Search

Organic compounds receive from industries as effluents are highly toxic and hazardous for the environment. Conventional oxidation process for the oxidation of organic compounds through use of N-bromophthalimide (NBP) is one of the significant process for conversion of organic compounds into environmental friendly or less harmful substances. The main scenario of this review is oxidation and kinetics of different organic compounds by NBP with different experimental methods—iodometric and potentiometric along with uncatalyzed, and catalyzed system. In addition to this we also summarize synthesis, properties and reactive species of NBP. Oxidation products obtained by oxidation of various organic compounds by NBP were acetic acid, aldehyde, carbon dioxide, ammonia, cyanide, aldonic acid etc. Present review, first time offers all aspects of NBP as an oxidizing agent for oxidation of organic compounds.

Kinetic studies in homogenous Ru(III) catalyzed oxidation of l-leucine (Leu), by N-bromophthalimide (NBP) in the presence of perchloric acid have been made at 303 K using mercuric acetate as Br−ion scavenger. The reaction follows first-order kinetics with respect to [NBP]. In the lower concentration range of Leu and Ru(III) chloride, the reaction follows first-order kinetics but tends to zero at higher concentration. A positive effect of [Cl−] was observed in the oxidation of Leu. An increase in the rate of reaction with the decrease in dielectric constant of the medium was observed while negative effect was observed for [H+]. The rate of oxidation is unaffected by the change in [phthalimide (NHP)]. Rate of reaction decreased with increase in ionic strength of the medium. The main oxidation products of the reactions were identified as aldehyde, ammonia and CO2for the oxidation of Leu. From the effect of temperature (298–318 K) on the reaction rate, various activation parameters have been calculated and on the basis of these parameters, a suitable explanation for the reaction mechanism has been given.

Respiratory distress syndrome of the neonate (neonatal RDS) is still an important problem in treatment of preterm infants. It is accompanied by inflammatory processes with free radical generation and oxidative stress. The aim of study was to determine the role of oxidative stress in the development of neonatal RDS.

Selenium is an essential trace element that is important in proper immune system functioning and in free radical control. Selenium protects against heart weakness and degeneration. It is crucial for optimal health and detoxification. Selenium is required for the production of thyroid hormones. The body only needs a small amount. Nevertheless, the selenium mineral is an essential mineral which the body requires on a daily basis. The objective of the work concerns the proposal and development of the technique for the measurement of selenium levels in the human blood samples by a simple spectrophotometeric determination in diseased and health conditions.

Abstract: In the present paper, a simple, and novel method for the abatement of paracetamol (PA) in aqueous system into environmental friendly compound benzoquinone at 308 K has been described, and was accelerated by simple, and inexpensive catalyst Cu(II)/Ni(II). A comparative assessment between Cu(II) and Ni(II)catalyzed, abatement of PA by CAT was performed. It has been determined that there are very little change in rate of reaction for both Cu(II)/Ni(II) catalyzed degradation of PA. All the kinetics parameters, i.e. the effect of change in concentrations of chloramine-T (CAT), sodium hydroxide, paracetamol, catalyst, added p-toluenesulfonamide, electrolyte etc. have been studied, and measured carefully. Reaction had been studied in the range of temperature 303–323 K. On the basis of kinetic data obtained a satisfactory mechanism has been proposed. And it was deduced that, presently used process was a tenable technique for the degradation of PA. Main abatement product was confirmed by GC–MS analysis technique. Graphic abstract: