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Extranodal natural killer T-cell lymphoma (nasal type; NKTCL) is an aggressive malignancy strongly associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. However, the role of EBV in NKTCL development is unclear, largely due to the lack of information about EBV genome and transcriptome in NKTCL. Here, using high-throughput sequencing, we obtained whole genome (n= 27) and transcriptome datasets (n= 18) of EBV derived from NKTCL tumor biopsies. We assembled 27 EBV genomes and detected an average of 1,152 single nucleotide variants and 44.8 indels (<50 bp) of EBV per sample. We also identified frequent focal EBV genome deletions and integrated EBV fragments in the host genome. Moreover, Phylogenetic analysis revealed that NKTCL-derived EBVs are closely clustered; transcriptome analysis revealed less activation of both latent and lytic genes and larger amount of T-cell epitope alterations in NKTCL, as compared with other EBV-associated cancers. Furthermore, we observed transcriptional defects of the BARTs miRNA by deletion, and the disruption of host NHEJ1by integrated EBV fragment, implying novel pathogenic mechanisms of EBV. Taken together, we reported for the first time global mutational and transcriptional profiles of EBV in NKTCL clinical samples, revealing important somatic events of EBV and providing insights to better understanding of EBV’s contribution in tumorigenesis.

We experimentally demonstrate an active terahertz (THz) resonance switch induced by the polarization conversion in a compound metasurface, which is a LC layer sandwiched by a metallic wire grating and resonance metamaterial (LCGM). Here, the liquid crystal (LC) plays the role of polarization conversion, which can induce the TE resonance. Moreover, there exists a localized resonance between metallic grating and metamaterial layers, and then the excited resonance will be greatly enhanced. The results show that the high extinction ratio of the resonance switch exceeds 30 dB at 0.82 THz. This work will bring new ideas for the research in developing THz phase, polarization, and switch devices with LC and metasurface.

We investigated THz nonreciprocal circularly polarized transmission in thin longitudinally magnetized InSb film, especially focusing on its non-eigen nonreciprocal transmission mechanism at room temperature. Then, based on this effect, we presented a THz isolator for linear polarized waves. The nonreciprocal transmission of the InSb film in this device is converted and enhanced by a pair of orthogonal artificial birefringence gratings. After the optimization, the isolation reaches 24 dB, and the insertion loss is <0.5  dB at room temperature and a low magnetic field.

In NMR experiments, the chemical shift is typically the first parameter measured and is a source of structural information for biomolecules. Indeed, secondary chemical shifts, the difference between the measured chemical shifts and those expected for a randomly oriented sequence of peptides (the "random coil"), are correlated with the secondary structure of proteins; secondary shift analysis is thereby a standard approach in structural biology. For intrinsically disordered or denatured proteins furthermore, secondary chemical shifts reveal the propensity of particular segments to form different secondary structures. However, because the atoms in unfolded proteins all have very similar chemical environments, the chemical shifts measured for a certain atom type vary less than in globular proteins. Since chemical shifts can be measured precisely, the secondary chemical shifts calculated for an unfolded system depend mainly on the particular random coil chemical shift database chosen as a point of reference. Certain databases correct the random coil shift for a given residue based on its neighbors in the amino acid sequence. However, these corrections are typically derived from the analysis of model peptides; there have been relatively few direct and systematic studies of the effect of neighboring residues for specific amino acid sequences in disordered proteins. For the study reported here, we used the intrinsically disordered C-terminal domain of TDP-43, which has a highly repetitive amino-acid sequence, as a model system. We assigned the chemical shifts of this protein at low pH in urea. Our results demonstrate that the identity of the nearest neighbors is decisive in determining the value of the chemical shift for atoms in a random coil arrangement. Based on these observations, we also outline a possible approach to construct a random-coil library of chemical shifts that comprises all possible arrangement of tripeptides from a manageable number of polypeptides.

A model of correcting the nonlinear error of photoelectric displacement sensor was established based on the least square support vector machine. The parameters of the correcting nonlinear model, such as penalty factor and kernel parameter, were optimized by chaos genetic algorithm. And the nonlinear correction of photoelectric displacement sensor based on least square support vector machine was applied. The application results reveal that error of photoelectric displacement sensor is less than 1.5%, which is rather satisfactory for nonlinear correction of photoelectric displacement sensor.

An electro-thermo coupling finite element model is developed to investigate the electromigration and electro-thermo-mechanical effects on electronic packaging. Sn4.0Ag0.6Cu (SAC405) solder ball are commonly used on POP package in this research. Current density arising in the Copper trace above SAC405 solder ball implies the hot spot where results in an electromigration along the current direction. Finite element predictions reveal the peak electro-thermo-mechanical effective stress is located at the regions where electromigration potentially occurred. Current crowding, temperature distribution and electro-thermo induced effective stress distribution are predicted. A submodel scheme is applied for evaluation of equivalent life time of solder ball. Reliability analysis on electro-thermo-mechanical for SAC405 solder ball is evaluated.

The solid-phase photocatalytic degradation of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) films was investigated in ambient air. The photodegradation of the PVC and PVC-TiO2 was compared with that of plasma-treated PVC and plasma-treated PVC-TiO2 [removed info]performing a weight loss monitoring and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. The SEM of the PVC-TiO2 film treated by plasma showed many cracks on the surface after photodegradation. Furthermore, the surface wettability and surface structure of PVC after nitrogen plasma treatment was characterized by contact angle, surface tension, and electron spin resonance (ESR). The experiment indicated that the surface free energy and wettability of PVC treated by plasma increased greatly. ESR revealed that the signal of radicals on the surface of the plasma-treated PVC film was enhanced after treatment. The free radicals on the surface of plasma-treated PVC possibly decreased the activating energy of photocatalytic reaction, which belongs to the free radicals reaction, because the chemical activity of the free radicals was high. According to these findings, a mechanism on the photodegradation of plasma-treated PVC-TiO2 is proposed.

Spherical LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 powders with particle size of 8~10μm were prepared based on controlled crystallization, and coated with Al2O3 by Al(OH)3 sol, that was prepared from Al(NO3)3 and NaOH, at first time. SEM, XRD and surface element analysis showed that the nano-sized Al2O3 was coated uniformly on the surface of LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 powder. At 25 °C, the initial discharge capacity decreased from 160 to 149 mAh g-1 after coating of Al2O3. The initial discharge capacity decreased from 168 to 163 mAh g-1 after coating of Al2O at 55 °C. After coating of Al2O3, the capacity retentions increased from 83.8% to 92.6% at the 50th cycle at 25°C, and from 36.3% to 90.8% at the 10th cycle at 55°C. This paves effective way to improve the performance of LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 material for rechargeable lithium ion batteries.

An integrated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchip with two sharpened stretching has been presented. The sample was directly introduced into the separation channel through the stretching inlet tip without complicated power switching supplies and without injection cross-channel. Operations of running buffer refreshing or channel cleaning also becomes simple by vacuumed in one end and placed another tip into solution vial. The fabrication method can be easily applied in most analytical laboratories at low cost in the absence of soft lithography and plasma bonding equipments. Characteristics of the chips were tested and it can be used to separate fluorescence labeled molecules.

The surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film was modified by low-temperature plasma with O2, N2, He, Ar, H2, and CH4 gases, respectively. After being treated by low-temperature plasma, their surface wettability and chemical composition were investigated by means of electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and contact angle measurement. The result shows that the surface wettability of PET can be improved by low-temperature plasma, and the effect of the modification is due mainly to the kind of the gases. Mainly because of the contribution of hydrogen bonding force γ[STACK]^cS[ENDSTACK], the surface wettability of PET treated with O2, N2, He, and Ar plasma for a short time (3 min) increase sharply, and the surface wettability is also improved by H2 plasma treatment; but the CH4 plasma treatment does not improve the wettability of PET. ESCA shows that the effect of wettability of PET is tightly related to the presence of polar functional groups that reside in the outermost surface layer of PET. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 72: 1327–1333, 1999

Summary: Success or failure of open heart surgery is closely related to the effect of myocardial protection, and at present there is no unanimity of opinion as to the ideal protecting method. In this paper we compared the effects of myocardial protection on isolated rabbit heart afforded by the cold (4°C) oxygen-carrying perfluorotripropylamine (FTPA) cardioplegic solution (group A) and those afforded by the cold (4°C) St. Thomas cardioplegic solution (group B). We studied lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the effluent fluid of coronary sinus and ultrastructure of myocardial cells. No statistically significant difference in LDH release activity was observed between group A and group B during heart arrest perfusion, but it was evidently higher in group B than in group A during rewarming at 5, 10, 30, 45 min. Ultrastructure destructive changes of myocardium went alongside with the increase of release of the enzyme. After 45 min of rewarming perfusion, group A hearts showed essentially normal ultrastructure, but those in group B showed evident swelling of mitochondria, vesiculation and fatty changes of cytoplasm, dissolution and fragmentation of myofibrils, etc. The experimental results indicate that FTPA cardioplegic solution offers better myocardial protection than does St. Thomas cardioplegic solution.

The effect of bilateral salpingectomy on ovarian function was studied in the rabbit. Nine rabbits underwent a microsurgical removal of both fallopian tubes, and nine other rabbits underwent sham operations. Four weeks after surgery the rabbits were mated, and the number of ovulation sites were recorded 18 hours after mating. Serum progesterone (P) levels were also determined prior to the operation and at 6 days and 8 days after mating. Eight days after mating the ovaries were recovered, and the corpora lutea were removed and weighed. The mean number and weights of corpora lutea as well as serum P levels did not differ significantly between the groups. These findings suggest that the absence of fallopian tubes has no effect on subsequent ovulatory function in this animal model.

The surface free energy and surface structure of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) film treated with low temperature plasma in O2, Ar, He, H2, NH3, and CH4 gases are studied. The contact angles of the samples were measured, and the critical surface tension γc (Zisman) and γc (max) were determined on the basis of the Zisman's plots. Furthermore, the values of nonpolar dispersion force γ^as, dipole force γ^bs, and hydrogen bonding force γ^cs to the surface tensions for the plasma-treated samples were evaluated by the extended Fowkes equation. Mainly because of the contribution of polar force, the surface free energy and surface wettability of PTFE film which was treated with H2, He, NH3, Ar, and CH4 for a short time increased greatly. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) shows that the reason was the decrease of fluorine and the increase of oxygen or nitrogen polar functional group on the surface of PTFE. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 1733–1739, 1997

A new method for measuring the density, temperature and velocity of N2 gas flow by laser induced biacetyl phosphorescence is proposed. The characteristics of the laser induced phosphorescence of biacetyl mixed with N2 are investigated both in static gas and in one-dimensional flow along a pipe with constant cross section. The theoretical and experimental investigations show that the temperature and density of N2 gas flow could be measured by observing the phosphorescence lifetime and initial intensity of biacetyl triplet (3Au) respectively. The velocity could be measured by observing the time-of-flight of the phosphorescent gas after pulsed laser excitation. The prospect of this method is also discussed.

(MgO)0.1-x(YO1.5)x(ZrO2)0.9 (MYZ) and (MgO)0.1-x(CaO)x(ZrO2)0.9 (MCZ) ceramics were prepared and their phase composition, bulk density, flexural strength, and thermal shock resistance were characterized. There was an abrupt change of c/(c+m) from 29% to 75% as 0

The article presents a study on the improvement of sports culture among college and community. The author believes that community sports and college sports have complementary advantages in terms of the age of participation, activity time, athletic ground and specialized level of sports instructor. Relative to this, he added that the community and campus culture communicate, diffuse and affect each other from the combination of ideas to system formation.