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In order to reveal the space expansion potential of Hemiptelea davidii woodland in Keerqin sandy land in China, the quantitative spatial characteristics of the seed rain in the understory and at the woodsides, as well as the seed dispersal patterns at the woodsides and of the isolating trees, were analyzed through survey on sequential sampling away from seed source in different directions at the woodsides and isolating trees and random sampling in the understory. The results showed that among three sampling plots, the average density of the seed rain in the understory was the highest (13732. 5±3106. 2 seeds ∙ m-2 ). For isolating trees, the seed rain had the highest density (5449. 4±1429. 3 seeds ∙ m-2 ) in southeast transect, being significantly higher than that in other directions, and the lowest one (650. 2±631. 6 seeds ∙ m-2 ) in the northwest transect, being significantly lower than that in other directions. At the woodsides, the seed rain density was significantly higher in the east and south transects than in the west and north transects. The variation of the seed density was greater, with the variation coefficient being 25. 7% -106. 3% in different directions in the two plots of isolating trees and woodsides. Same as other anemochorous plants, H. davidii had the characteristics of seed dispersal away from the seed source. In the eight sampling transects, there existed diversity in the patterns of the seed dispersal away from the seed source in per unit area and in accumulated area, including linear, power, exponential, quadratic parabola, and logarithmic functions. It was suggested that the space expansion potential of H. davidii woodland in Keerqin sandy land would be greater in more frequency down wind directions such as the south, southeast, and east than in more frequency upwind directions such as the north, northwest, and west. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the study which aims to examine the role of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE1) in balancing intracellular cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). In the process, PDE1A used small interfering RNA to neonatal and adult rat ventricular myocytes in determining the chronic isoproterenol infusion in vivo in human hearts. Thus, PDE1A reduced the intracellular cGMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase towards cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

The article discusses a study which showed reactive oxygen species (ROS) and advanced glycation end products (AGE) lead to shear-stress-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK5) SUMOylation an inhibition of shear stress-mediated ERK5 transcriptional activity. The manner in which the possible pathological role of ERK5 SUMOylation in diabetes mellitus in vivo was examine is described.