125 results on '"Martin, Graham"'
Search Results
2. Factors associated with longer wait times, admission and reattendances in older patients attending emergency departments: an analysis of linked healthcare data
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Maynou, Laia, Street, Andrew, Burton, Christopher, Mason, Suzanne M, Stone, Tony, Martin, Graham, van Oppen, James, and Conroy, Simon
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Background and objectiveCare for older patients in the ED is an increasingly important issue with the ageing society. To better assess the quality of care in this patient group, we assessed predictors for three outcomes related to ED care: being seen and discharged within 4 hours of ED arrival; being admitted from ED to hospital and reattending the ED within 30 days. We also used these outcomes to identify better-performing EDs.MethodsThe CUREd Research Database was used for a retrospective observational study of all 1 039 251 attendances by 368 754 patients aged 75+ years in 18 type 1 EDs in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England between April 2012 and March 2017. We estimated multilevel logit models, accounting for patients’ characteristics and contact with emergency services prior to ED arrival, time variables and the ED itself.ResultsPatients in the oldest category (95+ years vs 75–80 years) were more likely to have a long ED wait (OR=1.13 (95% CI=1.10 to 1.15)), hospital admission (OR=1.26 (95% CI=1.23 to 1.29)) and ED reattendance (OR=1.09 (95% CI=1.06 to 1.12)). Those who had previously attended (3+ vs 0 previous attendances) were more likely to have long wait (OR=1.07 (95% CI=1.06 to 1.08)), hospital admission (OR=1.10 (95% CI=1.09 to 1.12)) and ED attendance (OR=3.13 (95% CI=3.09 to 3.17)). Those who attended out of hours (vs not out of hours) were more likely to have a long ED wait (OR=1.33 (95% CI=1.32 to 1.34)), be admitted to hospital (OR=1.19 (95% CI=1.18 to 1.21)) and have ED reattendance (OR=1.07 (95% CI=1.05 to 1.08)). Those living in less deprived decile (vs most deprived decile) were less likely to have any of these three outcomes: OR=0.93 (95% CI=0.92 to 0.95), 0.92 (95% CI=0.90 to 0.94), 0.86 (95% CI=0.84 to 0.88). These characteristics were not strongly associated with long waits for those who arrived by ambulance. Emergency call handler designation was the strongest predictor of long ED waits and hospital admission: compared with those who did not arrive by ambulance; ORs for these outcomes were 1.18 (95% CI=1.16 to 1.20) and 1.85 (95% CI=1.81 to 1.89) for those designated less urgent; 1.37 (95% CI=1.33 to 1.40) and 2.13 (95% CI=2.07 to 2.18) for urgent attendees; 1.26 (95% CI=1.23 to 1.28) and 2.40 (95% CI=2.36 to 2.45) for emergency attendees; and 1.37 (95% CI=1.28 to 1.45) and 2.42 (95% CI=2.26 to 2.59) for those with life-threatening conditions. We identified two EDs whose patients were less likely to have a long ED, hospital admission or ED reattendance than other EDs in the region.ConclusionsAge, previous attendance and attending out of hours were all associated with an increased likelihood of exceeding 4 hours in the ED, hospital admission and reattendance among patients over 75 years. These differences were less pronounced among those arriving by ambulance. Emergency call handler designation could be used to identify those at the highest risk of long ED waits, hospital admission and ED reattendance.
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- 2023
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3. Understanding knowledge brokerage and its transformative potential: a Bourdieusian perspective
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Chew, Sarah, Armstrong, Natalie, and Martin, Graham P.
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- 2022
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4. Emergency care for older people living with frailty: patient and carer perspectives
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Regen, Emma, Phelps, Kay, van Oppen, James David, Riley, Peter, Lalseta, Jagruti, Martin, Graham, Mason, Suzanne M, and Conroy, Simon
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BackgroundLittle is known about how frailty impacts on older people’s experiences of emergency care, despite patient experience being essential to providing person-centred care. This qualitative study reports on the experiences of older people with frailty in the ED and their and their carers’ preferences for emergency care.MethodsOlder people (aged 75+ years) who were at least mildly frail and/or their carers, with current or recent experience of emergency care, were recruited from three EDs in England between January and June 2019. Data were collected via semi-structured in-depth interviews which explored participants’ views on their recent experience of emergency care and their priorities and preferred outcomes. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed following the principles of the Framework approach.ResultsForty participants were interviewed: 24 patients and 16 carers who, between them, described ED attendances for 28 patients across the three sites. Often informed by previous negative experiences, there was a strong desire to avoid conveyance to EDs, and a sense of helplessness or acquiescence to attend. Although staff attitudes were on the whole seen as positive, the ED experience was dominated by negative experiences relating to very basic issues such as a lack of help with eating, drinking, toileting and discomfort from long waits on hard trolleys. Participants reported that communication and involvement in decision making could be improved, including involving next of kin, who were viewed as critical to supporting vulnerable older people during sometimes very protracted waits.ConclusionFrailty reflects a vulnerability and a need for support in basic activities of daily living, which EDs in this study, and perhaps more widely, are not set up to provide. Changes at the levels of clinical practice and service design are required to deliver even the most basic care for older people with frailty in the ED environment.
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- 2022
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5. Effectiveness of a national quality improvement programme to improve survival after emergency abdominal surgery (EPOCH): a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial
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Peden, Carol J, Stephens, Tim, Martin, Graham, Kahan, Brennan C, Thomson, Ann, Rivett, Kate, Wells, Duncan, Richardson, Gerry, Kerry, Sally, Bion, Julian, Pearse, Rupert M, Pearse, Rupert, Peden, Carol, Stephens, Tim, Bion, Julian, Martin, Graham, Thomson, Ann, Kahan, Brennan, Kerry, Sally, Rivett, Kate, Wells, Duncan, Richardson, Gerry, Brett, Stephen, Ackland, Gareth, Grocott, Mike, Holt, Peter, Robert, Glenn, Ukoumunne, Obioha, Waring, Justin, Everingham, Kirsty, Phull, Mandeep, Cromwell, David, Evley, Rachel, Lilford, Richard, Kocman, David, Asaria, Miqdad, Waring, Justin, Tarrant, Carolyn, Yang, Fan, Abraham, Ajit, Bothma, Pieter, Conway, Daniel, Stapleton, Clare, Edwards, Mark, Minto, Gary, Saunders, David, Owen, Tom, Waldmann, Carl, Hayden, Paul, Gillies, Michael, Tighe, Sean, Smith, Neil, Mythen, Monty, Murray, David, Lobo, Dileep, Leuwer, Martin, Kirk-Bayley, Justin, Howell, Simon, Gordon, Anthony, Anderson, Iain, Lourtie, Jose, Walker, Simon, Drake, Sharon, Murray, Dave, Watson, Nick, Szakmany, Tamas, Sutcliffe, Robert, Martin, Graham, Mahajan, Ravi, Girling, Alan, Forbes, Gordon, Faiz, Omar, Blunt, Mark, Singh, Surjait, Steel, Alistair, Wong, Kate, Cabreros, Leilani, Bothma, Pieter, Chitre, Vivek, Obideyi, Ayodele, Ali, Dhiraj, Blenk, Karl, Broad, Dan, Brodbeck, Andreas, Dumpala, Rajesh, Engel, Arnth, Ganepola, Ranjit, Garg, Sudha, Gay, Mike, Karlikowsk, Michael, Lams, Edward, Millican, Dean, Misane, Inga, Mull, Ajaya, Naik, Veena, Pushpa, Nathan, Nutt, Chris, Sagadai, Saravanna, Stuart, Hazel, Noble, Paul, Van De Velde, Niko, Hudson, Liam, Benlloch, Raoul, Singh, Satish, Verma, Karan, Laba, Damian, Carmichael, Jack, Richardson, Peter, Wilson, Graham, Lewis, Ricky, Surendran, Karthik, El-Damatty, Essam, Gurung, Sarada, Raulusaite, Ilona, Gerstina, Nabua, Rochester, Chloe, Kuldip, Rai, Lindner, Andrew, Murray, Therese, Vivek, Chitre, Lal, Roshan, Downey, Sarah, Velchuru, Vamsi, Aryal, Kamal, Guruswamy, Raman, Shankar, Kirosh, Porter, Helen, Tutton, Matthew, Agostini, Helen, Fletcher, Simon, Wharton, Richard, Hutchinson, Steve, Maiya, Bala, Howard-Griffin, Richard, Crabtree, Michael, Kushakovsky, Vlad, Omer, Abdel, Nadarajavan, Senthil, Bell, Stephanie, Patil, Vishal, Jah, Asif, Mahroof, Razeen, Watson, Nicholas, Tansley, John, Moncaster, Gareth, Flint, Neil, Miller, Andrew, Wood, Marcus, Prematie, Andreou, Roth, Sally, Bowery, Sarah, Hales, Dawn, Shah, Tanuja, Tierney, Gill, Morris, Craig, Iftikhar, Syed, Shukla, Amit, O'Dwyer, Grainne, Wolverson, Adam, Adams, Ferdinand, Perrin-Brown, Laura, White, Tim, Beavis, Sarah, Banks, Victoria, Abercrombie, John, Mole, Jonathon, Chana, Avninder, Banerjea, Ayan, Humes, David, Dhingsa, Rajpal, Wells, John, Brown, Stephanie, Adegoke, Kenneth, Tofte, Barclay, Alegria, Ana, Natarajan, Nat, Akhtar, Mansoor, Doughan, Samer, Mackinnon, John, Aravind, Biju, Cook, Esther, Snazelle, Mark, Gardner, Matt, Baldwin, Lee, Bailey, Simon, Lawton, Greg, Divekar, Nandita, Kukreja, Neil, Sange, Mansoor, Watson, Mark, Satisha, Mallikarjunappa, Protopapas, Michael, Belagodu, Zakaulla, Sarfi, Shameem, Raju, Pasupathy, Stacey, Brenda, Campbell-Smith, Tim, Parrington, Simon, Desikan, Somi, Brennan, Andrew, Griffith, John, Fletcher, Steve, Farrow, Catherine, Prestwich, Stewart, Graham, Laura, Northey, Martin, Gokhale, Jay, Mosley, Frances, Alexander, Peter, Sharma, Abhiram, Brady, Will, Hopper, John, Hill, Oliver, Varma, Sandeep, Macklin, Christopher, Rose, Alastair, Narula, Harjeet, Buckley, Sarah, Simeson, Karen, Sim, Kevin, Chadwick, Michael, Kuduvalli, Preeti, Dowling, Susan, McCairn, Amanda, Wilson, Lawrence, Vimalchandran, Dale, Jhamatt, Anita, Robin, Nicole, Monk, David, Leuwer, Martin, Bottomley, David, Zuzan, Oliver, Welters, Ingeborg, Ross-Anderson, Davina, Knowles, Charles, Bunker, Nick, Hu, Ying, Januszewska, Marta, Bodger, Phoebe, Niebrzegowska, Edyta, Correia, Carmen, Haslop, Richard, Abbott, Tom, Tanqueray, Tabitha, Wijeykoon, Sanjay, Jain, Susan, Full, Jens, Cuming, Tamzin, Bailey, Flora, Chatzimichail, Stelios, Cunha, Pedro, Rehman, Almas, Mohanty, Manab, Radford, Nicola, Mohr, Otto, Patel, Hitesh, Mateo, Dolores, Raj, Ashok, Machesney, Michael, Abdul, Nazar, Jemmet, Kim, Campbell, Marta, Inglis, David, Parker, Thomas, Medici, Thomas, Chan, Peter, Borgeaud, Nathan, Mukherjee, Dipankar, Odejinmi, Oluremi, Jovaisa, Tomas, Harwood, Elizabeth, Moonesinghe, Ramani, Mccullough, Jonathan, Modha, Jigna, Patel, Sanjiv, Limb, James, Bengeri, Sheshagiri, Rafi, Amir, Hall, Elizabeth, Brown, James, Gibson, Bruce, McNelis, Una, Bradburn, Mike, Lawson, Maria, Pick, Sara, Gaughan, Matthew, Browell, David, Linnett, Vanessa, Ritzema, Jenny, O'Loughlin, Paul, Cope, Sean, Corson, John, Roy, Alistair, Furneval, Julie, Holtham, Anitha, Noblett, Sophie, Dawson, Chris, Hall, Elizabeth, Bradburn, Mike, McMenemie, Fiona, Saunders, David, Pulsa, Stefan, Clement, Ian, Calder, Verity, Allen, Katherine, Rimmer, Catherine, Reed, Helen, Boyd, Christine, Monkhouse, Diane, Davies, Peter, Mullenheim, Jost, Cirstea, Emanuel, Cain, Martyn, Baillie, Kirsty, Owen, Tom, Bhowmick, Arnab, Jovestani, Keiarash, Mcmullan, Sean, Durant, Emma, Williams, Alexandra, Doyle, Donna, Cupitt, Jason, Barker, Jonathon, Harper, Nick, Brennan, Emma, Subar, Daren, Shawcross, Robert, Sebastian, Dominic, Patel, Panna, O'Connell, Gillian, Karvonen, Jyrki, Ishaan, Maitra, Hool, Alison, Burns, Karen, Mcarthur, Carol, Stergios, Tezas, Gursevak, Singh, Sonia, Makvana, Pratt, Heather, Lynne, Kaighan, McAfee, Sean, Lewis, Chris, Khalaf, Wael, Coldwell, Chris, Bronder, Christine, Wilkinson, Mark, Davis, Emma, Arnold, Glenn, Ziprin, Paul, Bartlett, Rachel, Stotz, Martin, D'souza, Rovan, Pemberton, Phillippa, Agarwal, Banwari, Sugavanam, Anita, Tan, Melanie, Varcada, Massimo, Lyness, Craig, Thorniley, Andrew, Prabhudesai, Ash, Griffin, Ruth, Vashisht, Shubha, Harris, James, Wakeford, Julie, Vaganov, Sergei, Mohsen, Yasser, Myers, Alister, Iqbal, Qamar, Harris, Simon, Ijaz, Sami, Burrow, James, Ziprin, Paul, Rubulotta, Francesca, Burrow, James, El-Masry, Nabil, Stranix, Nicola, Rope, Tamsin, Liasis, Lampros, Husain, Tariq, Watfah, Josef, Griffiths, Megan, Warusavitarne, Janindra, Cartwright, Charles, Baxter, Linden, Visavadia, Rakhee, Sim, Malcolm, Wilson, Chris, Harrison, Paul, Williams, Dewi, Bews-Hair, Maria, Wrathall, Wayne, Jardine, Catherine, Mclaren, Paul, Dreyer, Fanus, Collins, Paddy, Edwards, Jennifer, Moug, Susan, Rooney, Kevin, Mcilveen, Erin, Henderson, Steven, Graham, Linda, Stark, Gail, Taylor, Lynn, Munro, Mark, Stewart, Lynn, Dickinson, Natalie, Rooney, Laura, Bailey, Lindsay, Murray, Diane, Geary, Tim, Gibson, Simon, Pow, Colin, Tan, Kerwei, Stevenson, Richard, Harrison, Ewen, Lamb, Peter, Carey, Kate, Fitton, Laura, Cook, Fabian, Schwarz, Magen, Morrison, Alan, Bryce, Gavin, Razouk, Khaled, Cain, Kathryn, Kunst, Gudrun, Papagrigoriadis, Savvas, Hopkins, Phil, Fawcet, Adrian, O'Carroll-Kuehn, Britta, Girgis, Amira, Janokowski, Stas, Farhat, Sami, Vig, Stella, Hadi, Nada, Parsons, Anthony, Cecconi, Maurizio, Melville, David, Hartopp, Richard, Woods, Justin, Karat, Isabella, Gerrard, David, Curtis, Edward, Somasekar, Krishnamurthy, Morgan-Jones, Tom, Martin, Michael, Henwood, Mark, Milne, Gordon, Sivasankaranand, Ajit, Scott, Alexandra, Escofet, Xavier, Toth-Tarsoly, Piroska, Al Shama, Majed, Hilton, Valerie, Davis, Huw, Williams, Gail, Harvard, Tim, Fitzgerald, Peter, Hurford, Dom, Szakmany, Tamas, Muthuswamy, Babu, Williams, Gethin, Parry Jones, Jack, Mason, Nick, Rajagopal, Ramesh, Shenoy, Shrisha, Khater, Magdy, Morgan, Richard, Makris, Nikolaos, Hermandes, Anil, White, Andrew, Finch, Guy, Outram, Matt, Wilkinson, Jonny, Spimpolo, Jennifer, Shaw, Debbie, Obichere, Marion, Brescia, Giovanni, Menezes, Flavia, Stafford, Helena, Watters, Malcolm, Thorn, Chris, Stone, Julian, Andrews, Sam, Lythell, Nicola, Langton, Helen, Stapleton, Clare, Baxter, Stephen, Fernandes, Roy, Sunthareswaran, Rame, Ankers, Alastair, Panikkar, Kumar, Sleight, Simon, Cornforth, Belinda, Bell, Louise, Dodd, Phil, Welsh, Fenella, Watson, Geoff, Dorman, Frankie, Nash, Guy, Bromilow, James, Haigh, Fran, Pogson, David, Mercer, Stuart, Tucker, Vanessa, Way, Carolyn, Kirby-Bott, James, McLachan, Jenny, Chambers, Rob, Craven, Rachael, Blazeby, Jane, Freshwater-Turner, Dan, Burrows, Lorna, Howes, Helen, Christie, Iain, Coleman, Mark, Minto, Gary, Waddy, Sam, Sanders, Grant, Patrick, Abigail, Pitman, Catherine, Tyson, Susan, Smith, Hannah, Rousseau, Guy, Cartmell, Mark, Hanousek, Jan, Hollister, Nigel, Kightly, Lynsey, Pulletz, Mark, Talwar, Anjay, Baker, Susie, Thomas, Ruth, Gibbs, Richard, Noble, Hamish, Silsby, Joseph, Black, Helen, Evans, Thomas, DeBrunner, Robert, Cook, Nicola, Hodges, Stacy, Stevens, Amanda, Felipe, Rowena, Paddle, Jonathan, May, Denzil, Pickford, Alison, Riddington, Sid, Tucker, Olga, Smart, Simon, Marwick, Jeremy, Suggett, Nigel, Griffiths, Ewen, Riddington, David, Gill, Kathryn, Cruickshank, Neil, Susarla, Jay, Leno, Emma, Colley, Julie, Burtenshaw, Andrew, Lake, Stephen, Greenwood, Jamie, Bhardwaj, Sian, Thrush, Jessica, Wollaston, Julie, Sonksen, Julian, Patel, Rajan, Jennings, Adrian, Stanley, David, Wright, Jenny, Horner, Chris, Baig, Faisal, Cooke, Katie, Singh, Jagdeep, Claxton, Andrew, Mirza, Nazzia, Hester, Simon, Knight, Georgia, Kumar, Peeyush, Saran, Taj, Marangoni, Gabriele, Townsend, Roger, Thacker, Andy, Scase, Anne, Sharma, Meghna, and Hale, Beth
- Abstract
Emergency abdominal surgery is associated with poor patient outcomes. We studied the effectiveness of a national quality improvement (QI) programme to implement a care pathway to improve survival for these patients.
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- 2019
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6. Improving Employee Voice About Transgressive or Disruptive Behavior: A Case Study.
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Dixon-Woods, Mary, Campbell, Anne, Martin, Graham, Willars, Janet, Tarrant, Carolyn, Aveling, Emma-Louise, Sutcliffe, Kathleen, Clements, Janice, Carlstrom, Michelle, and Pronovost, Peter
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- 2019
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7. Appropriate Usage of Face Masks to Prevent SARS-CoV-2: Sharpening the Messaging Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Escandón, Karina, Martin, Graham P., Kuppalli, Krutika, and Escandón, Kevin
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- 2021
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8. How the Availability of Observation Status Affects Emergency Physician Decisionmaking.
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Wright, Brad, Martin, Graham P., Ahmed, Azeemuddin, Banerjee, Jay, Mason, Suzanne, and Roland, Damian
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Study Objective: This study seeks to understand how emergency physicians decide to use observation services, and how placing a patient under observation influences physicians' subsequent decisionmaking.Methods: We conducted detailed semistructured interviews with 24 emergency physicians, including 10 from a hospital in the US Midwest, and 14 from 2 hospitals in central and northern England. Data were extracted from the interview transcripts with open coding and analyzed with axial coding.Results: We found that physicians used a mix of intuitive and analytic thinking in initial decisions to admit, observe, or discharge patients, depending on the physician's individual level of risk aversion. Placing patients under observation made some physicians more systematic, whereas others cautioned against overreliance on observation services in the face of uncertainty.Conclusion: Emergency physicians routinely make decisions in a highly resource-constrained environment. Observation services can relax these constraints by providing physicians with additional time, but absent clear protocols and metacognitive reflection on physician practice patterns, this may hinder, rather than facilitate, decisionmaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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9. Improving Employee Voice About Transgressive or Disruptive Behavior: A Case Study
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Dixon-Woods, Mary, Campbell, Anne, Martin, Graham, Willars, Janet, Tarrant, Carolyn, Aveling, Emma-Louise, Sutcliffe, Kathleen, Clements, Janice, Carlstrom, Michelle, and Pronovost, Peter
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- 2019
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10. Three Observations for Improving Efforts in Surgical Quality Improvement
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Ko, Clifford Y., Martin, Graham, and Dixon-Woods, Mary
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- 2022
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11. Incidence of Malignancy and Myoma Variants at Surgery for Presumed Benign Symptomatic Myomas.
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Damasco, Monique Ramos, Chan, Pui-Wan Kiri, Slonim, Marnie, Ang, Woun-Eng Catarina, and Healey, Martin Graham
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STUDY OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of leiomyosarcoma; other uterine pathologies; and the frequency of use of morcellation, both mechanical and manual in laparoscopic, vaginal, and laparotomy operative routes in women undergoing hysterectomy or myomectomy for benign gynecologic indications when myomas were present.
Design: A retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3).Setting: The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.Patients: All hysterectomies and myomectomies (any route) for a 10-year period from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2013, for presumed benign gynecologic indications.Interventions: Hysterectomy or myomectomy, any route.Measurements and Main Results: From January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2013, a total of 2790 hysterectomies and myomectomies were performed for presumed benign disease. Myomas were present in 1878 cases. There were no cases of leiomyosarcoma identified, giving an incidence of 0% (95% confidence interval, 0%-0.20%). There were 73 (4%) cases of benign variants, of which 2 (3%) displayed metastatic behavior. There were 11 cases of unexpected malignancy (0.6%).Conclusion: There were no confirmed cases of leiomyosarcoma over the 10-year period in women requiring surgery for presumed benign disease in the presence of myomas. There was a low but significant rate of unexpected gynecologic malignancy and a higher than expected rate of clinically significant adverse outcomes with manually morcellated cellular myoma variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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12. The Safer Delivery of Surgical Services Program (S3): Explaining Its Differential Effectiveness and Exploring Implications for Improving Quality in Complex Systems.
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Flynn, Lorna C., McCulloch, Peter G., Morgan, Lauren J., Robertson, Eleanor R., New, Steve J., Stedman, Francesca E., and Martin, Graham P.
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Objective: To analyze the challenges encountered during surgical quality improvement interventions, and explain the relative success of different intervention strategies. Summary Background Data: Understanding why and how interventions work is vital for developing improvement science. The S3 Program of studies tested whether combining interventions addressing culture and system was more likely to result in improvement than either approach alone. Quantitative results supported this theory. This qualitative study investigates why this happened, what aspects of the interventions and their implementation most affected improvement, and the implications for similar programs. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with hospital staff (23) and research team members (11) involved in S3 studies. Analysis was based on the constant comparative method, with coding conducted concurrently with data collection. Themes were identified and developed in relation to the program theory behind S3. Results: The superior performance of combined intervention over single intervention arms appeared related to greater awareness and ability to act, supporting the S3 hypothesis. However, we also noted unforeseen differences in implementation that seemed to amplify this difference. The greater ambition and more sophisticated approach in combined intervention arms resulted in requests for more intensive expert support, which seemed crucial in their success. The contextual challenges encountered have potential implications for the replicability and sustainability of the approach. Conclusions: Our findings support the S3 hypothesis, triangulating with quantitative results and providing an explanatory account of the causal relationship between interventions and outcomes. They also highlight the importance of implementation strategies, and of factors outside the control of program designers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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13. How Well Is Quality Improvement Described in the Perioperative Care Literature? A Systematic Review.
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Jones, Emma L., Lees, Nicholas, Martin, Graham, and Dixon-Woods, Mary
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- 2016
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14. Mind full or mindful: a report on mindfulness and psychological health in healthy adolescents.
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Tan, Lucy B.G. and Martin, Graham
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MENTAL health of teenagers ,MINDFULNESS ,AWARENESS ,COGNITIVE ability ,ANXIETY ,MENTAL health - Abstract
Mindfulness is defined as a non-judgemental awareness and accepting of present-moment experience. With intentional attendance to one's ongoing stream of thoughts, sensations and emotions as they arise, it allows the individual to react with less impulsivity and flexibility. However, empirical findings of mindfulness to date have largely been confined to outcome studies using clinical populations. This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between mindfulness, self-esteem, resiliency and mental health symptoms (anxiety, stress, depression and cognitive inflexibility) in a sample of 106 healthy adolescents. Participants completed a set of questionnaires. First, we found moderate effect size for anxiety, depression and self-esteem and large effect size for cognitive inflexibility. These results, when compared with clinical samples, demonstrated similar trends found in a healthy adolescent sample. Second, predictive value of mindfulness was examined and we found significant contribution of mindfulness to mental and psychological health. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2016
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15. Institutional Complexity and Individual Responses: Delineating the Boundaries of Partial Autonomy
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Martin, Graham, Currie, Graeme, Weaver, Simon, Finn, Rachael, and McDonald, Ruth
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Research highlights how coexisting institutional logics can sometimes offer opportunities for agency to enterprising actors in organizational fields. But macro- and micro-level studies using this framework diverge in their approach to understanding the consequences of institutional complexity for actor autonomy, and correspondingly in the opportunities they identify for agents to resist, reinterpret or make judicious use of institutional prescriptions. This paper seeks to bridge this gap, through a longitudinal, comparative case study of the trajectories of four ostensibly similar change initiatives in the same complex organizational field. It studies the influence of three dominant institutional logics (professional, market and corporate) in these divergent trajectories, elucidating the role of mediating influences, operating below the level of the field but above that of the actor, that worked to constrain or facilitate agency. The consequence for actors was a divergent realization of the relationship between the three logics, with very different consequences for their ability to advance their interests. Our findings offer an improved understanding of when and how institutional complexity facilitates autonomy, and suggests mediating influences at the level of the organization and the relationship it instantiates between carriers of logics, neglected by macro- and micro-level studies, that merit further attention.
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- 2017
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16. The Safer Delivery of Surgical Services Program (S3): Explaining Its Differential Effectiveness and Exploring Implications for Improving Quality in Complex Systems
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Flynn, Lorna C., McCulloch, Peter G., Morgan, Lauren J., Robertson, Eleanor R., New, Steve J., Stedman, Francesca E., and Martin, Graham P.
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Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text
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- 2016
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17. Mental health lived experience academics in tertiary education: The views of nurse academics.
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Happell, Brenda, Wynaden, Dianne, Tohotoa, Jenny, Platania-Phung, Chris, Byrne, Louise, Martin, Graham, and Harris, Scott
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Summary Background Australian national mental health strategy emphasises inclusion of people diagnosed with mental illness in all areas of mental health care, policy development and education of health professionals. However, the way this inclusion has translated to Australian universities is relatively unexplored. Objectives Explore views of nurse academics regarding service user involvement in nursing education programmes. Design Qualitative exploratory. Settings Australian universities offering educational programmes in nursing at postgraduate and undergraduate levels. Participants Thirty four participants from 27 Australian universities participated. Methods Data were collected using semi-structured telephone interviews with academics involved in teaching and/or coordinating undergraduate and/or postgraduate mental health nursing contents. Data were analysed using content analysis based on four cognitive processes: comprehending, synthesising, theorising and re-contextualising data. Results Four major themes emerged: good idea? long way to go; conceptualising the service user academic role; strengths of lived experience led student learning; and barriers to implementation. Conclusions Findings indicated strong support for including mental health service users in teaching nursing students. However, at most universities service user engagement was often an informal arrangement, lacking clear guidelines and limited by financial barriers and the positioning of mental health nursing within curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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18. A decade after Francis: is the NHS safer and more open?
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Martin, Graham, Stanford, Susanna, and Dixon-Woods, Mary
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- 2023
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19. Tackling the erosion of compassion in acute mental health services
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Liberati, Elisa, Richards, Natalie, Ratnayake, Sahanika, Gibson, John, and Martin, Graham
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- 2023
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20. How can we make better use of ethnicity data to improve healthcare services?
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Martin, Graham, Mathur, Rohini, and Naqvi, Habib
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- 2023
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21. The state of care in England’s maternity services
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Dixon-Woods, Mary, Barry, Zenab, McGowan, James, and Martin, Graham
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- 2023
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22. Progressive Mesh-Based Motion Estimation Using Partial Refinement.
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Atzori, Luigi, Giusto, Daniel D., Leonardi, Riccardo, Pereira, Fernando, Park, Heechan, Yu, Andy C., and Martin, Graham R.
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A technique for performing progressive mesh-based motion estimation in a layered fashion is presented. Motion compensation based on image warping provides a block prediction free of block artifacts. The smooth prediction can be used to identify motion-active regions by comparing with the reference frame and generate a partial denser mesh, thus forming layers of mesh. This approach provides a hierarchical partial refinement according to motion activity without additional cost. Experimental results indicate that the technique shows improvement over a single-layered uniform mesh and advantages over block-based techniques, particularly in scalable and very low bitrate video coding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2006
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23. What are the goals of care for older people living with frailty when they access urgent care? Are those goals attained? A qualitative view of patient and carer perspectives.
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Phelps, Kay, Regen, Emma, van Oppen, James David, Riley, Peter, Lalseta, Jagruti, Martin, Graham, Mason, Sue, and Conroy, Simon
- Abstract
Little is known of the goals of care of older people living with frailty when they access urgent care. Equally whether these goals are attained from a patient and carer perspective is often unclear. This qualitative study examined the views of older people living with frailty and their families in relation to specific episodes of urgent care, what they wanted to achieve and whether those goals were attained. Semi-structured interviews with older people living with frailty and their families between Jan and July 2019. Patient and carer participants were recruited in three hospitals in England and interviewed following the urgent care episode. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed following the principles of the Framework approach. Results were validated by an older people's involvement group. Forty participants were interviewed either alone or jointly (24 patients and 16 carers), describing episodes of urgent care which started in ED for 28 patients. The goals of care for participants accessing emergency care were that their medical problem be diagnosed and resolved; information about tests and treatment be given to them and their relatives; they receive an appropriate well-planned discharge to their own home with support where needed and without readmission or re-attendance at ED; and that they retain mobility, function and normal activities. Participants perceived that many of these goals of care were not attained. Older people living with frailty have heterogeneous urgent care goals which require individual ascertainment. Identifying these goals of care early could result in improved attainment through person-centred care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Does quality improvement improve quality?
- Author
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Dixon-Woods, Mary and Martin, Graham P
- Abstract
Although quality improvement (QI) is frequently advocated as a way of addressing the problems with healthcare, evidence of its effectiveness has remained very mixed. The reasons for this are varied but the growing literature highlights particular challenges. Fidelity in the application of QI methods is often variable. QI work is often pursued through time-limited, small-scale projects, led by professionals who may lack the expertise, power or resources to instigate the changes required. There is insufficient attention to rigorous evaluation of improvement and to sharing the lessons of successes and failures. Too many QI interventions are seen as ‘magic bullets’ that will produce improvement in any situation, regardless of context. Too much improvement work is undertaken in isolation at a local level, failing to pool resources and develop collective solutions, and introducing new hazards in the process. This article considers these challenges and proposes four key ways in which QI might itself be improved.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Mind full or mindful: a report on mindfulness and psychological health in healthy adolescents
- Author
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Tan, Lucy B.G. and Martin, Graham
- Abstract
Mindfulness is defined as a non-judgemental awareness and accepting of present-moment experience. With intentional attendance to one's ongoing stream of thoughts, sensations and emotions as they arise, it allows the individual to react with less impulsivity and flexibility. However, empirical findings of mindfulness to date have largely been confined to outcome studies using clinical populations. This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between mindfulness, self-esteem, resiliency and mental health symptoms (anxiety, stress, depression and cognitive inflexibility) in a sample of 106 healthy adolescents. Participants completed a set of questionnaires. First, we found moderate effect size for anxiety, depression and self-esteem and large effect size for cognitive inflexibility. These results, when compared with clinical samples, demonstrated similar trends found in a healthy adolescent sample. Second, predictive value of mindfulness was examined and we found significant contribution of mindfulness to mental and psychological health.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Printing Stable Liquid Tracks on a Surface with FiniteReceding Contact Angle.
- Author
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Hsiao, Wen-Kai, Martin, Graham D., and Hutchings, Ian M.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Walkrounds in Practice: Corrupting or Enhancing a Quality Improvement Intervention? A Qualitative Study.
- Author
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Martin, Graham, Ozieramki, Piotr, Willars, Janet, Charles, Kathryn, Minion, Joel, McKee, Lorna, and Dixon-Woods, Mary
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. The association between family functioning and NSSI in adolescence: The mediating role of depressive symptoms
- Author
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Baetens, Imke, Andrews, Tori, Claes, Laurence, and Martin, Graham
- Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) refers to socially unacceptable behavior causing intentional and direct injury to one’s own body tissue without conscious suicidal intent. Recent literature has highlighted the importance of examining the interaction between intrapersonal (e.g. coping, psychopathology) and interpersonal risk factors (e.g. psychopathology in family, family abuse, parenting), for enhancing our understanding of NSSI. The present study adds to this by investigating the association between NSSI, adolescent depressive feelings, and perceived family functioning. A sample of 358 adolescents was assessed by means of self-report measures for (1) NSSI behavior (NSSI-AT), (2) depressive symptoms (CDI-NL), and (3) perceived family functioning (FAD-NL). The prevalence rate of NSSI was 14.29%. Data suggest that general dysfunction of the family as a whole, poor affective involvement, and excessive behavioral control uniquely distinguished between adolescents engaging in NSSI and adolescents not engaging in NSSI. The association between family functioning and NSSI was partially mediated by depressive symptoms. The implications of the findings for further research, prevention, and intervention of NSSI are discussed.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Editorial
- Author
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Martin, Graham
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. News and comment.
- Author
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Martin, Graham
- Subjects
BIRD watching ,GAS well drilling ,EAGLES ,COMMON crane - Abstract
This section offers news briefs related to British birding issues. The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) has officially objected to shale gas drilling and exploration in Lancashire and Sussex. In Scotland, White-tailed Eagles have bred after two centuries, and Common Cranes Grus Grus have bred for the first time since the Middle Ages. The European Ornithologists' Union (EOU) conducted a field trip along the coasts of Norfolk and Suffolk in Norwich as part of its ninth conference
- Published
- 2013
31. Institutionalising knowledge brokering as a sustainable knowledge translation solution in healthcare: how can it work in practice?
- Author
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Chew, Sarah, Armstrong, Natalie, and Martin, Graham
- Subjects
KNOWLEDGE transfer ,SUSTAINABLE development ,MEDICAL care ,HEALTH policy ,ORGANIZATIONAL behavior research - Abstract
In healthcare, translating evidence into changed practice remains challenging. Novel interventions are being used to address these challenges, including the use of 'knowledge brokers'. But how sustainable these roles might be, and the consequences for the individual of enacting such roles, are unknown. We explore these questions by drawing on qualitative data from case studies of fulltime roles in research-practice collaboration. We suggest that structural issues around professional boundaries, organisational norms and career pathways may make such roles difficult to sustain in the long term, but highlight interventions that might improve their feasibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Predictors of Continuation and Cessation of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury.
- Author
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Andrews, Tori, Martin, Graham, Hasking, Penelope, and Page, Andrew
- Abstract
Abstract: Purpose: This paper reports the first prospective study of risk factors for continuation of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) during adolescence. Methods: We examined whether NSSI became more severe among those continuing to self-injure 1 year later, as well as characteristics and predictors of continuation, relative to cessation, drawn from a sample of 1,973 community-based adolescents from five states in Australia. Multiple sociodemographic and psychosocial factors were assessed in a series of sequential logistic regressions. Results: Of those reporting NSSI at follow-up (12% total sample), 4.1% (95% CI: 3.3%–5.0%; n = 80) continued from baseline and an additional 4.1% had stopped this behavior by follow-up (95% CI: 3.3%–5.1%, n = 81; 3.8% new cases). Frequency, potential lethality and number of methods of NSSI increased among adolescents continuing to self-injure. These individuals also had overall higher frequency and more serious wounds compared with those who had stopped self-injuring, possibly providing parameters to differentiate these groups. Continuation of NSSI was associated with higher frequency (OR = 1.06; 95% CI = .99–1.13, p = .08), lower cognitive reappraisal (OR = .86; 95% CI = .78–.95, p = .004) and higher emotional suppression (OR = 1.10; 95% CI = .98–1.22, p = .09) relative to cessation at T1. Conclusions: These findings may assist to better identify young people more likely to continue self-injuring and also highlight potentially modifiable factors to inform early intervention initiatives. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. The challenges of evaluating large-scale, multi-partner programmes: the case of NIHR CLAHRCs.
- Author
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Martin, Graham P., Ward, Vicky, Hendy, Jane, Rowley, Emma, Nancarrow, Susan, Heaton, Janet, Britten, Nicky, Fielden, Sandra, and Ariss, Steven
- Subjects
MEDICAL care ,CIVIL service ,HEALTH policy ,EVIDENCE-based medicine - Abstract
The limited extent to which research evidence is utilised in healthcare and other public services is widely acknowledged. The United Kingdom government has attempted to address this gap by funding nine Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRCs). CLAHRCs aim to carry out health research, implement research findings in local healthcare organisations and build capacity across organisations for generating and using evidence. This wide-ranging brief requires multifaceted approaches; assessing CLAHRCs' success thus poses challenges for evaluation. This paper discusses these challenges in relation to seven CLAHRC evaluations, eliciting implications and suggestions for others evaluating similarly complex interventions with diverse objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Self-injury in Australia: a community survey.
- Author
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Martin, Graham, Swannell, Sarah V., Hazell, Philip L., Harrison, James E., and Taylor, Anne W.
- Abstract
The article discusses the results of a 2010 community survey of cases of self-injury in Australia. The researchers conducted a cross-sectional survey of a representative randomly selected sample of 12,006 Australians to get data on self-injury, psychiatric morbidity, disclosure and help-seeking. The survey found that the prevalence of self-injury in Australia in the period before the survey was significant and self-injury may occur at older ages than previously reported.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Sociodemographic correlates of antidepressant utilisation in Australia.
- Author
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Page, Andrew N., Swannell, Sarah, Martin, Graham, Hollingworth, Samantha, Hickie, Lan B., and Hall, Wayne D.
- Abstract
The article discusses a study which examined the sociodemographic variation in antidepressant utilization in Australia between 2003 and 2005. Antidepressant prescription was analyzed based on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, and according to sex, age, geographical area and socioeconomic status. The study found that antidepressant use increases with age and is higher among females. Study authors claimed that such findings reflect the sociodemographic differences in affective disorder prevalence.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Suicidal Behavior After a Traumatic Event.
- Author
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Krysinska, Karolina, Lester, David, and Martin, Graham
- Subjects
POST-traumatic stress disorder ,SUICIDE risk factors ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,TRAUMATIC neuroses ,PSYCHOSOMATIC disorders ,NURSING practice - Abstract
This article reviews the literature on the psychosocial and psychiatric consequences (such as a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder and elevated suicide risk) for a range of traumatic life experiences, including military combat, criminal victimization, interpersonal and domestic violence, child abuse and neglect, sexual retraumatization, natural disasters, torture, and the Holocaust. Possible mechanisms mediating the relationship between trauma and suicide are presented along with suicide risk assessment implications for trauma nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The pill that killed.
- Author
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Blood, R. Warwick, Pirkis, Jane, Hickie, Ian, and Martin, Graham
- Subjects
MASS media ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,MENTAL depression ,PSYCHIATRIC drugs - Abstract
The article examines the role played by media in defining risk knowledge of antidepressant drug Zoloft and similar antidepressant medications. It shows how some newspapers used alarmist and fear headlines to frame the trial decision and to raise fears about the safety of Zoloft and similar antidepressants. The focus has been to document the extent to which news framing and the structure of information in the story demonstrates real concern for readers whose fear of risk may be unnecessarily heightened by the way the facts of the trial were portrayed. Through the choice of frames, these newspaper reports constructed a particular way of seeing the event and subsequent health-safety issues. While the news frames cannot be judged as right or wrong, they can be challenged.
- Published
- 2003
38. Out of Africa! Display case strategies - the theory and the reality.
- Author
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Bacon, Louise and Martin, Graham
- Subjects
DISPLAY cases ,MUSEUM exhibit design & construction ,MUSEUMS -- Climatic factors ,AIR quality monitoring ,ANTIQUITIES - Abstract
In 1999 the Horniman Museum completed the refurbishment of an ethnography gallery celebrating the diversity of the African collections. As a result of many years of monitoring the environment in the gallery, carrying out condition assessments of the objects to be displayed, and commissioning an environmental control strategic study on the fabric of the museum, display cases with known performance were specified. When built, the display cases did not achieve the targets set. It was therefore necessary to re-evaluate the original strategy for the safe display of the collections and the monitoring procedures put in place. The potential strategies and options considered and the final decisions reached fulfil one of the Horniman Museum's primary objectives by ensuring a safe environment for the collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Editorial
- Author
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Martin, Graham
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Editorial
- Author
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Martin, Graham
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Psychosocial Functioning Differences in Pediatric Burn Survivors Compared With Healthy Norms
- Author
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Maskell, Jessica, Newcombe, Peter, Martin, Graham, and Kimble, Roy
- Abstract
Burn injury is one of the most traumatic injuries a child or adolescent can experience. When a burn injury occurs, the child can suffer pain, uncertainty, fear, and trauma from acute treatment to rehabilitation and reintegration. He or she can also experience long-term psychosocial and psychological difficulties. The objective of the study was to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL), psychopathology, and self-concept of children who have suffered a burn injury with a matched sample of healthy controls. Sixty-six children and adolescents with a burn injury, who were aged between 8 to 17 years, and a caregiver were recruited from six burn centers in Australia and New Zealand. Participants completed the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale (P-H SCS). Scores were compared with published normative data. As scarring and appearance are a distinct issue, the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory cancer module perceived physical appearance subscale was also included. Pediatric burn survivors and their caregivers reported significantly higher emotional and behavioral problems and lower HRQoL, but no significant differences in self-concept compared with healthy counterparts. Pediatric burn survivors also reported significantly poorer perceived physical appearance than the matched pediatric cancer sample. Burned children reported lowered quality of life, particularly related to scarring and appearance; however, they reported normative self-concept. This may be because of self-concept being a psychological trait, whereas HRQoL is influenced by societal norms and expectations. Psychosocial support is necessary to build positive coping strategies and manage the unpleasant social experiences that may reduce quality of life.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Editorial
- Author
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Martin, Graham
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Feathering the Nest: Food Supplementation Influences Nest Construction by Blue (Cyanistes Caeruleus) and Great Tits (Parus major)
- Author
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Smith, Jennifer A., Harrison, Timothy J. E., Martin, Graham R., and Reynolds, S. James
- Abstract
Food supplementation can potentially provide additional energy and/or liberate time usually devoted to foraging, enabling birds to invest more in activities, such as nest construction, that provide long-term fitness benefits. Although nest construction can represent large temporal and energetic investments in a breeding attempt, few studies have investigated how it is influenced by food supplementation. We studied the effects of food supplementation on nest construction by Blue Tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) and Great Tits (Parus major). We found that food supplementation advanced nest construction and egg laying in both species. Food supplementation also resulted in truncation of the nest construction period of Blue Tits, but not Great Tits. The duration of the nest-lining period was not influenced by food supplementation in either species. Unexpectedly, food supplementation resulted in significantly shallower nests in Blue Tits but not in Great Tits. We conclude that food availability can constrain nest construction behaviour and that these constraints can be released by the provision of supplementary foods prior to and throughout nest construction.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Editorial
- Author
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Martin, Graham
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Differential and common correlates of non-suicidal self-injury and alcohol use among community-based adolescents
- Author
-
Andrews, Tori, Martin, Graham, and Hasking, Penelope
- Abstract
AbstractNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and under-age alcohol use are dysfunctional coping behaviors used to alleviate negative feelings. However, little is known regarding what mechanisms lead to engagement in NSSI as opposed to alcohol use, or what might infl uence co-occurrence of these behaviors. A total of 2,590 secondary school students (aged 12–17) from fi ve Australian states completed self-report questionnaires measuring NSSI, alcohol use and a range of sociodemographic and psychosocial factors. The fi ndings suggest that adolescent engagement in NSSI is associated with more internal factors, such as psychological distress, poor coping and problem-solving skills, whereas alcohol use is associated with age and gender, as well as more external factors, such as social support and coping by turning to others. Co-morbidity between alcohol use and NSSI is associated with a combination of these factors. Implications of these fi ndings will be discussed with regard to prevention and early intervention initiatives.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Editorial
- Author
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Martin, Graham
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Institutional Work to Maintain Professional Power: Recreating the Model of Medical Professionalism
- Author
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Currie, Graeme, Lockett, Andy, Finn, Rachael, Martin, Graham, and Waring, Justin
- Abstract
The creation of new roles commonly threatens the power and status of elite professionals through the substitution of their labour. In this paper we examine the institutional work carried out by elite professionals to maintain their professional dominance when threatened. Drawing on 11 case sites from the English National Health Service (NHS) where new nursing or medical roles have been introduced, threatening the power and status of specialist doctors, we observed the following. First, the professional elite respond through institutional work to supplant threat of substitution with the opportunity for them to delegate routine tasks to other actors and maintain existing resource and control arrangements over the delivery of services in a way that enhances elite professionals’ status. Second, other professionals outside the professional elite, but relatively powerful within their own professional group, are co-opted by the professional elite to engage in institutional work to maintain existing arrangements. Our work extends Lawrence and Suddaby’s typology of institutional work in three ways. First, we reveal how different types of institutional work interact, and how different types of institutional work cross categories of creating or maintaining institutions. Second, we show how an actor’s social position or status, both intra-professionally as well as inter-professionally, in the institutional field frame the institutional work they engage in. Third, the institutional work of ‘theorizing’ by professional elites appears particularly significant, specifically the focus of the institutional work to invoke the concept of ‘risk’ associated with any change in service delivery, which maintains the model of medical professionalism.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Editorial
- Author
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Martin, Graham
- Abstract
Data is not necessarily Information. Information is not necessarily Knowledge, Knowledge is not necessarily Wisdom And none of the above is Action
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Editorial
- Author
-
Martin, Graham
- Abstract
Data is not necessarily Information. Information is not necessarily Knowledge, Knowledge is not necessarily Wisdom And none of the above is Action
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. The use of Google EarthTMsatellite imagery to detect the nests of masked boobies Sula dactylatra
- Author
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Hughes, B. John, Martin, Graham R., and Reynolds, S. James
- Abstract
Masked boobies Sula dactylatra, like many other species of Sulidae, do not construct elaborate nests. However, their nest sites produce a characteristic ‘nest signature’. We found that these nest signatures could apparently be seen in freely available satellite images (Google EarthTM) of the main island of Ascension in the south Atlantic. We verified that this was the case by comparing nest signatures detected on these satellite images with field reports of occupied nests. We found that the locations of these nest signatures determined from satellite images agreed closely with the coordinates of actual nests on the ground. We used this information to determine the position and size of a previously unreported masked booby colony on the island. Thus, we show that the presence and abundance of some species can be estimated using freely available satellite imagery if a suitable signature in the satellite image can be found. Regularly updated satellite imagery of target sites could also be used for population monitoring. While this would be expensive, initial evaluation of the technique for particular species or populations can be achieved using freely available images. We encourage wildlife managers to view their study sites on Google EarthTMfor evidence of their target species.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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