13 results on '"Novoa, Ana M."'
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2. La priorización comunitaria en el programa Barcelona Salut als Barris
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Sánchez-Ledesma, Esther, Pérez, Anna, Vázquez, Noelia, García-Subirats, Irene, Fernández, Ana, Novoa, Ana M., and Daban, Ferran
- Abstract
Priorizar es el proceso de selección y ordenación de las necesidades en salud identificadas tras el diagnóstico de necesidades y activos en salud de una comunidad. La valoración de las necesidades en salud se ha reforzado con la perspectiva comunitaria, lo que aporta múltiples beneficios: sensibiliza y empodera a la comunidad sobre su salud, fomenta el apoyo mutuo entre sus integrantes y promueve su protagonismo haciéndola corresponsable del proceso de mejora de su propia realidad. El objetivo de esta nota es describir el modelo de priorización de Barcelona Salut als Barris, estrategia de salud comunitaria liderada por la Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona para promover la equidad en salud en los barrios más desfavorecidos de la ciudad.
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- 2024
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3. Housing Policies and Health Inequalities.
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Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc, Novoa, Ana M., Camprubí, Lluís, Peralta, Andrés, Vásquez-Vera, Hugo, Bosch, Jordi, Amat, Jordi, Díaz, Fernando, Palència, Laia, Mehdipanah, Roshanak, Rodríguez-Sanz, Maica, Malmusi, Davide, and Borrell, Carme
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HOUSING ,MENTAL illness risk factors ,COMPETENCY assessment (Law) ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,HEALTH ,HEALTH services accessibility ,HEALTH status indicators ,MORTALITY ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,POLICY sciences ,POVERTY ,RESEARCH funding ,GOVERNMENT policy ,DATA analysis software ,ODDS ratio - Abstract
A large body of literature shows the link between inadequate housing conditions and poor physical and mental health. The aim of this paper is to summarize the research on the impact of local housing policies on health inequalities, focusing on the issues of access to housing and fuel poverty as studied in the SOPHIE project. Our case studies in Spain showed that people facing housing insecurity, experienced intense levels of mental distress. We found that access to secure and adequate housing can improve the health of these populations, therefore, public policies that address housing instability and their consequences are urgently needed. Housing conditions related to fuel poverty are associated with poorer health and are unevenly distributed across Europe. We found possible positive effects of façade insulation interventions on cold-related mortality in women living in social housing; but not in men. Policies on housing energy efficiency can reduce the health consequences of fuel poverty, but need to be free to users, target the most vulnerable groups and be adaptable to their needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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4. Effects of Superblocks on health and health inequities: a proposed evaluation framework
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Mehdipanah, Roshanak, Novoa, Ana M, León-Gómez, Brenda Biaani, López, Maria José, Palència, Laia, Vasquez, Hugo, Díez, Èlia, Borrell, Carme, and Pérez, Katherine
- Abstract
The following essay outlines the intervention and presents a framework that will serve as a guide in the evaluation of the different effects of the Superblocks. Superblocks consist of amalgamations of blocks throughout the city, with the goal of improving the habitability of public spaces, advancing sustainable mobility, increasing urban green, and promoting residents’ participation and coresponsibility, while ultimately influencing residents’ health and health inequities. The evaluation framework considers the following aspects: the interventions implemented in the Superblock strategy, the changes that occur at neighbourhood and individual level and the population turnover as intermediate factors and finally the health outcomes. Inequity dimensions are also considered.
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- 2019
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5. El diagnóstico de salud del programa Barcelona Salut als Barris. Metodología para un proceso participativo
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Colell, Esther, Sánchez-Ledesma, Esther, Novoa, Ana M., Daban, Ferran, Fernández, Ana, Juárez, Olga, and Pérez, Katherine
- Abstract
Se describe la metodología usada en el diagnóstico de salud de un programa orientado a mejorar la salud en los barrios más desfavorecidos de la ciudad de Barcelona. En el proceso de diagnóstico se utiliza una metodología mixta (cuantitativa y cualitativa) para obtenera información sobre el estado de salud de la comunidad, sus determinantes y los recursos disponibles relacionados con la salud. Los datos cuantitativos corresponden a indicadores elaborados a partir de registros de diversas fuentes. La información cualitativa recoge las perspectivas de la comunidad mediante entrevistas, grupos focales y grupos nominales. Las diferentes formas de recogida de datos proporcionan una información más completa de la salud de la comunidad, de sus necesidades y de los recursos disponibles para afrontarlas. La participación comunitaria en el proceso fortalece los lazos entre la comunidad y los agentes implicados en las acciones para abordar los temas priorizados, y favorece su empoderamiento.
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- 2018
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6. Changes in Health Following Housing Improvement in a Vulnerable Population in Spain: A Follow-up Study.
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Novoa, Ana M., Amat, Jordi, Malmusi, Davide, Díaz, Fernando, Darnell, Mercè, Trilla, Carme, Bosch, Jordi, and Borrell, Carme
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COMPETENCY assessment (Law) ,HEALTH ,AGE distribution ,CROWDS ,DEMOGRAPHY ,ECONOMICS ,PATIENT aftercare ,UNDOCUMENTED immigrants ,INCOME ,LONGITUDINAL method ,RESEARCH methodology ,METROPOLITAN areas ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,PROFESSIONAL associations ,PUBLIC housing ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,HEALTH self-care ,T-test (Statistics) ,WORK ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,AT-risk people - Abstract
The objective of this study is to compare changes in health among a sample of families living in substandard dwellings or with housing affordability problems assisted by Caritas Diocesana de Barcelona, according to the improvement of their socioeconomic and housing situation during the study period. A quasi-experimental study was performed, including 232 families assisted by Caritas who were interviewed in 2012 and one year later. Participants could have received a set of interventions, including relocation and different types of economic subsidies. Regression models were fitted to identify the association of participants' changes in self-rated general health and mental health between baseline and follow-up with improvements across three dimensions: socio-economic situation and housing affordability, physical housing characteristics, and neighborhood. An improvement in self-reported health status was associated with having found a job and reporting fewer problems in meeting monthly housing costs. Mental health improved among participants with an increased household income, with a reduction in the perceived risk of losing their house, and with reduced housing-related material deprivations. The study shows that health gains can derive from improvements in housing conditions, especially those related to housing affordability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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7. Infobarris: una herramienta interactiva para monitorizar y divulgar información sobre la salud y sus determinantes en los barrios de Barcelona
- Author
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Llimona, Pere, Pérez, Glòria, Rodríguez-Sanz, Maica, Novoa, Ana M., Espelt, Albert, García de Olalla, Patricia, and Borrell, Carme
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Para conocer la salud de la población es necesario realizar un análisis conjunto y continuado de su estado de salud y de sus determinantes. El objetivo de esta nota de campo es describir el desarrollo y el funcionamiento de la herramienta Infobarris, que permite visualizar una amplia batería de indicadores y determinantes de la salud de la población de la ciudad de Barcelona según el barrio de residencia. Para el desarrollo de Infobarris se ha usado una metodología ágil que permite el desarrollo de un proyecto de forma iterativa e incremental en etapas: selección de indicadores, diseño del prototipo, desarrollo de la herramienta de visualización, carga de datos, revisión y mejora de la herramienta. Infobarris permite la visualización interactiva de 64 indicadores de salud y de sus determinantes, mediante gráficos, mapas y tablas, lo que facilita la vigilancia de la salud y de sus determinantes en los barrios de la ciudad de Barcelona.
- Published
- 2017
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8. Energy consumption and indoor environmental quality evaluation of a cooperative housing nZEB in Mediterranean climate.
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Ortiz, Joana, Carrere, Juli, Salom, Jaume, and Novoa, Ana M.
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COOPERATIVE housing ,SUSTAINABLE design ,ENVIRONMENTAL quality ,MEDITERRANEAN climate ,ENERGY consumption ,ENERGY consumption of buildings ,SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
A cooperative housing is a more democratic and affordable alternative that could contribute to ecological sustainability in local context. The paper evaluates the cooperative housing La Borda (Barcelona) from two points of view: energy consumption at building and household level and indoor environmental quality of six representative households. The evaluation aims to investigate how this housing alternative may contribute to reduce the energy impact of the building providing comfortable conditions to the users. A post-occupancy evaluation has been performed where energy consumption, environmental data and user perception have been gathered to make a qualitative and quantitate analysis. The paper wants to investigate how thermal comfort can be characterized in depth, analysing only air temperature, relative humidity and outdoor conditions. Furthermore, it has been paid especial attention to the overheating analysis and the impact of the relative humidity in the thermal comfort satisfaction of the occupants. The paper demonstrates that La Borda is a model that contributes to reduce the energy impact of the building, which can be related to some of the characteristics of the cooperative housings: sharing goods and resources; community support; training initiatives; strong involvement during the design of the project; and sustainable design of the building. The thermal comfort evaluation combines different tools (adaptive comfort model, Givoni psychometric chart, Heat Index and surveys) to achieve a good understanding of the thermal behaviour of households and comfort perception, achieving satisfactory results; However, some discrepancies have been found between the different indicators and qualitative perception of the users. [Display omitted] • Energy and indoor environmental quality evaluation of a cooperative housing. • Low energy consumption, providing comfortable conditions to the users. • Energy reduction can be related to some characteristics of the cooperative housings. • Overheating analysis combining adaptive comfort model, Givoni chart and Heat Index. • Discrepancies between the user perception and the adaptive comfort model in summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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9. Los informes de salud como eje de los servicios de salud pública
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Segura, Andreu, Borrell, Carme, Garcia-Armesto, Sandra, Bartoll, Xavier, and Novoa, Ana M.
- Abstract
Los informes de salud tienen como propósito principal contribuir a la mejora de la salud de una población determinada. Son un elemento de apoyo básico para el diseño y la planificación de las políticas sanitarias, y pueden servir además para rendir cuentas y evaluar. A partir de la valoración de distintos tipos de informes de salud, entre ellos el de la ciudad de Barcelona, con una orientación abierta a los determinantes colectivos, y otro de ámbito internacional más centrado en el impacto de los servicios sanitarios, se aportan algunas sugerencias sobre la pertinencia y la mejor utilización de tales documentos, entre las que destaca la necesidad de una comunicación fluida entre las y los profesionales técnicos y políticos, a través de la organización de espacios de encuentro y diálogo; trabajar desde la transparencia, tanto de los/las autores/as (mediante la declaración de intereses) como de la información presentada y en lo posible contando con la máxima participación; promover el uso de marcos conceptuales sobre los determinantes sociales de la salud; orientarse al enfoque de las desigualdades en salud; incluir información relevante para la acción política; estructurar la información de tal modo que permita la comparación o benchmarkingcon otros ámbitos similares y prospectivamente; presentar la información de forma atractiva con elementos tales como rankings, mapas u otras herramientas; y diseñar estrategias de comunicación adaptadas a actores relevantes.
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- 2016
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10. Head-on crashes on two-way interurban roads: a public health concern in road safety
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Olabarria, Marta, Santamariña-Rubio, Elena, Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc, Gotsens, Mercè, Novoa, Ana M., Borrell, Carme, and Pérez, Katherine
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To describe the magnitude and characteristics of crashes and drivers involved in head-on crashes on two-way interurban roads in Spain between 2007 and 2012, and to identify the factors associated with the likelihood of head-on crashes on these roads compared with other types of crash.
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- 2015
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11. Evaluation of hand hygiene adherence in a tertiary hospital.
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Novoa, Ana M., Pi-Sunyer, Teresa, Sala, Maria, Molins, Eduard, and Castells, Xavier
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Background: Although hand hygiene is the most important measure in the prevention of nosocomial infection, adherence to recommendations among health care workers (HCW) is low. Evaluation of compliance with hand hygiene was carried out in a Spanish teaching hospital. Methods: In 2005, adherence to hand hygiene was evaluated hospital wide through direct observation, collecting data on hand hygiene carried out whenever indicated (opportunity for hand hygiene). Compliance was defined as handwashing/disinfection in an opportunity for hand hygiene according to hospital protocols. The results were analyzed using mixed effects models, with the HCW observed as the random effect. Results: A total of 1254 opportunities for hand hygiene were observed in 247 HCWs. Mean compliance was 20%. Although few differences were observed among types of HCW, compliance varied according to hospital area (69% in the intensive care unit [ICU]) and timing with respect to patient contact (compliance after contact was twice that before contact). Multivariate analyses revealed a protective odds ratio (OR) for nonadherence in ICUs (OR, 0.04; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.01-0.10) and after patient contact (OR, 0.25; 95% CI: 0.17-0.38). Conclusion: Low adherence observed suggests that new interventions should focus in modification of HCWs'' habits and attitudes, working at several levels: individual and institutional. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2007
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12. Increase in the Non-HIV-Related Deaths Among Aids Cases in the HAART Era
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de Olalla, Patricia G., Novoa, Ana M., Clos, Roser, Orcau, Angels, Rodriguez-Sanz, Maica, and Cayla, Joan A.
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Objective: To analyze the factors associated with survival and to describe the specific causes of death in a large cohort of individuals with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) era. Methods: Subjects over 13 years old recorded in the AIDS registry of Barcelona and diagnosed between 1997-2005 were included. Survival analysis was performed. Causes of death were classified as being HIV-related or non- HIV-related. Results: A total of 1,759 cases were analyzed, 640 (36.3%) of them died during the follow-up. The cumulative probability of survival at five years was of 64% (95% C.I. 62%-67%). The cause of death was non-HIV-related in 28.9% of the cases, among which the most frequent were cancers (20.8%) and liver diseases (18.8%). Conclusion: An increase in the proportion of non-HIV-related deaths has been observed compared to that in the pre-HAART era. The case management of HIV-infected people must be re-directed to influence the risk factors associated with these increasing causes of death.
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- 2008
13. Más allá del tratamiento de los problemas de salud derivados de las malas condiciones de vivienda.
- Author
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Novoa, Ana M., Malmusi, Davide, Borrell, Carme, and Ojuel Solsona, Júlia
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- 2014
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