Search

The internal quality inspection of the continuous casting billets is very important, and mis-inspection will seriously affect the subsequent production process. The UNet-VGG16 transfer learning model was used for semantic segmentation of the central shrinkage defects of the continuous casting billets. The automatic recognition accuracy of the central shrinkage defects of the continuous casting billets reaches more than 0.9. We use the minimum circumscribed rectangle to quantify the geometric dimensions such as length, width and area of the central shrinkage defects and use the threshold method to rate the central shrinkage defects of the continuous casting billets. The results show that all the testing images are rated correctly, and this method achieves the automatic recognition and intelligent analysis of the central shrinkage defects of the continuous casting billets.

The subaerial exposure of the modern continental crust through time remains intensely debated, with estimates of the first exposure ranging from the late Archean to the Neoproterozoic. To constrain when and how much of the continental crust was exposed subaerially during Earth's history, we trained a supervised machine learning model on the compositions of modern subaerial and submerged basalts. Then, we applied this well‐trained model to a refined worldwide data set of basaltic compositions and calculated the mean proportions of basalts erupted subaerially since 3.8 billion years ago (Ga). Our results suggest that ∼20% of the basalts were exposed subaerially in the early Archean, which may have driven the synthesis of biopolymers crucial to the origins and evolution of life. The proportion of subaerial basalts increased markedly during two stages between the late Archean and the Paleoproterozoic before reaching the present‐day level no earlier than ∼1.8 Ga. Although land only covers about 30% of Earth's surface, it plays a crucial role in our planet's ecosystem by interacting with the ocean and atmosphere. Scientists are still debating when and how much land was above sea level throughout history. In our study, we used a machine learning technique to analyze the chemical compositions of basalts and classified rocks that formed on land and under water. We then used this program to study rocks from different times in Earth's history and estimate how much land was above the oceans over time. We found that about 15%–30% of the continents were above the oceans about 3.8 to 2.8 billion years ago (Ga). This may have helped life evolve by creating molecules essential for living things. The amount of land above water increased significantly during two periods between 2.8 and 1.8 Ga and reached today's level no earlier than 1.8 Ga. Improve the geochemical data quality of global basaltic rocksMachine learning can effectively classify subaerially and subaqueously erupted basaltsThe subaerial proportion of basalts may reach present‐day level at about 1.8 billion years ago to a maximum Improve the geochemical data quality of global basaltic rocks Machine learning can effectively classify subaerially and subaqueously erupted basalts The subaerial proportion of basalts may reach present‐day level at about 1.8 billion years ago to a maximum

The composition evolution and deformation of different non-metallic inclusions in a bearing steel during hot rolling were investigated by the automatic detection and the improved non-aqueous electrolysis method. Manganese sulfide, MnS–TiN, and liquid CaO–Al2O3inclusions were elongated while TiN and MgO⋅Al2O3were fractured during hot rolling. The CaS–MnS phase in the MgO–Al2O3–CaS–MnS inclusion was separated from the inclusion, leading to the formation of CaS–MnS type clusters. Meanwhile, the CaS and MnS contents in oxide-containing inclusions decreased while the MgO and Al2O3contents increased after hot rolling. The deformability of different inclusions in the bearing steel was quantitatively compared and discussed.

Large bubbles seriously reduce the efficiencies of the interactions between the bubbles and the molten steel, such as energy transfer, momentum transfer, mass transfer and chemical reaction. To reduce the size of the bubbles and increase the gas–liquid interface area, a novel non-intrusive method of bubble refinement was proposed, which only depends on the molten steel flow field controlled by the rotating electromagnetic field. The flow fields of the molten steel for bubble refinement were analyzed, and the corresponding bubble refinement was investigated. It was found that the molten steel formed obvious rotating turbulent flow for bubble refinement under the unidirectional rotating electromagnetic field. However, the large vortex in the center of the molten pool caused by the rotating flow made the bubbles aggregate and coalesce again, resulting in formation of larger bubbles and gas cavity. To suppress the central vortex formation and enhance the bubble refinement, the forward-reverse rotating electromagnetic field for bubble refinement was proposed. The irregular and chaotic flow occurred repeatedly because of alternating forward and reverse rotating in a short period, so that the turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation of the flow field always remained at a high level which favors bubble refinement. As a result, the bubble diameter can decrease by more than 50% compared to that without electromagnetic field. Furthermore, it is important that this non-intrusive kind of bubble refinement method completely avoids the introduction of non-metallic inclusions caused by intrusive configuration.

Objective: Cytogenetic abnormalities have been proven to be the most valuable parameter for risk stratification of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, studies on the prevalence of cytogenetic abnormalities and their correlation to clinical features in Chinese pediatric patients are limited, especially large-scale studies. Methods: We collected the cytogenetics and clinical data of 1541 children newly diagnosed with ALL between 2001 and 2014 in four Chinese hospitals, and retrospectively analyzed their clinical features, prognosis and risk factors associated with pediatric ALL. Results: All of these patients had karyotyping results, and some of them were tested for fusion genes by fluorescence in situhybridization or reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Overall, 930 cases (60.4%) had abnormal cytogenetics in this study, mainly including high hyperdiploidy (HHD, n=276, 17.9%), hypodiploidy (n=74, 4.8%), t(12;21)/TEL-AML1 (n=260, 16.9%), t(1;19)/E2A-PBX1 (n=72, 4.7%), t(9;22)/BCR-ABL(n=64, 4.2%), and t(v;11q23)/MLLrearrangements (n=40, 2.6%). The distribution of each cytogenetic abnormality was correlated with gender, age, white blood cell count at diagnosis, and immunophenotype. In addition, multivariate analysis suggested that t(v;11q23)/MLL rearrangements (OR: 2.317, 95%CI: 1.219–3.748, P=0.008) and t(9;22)/BCR-ABL(OR: 2.519, 95%CI: 1.59–3.992, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for a lower event-free survival (EFS) rate in children with ALL, while HHD (OR: 0.638, 95%CI: 0.455–0.894, P=0.009) and t(12;21)/TEL-AML1(OR: 0.486, 95%CI: 0.333–0.707, P<0.001) were independent factors of a favorable EFS. Conclusion: The cytogenetic characteristics presented in our study resembled other research groups, emphasizing the important role of cytogenetic and molecular genetic classification in ALL, especially in B-ALL.

Indirubin is considered to have promising potential in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability limit its clinical application. We produced indirubin-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (INPs) and characterized their drug encapsulation efficiency, drug-loading capacity, capacity to release indirubin in vitroand short-term physical stability. We also investigated the pharmacokinetics of INPs in mice. We then compared the curative effects of INPs and indirubin against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice and 3D cultured biopsies from patients with UC. In the mouse model, the outcomes of INP treatment, including the disease activity index and serous levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10, were significantly different from those of indirubin treatment. Similarly, when we administered INPs and indirubin to the ex vivocolonic tissues of patients with UC, the effect of INPs was stronger than that of indirubin for most antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biomarkers. The results of both the animal trial and ex vivoexperiment indicate that the therapeutic effect of indirubin was further enhanced by the carrier system, making it a highly promising medical candidate for UC.

In the Precambrian, reverse weathering—a process consuming oceanic silica, metal cations and alkalinity to form marine clays—was a key control of the long-term carbon cycle. However, the appearance of marine silicifiers decreased the importance of this process in regulating climate in the Phanerozoic eon. Here, we present seawater lithium and strontium isotope records derived from bulk carbonates and fossil brachiopods spanning the Permian to Early Triassic, an interval of pronounced climatic fluctuations and widespread extinctions. We show that the lithium isotope composition of seawater remained constant for most of the Permian until a sharp decrease in the Late Permian (~254 Myr ago) with low seawater Li isotope values (~10‰) persisting throughout the Early Triassic. Based on box modelling, changes in chemical weathering and hydrothermal fluxes are unable to explain the abrupt decline in seawater Li isotopes. Rather, increased lithium output fluxes through enhanced reverse weathering are required to produce the low Li isotope values of the Late Permian and Early Triassic (253–247 Myr ago). Increased reverse weathering rates could explain the failure of chemical weathering to draw down atmospheric CO2levels during the Early Triassic, leading to protracted biotic recovery from the Permian–Triassic mass extinction.

Now, lodging is a major constraint factor contributing to yield loss of maize (Zea maysL.) under high planting density. Chemical regulation and nitrogen fertilizer could effectively coordinate the relationship between stem lodging and maize yield, which significantly reduce lodging and improve the grain yield. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of chemical regulation and different nitrogen application rates on lodging characteristics, grain filling and yield of maize under high density. For this, we established a field study during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons, with three nitrogen levels of N100 (100 kg ha–1), N200 (200 kg ha–1) and N300 (300 kg ha–1) at high planting density (90 000 plants ha–1), and applied plant growth regulator (Yuhuangjin, the mixture of 3% DTA-6 and 27% ethephon) at the 7th leaf. The results showed that chemical control increased the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), tyrosine ammonia-lyase (TAL), 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL), and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), and increased the lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose contents at the bottom of the 3rd internode, which significantly reduced the lodging percentage. The lignin-related enzyme activities, lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose contents decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, which significantly increased the lodging percentage. The 200 kg ha–1nitrogen application and chemical control increased the number, diameter, angle, volume, and dry weight of brace roots. The 200 kg ha–1nitrogen application and chemical control significantly increased the activities of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), soluble starch synthase (SSS) and starch branching enzyme (SBE), which promoted the starch accumulation in grains. Additional, improved the maximum grain filling rate (Vmax) and mean grain filling rate (Vm), which promoted the grain filling process, significantly increased grain weight and grain number per ear, thus increased the final yield.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is considered an effective and safe treatment for patients with primary Meige syndrome (MS). Both the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus pars internus (Gpi) have been shown to be optional targets for electrode implantation to improve clinical symptoms, but the relationship between clinical outcomes and target is still unclear. The current study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of DBS with different electrode targets for primary MS. We performed a retrospective study to assess the clinical outcomes for 17 consecutive patients with primary MS in Wuhan Union Hospital from January 2016 to September 2019. Six patients were treated by Gpi‐DBS and 11 patients were treated by STN‐DBS. All patients were assessed before surgery and at the last follow‐up after surgery. The Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) including the movement and disability scales was used to evaluate the dystonia severity of the eyes, the mouth, speech, and swallowing. The median follow‐up duration was 30.1 ± 13.1 months (range 6 months–52 months). In our study, DBS improved the BFMDRS‐M scores by 70.52 ± 7.45% and the BFMDRS‐D scores by 70.51 ± 8.38% for patients with MS. STN‐DBS and Gpi‐DBS had similar effects not only on the BFMDRS‐M and BFMDRS‐D scores, but also on the subitems including eyes, mouth, speech, and swallowing. The stimulation voltage for the Gpi was significantly higher than that for the STN. The improvements were similar in the general anesthesia and local anesthesia groups (p> 0.05). The curative effects of STN‐DBS and Gpi‐DBS on patients with primary MS are similar. Both the STN and Gpi could be effective targets of DBS for primary MS.

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can provide atomically dispersed metal active coordination sites (M–NX, M–SX, and M–OX) for electrocatalytic reactions. Among them, MOFs with motif M–NXor analogues are expected to be promising active electrode materials for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Contrary to bulk MOFs, two-dimensional (2D) MOFs usually have high surface areas, fully exposed active sites, and specific electrical properties. Herein, we constructed 2D Ni3(hexaiminotriphenylene)2[Ni3(HITP)2] films on the electrode surface by utilizing the bottom-up liquid/liquid/gel tri-phase interface system and explored their potential applications in electrocatalytic OER. The thickness of the 2D Ni3(HITP)2films can be controlled to be about 5 nm. The prepared 2D Ni3(HITP)2films had oriented polycrystalline character and showed excellent performance in OER. A current density of 10 mA cm–2for 3-layer Ni3(HITP)2film electrodes was obtained at 1.62 V, which was 20 mV lower than that for the commercial IrO2catalyst. Electrochemical tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that better OER performance of 3-layer Ni3(HITP)2films was ascribed to their high electrochemically active surface area, better kinetic process, and fast ion diffusion and transport.

The accuracy of FRAX® as a screening tool to identify osteoporosis and how it compares with tools such as Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA), in Southeast Asian women has so far been unexplored. We aimed to determine the FRAX® thresholds that accurately identify densitometric osteoporosis and to compare its performance with that of OSTA for this purpose.

Objective: In order to generate induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) more efficiently, it is crucial to identify somatic cells that are easily accessible and possibly require fewer factors for conversion into iPSCs. Methods: Human epidermal melanocytes were transduced with lentiviral vectors carrying 3 transcription factors (OCT-4, KLF-4 and c-MYC, 3F) or 4 transcription factors (OCT-4, KLF-4, c-MYC and SOX-2, 4F). Once the clones had formed, assays related to stem cell pluripotency, including alkaline phosphatase staining, DNA methylation levels, expression of stem cell markers and ultrastructure analysis were carried out. The iPSCs obtained were then induced to differentiate into the cells representing the three embryonic layers in vitro. Results: Seven days after the transduction of epidermal melanocytes with 3F or 4F, clones were formed that were positive for alkaline phosphatase staining. Fluorescent staining with antibodies against OCT-4 and SOX-2 was strongly positive, and the cells showed a high nucleus-cytoplasm ratio and active karyokinesis. No melanosomes were found in the cytoplasm by ultrastructural analysis. There were obvious differences in DNA methylation levels between the cloned cells and their parental cells. However, there was not a significant difference between 3F or 4F transfected clonal cells. Meanwhile, the iPSCs successfully differentiated into the three germ layer cells in vitro. Conclusion: Human epidermal melanocytes do not require ectopic SOX-2 expression for conversion into iPSCs, and may serve as an alternative source for deriving patient-specific iPSCs with fewer genetic elements.

To clarify how shade stress affects lignin biosynthesis in soybean stem, two varieties, Nandou 12 (shade tolerant) and Nan 032-4 (shade susceptible) grew under normal light and shade conditions (the photosynthetically active radiation and the ratio of red:far-red were lower than normal light condition). Lignin accumulation, transcripts of genes involved in lignin biosynthesis, and intermediates content of lignin biosynthesis were analyzed. Both soybean varieties suffered shade stress had increased plant heights and internode lengths, and reduced stem diameters and lignin accumulation in stems. The expression levels of lignin-related genes were significantly influenced by shade stress, with interactions between the light environment and variety. The gene of 3-hydroxylase (C3H), cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR),caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT), and peroxidase (POD)attributed to lignin biosynthesis under shade stress, and the down-regulation of these genes resulted in lower caffeic, sinapic, and ferulic acid levels, which caused a further decrease in lignin biosynthesis. Under shade stress, the shade tolerant soybean variety (Nandou 12) showed stiffer stems, higher lignin content, and greater gene expression level and higher metabolite contents than shade susceptible one. So these characteristics could be used for screening the shade-tolerant soybean for intercropping.

ABSTRACTTraditional paocai brine (PB), which is continuously propagated by back-slopping and contains various species of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), is critical for the flavor of paocai. Culture-independent approaches are commonly used to investigate the microbial communities of fermented food. To evaluate the influence of different DNA (DNA) extraction methods on estimates of bacterial community profiles from 4 PBs, the lysis efficiency, DNA yield, purity and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles of V3 region of a 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene were acquired. The cell lysis pattern of SDS + beads and Lysing matrix E+ beads (methods 3 and 4) showed higher cell lysis efficiency than SDS and SDS + Lysozyme (methods 1 and 2) in all PBs. SDS + beads obtained the largest DNA yield of the 4 methods. Moreover, methods 3 and 4 resulted in higher H′ values and generated more global bacteria profiles than other methods. Overall, our results demonstrate that the properties of PB significantly affect the efficiency of DNA extraction methods. Methods 3 and 4 were both suitable for DNA extraction from PB. Method 3 is more economic, simple and rapid than method 4 for large-scale studies of the bacterial profiles of PB.

To investigate the feasibility and clinical utility of a compressed-sensing-accelerated subtractionless whole-body MRA (CS-WBMRA) protocol with only contrast injection for suspected arterial diseases, by comparison to conventional dual-pass subtraction-based whole-body MRA (conventional-WBMRA) and available computed tomography angiography (CTA).

The effect of pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure is used to analyze the capacity for right-turn lane at signalized intersection. Each cycle at the signalized intersection was divided into several periods. The effect of pedestrian and bicycle at each period was analyzed. The number of right-turn cars going through signalized intersection was calculated by using probability theory and mathematical statistics. The capacity under the effect of pedestrian and bicycle for right-turn lane at signalized Intersection was deduced. The calculated results were deduced by using the survey data of two signalized intersections at Jinan city. The mean difference values are 8% and 10.1%, compared with VISSIM simulation results. The comparisons show that this model can fully describe the effect of pedestrian and bicycle to signalized intersection.

Direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite ore based on biomass pyrolysis gases (CO, H2, and CH4), tar, and char was conducted to investigate the effects of reduction temperature, iron ore-biomass mass ratio, and reduction time on the metallization rate. In addition, the effect of particle size on the dephosphorization and iron recovery rate was studied by magnetic separation. It was determined that the metallization rate of the hematite ore could reach 99. 35% at iron ore-biomass mass ratio of 1: 0. 6, reduction temperature of 1100 °C, and reduction time of 55 min. The metallization rate and the aggregation degree of iron particles increase with the increase of reduction temperature. The particle size of direct reduced iron (DRI) has a great influence on the quality of the iron concentrate during magnetic separation. The separation degree of slag and iron was improved by the addition of 15 mass% sodium carbonate. DRI with iron grade of 89. 11%, iron recovery rate of 83. 47%, and phosphorus content of 0. 28% can be obtained when ore fines with particle size of — 10 μm account for 78. 15%.

Direct reduction of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite ore based on biomass pyrolysis gases (CO, H2, and CH4), tar, and char was conducted to investigate the effects of reduction temperature, iron ore-biomass mass ratio, and reduction time on the metallization rale. In addition, the effect of particle size on the dephosphorization and iron recovery rate was studied by magnetic separation. It was determined that the metallization rate of the hematite ore could reach 99. 35% at iron ore-biomass mass ratio of 1: 0. 6, reduction temperature of 1100 °C, and reduction time of 55 min. The metallization rate and the aggregation degree of iron particles increase with the increase of reduction temperature. The particle size of direct reduced iron (DRI) has a great influence on the quality of the iron concentrate during magnetic separation. The separation degree of slag and iron was improved by the addition of 15 mass% sodium carbonate. DRI with iron grade of 89. 11%, iron recovery rate of 83. 47%, and phosphorus content of 0. 28% can be obtained when ore fines with particle size of – 10 μm account for 78. 15%.

Background: Rare earth elements (REE) are a group of trace elements that behave geochemically coherently. REE fractionation patterns normalized to reference materials provide a powerful tool for documenting pedogenesis. In-soil processes are particularly difficult to illustrate with respect to contemporary and past climate conditions. In this study, we characterize the rare earth element (REE) contents in bulk soils and respective geochemical fractions (e.g., exchangeable, carbonate-bound, reducible, and oxidizable fractions) and to decipher the relationships between REE geochemistry components and climatic factors across a large-scale northern China transect (NCT). Results: Across the NCT, bulk REE concentrations ranged from 55.2 to 241.1 μg g−1with a main portion in the residual fraction (49–79%), followed by oxidizable fraction (2–40%), reducible fraction (3–22%), carbonate-bound fraction (0.1–16%), and negligible exchangeable fraction. The REE contents of geochemical components (carbonate-bound, reducible, and oxidizable) in topsoils correlated to climate factors (mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, potential evaporation, and aridity index (AI)). The normalized abundances to the upper continental crust (UCC) composition show that the middle REE was generally enriched than the light REE and heavy REE in topsoils along the transect. The overall UCC-normalized bulk REE patterns in topsoils and subsoils were similar, characterized by weak negative Ce anomalies and positive Eu anomalies. Conclusions: Our data in topsoils and depth profiles collectively suggest that cycling of REE was primarily regulated by abiotic processes in area with AI < 0.2, while the biological effect on REE circulation in soil played a more effective role in area with AI > 0.3. The similar UCC normalized patterns in topsoils suggest that the REE was originated from a common source with limited influences from other sources (e.g., atmospheric dusts and anthropogenic contributions). Our results to some extent provide evidence for climatic influence REE distribution patterns both in topsoils and subsoils across the continental-scale transect. Our investigation gives insights into future studies on vertical REE mobility and its associated biogeochemical pathways.

This paper introduces the structure and working principle of planar flexible bending joint .It uses compressed air to drive the deformation, which can realize elongation and bending. On the basis of force and torque balance analysis, the relationship between the elongation and bending angle of joint and the air pressure are acquired. Experimental system is constructed on the static experimental device. Due to the errors of manufacture technology, the correction coefficient is introduced. The statics model can better reflect the process of movement after introducing a correction factor.

Sea clutter is interference background in radar target processing. It is difficult to detect long-range weak target in sea clutter. Sea clutter signal changes complex, with high intensity. For close signal, radar receiver will overload and reach saturation point. We are interested in the most dynamic range for displaying target echo and fast changing component of clutter. By analyzing spatial and temporal correlation of sea clutter, slow changing component can be minus from sea clutter. The innovation of this paper is to propose a linear prediction error method for sea clutter to increase dynamic range of radar receiver. It prevents overloading and reaching saturation point at close range.

In order to achieve 600 meters radio frequency communication and 2-10 meters serial cable communication between remote controller and parking heater, the paper designed the hardware of remote controller and vehicle receivers. Select CC1100 as radio frequency chip, select PIC16F914, ATmega16L as remote control and receiver SPI control chip, select CE8301, LM117 as remote control and receiver power supply module. Finally, the circuit diagram of the receiver and remoter are designed.

The information security of wireless sensor networks is one of hot issues on the current research; this paper combines threshold key scheme with the management of security key sharing and group agreement and proposes dynamic key management scheme through clustering level key matrix of authentication mechanism from the cluster to node. The network is divided into different clusters, and the cluster head conducts the key authentication exchange and updates the key management with threshold key schemes, with no need of third authentication center, reduces the computing and communication costs, and promotes communication.

For Receiving-end AC system, DC location selection depends on its role in supporting the DC system and economy. This paper proposes a method based on multi-attribute decision making of receiving-end power grid DC location selection. First, the balance of power DC location selected by region; then select the optimal placement through multi-attribute decision making; finally checked by calculating the feasibility of the selected placement. Zha Lute DC Shandong receiving-end power grid placement choice proved the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Se concentration varies for different soil types, whether can be absorbed by plants is not related with the total amount of selenium, it is controlled by the bio-availability Se in soil. This paper is aim to look for the laws of the bio-availability Se in different soils, and find out an accuracy and effective method to extract the bio-available Se from different soil types. Digest the soil and tea leaves samples and used six methods (KH2PO4, NaHCO3, HAC, MgCl2, HCl, EDTA) to extract Se from the different soils, the result was measured by AFS. The mean values of total Se is 8.45μg/g in carbonaceous slates soil, 0.32μg/g and 0.41μg/g in malmstone soil, 0.78μg/g in shale soil. The maximum correlation coefficients (r) between the six extract methods and tea leaves about the extraction ratio of Se in four soils is 0.93188 with KH2PO4, 0.77097 and 0.83589 with NaHCO3, 0.84231 with HAC. So it can be indicate that the total Se contents is carbonaceous slates soil>shale soil>malmstone soil, the best extract method for carbonaceous slates soil, malmstone soil and shale soil are KH2PO4, NaHCO3, and HAC respectively.

In order to realize wireless remoter not only securely but also quickly data transmission in the public communication network, the Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA) encryption and decryption algorithm is studied in this paper and the properties of TEA are analyzed. According to communication protocol of remoter, encryption and decryption program process are designed. Because of TEA encryption, remoter transmitter and receiver can communicate strongly in the public communication network.

In this paper, concerning the current situation of software talents' fostering and training in China, and combining the practical conditions of Northeast Petroleum University software engineering, we have conducted research and practice from the following three aspects: innovation of curriculum system that meeting the society needs, student-oriented teaching methods innovation, construction of "double qualified" vocational teaching staff, school-enterprise cooperation and cultivation of individuality.

In order to improve thermal stability of Poly (Vinyl Chloride), a kind of thermal reversible cross-linking agents, the end cyclopentadienyl ethanethiol salts, sodium cyclopentadienyl ethyl mercaptan (CPD-C2H4SNa) was synthesized in this paper. The DSC results proved that the prepared CPD-C2H4SNa has obvious thermal reversible characteristics and the thermal reversible temperature was at 177 °C. The effects of cross-linking agent amount, cross-linking reactive time and temperature on flexible PVC compounds were evaluated through gel content testing. It was showed that the cross-linking agent with 3 Phr is optimum for PVC compounds. Moreover, both the cross-linking reactive time and temperature has effects on gel content of PVC compounds. The gel content of CPD-C2H4SNa cross-linked PVC compounds reaches maximum at 76% for 20 min at 160 °C.The static thermal stability of flexible PVC was measured according to congo red method. The results showed that the thermal stability of PVC compounds was enhanced with increasing cross-linking agent amount.

Traditional practice teaching has many disadvantages, especially the lack of the cultivation of the college students innovative ability. Under the drive of the new situation, to study and exploring practical teaching, through the practice of the new teaching and stimulate students interest in learning,cultivate students' project ability to demand analysis, general design and detailed design, at the same time, it can improve the students' team spirit and innovation ability.

An all-dielectric fishnet metamaterial (DFM) composed of multilayer dielectric structure with periodically patterned holes is proposed to generate left-handed behavior in optical frequency region. Different from the metallic fishnet negative index metamaterial realized by coupling the neighbouring functional layers along the propagation direction, this DFM owes its simultaneous negative permeability and permittivity to the hybrid coupled resonances in the same layer. Based on this configration, a wide-band and polarization-independent negative refraction with maximum figure of merit as large as 13.85 is obtained by a silicon-based DFM at 450 nm wavelength. Simple and easy to fabricate, this concept is believed to provide an alternative route to realize high-performance negative index metamateirals at optical frequencies.

An isotropic Mie resonance-based metamaterial perfect absorber with near unity absorbance is experimentally and numerically demonstrated. The metamaterial is constructed with an array of dielectric cubes and a metallic ground plane. A good agreement between experimental and simulated result at X band absorption is achieved, the absorptivities are 97% and 98% at 9.96 GHz, separately. The absorption peak of the metamaterial perfect absorber is dependent on the permittivity, the size and the array pattern of the dielectric particles. The Mie resonance of dielectric particles provides a novel mechanism for creating the electric and magnetic resonances and offers a simpler route for the isotropic metamaterial perfect absorber with near unity absorbance.

Reed Solomon code is described as a theoretical decoder that corrected errors by finding the most popular message polynomial. The Verilog language is applied to descript decoding algorithm. Cyclone series FPGA EP1C6Q240C8 is adopted as a core of hardware platform and a serial port communication part is used to receive input error correction data. The results show that it can successfully correct eight errors, which is the limitation of error correction. With the RS decoder, it can ensure that the strong error correction capability and fast speed.

This paper seeks to outline the concept and application of health monitoring system in aircraft structure. The focus is placed on the principles and methods of the structural health monitoring system, including SMART layers, electric potential method, Acoustic Emission, etc. The difference between the above monitoring methods is justified and clarified. Finally a perspective view on structural health monitor techniques is discussed.

The virus-induced mosaic Camellia reticulata cultivars in southwest China were identified, and evaluated for their ornamental value and bio-security in landscape. The results show that 11 virus-induced mosaic Camellia reticulata cultivars are found. The virus in mosaic leaves is spherical, with 30-50 nm in diameter. For the mosaic leaves, the chloroplasts are degraded in the yellow macular region, and the content of chlorophyll is significantly decreased. However, the virus-induced mosaic Camellia reticulata grow normally, and with significantly improved of visual appeal due to mosaic leaves. Further, the virus-induced mosaic Camellia reticulata have no bio-security threats to the main crops and other landscape plants. Thus, the virus-induced mosaic Camellia reticulata can be cultivated normally in the landscape in southwest China.