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Objectives. The aim of this pilot split-mouth controlled human study is to evaluate histologic and histomorphometric results of a highly purified xenogenic grafting material in maxillary sinus floor augmentation after six months of follow-up. Methods. This pilot split-mouth study was conducted on 11 patients, 7 females and 4 males (mean age 53 +/- 7.9 years; range 41-68 years), who underwent maxillary sinus floor augmentation. The following biomaterials were used: Laddec: a highly purified bovine xenograft, that was the test material; and Bio-oss a natural bone mineral, that was the control material. Six patients (4 females, 2 males) were treated with unilateral major maxillary sinus floor augmentation with Bio-oss, and five patients (3 females, 2 males) were subjected to bilateral major maxillary sinus floor augmentation, with Bio-oss in one side and Laddec in the other side. Consequently, the test group (Laddec) included 5 samples, while the control group (Biooss) included 11 samples. Results. For the Laddec, the newly formed bone was 36% ± 2.3; the intertrabecular spaces were 34% ± 1.6, and the residual material was 30% ± 1.4. For the Bio-Oss, the newly formed bone was 38% ± 1.6; the intertrabecular spaces were 26% ± 1.6, whereas the residual material was 36% ± 3.1. Conclusions. Both the xenoimplants obtained a good bone regeneration with a satisfying quantity of newly formed bone and reduced quantity of fibrous bone. The Laddec showed a better absorbability compared with Bio-Oss, whose residual percentage is greater for the same elapsed time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to assess the flexural strength, flexural elastic modulus and Vickers microhardness of three resin composites prepared at room temperature or cured after one or repeated preheating cycles to a temperature of 39°C. Three resin composites were evaluated: Enamel Plus HFO (Micerium), Opallis (FGM), and Ceram X Duo (Dentsply DeTrey). For each trial, one group of specimens of each material was fabricated under ambient laboratory conditions, whereas in the other groups, the composites were cured after 1, 10, 20, 30, or 40 preheating cycles to a temperature of 39°C in a preheating device. Ten rectangular prismatic specimens (25 × 2 × 2 mm) were prepared for each group (N=180; n=10) and subjected to a three-point bending test for flexural strength and flexural modulus evaluation. Vickers microhardness was assessed on 10 cylindrical specimens from each group (N=180; n=10). Statistical analysis showed that, regardless of the material, the number of heating cycles was not a significant factor and was unable to influence the three mechanical properties tested. However, a significant main effect of the employed material on the marginal means of the three dependent variables was detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]