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Objectives: The prognostic significance of CDC42 effector protein 2 (CDC42EP2) and its association with tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) have not been explored in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). This study aims to assess the potential prognostic value of CDC42EP2 by conducting a comprehensive analysis of online databases pertaining to LIHC. Methods: We evaluated the potential of CDC42EP2 as a prognostic biomarker by utilizing online databases such as TIMER, GEPIA2, KM, OSlihc, HPA, and LinkedOmics. Results: In LIHC, we observed that the mRNA and protein expression of CDC42EP2 were upregulated compared to normal tissues. Upregulated CDC42EP2 expression was associated with a worse prognosis based on the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with LIHC. Furthermore, CDC42EP2 was positively associated with TIICs. In the co-expression and functional enrichment analyses of CDC42EP2, 11,416 genes showed positive associations with CDC42EP2 while 8,008 genes showed negative associations. CDC42EP2-related co-expression genes were involved in protein localization to the endoplasmic reticulum, translational initiation, and RNA catabolic processes in gene set enrichment analysis-Gene Ontology (GSEAGO), and regulated the ribosome, spliceosome, and primary immune deficiency in the GSEAKyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway. In a survival map, 23 and 17 genes that exhibited positive associations with CDC42EP2 showed a significant hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival and disease-free survival, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that CDC42EP2 is a novel prognostic biomarker and a potential tumor immune therapeutic target in patients with LIHC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aims of this study were to investigate the expression of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), its prognostic significance, and the correlation between YAP1 and telomerase in various cancers. Methods: The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database was used to analyze RNA sequencing data and the survival rate of patients with various cancers in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. PrognoScan was used to analyze the prognostic value of YAP1 expression in various cancers. Tumor Immune Estimation Resource was used to determine the correlation between YAP1 expression and telomerase in various cancer types based on TCGA data. Results: The analysis suggested that YAP1 was differentially expressed between tissues of various cancers and non-tumor tissues. High YAP1 expression was also related to a poor prognosis in adrenocortical carcinoma, bladder urothelial carcinoma, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Moreover, YAP1 expression was correlated with the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase and telomerase RNA component in various cancer types. Conclusion: These results suggest that YAP1 is a potential biomarker with prognostic significance and relevance for oncogene research in various cancer types. The correlation between the expression of YAP1 and telomere-associated genes will help to understand their cancer-promoting mechanisms and interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose QMBRi, the inverse representation of the quantized minimum bounding rectangles (MBRs) scheme, which compresses a minimum bounding rectangle key into one byte for spatial-data compression. QMBRi is a novel spatial-data compression scheme that is based on inverse quantization and overcomes the shortcomings of conventional relative coordination or quantization schemes. If a spatial data is far from the starting point of the search region, the relative coordination scheme does not guarantee compression. In a quantization scheme, since the MBRs are expanded, the overlapping of MBRs is increased and the search performance is reduced. The proposed scheme overcomes these shortcomings, and simulation results suggest that it performs better than other schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The more wireless sensor networks grow, the more effective security mechanisms are needed. This paper suggests a cryptographic key-management protocol, Energy-Efficient Key-Management protocol. Using a location-based group key allocation, the proposed protocol provides the revocation of compromised nodes and energy-efficient rekeying. Our protocol is motivated by the observation that unicast-based rekeying does not satisfy the security requirements of periodic rekeying in wireless sensor networks. Our protocol provides broadcast-based rekeying for low-energy key management and high resilience. In addition, to increase the complexity of encryption keys, the protocol uses a dynamic composition key scheme. Our protocol provides group management protocols for secure group communication. We compared the energy efficiency of our protocol to other protocols with the rekeying and revocation messages and simulated them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many recent studies in the field of data transmission have considered locationbased services. Prefetching and caching are exemplary techniques for data transmission, and offer advantages in user-centric services in location-dependent data environments. However, in mobile environments, prefetching and caching inevitably require frequent uplink requests because the data that is needed in the clients' current location has to be transmitted from a server. To overcome this drawback, this paper presents a semantic prefetching scheme, with descriptions and cache replacement policies, based on range query processing algorithms. To decrease frequent uplink requests, when a client enters a new service area, that is, a semantic prefetching area, our scheme fetches the necessary descriptions and data from the server in advance. The client maintains the descriptions in its own cache using proposed semantic least recently used, semantic least frequently used, and preference priority replacement policies. Range queries can get their results from the cache, with only a few requests to the server, regardless of mobility and query patterns. Experimental results show that our semantic prefetching scheme is more efficient than the existing scheme in terms of cache efficiency and data accessibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]