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Extensional basins often show along‐strike variability in terms of fault geometries, basement structures, subsidence, and thermal evolution. This is particularly pronounced when extension reactivates preexisting suture zones with opposing dip directions, that is, opposite polarities, which creates wide strike‐slip transfer zones. We have studied this extensional variability by means of thermomechanical lithospheric‐scale 3‐D numerical modeling. We conducted a series of experiments to model the extension of a thick lithosphere simulating a young orogenic area containing segmented suture zones inherited from former opposing subduction polarities, implemented as rheologically weak inclined layers with opposite dips. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the initial subduction sutures are reactivated by two long‐lived lithospheric‐scale detachment faults, which remain active until the onset of oceanic spreading. The opposite polarity of these faults causes their migration toward each other by asymmetric mantle lithosphere extension and thermal accretion. Crustal kinematics shows the formation of extensional detachment faults and high‐offset listric normal faults. These structures undergo gradual tilting during their footwall exhumation, while the rheological weak suture layers are redistributed beneath the crust. The results demonstrate an active interaction along the strike of the system between the two opposite dipping weak zones, where fault segments mechanically interact. During extension, the maximum horizontal fault offset switches the apparent sense of shear in the separating strike‐slip transfer zone. This kinematics explain the rapid change in the sense of shear in major strike‐slip transfer zones or transform faults, such as observed during the extension of the Pannonian back‐arc basin. We have conducted 3‐D lithospheric‐scale numerical modeling of rift interactionExtensional reactivation of lithospheric‐scale suture zones has been analyzedStrike‐slip transfer faults evolve and change their sense of shear with time

Apatite fission track (AFT) and (U‐Th)/He (AHe) thermochronology have been combined to constrain the exhumation history of the SE Carpathians. Cooling ages generally decrease from Cretaceous for the internal basement nappes (AFT ages), to Miocene–Quaternary (AFT and AHe, respectively) for the external sedimentary wedge. The AFT and AHe data show a Paleogene age cluster, which confirms a suspected but never demonstrated tectonic event. The new data furthermore suggest that the SE Carpathians have been affected by a middle Miocene exhumation phase related to continental collision, which occurred at rates of ∼0.8 mm/yr, similar to the one previously inferred for the East Carpathians. The SE Carpathian tectonic evolution, however, is overprinted by two younger exhumation events in the Pliocene–Pleistocene. The first exhumation phase (latest Miocene–early Pliocene) occurred at high exhumation rates (∼1.7 mm/yr) and is interpreted as a tectonic event and/or associated with a sea level drop in the Paratethys basins during the Messinian low stand. The youngest recorded tectonic phase suggests rapid Pleistocene exhumation (∼1.6 mm/yr) and is interpreted to represent crustal‐scale shortening different in mechanics from collisional processes. The data suggest that the SE Carpathians did not develop as a typical double‐vergent orogenic wedge; instead, exhumation was related to a foreland‐vergent sequence of nappe stacking during collision and was subsequently followed by a large out‐of‐sequence shortening event truncating the already locked collisional boundary.