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2. A Novel Active Sampler Coupling Osmotic Pump and Solid Phase Extraction for in Situ Sampling of Organic Pollutants in Surface Water

Author

Lin, Kunde, Zhang, Ling, Li, Quanlong, Lu, Bingyan, Yu, Yue, Pei, Junxian, Yuan, Dongxing, and Gan, Jay

Abstract

Active samplers for ambient monitoring of trace contaminants in surface water are highly desirable, but their use is often constrained by power supply. Here, we proposed a novel solution by coupling an improved osmotic pump (OP) with a solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge to construct a power-free active sampler for organic contaminants. The OP simply consisted of two cylindrical chambers separated by a reverse osmosis membrane. We, for the first time, added ion-exchange resins into the OP inlet chamber and successfully constructed OPs with a smooth and constant flow. In the OP-SPE sampler, water was continuously drawn through the SPE cartridge at a constant flow, and time-weighted average concentration over the sampling course may be easily calculated from the amount of target analytes retained on the SPE cartridge and water collected in the sampler. The OP-SPE samplers were deployed in a river to detect herbicides, and the measured concentrations were largely in agreement with the average of 11 daily spot samples. Given that a wide range of SPE cartridges are available for different classes of organic contaminants, this approach is versatile and may find widespread applications for in situ sampling of surface water under different conditions, including poorly accessible locations.

Published
2019
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3. Mercury isotope signatures of seawater discharged from a coal-fired power plant equipped with a seawater flue gas desulfurization system.

Author

Lin, Haiying, Peng, Jingji, Yuan, Dongxing, Lu, Bingyan, Lin, Kunning, and Huang, Shuyuan

Subjects
MERCURY isotopes, SEAWATER, POWER plants, FLUE gas desulfurization, TRACERS (Chemistry)
Abstract

Seawater flue gas desulfurization (SFGD) systems are commonly used to remove acidic SO 2 from the flue gas with alkaline seawater in many coastal coal-fired power plants in China. However, large amount of mercury (Hg) originated from coal is also transferred into seawater during the desulfurization (De-SO 2 ) process. This research investigated Hg isotopes in seawater discharged from a coastal plant equipped with a SFGD system for the first time. Suspended particles of inorganic minerals, carbon residuals and sulfides are enriched in heavy Hg isotopes during the De-SO 2 process. δ 202 Hg of particulate mercury (PHg) gradually decreased from −0.30‰ to −1.53‰ in study sea area as the distance from the point of discharge increased. The results revealed that physical mixing of contaminated De-SO 2 seawater and uncontaminated fresh seawater caused a change in isotopic composition of PHg isotopes in the discharging area; and suggested that both De-SO 2 seawater and local background contributed to PHg. The impacted sea area predicted with isotopic tracing technique was much larger than that resulted from a simple comparison of pollutant concentration. It was the first attempt to apply mercury isotopic composition signatures with two-component mixing model to trace the mercury pollution and its influence in seawater. The results could be beneficial to the coal-fired plants with SFGD systems to assess and control Hg pollution in sea area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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