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Background: Echinococcosis is a chronic consumptive liver disease. Little research has been carried out on the nutritional status of infected patients, though liver diseases are often associated with malnutrition. Our study investigated four different nutrition screening tools, to assess nutritional risks of hospitalized patients with echinococcosis. Methods: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), Short Form of Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and the Nutrition Risk Index (NRI) were used to assess 164 patients with alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and 232 with cystic echinococcosis (CE). Results were then compared with European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) criteria for malnutrition diagnosis. Results: According to ESPEN standards for malnutrition diagnosis, 29.2% of CE patients and 31.1% of AE patients were malnourished. The malnutrition risk rates for CE and AE patients were as follows: NRS 2002 – 40.3% and 30.7%; MUST – 51.5% and 50.9%; MNA-SF – 46.8% and 44.1%; and NRI – 51.1% and 67.4%. In patients with CE, MNA-SF and NRS 2002 results correlated well with ESPEN results (k= 0.515, 0.496). Area-under-the-curve (AUC) values of MNA-SF and NRS 2002 were 0.803 and 0.776, respectively. For patients with AE, NRS 2002 and MNA-SF results correlated well with ESPEN (k= 0.555, 0.493). AUC values of NRS 2002 and MNA-SF were 0.776 and 0.792, respectively. Conclusion: This study is the first to analyze hospitalized echinococcosis patients based on these nutritional screening tools. Our results suggest that NRS 2002 and MNA-SF are suitable tools for nutritional screening of inpatients with echinococcosis.

Hydatidosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus, which is highly prevalent in pastoral areas. In China, this disease is mainly caused by Echinococcus granulosusand Echinococcus multilocularis. Cystic echinococcosis, which is one of the most common types of echinococcosis, is described as swelling and growth of cystic lesions. Alveolar echinococcosis, which is less common, is invasive. Cases of mixed echinococcosis infection accompanied by extrahepatic organ metastasis are extremely rare. Treatment of these cases is complicated and the prognosis is extremely poor. We report a case of hepatic echinococcosis in a 40-year-old Tibetan man who was treated with the hepatic right tricuspidectomy + left hepatic duct jejunostomy (Roux-en-Y) surgical procedure. This procedure provides a reference for treatment of similar cases of echinococcosis. For patients with multiorgan metastasis, chemotherapy is the first choice. This should be followed by possible surgical treatment for life-threatening lesions of alveolar echinococcosis and subsequent chemotherapy. Individualized treatment accompanied by multidisciplinary treatment and damage control surgery could optimally benefit patients with advanced hepatic echinococcosis.