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The paper reveals original findings in agrobiodiversity, as part of the global biodiversity puzzle. The Grey Steppe cattle are endangered to extinction and are part of a genetic preservation program in Romania. The research approached the productive performance, the genetic determinism of milk production traits, studied on a Grey Steppe breed population nucleus of 30 individuals, throughout 4 productive cycles. The average milk yield in all 4 consecutive lactations reached 1858 kg per capita, while total lipids and proteins reached 4.41% and 3.56%. Recalculated for Maturity Equivalent, the production summed up 2197 kg milk (4.36% fat, 3.52% proteins). The electrophoresis profiling revealed 6 loci codifying the major proteins in milk: alpha-casein S1 (αS1-cz), beta-casein (β-cz), kappa-casein (K-cz), beta-lactoglobulin (β-lg), alpha-lactoglobulin (α-la) and alpha-casein S2 (αS2-cz). Apart from these, we identified a new allele in heterozygote state in two individuals of the studied population and we coded it αS1-CN IRV. The main lactoprotein is the kappa-casein (K-cz), identified with high heritability in the studied population (h² = 0.57 %), while the αS1 casein (αS1-cz) had intermediate capacity of transmittance across generations (h² = 0.29%). The Grey Steppe breed represents a valuable gene pool due to its high capacity of adaptation to local conditions, to its versatileness in using lower quality feed than other specialized breeds, as well as to its reproductive robustness and to its potential in bearing ancestral, undiscovered genes coding beneficial lactoprotein species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper presents the original results regarding a software programme for production and reproduction data management in dairy farms, used also in the accounting department and in the genetic breeding of bovine herds. A management system database - SGBD - which assures the independence of logical correlations between dates and their minimum redundancy - was used for this purpose. This provided a fast development and a cost-effective use of application programmes for data exploring from a complex structure and also fast access to the dates, providing them a very good security. Therefore, SGBD is an assembly of programmes which allow the users to interact with a database, designed for large amounts of information, whose management requires not only a rigorous structure but also a rational access and processing. The programme called “C.O.P & R.G” was designed and developed at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Iaşi, Romania and addresses to farmers and units dealing with accounting and improving the milk production of dairy cattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conservation and sustainable use of animal genetic resources was the subject of United Nation Convention from Rio de Janeiro since 1992 and International Treaty regarding phytogenetical resources for food and agriculture, in Romama, the conservation of genetic fund is scientifically accepted and applied somewhat in 1960 but at the time it has a legislative support Survey carries out on 33 cows were followed: milk yield indices per successive lactation body development indices at adult animals; intrapopulation genetic structure; genetic parameters. For estimating the genetic parameters has been used REML (Restricted Maximum Likelihood) method. From the productive point of view, milk yield ranges between 1493.36 kg and 2499.14 kg with variability over 28%. The average value for the size was 122.27 cm and body weight was 575.59 kg. Different studies shows average value for milk yield of 1624 kg for a mean of 216.54 days in 1947 at "AntonPaul"-llfov farm, 2172 kg in 1959 and 2310 kg in 196O, 1976 kg in 1963 at G. A. S Laza Vaslui, 1244 kg in 1961 at G.A.C "8 Mai" Săveni, Feteşti. The heritability coefficient (h²) has average value between 0.30-0.34 for the fat and milk quantity, and in case of fat percentage it may notice a strong genetic determinism. The studied population represents a valuable genetic fund, which must be preserved and ameliorated in the way of mixed production meat-milk and developed numerically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Often, for the sows's artificial seeding, literature recommends the use of a 3-5 billion mobile sperm / dose. This number is high compared with other species and is determined by the particularities of the uterus. With various techniques has tried to reduce the number of sperm \ dose without sowing depreciate results. Intrauterine insemination consists in semen laying in the uterine horn base, using a special catheter, simple and easy to handle. Avoiding the first obstacle for the spermatozoons, cervix, the method allow the spermatozoons number (insemination dose) decrease, without sow reproduction performance depreciation. Biological material was represented by Camborough primiparous and multiparous sows distributed in tow batches: · control batch (CB) -usual inseminated sows with 4 billions/dose mobile spermatozoons; · experimental batch (EB)-intrauterine inseminated sows, with 2 billions/dose mobile spermatozoons. Semen was diluted with diluent Merck III. Each sow was inseminated twice on heat cycle. Intrauterine inseminations lead to fecundity increasing (by 6,9%). Differences between groups were semnifictive (p <0.001). In both groups, the fecundity was lowest in summer season compared to others. Prolificity increase too (0,24 piglets/sow). Differences were not significant (p <0.05). Number of piglets wean was near regardless of insemination technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]