas detected in 15.5% of the dogs, including 20.5% of stray dogs and 11.7% of pet dogs, and in 11.5% of the pet cats. Higher infection rates were recorded in the >2-year and the 1- to 2-year age groups in dogs and cats, respectively. Altogether, 24 genotypes, including 11 known and 13 new, were detected in 65 infected animals. In 54 positive dogs, 18 genotypes, 9 known (PtEbIX, O, D, CM1, EbpA, Peru8, type IV, EbpC, and PigEBITS5) and 9 new (CD1 to CD9), were found. In contrast, 8 genotypes, 4 known (D, BEB6, I, and PtEbIX) and 4 new (CC1 to CC4), were identified in 11 infected cats. The dominant genotype in dogs was PtEbIX (26/54). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 8 known genotypes (D, Peru8, type IV, CM1, EbpC, PigEBITS5, O, and EbpA) and 7 new genotypes (CD1 to CD4 and CC2 to CC4) were the members of zoonotic group 1, whereas genotypes CD7, CD8, and CD9 together with PtEbIX belonged to the dog-specific group, and genotypes CD6 and CC1 were placed in group 2 with BEB6 and I. Conversely, genotype CD5 clustered with CM4 without belonging to any previous groups. We conclude that zoonotic genotypes are common in dogs and cats, as are host-specific genotypes in dogs.
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- 2014
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10. Seasonal dynamics of Anaplasma spp. in goats in warm-temperate zone of China.
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Wang, Kunlun, Yan, Yaqun, Zhou, Yongchun, Zhao, Shanshan, Jian, Fuchun, Wang, Rongjun, Zhang, Longxian, and Ning, Changshen
- Abstract
• The single and mixed infections rates of Anaplasma spp. according to season were recorded and analyzed. • This is the first seasonal dynamics survey of Anaplasma spp. infections in warm temperate regions of China. • Goats in warm temperate regions of China were highly exposed to Anaplasma spp. all year round. Anaplasma are tick-borne obligate intracellular bacteria that can endanger human and animal health, and until now, there have been few reports on the seasonal dynamics of Anaplasma species in China. In this study, a total of 491 goat blood samples were collected in spring (n = 124), summer (n = 135), autumn (n = 110), and winter (n = 122) from Shaanxi provinces. Single and mixed infections of Anaplasma spp. from warm-temperate regions of China were analyzed according to seasons using a nested PCR method. Positive samples were sequenced to observe the molecular and phylogenetic characteristics of the Anaplasma species, and we determined the co-infection rates of Anaplasma spp. for each season. A molecular survey of Anaplasma phagocytophilum , A. bovis , A. ovis , and A. capra in goats showed average prevalences of 71.6 % (maximum 86.7 % in summer and minimum 48.4 % in winter), 62.2 % (minimum 38.7 % in spring and maximum 94.1 % in summer), 25.5 % (minimum 0% in summer and maximum 51.6 % in spring), and 26.6 % (minimum 8.2 % in winter and maximum 55.6 % in summer), respectively. In the phylogenetic analysis , A. phagocytophilum and A. capra occupied two separate groups, Chinese A. bovis and foreign isolates appeared to be geographically isolated, and all A. ovis isolates were in the same branch as the previously described sequences. The survey indicated that goats in warm-temperate regions of China are frequently exposed to Anaplasma spp. all year round, and thus prevention and treatment efforts for anaplasmosis in the region should be strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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11. Characteristics of CryptosporidiumTransmission in Preweaned Dairy Cattle in Henan, China
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Wang, Rongjun, Wang, Helei, Sun, Yanru, Zhang, Longxian, Jian, Fuchun, Qi, Meng, Ning, Changshen, and Xiao, Lihua
- Abstract
ABSTRACTTo estimate the prevalence and public health significance of cryptosporidiosis in preweaned calves in China, 801 fecal samples from eight farms in seven areas in Henan Province were examined for Cryptosporidiumoocysts. The overall infection rate of Cryptosporidiumwas 21.5%, with the farm in Xinxiang having the highest prevalence (40%). No significant difference in infection rates was observed between seasons. Cryptosporidiumspp. were characterized by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene and DNA sequencing of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. The SSU rRNA-based PCR identified four Cryptosporidiumspecies, including Cryptosporidium parvum(54/172), C. bovis(65/172), C. ryanae(19/172), and C. andersoni(12/172), and the occurrence of infections with mixed species (22/172). The earliest detection of C. boviswas in calves of 1 week of age, showing that the prepatent period was shorter than the previously stated 10 to 12 days. Infections with C. parvumpeaked in summer, whereas C. bovisdominated in autumn and winter. There was no apparent difference in the age of cattle infected with either C. parvumor C. bovis. Sequencing analysis of the gp60 gene showed all 67 C. parvumsamples belonged to subtype IIdA19G1. These findings suggested that the transmission of Cryptosporidiumspp. in preweaned calves in Henan, China, appeared to be different from other areas both at genotype and subtype levels. Further molecular epidemiologic studies (including samples from both calves and humans) are needed to elucidate the transmission dynamics and public significance of C. parvumin cattle in China.
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- 2011
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12. Seasonal dynamics of Anaplasmaspp. in goats in warm-temperate zone of China
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Wang, Kunlun, Yan, Yaqun, Zhou, Yongchun, Zhao, Shanshan, Jian, Fuchun, Wang, Rongjun, Zhang, Longxian, and Ning, Changshen
- Abstract
•The single and mixed infections rates of Anaplasmaspp. according to season were recorded and analyzed.•This is the first seasonal dynamics survey of Anaplasmaspp. infections in warm temperate regions of China.•Goats in warm temperate regions of China were highly exposed to Anaplasmaspp. all year round.
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- 2021
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13. Dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricumimproves growth performance of broilers by regulating intestinal microbiota and mucosal epithelial cells
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Xu, Laipeng, Sun, Xiangli, Wan, Xianhua, Li, Keke, Jian, Fuchun, Li, Wenting, Jiang, Ruirui, Han, Ruili, Li, Hong, Kang, Xiangtao, and Wang, Yanbin
- Abstract
Clostridium butyricumhas been widely considered an antibiotic substitute in recent years. It can promote growth performance, improve the immune response and enhance the intestinal barrier function of the host. In the present study, 1-d-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were fed C. butyricum(1 × 109 cfu/kg) for 28 d. The transcriptomic characteristics of epithelial cells of the cecal mucosa were determined by RNA-sequence, and the cecal microbiota composition was explored by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The changes in the intestinal mucosa of broilers were then analyzed by tissue staining. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations identified substance transport and processes and pathways that might participate in intestinal development and cell viability. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes are involved in numerous pathways related to amino acid and vitamin metabolism and antioxidant and defensive functions, among others. The relative expression of some genes associated with intestinal barrier function (claudins 2, 15, 19, and 23, tight junction proteins 1, 2, and 3 and mucin 1) was significantly increased in the treatment group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Moreover, the proportion of Firmicutes was higher in the C. butyricum-treated group, whereas the proportion of Proteobacteria was higher in the control group. At the genus level, the relative abundances of Butyricicoccusand Lactobacillus, among other bacteria, were increased after C. butyricumsupplementation. The tissue staining analysis showed that the cecal mucosa of broilers was significantly ameliorated after the addition of C. butyricum(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). These results showed that dietary supplementation with C. butyricumcan enhance the antioxidant capacity, mucosal barrier function, and stabilize the cecal microbiota, resulting in improving the growth performance.
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- 2021
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