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Specimens of the sandhopper Orchestoidea tuberculata (Amphipoda; Talitridae) collected from sandy beaches in south-central Chile, were found to be parasitized by juvenile mermithids, constituting the first record of a mermithid infecting a marine amphipod in Chile. A morphological description of juveniles is provided. Sequence analyses based on mitochondrial COI and nuclear 18S rDNA of the mermithids showed extremely low genetic variation. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the mermithid is more closely related to Hexamermis agrotis , which parasitize Coleoptera, than to Thaumamermis zealandica , which parasitizes New Zealand confamilial talitrid amphipods. [Display omitted] • First record of a mermithid infecting a semiterrestrial amphipod in Chile. • Sandhopper Orchestoidea tuberculata were found parasitized by juvenile mermithids. • Sequences analyzed by COI and 18S showed extremely low genetic variation. • Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the mermithid is close to parasites that inhabit in Coleoptera than those which parasitized to confamilial talitrids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Action abstractions restrict the number of legal actions available for real-time planning in zero-sum extensive-form games, thus allowing algorithms to focus their search on a set of promising actions. Even though unabstracted game trees can lead to optimal policies, due to real-time constraints and the tree size, they are not a practical choice. In this context, we introduce an action abstraction scheme which we call asymmetric action abstraction. Asymmetric abstractions allow search algorithms to "pay more attention" to some aspects of the game by unevenly dividing the algorithm's search effort amongst different aspects of the game. We also introduce four algorithms that search in asymmetrically abstracted game trees to evaluate the effectiveness of our abstraction schemes. Two of our algorithms are adaptations of algorithms developed for searching in action-abstracted spaces, Portfolio Greedy Search and Stratified Strategy Selection, and the other two are adaptations of an algorithm developed for searching in unabstracted spaces, NaïveMCTS. An extensive set of experiments in a real-time strategy game shows that search algorithms using asymmetric abstractions are able to outperform all other search algorithms tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks is very challenging because of frequent disconnections. One cause of disconnection is node movement. Disconnections can be overcome by finding a set of sequential opportunistic encounters between pairs of mobile nodes. These encounters can be used for message forwarding and delivery. In this context, understanding user mobile behaviour is essential to design effective and efficient network protocols. This paper presents a generic methodology to model and find periodic encounter patterns by using the auto-persistence function and detection techniques derived from it. From the studies on four real mobility traces, we are able to detect strong weekly periodic encounter patterns with an accuracy of up to 100%. The experimental results show that periodic encounter patterns in real mobility traces do not last long, e.g., years, because they are interrupted by unexpected events from time to time. Nonetheless our experimental results show that those periodic encounters can still last up to a few months. Furthermore, we show that, for some of the mobility traces, the network formed by periodic encounters forms a small-world structure. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article discusses a study which describes the nematodes found in the gut of A. nasutus and compares it with previous methods. Three pregnant females of the largenose shark Apristurus nasutus were examined for endoparasites and the nematodes gathered were fixed and stored in 70% ethanol and cleared in lactophenol for examination. The general description of the nasutus is medium sized, brownish nematodes and the female was larger than the male with the body having thin cuticle with very fine transverse striations. It indicates the study as an extention of about 12,000 km. of the known distribution of M. rubuka and that the taxonomic enlargement from the records is not as noteworthy as it is in geographical terms.

The article focuses on the comparative analysis of the parasitic fauna of Micromesistius australis, which were caught at the southern cone in South America. It mentions that the goal is to detect migratory patterns or population units of M. australis. It also adds that the composition of the parasitic fauna is similar in fishing areas while statistical analyses revealed differences in relative and absolute abundances of several M. australis taxa.

The article discusses a study of the morphology of an undetermined parasitic copepod Neoalbionella species (Lernaeopodidae) collected from the second dorsal fin of the southern lanternshark Etmopterus granulosus caught off the coast of the Juan Fernández Archipelago in Chile's Southeastern Pacific Ocean. It explains that the species might be undetermined due to the presence of two features of the females, namely a secondary denticle on the claw of the maxilliped and three setae on the outer lobe of the mixillule. It adds that although males essential in describing the new Lernaeopodidae species were not found, it identifies the species as a new host and says that the study offers the first geographical record of Neoalbionella species off the Pacific coast of South America.