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Energy crises and shattered economies are common issues in developing countries. The World is looking for green energy sources that help achieve a green economy and also help to fight against global warming, a common issue faced by the globe. Domestic renewable energy plants are a potential green energy source that can help combat energy crises, dwindling economies, and global warming. We have pointed out that the adoption of renewable energy plants at a domestic level is low. Hence, we have collected a cross-sectional dataset from one of the developing countries. 756 useable responses were used to test the proposed hypotheses and rank them according to their normalized importance by using the SEM-ANN hybrid approach. Results revealed that awareness of renewable energy plants, facilitating conditions, environmental knowledge, social influence, and perceived expectancy of renewable energy plants have significant positive. In contrast, cost value significantly negatively influences the behavioural​ intentions of developing countries’ consumers. Results also revealed a significant moderation effect of gender in the adoption of renewable energy plants at a domestic level. Awareness about renewable energy plants is crucial in adopting renewable energy plants domestically. Study findings have significant theoretical contributions and policy suggestions for governments and other stakeholders that will help them combat the energy crisis and achieve a sustainable green economy.

It is difficulty to utilize the pore formation function of TiH2in the copper-based matrices of diamond tools due to the mismatch between dehydrogenation temperature and densification temperature. In this study, Cu–Sn–Ti porous materials were prepared by innovative powder pre-processing and two-step sintering processes. The results showed that Cu–Sn–TiH2powder with uniform composition, high alloying degree and high TiH2retention rate were achieved by optimizing pre-processing parameters. During the subsequent sintering process, Sn and Ti elements were precipitated from the copper matrix, leading to the formation of Ti-rich phases at grain boundaries and pore walls. Simultaneously, pores with higher sphericity and uniform distribution were formed due to the thermal decomposition of TiH2. The porosity, average pore size, bending strength, and bending elastic modulus of Cu–Sn–Ti porous material were measured as 30.6%, 2.15 μm, 245 MPa, and 2.23 GPa, respectively. The comprehensive properties were better than the reported results.

Cytokines are essential components of the immune system and are recognized as significant biomarkers. However, detection of a single cytokine is not precise and reliable enough to satisfy the requirements for diagnosis. Herein, we developed a pattern recognition-based method for the multiplexed sensing of cytokines, which involves three-color-emitting boronic acid-decorated carbon dots (BCDs) and arginine-modified titanium carbide (Ti3C2MXenes) as the sensor array. Initially, the fluorescence signals of the three BCDs were quenched by Ti3C2MXenes. In the presence of cytokines, the fluorescence intensity of the BCDs was restored or further quenched by different cytokines. The fluorescence response occurs in two steps: first, boronic acid interacts with cis-diol functional groups of cytokines, and second, arginine headgroup selectively interacts with glycans. By exploiting the different competing binding of the BCDs and the cytokines toward Ti3C2MXenes, seven cytokines and their mixtures can be effectively discriminated at a concentration of 20 ng mL–1. Furthermore, our sensor array demonstrated an excellent performance in classifying human oral cancer saliva samples from healthy individuals with clinically relevant specificity. The noninvasive method offers a rapid approach to cytokine analysis, benefiting early and timely clinical diagnosis and treatment.

The gut microbiota and the associated metabolism play a pivotal role in maintaining human health, yet their assessment is challenging due to their inherent diversity, variety, and complexity. Herein, we developed a multichannel sensor array based on a single fluorescent probe, allowing for rapid and robust profiling gut microbiota and their key metabolites including cysteine (Cys), glutathione (GSH), and homocysteine (Hcy). The assay leverages the single fluorescent probe that is with multiple binding sites and the cross-reactive sensing principle to specifically recognize different biological thiols. By analyzing the pattern of biological thiols, the assay is capable of rapidly identifying six gut-derived bacteria including probiotics, neutral, and pathogenic strains based on fluorescent fingerprints within 5 min, and also discriminating bacteria and their mixtures with different composition. Using the assay that enables the simultaneous measurement of multiple gut-derived bacteria and their metabolites, the designed array achieved an accuracy of 0.99 when discriminating colorectal cancer (CRC) patient feces samples from healthy individuals. Remarkably, the as-prepared sensor array can also be used to identify various stages of CRC. The simplicity, rapidness, and cost-effectiveness of our approach render it a robust platform for the analysis of gut microbiota.

Ambient temperatures trigger hospitalisation, mortality, and emergency department visits for myocardial infarction (MI). However, nonoptimum temperature-related risks of fatal and nonfatal MI have not yet been compared.

Herein, two new Sb3+-based phosphites, Sb2O2(HPO3) (I) and Sb2O(HPO3)2(II), were successfully obtained by ingeniously combining Sb3+-based polyhedra containing stereochemically active lone pair (SCALP) and HPO3polar groups. Both reported compounds exhibit unique 2D van der Waals layered structures, [Sb4O4(HPO3)2]∞and [Sb2O(HPO3)2]∞, respectively, which favors compounds with large optical anisotropy. Interestingly, the different curvatures of the two layers resulted in the two title compounds showing significantly different birefringences (0.079@546 and 0.046@546 nm, respectively). Both compounds endow wide optical band gaps (4.32 and 4.54 eV, respectively), which indicates their potential as promising ultraviolet (UV) birefringent crystals. The synthesis of the two title compounds enriched Sb3+-based phosphites in the UV region and provided guidance for the subsequent synthesis of superior optical materials.

Shrinking cities have become increasingly prevalent worldwide due to various factors, which pose serious challenges to affected areas in terms of population decline, economic decline, and spatial deterioration. While existing research studies have focused on identifying shrinking cities, there is a need for global projections to mitigate uncertainties in their growth trajectories. Spatially explicit population grids offer a new approach to identifying potentially shrinking cities with sufficient spatial resolution. By utilizing a global gridded population dataset from 2020 to 2100 under the SSP2 (Middle of the Road) scenario, we produce a global projection map for future shrinking cities. Among the total 19,024 natural cities, 9682 cities (50.9%) will face population decline and 1751 cities (9.2%) may lose more than half population by 2100. Cities in East Asia and East Europe may face serious population decline.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) holds great promise to be applied for cancer therapy in clinical settings. However, its poor therapeutic efficacy has limited its applications owing to the apoptosis-resistant mechanism of cancer cells. Moreover, the hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) also weakens the efficacy of immunotherapy in solid tumors. Therefore, reversing TME remains a formidable challenge. To circumvent these critical issues, we developed an ultrasound-augmented strategy to regulate the TME by utilizing an HMME-based liposomal nanosystem (HB liposomes), which can synergistically promote the induction of ferroptosis/apoptosis/immunogenic cell death (ICD) and initiate the reprograming of TME. The RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that apoptosis, hypoxia factors, and redox-related pathways were modulated during the treatment with HB liposomes under ultrasound irradiation. The in vivo photoacoustic imaging experiment showed that HB liposomes enhanced oxygen production in the TME, alleviated TME hypoxia, and helped to overcome the hypoxia of the solid tumors, consequently improving the SDT efficiency. More importantly, HB liposomes extensively induced ICD, resulting in enhanced T-cell recruitment and infiltration, which normalizes the immunosuppressive TME and facilitates antitumor immune responses. Meanwhile, the HB liposomal SDT system combined with PD1 immune checkpoint inhibitor achieves superior synergistic cancer inhibition. Both in vitro and in vivo results indicate that the HB liposomes act as a sonodynamic immune adjuvant that is able to induce ferroptosis/apoptosis/ICD via generated lipid-reactive oxide species during the SDT and reprogram TME due to ICD induction. This sonodynamic nanosystem integrating oxygen supply, reactive oxygen species generation, and induction of ferroptosis/apoptosis/ICD is an excellent strategy for effective TME modulation and efficient tumor therapy.

The chlorophyll content has a direct effect on photosynthesis of crops. In order to explore a quick and convenient method for estimating the chlorophyll content of Brassica napusand facilitate efficient crop monitoring, we measured the actual value of chlorophyll with a SPAD-502 chlorophyll detector, and collected aerial images of B. napuswith an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) carrying a RGB camera in this study. The total number of 270 samples collected images were divided into regions according to the planting conditions of different B. napusvarieties in the field. Then, according to the empirical formula, there were 36 colors’ characteristic parameters calculated and combined. To estimate the chlorophyll content of rape, 189 samples were included in the modeling set, while the other 81 samples were enrolled in the validation set for testing the accuracy of this model. After the combination of R (red), G (green) and B (blue) color channels, the results showed that the color characteristics B/(R ​+ ​G), b, B/G, (G-B)/(G ​+ ​B), g-b were highly connected with the measured value of chlorophyll SPAD, and the correlation coefficient between the combination based on B/(R ​+ ​G) and SPAD value was 0.747. With R2 = 0.805, RMSE = 3.343, and RE = 6.84%, the regression model created using random forest had superior outcomes, according to the model comparison. This study offers a new method for quickly estimating the amount of chlorophyll in rapeseed and a workable reference for crop monitoring using the UAV platform.

•Poor bike infrastructure poses risks, worsened by increasing e-bike ownership.•72.1% of Beijing cyclists use e-bikes, often without helmets or against traffic.•Mobile sensing efficiently collected data on 58.5 km of Beijing bike lanes.•Computer vision identified unsafe lanes, on-street parking and inadequate lighting.•Study guides bike lane design for regions with limited data or mixed bike types.

In this study, we focus on the quality of street space which has attracted high attentions. We discover associations between the quality of street space and built environment attributes through an ordered logistic model using massive street view pictures (SVPs) and data on street location, form, function and attributes. Before ascertain which built environment factors influence the quality of street space, we checked the concordance of the experts’ scores, as well as correlations between different dimensions through Kappa analysis and drew the distribution map of street space quality.We found that the value of intersection over union is 85.61% for scoring the street space quality by different people. The spatial quality of more than 75% streets are in the middle level with no obvious polarisation observed in the central area of Qingdao. In addition, for street quality index, all variables are statistically significant. The sequence is as follows: near-line rate > D/H ratio > slope > length of street > distance to administrative center > POIs diversity. The D/H ratio, near-line rate, slope length of street, distance to administrative center and POIs diversity have various associations on every dimension of street quality. They can prove useful for drafting more appropriate policy measures aimed at improving street quality.

We report a 30-year-old man involving gastrointestinal symptoms, vitreous opacity, and multiple cranial neuropathies. Transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis genetic testing revealed a rare c.251T > C variant p.(Phe84Ser). Only four cases with this variant have been reported before.

Urban spatial structure, which is primarily defined as the spatial distribution of employment and residences, has been of lasting interest to urban economists, geographers, and planners for good reason. This paper proposes a nonparametric method that combines the Jenks natural break method and the Moran’s Ito identify a city’s polycentric structure using point-of-interest density. Specifically, a polycentric city consists of one main center and at least one subcenter. A qualified (sub)center should have a significantly higher density of human activity than its immediate surroundings (locally high) and a relatively higher density than all the other subareas in the city (globally high). Treating Chinese cities as the subject, we ultimately identified 70 cities with polycentric structures from 284 prefecture-level cities in China. In addition, regression analyses were conducted to reveal the predictors of polycentricity among the subjects. The regression results indicate that the total population, GDP, average wage, and urban land area of a city all significantly predict polycentricity. As a whole, this paper provides an alternative and transferrable method for identifying main centers and subcenters across cities and to reveal common predictors of polycentricity. The proposed method avoids some of the potential problems in the conventional approach, such as the arbitrariness of thres hold. setting and sensitivity to spatial scales. It can also be replicated rather conveniently, as its input data, such as point-of-interest data, are widely available to the public and the data’s validity can be efficiently checked by field trips or other traditional data sources, such as land-use maps or censuses.

ABSTRACTOvarian cancer is a fatal gynecologic tumor, and conventional treatment is mainly limited by chemoresistance. The mechanism contributing to chemoresistance in ovarian cancer has yet to be established. This study aimed to investigate the specific role of circ_C20orf11 in regulating chemoresistance to cisplatin (DDP)in ovarian cancer. We first established two DDP-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines. Then, we identified the effect of circ_C20orf11 on specific cellular characteristics (proliferation, apoptosis, DDP resistance) via a series of experiments. The binding sites between circ_C20orf11 and miR-527 and between miR-527 and YWHAZ were predicted using a bioinformatics tool and confirmed with a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from DDP-resistant cell lines were identified, and the effect of EVs on macrophage polarization was examined. circ_C20orf11 was upregulated in ovarian cancer. Increased circ_C20orf11 expression enhanced DDP resistance and cell proliferation and reduced cell apoptosis in DDP-resistant cell lines after DDP treatment by sponging miR-527 and promoting YWHAZ expression. In addition, we found that DDP-resistant cell-derived EVs can induce macrophage M2 polarization, whereas silencing of circ_C20orf11 inhibited EV-induced macrophage M2 polarization. Consistent with these results, silencing of circ_C20orf11 enhanced sensitivity to DDP in vivo. Importantly, we proved that circ_C20orf11 expression was upregulated in EVs extracted from the serum of DDP-resistant patients. Our study demonstrated that silencing circ_C20orf11 sensitizes ovarian cancer to DDP by promoting miR-527/YWHAZ signaling and EV-mediated macrophage M2 polarization.

Neighborhood physical disorder (PD), characterized by disruptions and irregularities in spatial elements, is associated with negative economic, social, and public health outcomes. Here, we present a protocol to quantitatively assess PD utilizing a range of metrics. We describe steps for collecting street views, constructing detection models using the YOLOv8 deep learning model, calculating PD scores, and quantifying changes in PD across streets and cites. This protocol serves as a methodological foundation for assessing PD in different countries and regions.

As a key regulator of human physiology and metabolic processes, ribonuclease (RNase) A can be used as an important biomarker for predicting human disease occurrence. Hence, establishing sensitive methods for tracking RNase A activity in vitroand in living cells is of great importance. Herein, we present a convenient fluorescence method assisted by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and DNAzyme mediated fluorescence signal release for RNase A assay. The fluorescence change of the new method showed a positive linear relation with RNase A concentration in the range from 0.5 pg μL−1to 1 ng μL−1with a detection limit of 0.089 pg μL−1. By using this method to screen the effector of RNase A from natural compounds, the natural compound of B6 was found to stimulate RNase A activity in vitroand in vivo, the result of which was supported by the real-time imaging of RNase A in living cells. In summary, this fluorescence method with high sensitivity and specificity provides an alternative for RNase A activity assay and effector screening.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and occurs mostly with poor outcomes. Our objective was to endow synthetic lethality to the phytoconstituent chikusetsusaponin IVa methyl ester (CSME, S), a special phytoconstituent from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Panax japonicus, with the photodynamic agent chlorin e6 (Ce6, C) and enhance the therapeutic efficacy against breast cancer using cell membrane-coated liposome nanoparticles (liposome, L). The delivery system based on liposomes was camouflaged by a hybrid cell membrane (RBC membrane and cancer cell membrane, M) and RGD (R) surface modifications to improve the solubility, targeting and treatment outcomes of CSME. Our results showed the successful development of nanocomplexes with extended half-life, increased immune evasion and targeted ability at the tumor site and good antitumor activity without side effects to normal tissue. The anti-tumor mechanism of nanocomplexes is related to cell proliferation regulation and apoptosis induction. Overall, this drug-delivery system provides a good alternative for breast cancer therapy using a natural active phytoconstituent.

ABSTRACTMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proved to be involved in many biological processes during tumorigenesis and progression, including cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. However, the potential role of miR-26b-5p in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that miR-26b-5p was decreased in TSCC tissues in both TCGA-TSCC subset and eight paired samples from TSCC patients, while Proline Rich 11 (PRR11) was obviously increased. Transfection of miR-26b-5p mimics inhibited CALL7 cell proliferation by arresting the cells at the S/G2 transition. Meanwhile, miR-26b-5p inhibitor had the opposite biological functions. The results of luciferase activity and RNA-pulldown assays indicated that miR-26b-5p directly targeted the PRR11 3ʹ -untranslated region in CAL27 cells. Furthermore, the effects of miR-26b-5p on cell cycle regulation were reversed after treatment with siRNA against PRR11. In summary, our findings indicate that miR-26b-5p induce cell cycle arrest in TSCC by targeting PRR11. Hence, targeting miR-26b-5p could be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of TSCC.

Urban redevelopment is the reconstruction or upgrade of current urban built-up areas; it revitalizes old towns and contributes to sustainable development. This paper proposes a methodological framework that integrates open-source street networks and point-of-interest data and aims to identify and evaluate urban redevelopment at the block level from the perspective of urban form and function. It is found that (1) urban blocks can be categorized into eight groups regarding the spatial form of road junctions that have emerged within them over time, and blocks of each group share common features that can be automatically identified; (2) there are more blocks that have been morphologically redeveloped than functionally redeveloped, and the two types of redevelopments also significantly overlap with one another; and (3) the evaluation of urban redevelopment identification results presents a high accuracy rate that verifies the validity of the proposed framework. Based on the identification results, the impact factors of urban redevelopment are explored on both the inter- and intracity levels. The intercity analysis indicates that Chinese cities with a lower administrative level, lower urbanization rate, and higher density of road junctions tend to be associated with a higher proportion of urban redevelopment. Meanwhile, the intracity analysis attempts to determine which kinds of urban blocks are more likely to undergo urban redevelopment, which are found to be the blocks with lower points of interest density, a smaller distance to city centers, higher transit accessibility, a higher land use mixed index, and larger size.

A rationally designed near-infrared two-photon fluorescent probe (SDP-A) for selectively detecting cysteine (Cys) has been developed based on a newly designed conjugation-enhanced 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole derivative as the fluorophore, an acrylate moiety as the Cys reaction site, and an N-methylpyridinium scaffold as both the unit of organelle targeting and improving water solubility. The probe SDP-Aalone essentially emitted no fluorescence, whereas it achieved a superb near-infrared fluorescence emission (713 nm) enhancement within 15 min with a significant Stokes shift (302 nm) in the presence of Cys. The photoluminescence mechanism of the probe SDP-Atoward Cys was modulated by excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) processes. It exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity (LOD = 102 nM) for monitoring Cys over other analytes such as Hcy/GSH/H2S owing to a specific conjugate addition–cyclization reaction between Cys and the acrylate moiety. More importantly, the released fluorophore SDPexhibits elevated quantum yields (1.52–18.17%) in different solvents and strong two-photon excited fluorescence with a sizeable two-photon action cross-section (Φ) of 213.5 GM at 820 nm in acetonitrile–PBS medium, which is highly desirable for two-photon fluorescence imaging of the living samples. Therefore, SDP-Awas successfully applied to the imaging of Cys in live cells, zebrafish, mouse brain, and abdominal cavity down to a depth of more than 200 μm using a one/two-photon fluorescence microscope.

Zones, cells, and parcels have long been regarded as the main units of analysis in urban modeling. However, only limited attention has been paid to street-level urban modeling. The emergence of fine-scale open and new data available from various sources has created substantial opportunities for research on urban modeling at the street level, particularly for modeling the spatiotemporal process of urban phenomena. In this paper, the street is adopted as the spatial unit of an urban model, and a conceptual framework for such modeling based on cellular automata is proposed. The validity of the proposed framework is verified by an empirical application to the urban space within the Fifth Ring Road in Beijing from 2014 to 2018. The results show that the density of points of interest simulated by the cellular automata model for 2018 is basically consistent with the actual distribution according to direct observation, and there is no significant difference in the proportion of high, medium, and low points of interest density streets between different ring roads. In addition, the deviation rate and Kappa index are 0.1171 and 0.97, respectively, indicating the proposed model can replicate historical patterns well and predict the transition of points of interest density at the street level. Subsequently, we considered three scenarios, adopting 2018 as the base year and using the proposed model to simulate the distribution of points of interest density in 2022 and the changes in points of interest density from 2018 to 2022. The conceptual framework and empirical application also provide support for urban planning and design based on the integration of linear public space and big data.

Developing effective strategies to design novel, excellent birefringent materials has become an emerging challenge. Herein, we report a new UV nitrate birefringent material, CsHgNO3Cl2, which is an analogue of the known UV carbonate nonlinear optical crystal KCaCO3F. In CsHgNO3Cl2, a perfect layered structure was produced owing to the alliance of a planar π-conjugated anion NO3–and highly electropolarized Hg2+cation. The optimized layered structure that is beneficial in enlarging the optical anisotropy induced a large birefringence (Δn= 0.145@546 nm) for CsHgNO3Cl2, even superior to that of the well-known commercial birefringent material α-BBO in the UV region. The strategy that the optimization of planar functional group arrangement is able to boost birefringence is expected to guide the development of high-performance birefringent materials in the future, especially in the field of UV.

Two new antimony fluoride sulfates named A6Sb4F12(SO4)3(A = Rb, Cs) with unique crown-like clusters have been successfully synthesized by introducing Sb3+with a stereochemically active lone pair in the sulfate system through a facile hydrothermal method. The structure regulation induced by the cation sizes results in the symmetry difference in these two title compounds, i.e., Rb6Sb4F12(SO4)3crystallizing in the polar noncentrosymmetric (NCS) space group of P3 and Cs6Sb4F12(SO4)3in the centrosymmetric (CS) space group of P1̅. Detailed characterizations, including XRD, thermal behaviors, optical properties, and the theoretical calculations, for these two compounds have been performed. The discovery of the unique crown-like clusters observed in A6Sb4F12(SO4)3(A = Rb, Cs) enriches the diversity of structures for antimony sulfates systems. Simultaneously, a summary and comparison for all reported antimony halide sulfates has been made to illustrate the synergistic effect of the stoichiometric ratio and cation sizes on the macroscopic centricity and the framework structure, which will guide the systematical discovery of antimony(III)-based functional materials in future.

NADPH oxidases are enzymes that have been reported to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in animals, plants and many multicellular fungi in response to environmental stresses. Six genes of the NADPH oxidase complex components, including vvnoxa, vvnoxb, vvnoxr, vvbema, vvrac1and vvcdc24, were identified based on the complete genomic sequence of the edible fungus Volvariella volvacea. The number of vvnoxa, vvrac1, vvbemaand vvcdc24transcripts fluctuated with ageing, and the gene expression patterns of vvnoxa, vvrac1and vvbemawere significantly positively correlated. However, the expression of vvnoxband vvnoxrshowed no significant difference during ageing. In hyphae subjected to mechanical injury stress, both O2−and H2O2concentrations were increased. The expression of vvnoxa, vvrac1, vvbemaand vvcdc24was substantially upregulated, but vvnoxband vvnoxrshowed no response to mechanical injury stress at the transcriptional level. Additionally, the transcription of vvnoxa, vvrac1, vvbemaand vvcdc24could be repressed when the intracellular ROS were eliminated by diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) chloride and reduced glutathione (GSH) treatments. These results indicated a positive feedback loop involving NADPH oxidase and intracellular ROS, which might be the reason for the oxidative burst during injury stress.

The side effects of chemical drugs and multi-drug resistance are serious obstacles hindering efficient tumor therapy. Therefore, recently, the combination of chemo/photothermal therapy (CT/PT) has been adopted to address these issues using a low drug dosage. However, the development of multi-functional drug delivery systems with improved immune escape capability and enhanced drug accumulation at specific tumor tissues is still in its infancy. Herein, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified WS2nanosheets (WS2-PEG) were used as a nanocarrier scaffold for doxorubicin (DOX, D) loading and near-infrared fluorescence probe indocyanine green (ICG, I) doping. After surface modification with the erythrocyte membrane (M) and targeted folic acid (FA) molecule, a new biomimetic system (WID@M-FA NPs) with high biocompatibility, prolonged cycle time (3.6-fold longer than WID NPs) and remarkable near-infrared photothermal function was developed for a targeted cervical cancer therapy. The in vitroassay indicated that the photothermal effects caused by ICG upon laser irradiation not only enhanced the cellular uptake of the drug, but also enhanced its tumor cell killing efficiency. Moreover, the targeted accumulation of DOX at the cervical cancer tissue and the synergistic chemo/photothermal therapy finally resulted in tumor elimination to more than 95% without side effects to the normal tissues in vivo. Thus, these excellent preclinical results indicate that WID@M-FA NPs may be an efficient therapeutic modality for the treatment of cervical cancer.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution, marked by emerging/disruptive technologies like mobile internet, big data, robotics, artificial intelligence (AI), immersive media (VR/AR/MR), and the Internet of Things (IoT), is transforming cities and promoting urban development. This paper argues that these technologies foster urban studies and implementation in three pathways: methodology, epistemology, and practice. First, the new data environment offers a foundation for quantitative and objective urban studies, enabling researchers to treat cities as laboratories and conduct city experiments worldwide. Second, emerging technologies are reshaping contemporary urban life and space, promoting the update of urban theories. Third, these technologies are expected to be applied as new elements in the urban planning and design processes to create smart urban spatial forms that cater to contemporary needs. Overall, this paper highlights the potential significance of emerging technologies for urban research and development in terms of research methods and data support, theoretical updates and iterations, and practical urban planning and design.

The influence of urban design on economic vitality has been analyzed by a number of researchers and is also a key focus of many planning/design theories. However, most quantitative studies are based on just one city or a small set of cities, rather than a large number of cities that are representative of an entire country. With the increasing availability of new data, we aim to alleviate this gap by examining the impact of urban design upon economic vitality for the 286 largest cities in China by looking at a grid of geographical units that are 1 km by 1 km. We use these units and a set of new data (emerging big data and new data that reflecting urban developments and human mobility) to look at the impact of urban form indicators, such as intersection density (urban design), level of mixed use, and access to amenities and transportation, on economic vitality represented by activities using social media data. Our results show that these urban design indicators have a significant and positive relationship with levels of economic vitality for cities at every administrative level. The results contribute to a holistic understanding of how to improve economic vitality in cities across China at a detailed level, particularly at a time when China’s economic growth will depend largely on growth of the service sector in urban areas. We think these results can help decision makers, developers, and planners/designers to improve economic vitality in cities across China.

With the advances of imaging techniques, the detection rate of rare liver tumor is increased. However, the therapeutic strategies of the rare liver tumors remain limited.

China’s health gains over the past decades face potential reversals if climate change adaptation is not prioritized. China’s temperature rise surpasses the global average due to urban heat islands and ecological changes, and demands urgent actions to safeguard public health. Effective adaptation need to consider China’s urbanization trends, underlying non-communicable diseases, an aging population, and future pandemic threats. Climate change adaptation initiatives and strategies include urban green space, healthy indoor environments, spatial planning for cities, advance location-specific early warning systems for extreme weather events, and a holistic approach for linking carbon neutrality to health co-benefits. Innovation and technology uptake is a crucial opportunity. China’s successful climate adaptation can foster international collaboration regionally and beyond.