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In a highly competitive market, managing the quality of destination image is a major concern for tourism marketers and policymakers. Negative connotations attached to a destination can potentially produce forms of stigma and lead to the stigmatization of a destination. Research on stigmas attached to tourists or tourism practitioners has gained growing scholarly attention; however, empirical knowledge on the stigmas associated with a place (spatial stigma) and the underlying factors driving the stigmatization of a destination is yet to be developed in tourism literature. To fill this gap and grounded in a multidisciplinary literature on the stigma-place nexus, this study explores the stigmatization of Iran through an analysis of in-depth interviews with the representatives of country's key tourism informants. The findings of the qualitative study demonstrated how Iran's destination identity is contested. Six reinforcing forms of stigmas were identified: political, religion, security, hygiene, performance and regional stigmas. The study concludes that destination stigma is a multi-dimensional phenomenon that manifests in different ways depending on where it is generated, encountered and experienced. In adopting a more contextual approach the study offers several new perspectives on stigma production, negotiation and resistance in tourism destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quest to understand the formation and management of relationships between a firm and consumers in online contexts represents a priority for both researchers and practitioners. Consumer engagement is central to furthering such understanding and encouraging satisfaction, commitment, and trust, as popular enabling variables. Recent calls to broaden and deepen consumer engagement nomological networks motivate the current study, which aims to include place identity (PI) as a promising feature. Because it is integral to individual self-identity, PI could provide a stable, enduring complement to attitudinal constructs. Amos 25 was used to analyze survey data from 250 online travel consumers in Taiwan, and the results reveal that PI fully mediates the effects of engagement, commitment, and satisfaction on loyalty intentions; in particular, it explains an additional 24% of the variance in this outcome. The effects of consumer engagement and PI on satisfaction and loyalty, respectively, also grow significantly stronger at low levels of consumer trust. Taken together, these findings establish the important, unique role of PI for facilitating loyalty intentions in online travel contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to revisit the concepts of city singularity and identity, as well as the concept's related topics (i.e. place identity, place attachment and place dependence). The aim is to investigate the impact of development projects on people's preferences for old and contemporary features in modern cities. The evidence for this can be seen mainly at historical sites such as Heliopolis in Cairo, Egypt. Design/methodology/approach: The authors investigated how development projects affect place identity and city singularity through a three-step process. As a first step, an online questionnaire was administered to experts to assess the characteristics that shape the identity of local districts. In the second and third steps, interviews were conducted, followed by online surveys directed at Heliopolis residents and non-residents. The weight of people's preferences was determined using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). Findings: The results highlighted people's preferences to consider when developing projects at historical sites. Based on these preferences, the authors' concluded remarks provide insight into some considerations for developing projects in historic places. Originality/value: The added value here is surveying people's preferences about development projects in historical places. The physical and social components interplay contributes to city identity and singularity. Based on these preferences, this investigation offers valuable insights into enhancing historical site development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej is the property of Redakcja Przegladu Socjologii Jakosciowej and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper explores the hypothesis that devoicing and deletion of /-d/ can index Madrilenian localness in part because of how these variants are experienced when they happen in the city's name. Drawing on the notions of enregisterment and metapragmatic stereotypes, this study examines how sociolinguistic variation and linguistic ideology contribute to this indexicality. The data set consists of readings, sociolinguistic interviews, and metalinguistic talk produced by 35 participants from multiple neighborhoods in Madrid. Quantitative analyses examine how /-d/ allophony in the word Madrid patterns with speakers' characteristics and speech style. A qualitative analysis explores the explicit form-meaning links that emerge in participants' evaluative comments about various ways of saying Madrid, as well as the underlying ideologies these associations reveal. Results show correlations in usage and recurrent discursive patterns that support the study's hypothesis. When the word Madrid is used and talked about, the social deixis of /-d/ allophony interacts with the place deictic function of the word to conjure up certain indexicalities that can be exploited to construct locally meaningful personae. By exploring the interaction between phonetic variation and the pragmatic practice of place naming, this study expands our understanding of the development of social meaning, specifically localness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article food and food practices are used as a lens to access the narratives of identity constructed by immigrant Muslim women living in Fordsburg, Johannesburg, an urban space renowned for its many eating places and street food culture. Fordsburg, affectionately known as 'Foodsburg' to locals, has played host to diverse communities in its history who have left their influence in numerous ways. The reciprocal impact of person on place and place on person is highlighted through this purposeful selection of Fordsburg as a geographic site of enquiry. Sensory experiences were shared by participants, both positive – the smells of familiar food, the sights of familiar ingredients, the sounds of home language, and negative − the lack of taste and texture in some ingredients, among others. The research collected a number of narratives that weave together everyday practices of food and culture, including purchasing, preparation and consumption across time and place. The voices of the participants highlight the sensuous relationship to food of immigrant women in re-making home in Fordsburg and through re-membering the places that resonate with belonging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case study on the Kymi River Opera in south-eastern Finland, at the former border between Sweden and Russia, explores the potential of local operas to re-create a sense of place identity in a contemporary society in which people often seek to reconstruct identity through place memory. By engaging with Christopher Small’s (1998) idea of ‘musicking’ and drawing on studies of place identity and place memory, the study focuses on how a local opera can strive towards new identity constructions through revitalising the forgotten local, historical past. Based on a purposive sample, the data consists of semi-structured interviews and direct observation of the participants of the Kymi River Opera. Three thematic areas on the meanings of the opera, as conveyed by the participants, were identified in the abductive qualitative analysis: 1) Construction of a new place memory; 2) Equal possibility for participation; and 3) Integration of cultural politics and educational goals. The findings show the political nature of local opera in describing how the Kymi River Opera has become an arena for the politics of memory and place-making after a municipal merger in the 1990s had resulted in a sense of loss of local identity [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - Adopting Mapping Literature, the purpose of this study is to notice the tendency in defining contextualism through extrinsic aspects neglecting the intrinsic ones generating three theoretical gaps in understanding contextualism, especially in terms of (1) physical/cultural aspects (P/C); (2) traditional vs contemporary architecture (T/C); and (3) place identity (PI). Design/methodology/approach - A directed systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to investigate the Web of Science and Google Scholar engines for the related studies, resulting in 66 texts of book chapters, conferences, articles and practitioners' texts. Using the PRISMA reporting method, the study presented the SLR procedure that narrowed the related studies to 66 texts of book chapters, conferences, articles and practitioners' texts. Both consensus and debates in understanding the relation between contextualism and (T/C, P/C and PI) were re-visited (see Appendix). Findings - According to the findings, the studies tend to address contextualism through either extrinsic or intrinsic values. The undefined balance between extrinsic and intrinsic aspects in understanding and creating contextual architecture seems to be the common reason why the three theoretical gaps exist. Originality/value - This paper did not only conduct an SLR investigation on the topic, which is limited in the field, but it also highlighted the need for further and constant discussions despite the previous one to improve the understanding of contextual architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the night economy contributes widely to cities, regions, and nations worldwide, resident value co-creation, has been a topic of significant interest. Although there is a growing interest in value co-creation, there is limited research on how multi-sensory stimulation affects residents engaged in night-time leisure. It is also unclear whether a place could instigate value co-creation with local residents by strategically selecting appropriate sensory stimuli, and if so, how. Using a mixed methods approach, this study draws on the sensory marketing framework to explore the process by which residents' multi-sensory perceptions evoke emotion and subsequently influence value co-creation. The structural equation modelling indicated that multi-sensory experience, place identity and place dependence, positively impacted value co-creation, and results of the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis revealed 12 combined paths that could stimulate value co-creation. These findings provide actionable insights for DMOs to tailor sensory marketing initiatives, maximising resident value creation in night-time leisure. • Multi-sensory experiences enhance residents' value co-creation in night-time leisure. • Place identity and place dependence are crucial for residents' value co-creation. • Residents' value co-creation is a complex process driven by both external stimuli and internal psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urgent need for climate change adaptation is becoming more pronounced as climate impacts pervade across all scales. To overcome growing constraints on adaptation, research on the social dimensions of adaptation behaviour is of increasing importance. In this respect, there is an expanding body of literature exploring how place attachment influences climate adaptation. However, studies on this relationship have thus far been sporadic and disconnected. We set out to evaluate existing literature with the goal of seeking a comprehensive perspective of current trends and gaps in research practice, and to identify whether place attachment aided or constrained adaptation. A systematic review was undertaken which identified 72 relevant research articles. We quantitatively assessed the research focus of these studies including the type of climate impact and type of adaptation being studied, as well as, study location, methods used and findings. We also conducted a thematic analysis of studies to elicit major emerging links related to attachment and adaptation. Our findings affirm the complex and dynamic nature of this relationship; specifically, we find that effect of place attachment on climate adaptation action are subject to the climate risk perceptions and personal values of the individual, contextual manifestations of climate change impacts, and local sociocultural processes. We identify several gaps in current research, particularly in terms of geography and demography which has implications for equitable climate adaptation. We highlight the need for longitudinal studies, especially from the perspective of successful climate planning and policy and changing environments; and emphasise the importance of incorporating comprehensive insight on place attachment in climate adaptation planning and decision-making processes. • The extent & manner of influence on adaptation depends on social values & perceptions. • If impacted, attachment could lead to opposition or reduced support for adaptation. • Place-based factors that derive attachment should be accounted for in planning & policy. • More studies based in countries in the global south are needed. • Longitudinal studies are necessary to understand effect of changing circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging public discourse about making a "tree change", "green change", or "sea change" emphasizes the putative benefits of working and residing in regional Australia. Yet, attracting and retaining workers in the regions is a challenge for policymakers, governments, and industries. The present research involved two separate surveys of people residing in regional Australian communities to discern demographic and psychological predictors of their intent to stay in their region: income, years in the region, family, life satisfaction, job satisfaction, and place identity. Multiple regression analyses found incremental evidence of place identity as a predictor of intent to stay. The findings regarding place identity have implications for career development practice, human resources recruitment strategies, and public policy focused on regional Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultural landscape carries symbolic values or at least narratives that inspire experiences and create identities. Landscape is not just what we see but also how we see it: we use our eyes but interpret with our minds and ascribe values to the landscape for intangible reasons. Heritage protection seeks to save cultural values. In the northernmost part of Europe there are strong non-visible local elements of the Sámi landscape, but they are not always visible to the professionals evaluating it. Understanding tangible and intangible values of the landscape is crucial for guiding planning and land use. For the Sámi people, their cultural landscape is created through interactions between humans and nature over the course of many generations. The general Finnish view emphasises a cultural landscape as something modified and built by humans, and the Sámi region has been interpreted as a wilderness in the regional or even the national cultural landscape inventories. Being able to identify important values in the landscape allows the Sámi cultural heritage to carry itself forward and, thus, to help maintain the vitality of the Sámi culture. This article presents a contribution for specific challenges connected with the Sámi cultural landscapes and land use in northern Finland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted in a traditional mining area in Romania-the Rovinari Carboniferous Basin-from which in 1976 the communist authorities relocated about 800 people, two churches, and a cemetery to a new location in the village of Iași, Gorj County, in order to expand coal mining operations. Using the triangulation method, we gathered data from 139 questionnaires, 30 interviews, and ethnographic observations to highlight the ways in which the traumatic memories of the communist period are evoked today by the displaced population and perceived by the younger generation. Apart from some post-communist memories that cast the communist regime in a positive light, respondents largely condemned the regime, which, by threatening to take away their work, forced them to move to a new location. This relocation had profound implications in respondents' personal and family mentality represented first by the destruction of local cultural property or heritage and later by the appearance of trauma and respondents' implicit attachment to the places they had lost. The history of those times is taught through the intergenerational transmission of memories at home as a place of family identity or at church as the centre of spirituality for the Romanian village. Bringing household items from the old destroyed location to the new location strengthened respondents' postcommunist memory and helped to heal or alleviate their past trauma. However, beyond the differing political considerations expressed by those we interviewed and questioned, the complexity of post-communist memory, whichis tense and nuanced, remains relevant under deeper scrutiny. • 800 people, 248 houses, 2 churches, and a cemetery were displaced and relocated. • House is a true predictor and the key of place attachment and place identity. • Personal stories of place attachment serve as the basis of intergenerational memory. • Domestic artefacts are evidence of the past, an evocation of nostalgic feelings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• LUDs risk resulting in residents struggling to develop place identity/attachment. • Discourses associated with entrepreneurial urbanism can result in image-reality gaps. • Ørestad, Copenhagen failed to become the cosmopolitan metropole it was intended to. • Image-reality gaps resulted in experiences of transition and opposition in Ørestad. This paper explores the lived space of entrepreneurial urbanism in Ørestad, a 1990s mega-project still under development on the edge of Copenhagen. Drawing upon in-depth interviews, interactive map-making and critical discourse analysis, it shows that imaginaries of urban competition, place branding and cosmopolitanism have only superficially been internalized by residents as part of their lived space in Ørestad, even revealing contradictory everyday practices and experiences. Rather than the cosmopolitan metropole and connected city space it was conceived to become, the district is experienced as a disconnected housing satellite without much street life, as a stepping stone to something better by reducing home to exchange value, and as an area with a community based in opposition. A sense of place identity and place attachment does exist for many Ørestaders but it is born out of 'do-it-yourself mentality' and reaction to a sense of ephemerality. The lived space of entrepreneurial urbanism in Ørestad can only partly be understood by what the district is, but much more by what it is not – i.e. by what it lacks from the perspective of its residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture / Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article offers a systematic concept analysis of place identity, a concept central to place branding, suffering from conceptual confusion. The study provides an overview of related terminology, theoretical foundations, conceptualizations, and associated operationalizations of place-related identity concepts. Building on identity theory and a thematic analysis of measurement items gathered, a framework conceptualizing place-related identity elements is proposed, distinguishing between different dimensions of identification. Results show a range of cognitive, affective, and conative and evaluative elements of place identity/identification and applicable testable sub-dimensions. Findings show how different labels have been applied to identify what appear to be conceptually equivalent constructs. Potential links between elements, outcomes, and related concepts are discussed and recommendations for measurement approaches, construction of measurement scales, and future research are presented. Results highlight the need for research in the area to exert stringency when applying the terms in their research and to carefully define and delineate concepts when gathering data and reporting results. • Contributes to the conceptualization and taxonomy of place identity. • Provides a framework of the place identity/identification construct. • Gives an overview of a range of measures organized into (testable) dimensions. • Clarifies the relationship between place identity and place image. • Presents elements relevant to strengthen stakeholders' place identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyse new architectural works that were created within the ruins of castles and fortifications. The contribution addresses the question whether it is possible to indicate common features in these types of objects, by studying what changed and how it changed in the complexes of historic ruins by introducing a new layer: a new form in their space. The analysis covers eight complexes of castle ruins located in Europe, all being important elements of local historical heritage, all preserved in their historical forms as permanent ruins. Such places are characterised by high imageability, which is conducive to maintaining interest, despite political or ideological changes. The need to introduce new functions, which is connected with this interest, raises questions related to preserving the identity and authenticity of the place, while at the same time building relationships with modern architecture. The research concerned examples from Europe, mostly post-competition works. Research and analysis have shown that all the objects are characterised by well thought-out urban solutions and carefully selected locations of new buildings within the existing historic ruins, thereby helping maintain the structural order between the existing and the new spatial forms. Interventions within the castle ruins were carried out using modern architectural language, using modern techniques and solutions, with great attention to detail. They are characterised by the abstraction of new forms and the creative reinterpretation of existing architectural elements and material solutions of the monuments. The consciously applied contrast of forms and materials means that the historical heritage is being rediscovered, enriched with new, currently necessary functions. In all the described works, the introduction of new spatial experiences within existing objects constituted a significant value. The examples analysed show that the experience and analysis of the broadly understood historical, urban and architectural context are conducive to the creation of valuable architectural works. The characteristics of these examples may contribute to a broader debate on the dialogue between historical heritage and contemporary architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - This study aims to identify how the place identity of the former Portuguese neighbourhood of St Lazarus was reshaped for the purposes of place branding, tourism and consumption in post-colonial Macau. Design/methodology/approach - This study sees place identity as a constructed multiplicity whose components are strategically assembled to (re)make the self. It uses the Deleuze-Guattarian theory of assemblage to analyse identity-making, specifically to examine how urban elements, including material content (material qualities of forms, programmes and life) and narrative expressions (interpretations of place), come together to shape the sense of place. Findings - The heritage conservation policy and creative district planning guidance are overarching controls. Following them, several material and narrative elements are connected. The colonial character of the architecture is reinforced and an artistic atmosphere is created, while inhabitants' everyday life is suppressed and the difficult past is almost erased. The newly processed post-colonial identity seems another kind of colonisation. Coloniality as a power relationship continues in a different form. The hidden structure driving these processes is global capitalism. Originality/value - Studies on colonial architectural heritage in Macau, particularly outside of the UNESCO World Heritage Site, remain relatively scarce. This study aims to fill this gap and to further examine the Deleuze-Guattarian theory in the context of place study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a form of craft, quilts have existed for centuries comprised of a top layer with pieced, embroidered, or appliqued materials (or a combination), a middle layer of batting or wadding, and a backing. Quilt patterns have become more diverse in the last forty years, moving away from traditional quilt blocks repeated across the quilt's surface to all-over designs or detailed scenes from material appliqued or fused to the surface. Previous research on the geographical distribution of quiltmaking has found variations in materials, patterns, and the process of quilting itself. This paper uses a new data source - a series of patterns designed by local quilt shops - to explore how contemporary quilting reflects place identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the differences in place identity between residents of rural and urban communities. Differently from previous research comparing place identity between neighborhoods or countries, our study focuses on the local community type (urban or rural) as a key determinant of place identity. This fills a research gap in environmental social psychology, frequently ignoring the role of community type in shaping people's relationship with their local community. In particular, we analyze to what extent residents of rural communities present greater levels of cognitive, affective and evaluative place identity than their urban counterparts. Based on data from 1153 residents of Spanish rural and urban areas, results reveal that there is no difference between both environments in cognitive place identity. However, residents in rural communities show greater levels of affective and evaluative place identity than city dwellers. In addition, age moderates the influence of community type (urban vs. rural) on affective and evaluative dimensions of place identity. The discussion helps explain how place identity is developed differently in rural and urban locations. The study concludes that these differences are not caused by community size, but by community type and its personal relevance. • Differences in place identity between urban and rural communities are analyzed. • Affective and evaluative place identity are greater in rural areas. • Cognitive place identity does not differ between rural and urban environments. • Age moderates the effect of community type on evaluative and affective place identity. • It is not community size, but community type which shapes place identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals for Istrian & Mediterranean Studies / Annales: Series Historia et Sociologia is the property of Historical Society of Southern Primorska of Koper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• The construction of nostalgia is no longer predicated upon the existence of original historical environments. • A cyclical place-making process in an interdisciplinary discourse is revealed by a co-creation model. • The assessment of authenticity should go beyond the subject-object dichotomy in a post-modern society. In order to shape a nostalgic atmosphere, recreating traditional built environments has emerged as a new spatial typology in China's urban development, termed in this paper as "new nostalgic space". Although scholars have extensively discussed this spatial phenomenon from various perspectives, a comprehensive and dialectical understanding has yet to be fully formed, particularly at the level of place-making. Taking Lane 1192 in Shanghai as a case study, this paper employs qualitative research methods to illustrate how different roles shape a nostalgic atmosphere and stimulate emotional resonance, aiming to explore the process, approach, and logic of place-making while discussing the academic debate on authenticity. The findings reveal a dynamic and interactive place-making logic involving four core elements: filtering, construction, landscaping, and imagination. It creates a sense of place through cyclic practice, ultimately resulting in place identity. It demonstrates that beyond materiality, everyday life and experiences equally hold an indispensable role in shaping the authenticity and meanings of places. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Communication strategies designed to strengthen individual and community climate action play a key role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and averting worst-case climate scenarios. However, communicating climate change in a way that motivates action remains a significant challenge. Through two experimental surveys with representative samples of Australian residents (n 1 =723, n 2 =729), we investigated whether climate messages that highlight relevant and iconic places, such as the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), could strengthen individual action on climate change and if so, what messages are most effective in motivating climate-related behaviour. Participants were randomly allocated to receive one of eight messages about climate change and/or the GBR, or a control condition. In Study 1, we found that climate messages centred around the GBR are more effective in strengthening intentions to adopt energy reduction behaviours than generic (non-reef) climate messages when compared to control. However, we find that they are limited in their ability to motivate more impactful civic and social behaviours, including those which seek to influence climate policy support. In Study 2, we found that messages emphasising collective efficacy can enhance message effect and influence the uptake of a broader range of behaviours, both intentions and in situ behaviour. Mediation analysis suggests that this effect was largely driven by emotions related to distress and that place identity and positive emotions did not play a significant role. This research offers an alternative for those looking to expand beyond traditional climate communication strategies and has implications for both theory and practice. [Display omitted] • Centring climate messages around iconic places may promote action. • We conduct two messaging experiments using the Great Barrier Reef as an example. • Reef messages can strengthen behavioural intentions compared to generic messages. • Collective efficacy statements and public-sphere calls to action enhance the effect. • Message effect is largely driven by emotional responses related to distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between spatial mobility and place attachment has always been an important part of the psychology of place. However, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the context of international migration. Thus, this paper brings together the existing scholarship on place attachment and migration studies in order to discuss the development of place attachment among settled migrants, focusing on the example of Poles living in London and Oslo. Drawing on 60 semi-structured in-depth interviews, it is argued that people's bonding with a new place of residence could be described more adequately as a dynamic process rather than through static typologies. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that different aspects of place attachment, namely place dependence, place discovered, place identity, and place inherited, often coexist and may emerge gradually in the process of adaptation to a new urban setting. • Studying migrants' place attachment as a process offers a new insight. • Different aspects of place attachment emerge gradually with time and may coexist. • Even first generation migrants may develop strong bonds with their destination places. • Relative forms of attachment based on affordances or direct experiences emerge fast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates attendees' attachment to the place where a festival is held and their attachment to the festival itself as predictors of environmentally responsible behaviours (ERBs) at the festival. Pre- and post-visit surveys were conducted with 405 participants. The pre-visit survey, completed before attendance at a music festival, measured visitors' place attachment and festival attachment, while the post-visit survey, measured on-site ERB. Group interviews were conducted on-site to investigate the concepts in greater depth. Findings suggest that place attachment is strongly related to on-site ERBs, with the place identity component of place attachment making the strongest contribution; while festival attachment related moderately to on-site ERBs, with the festival identity component of festival attachment making the strongest contribution. Further research on place identity as a separate construct from place attachment and festival identity as separate construct from festival attachment is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a powerful narrative of Umeå as a progressive, gender-equal, tolerant city which has been important in relation to the investments in culture that the city has made, including the European Capital of Culture Year 2014. Viewing the city as process, as negotiated and contested representation, we study how narratives of gender-equality figure throughout Capital of Culture year, Umeå2014, and in the projects that were part of it. We examine how the talk about gender-equality interacts with notions of place and how they are interconnected with each other. We are interested in what happens with a major cultural project when gender-equality is emphasized as one of the key values, at the same time as the meaning and content of this concept is not specified. Studying official documents and municipal webpages concerning Umeå as European Capital of Culture, applications for co-funding of cultural projects and news articles, we scrutinize how gender-equality is used and given meaning by looking at the way it is operationalized both by the city officials and by those engaging in cultural activities. Gender equality became something that was highlighted in the bid to become European Capital of Culture and in the making of the programme for the year, and stories about the Umeå2014's success in implementing a gender-equality perspective have been repeated and woven together into a yet another narrative of Umeå. They became part of an ongoing negotiation of the city's identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study uses a sample drawn from 317 residents (Emiratis and expatriates) of the city of Dubai and a two-step procedure based on structural equation modelling and a conditional process analysis to investigate 1) the direct and/or indirect effects of place dependence and place identity on residents' reactions to mega events; 2) to provide the boundary conditions for these relationships by examining the role of length of residence and gender. The findings reveal the mediating role of place identity in the relationship between place dependence and residents’ reactions to mega events, while there is no evidence of the moderating role of length of residence and gender. The proposed model visualises important interrelations between human-place bonds and how they may be converted into positive and supportive reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture / Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Following Williams' (2014) call for a more thoughtful approach to the study of place meaning , the present study employs a phenomenological research paradigm to elicit deeply personal meanings formed through conservation volunteerism. A photovoice protocol (n = 18) and life history interviews (n = 53) explore meaningful places for volunteer “stewards” in Scottsdale, Arizona's McDowell Sonoran Conservancy. Inductive thematic text analysis reveals how these volunteers form identity-expressive meanings that transcend and traverse geographic place scales. Results suggest that the concept of place identity is more than a sub-construct of place attachment , and requires further theorizing as a phenomenologically-embodied experience. Nonprofits and municipalities can learn from the organization's success in fostering an environmental steward identity as a means of community building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigated the place attachment of a heritage place, namely, the Roman amphitheater, by using a valid model, the Kyle, Graefe, and Manning (2005) model. This model presents three factors to reach place attachment: place identification, place dependence, and social bonding. Although the validity of the used model was proved, statistical tests were used to verify the validity of the collected data because the model was used on a heritage site. In accordance with the mentioned model, the sample was interviewed using the model questionnaire to evaluate people's attachment to the heritage place during rush hours. Along with other statistical tests, the exploratory factor analysis of the sample elaborated that the Kyle, Graefe, and Manning model is not completely valid for this study, because the results added a new effective factor, namely, spiritual value. The place attachment estimation was then examined using the new model. The nature of the place was found to affect the model used to evaluate its place attachment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migrants are faced with the task of creating a sense of home in a new context. As migrants grow older in their host countries, they are also making important decisions on where to live out the rest of their lives, making salient the places they attach themselves to. Place attachment, and its subcomponents of place identity and place dependence, are concepts that have been explored in the ageing and migration literature, demonstrating that positive, emotional attachments to places are positively correlated with better health outcomes. Although it has been established that individuals' attachments to places are dynamic, multidimensional and change over the life course, there is a paucity of research exploring the place attachments of migrants as they age using a life course approach. This study adopted a life course approach to investigate how the components of place attachment shifted over time for migrant people in Aotearoa New Zealand as they aged, and to better understand the mechanisms and barriers to establishing a sense of home in a foreign land. We examined the narratives of ten older migrants (65 years or older) who migrated to Aotearoa before the age of 50. Key findings illustrated that all participants had strong place identities (i.e., explicit self-identification and sense of belonging) to their countries of origin before migrating to Aotearoa, all participants developed strong place dependence (i.e., fulfilment of functional needs) to Aotearoa over their life course, but not everyone was able to develop place identity to Aotearoa. Mechanisms such as language, cultural attitudes, and values can both facilitate and prevent attachments to either home or host country. These results uncover how Aotearoa's ageing migrants negotiate their attachments to places over the life course. • Participants had strong place identities to their countries of origin premigration. • Participants developed place dependence to Aotearoa over the lifespan. • Participants negotiate place attachments with significant others (e.g., family). • A life course history approach is needed to fully understand place attachment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The environmental features can support place attachment. • Place attachment dimensions were positively associated with walking. • The perceived neighbourhood walkability was a mediator. The urban design features of a location are important for facilitating people's attachment to places. Attachment to particular places, such as residential neighbourhoods, may encourage people to adopt and maintain physical activity routines. Moreover, the ways in which people perceive the built features in their neighbourhood (e.g., neighbourhood walkability) may mediate the relations between place attachment and physical activity behaviour. Therefore, this exploratory study examined the associations between place attachment and neighbourhood-specific physical activity and explored the extent to which perceived neighbourhood walkability mediates these associations. The study included data from 1,800 adults living in Calgary, Canada. Place attachment (including identity and dependence), physical activity, and neighbourhood walkability were self-reported using validated tools. Linear and logistic regression models were applied to estimate the associations between variables. Mediation was assessed using structural equation modelling. Place attachment dimensions were significantly positively associated (p < 0.05) with weekly participation (odds) and time spent walking for transport and recreation. The associations between place attachment and walking for transport were also mediated by perceived neighbourhood walkability. Together, these findings emphasise the crucial role of place attachment, particularly human bonding and relationships with the neighbourhood environment , in supporting physically active lifestyles and promoting public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The number of pedestrian streets, police stops, and decibel level are negatively correlated with sense of place. • The number of street trees was the urban parameter that worst predicted sense of place. • Prior expectations and perceived quality of life do have significant mediating effects on sense of place. • We propose positive and negative feedback theoretical models that optimize the prediction of sense of place. Urban planning design considers sense of place attributed to the environment because it is important to quality of life and influences citizen support for planning proposals. In this paper, the physical and geographic characteristics that increase and decrease levels of sense of place were analyzed. Mediation effects of prior expectations and belief in urban legends attributed to specific environments were controlled for. A total of 1727 residents from 10 different districts of the city of Barcelona participated. Empirical urban parameters were measured for each district (e.g., hectares of parks and rate of streets with noise above 60 dB) and the weight with which they predicted levels of sense of place was objectively quantified. Perceived quality of life and residents' positive expectations of green spaces were measured also. Structural equation modeling (SEM) assessed theory relating green environments to sense of place and tested which urban elements had a detrimental effect. When including the mediating effects of prior expectations and perceived quality of life, urban parameters related to green spaces predicted increases in sense of place between 11% and 40%. Decibels, pedestrian streets, and the number of police arrests predicted systematic reductions in sense of place between 18% and 20%. Accordingly, the authors proposed two urban models of positive and negative feedback on sense of place. Application of these will improve urban planning by enhancing decision making efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism academia has attempted to individually explore the concepts of visiting experience, place identity, narratives, and history museums, but it has rarely delved into the deep and sometimes murky waters of the intimate connection among these notions. Focusing on the Museum of History in present-day identity torn Hong Kong, the current study sheds light on the identitarian and ideological implications visiting this museum has for Hong Kong born-and-raised Millennials. The findings challenge the current understanding of place identity at heritage sites of contested identity by revealing the subtle, sensitive, and fluid connections between individual and official narratives, and also among the investigated concepts. They also raise important critical assumptions about the politics of museography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the confusion on the definition of place attachment and its overlap with other related terms in landscape study. Besides a theoretical framework of place attachment was formed to help on the assessment of place attachment. This can help to underpin an understanding of the importance of place attachment in modern urban design processes and to protect such identities to form a better urban environment. Moreover, the paper propose a way to assess the place attachment via modern Virtual Reality technology, in searching for a better way to assess the term, hence helping practitioners to better identify and protect the elements that contribute to place attachment. Its guidance ability on finding place attachment elements in urban development process provides a strong practical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In depopulating rural areas, one of the main issues is how to deal with the decline of local facilities such as schools, post-offices and shops. It is often feared that closure of a local facility will negatively affect the accessibility of that service and the liveability of the village. This paper examines how villagers experience the loss of a small local supermarket. Building on the concept of sense of place, we examine how people's attitude towards place-change relates to the functional, social, symbolic and emotional meanings a supermarket can have for individuals and for a community. A survey (n = 312) was conducted shortly before the closure of the supermarket in Ulrum, a depopulating village in the rural North of the Netherlands. The results show that negative evaluation of closure can be explained by individual emotional attachment to the supermarket and by the general symbolic value of a supermarket for a village. Contradictory to popular belief, perceptions of decreasing accessibility or diminishing liveability do not exemplify why many residents react negatively to the closure of the supermarket. In the Dutch rural context, access is only an issue for a relatively small group of people consisting mostly of elderly and less mobile citizens, while large groups of villagers may react negatively to closure of rural facilities. We propose that in different international contexts people may experience senses of loss and can react negatively to facility-decline due to the social, symbolic and emotional meaning of rural facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contributes to existing literature by developing a quantitative method for analyzing the city soul - a concept here used to study cities' distinguishing features. The method is based in theory and tested by means of a survey, in which ∼2,500 households in Sweden answered questions about their city. Results from e.g. regression analysis indicate significant relationships between the perceived strength of a city's soul and the residents' relation to their city as well as their perceptions of its characteristics. Particularly, the city soul seems to be linked to feelings of pride, attachment and belonging and to city characteristics related to art, beauty and stories about the cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the variation in attachment to place and dwelling with the variation in caste, educational qualification and income with particular focus on people displaced by development projects. Five constructs have been used as the measure of attachment on which the variation has been investigated. The findings are based on the responses of families living in 3 villages which were being displaced for a power plant project in the state of Orissa, India. Significant difference was found in the attachment to the natural setting, dwelling, place identity and place dependence between the higher and lower castes, and between respondents of varying educational qualification and incomes. However no statistically significant variation (at α = 0.05) was found in the community attachment and cultural identity of respondents of different educational qualification and income. Though variation in attachment has been studied in previous researches, this study focuses on project affected people and is an attempt to understand the variation in losses perceived by people of different social and economic status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contemporary farming context across western countries is experiencing a period of dramatic demographic, social, environmental and economic change. This is having a significant impact particularly in countries such as Australia with a long culture of generational family farming sustained by patrilineal farm succession. Generational farmers maintain strong attachment and unique relationships with place as farms are both homes and sites of production. Retirement involves a reconfiguration of place identity and in the context of change, farming couples contemplating retirement now face unprecedented challenges as they age, with the younger generation reluctant to follow. Drawing on Australian data, this article utilises place identity theory to examine the role of place identity in older farming couples' retirement considerations. Findings are drawn from a 'small story' narrative study of six older generational farming couples, all still actively farming the land. A small story approach permits examination of the ways couples position retirement and how place identity affects couples' agency as they contemplate retirement. The collection of data across two time points, 18 months apart, enabled couples to reflect on how they individually and collectively viewed retirement over time. Findings suggest that the uni-dimensionality of farming men's place identities may be marginalising women as couples navigate the prospect of retirement. The implications of this study are broader than the Australian context as the family farming model remains the most prevalent form of agricultural enterprise across the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the rapid globalization growth, a tourism environment sets standardization to compete to be more attractive. Hence, it requires the peculiarity of tourism objects which indicates place identity. This research aims to examine distinctiveness as one of place identity principle. It focuses on natural environment in Karo Regency, North Sumatera, Indonesia. A mixed-use method was conducted by investigating the variables, i.e. landmark, uniqueness, particular character, and different perception. The result shows that the attractiveness of natural scenery, culture, and traditional buildings embed the distinctivenessprinciplewhile uniqueness and particular character require appropriate strategies in enhancing and supporting natural-based tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional population decline has become a major problem for many rural areas in developed countries. The threat of regional decline due to population shrinkage may have a disruptive effect on people's attachment to their place of residence. This study explored the role of time perspective (past, present, and future) in the residential context, termed residential time perspective , as a potential mediator of the relationship between regional decline and place attachment. A survey was conducted among residents (n = 1000) living in municipalities in Japan that exhibited various rates of estimated population decline. Participants living in rural areas with higher rates of population decline reported more negative time perspectives and less attachment to their places of residence compared with participants living in urban areas. Multiple mediation analyses confirmed the viability of residential time perspective as a mediator of the relationship between residents' perceptions of regional decline and place attachment. Rural residency with a threat of regional decline moderated the mediation effect at the individual level, with significant mediation occurring through the past dimension. We suggest that the concept of residential time perspective can improve our understanding of place attachment processes and merits consideration in the context of regional sustainability. • The role of residential time perspective (future, present, and past) is addressed. • Residents in areas with population decline have lower attachment to the place. • Residential time perspective mediated the disruption process of place attachment. • Rural residency with a threat of regional decline moderated the mediation effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, many cities are experiencing many natural disasters and hazards due to climate change, particularly in the Global South. Environmental risks increase acute community vulnerabilities that worsen the effects of these hazards and make a recovery more difficult. However, community resilience can decrease people's vulnerabilities and improve their capacity to cope with and adapt to environmental hazards. It is assumed that place identity, as a cultural resource, can positively affect the resilience of communities. This exploratory survey research, thus, aims to understand the relationship between place identity and community resilience. Data is gathered using a questionnaire survey and analyzed using the principal component analysis. Case studies are two local communities in Isfahan, Iran, the Abbas Abad neighborhood and Barazandeh neighborhood, affected by the drying up of Zayandehrood River's aqueducts. The study results show a positive correlation between place identity and community resilience in the selected communities. The community with a stronger place identity tended to show stronger community resilience than the other. Therefore, it can be concluded that improving place identity might contribute to better community adaptation and recovery in times of slow-onset or sudden environmental disruptions. However, this relationship should not be considered a causal relationship. The present study highlights the role of place identity in community adaptive capacities and helps policymakers better plan to enhance community resilience. Policymakers can use the study's results to empower the communities facing slow-onset environmental disruptions. • Community resilience is essential for dealing with environmental hazards. • We study the linkage between place identity and community resilience. • The case studies are two communities in Iran with different characteristics. • We find a positive correlation between place identity and community resilience. • We propose frameworks for enhancement of place identity and community resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of information technology and the popularization of the internet economy have triggered the transformation of rural livelihoods and social networks, impacting villagers' emotional connections to their places. Taking Beiqishui village, a typical specialized village that produces kiwi fruit, as a case, this study examines how the villagers' economic roles, economic links, and economic rhythms have changed and how these changes are associated with the changes in the emotional connection between humans and places in the context of the internet economy. First, as a new means of livelihood for rural residents, WeChat business has encouraged them to become active economic actors, facilitating the development of their self-worth, family attachment, and place identity. Second, the collective mutual assistance and trust that are established through online economic links have a positive effect on the development of rural communities and the formation of collective identity and a sense of pride. Third, the economic rhythms influenced by WeChat business have made the construction of place identity dynamic. Our study suggests that the construction of place identity cannot be fully understood without considering economic factors, which are fundamental and even decisive in the place identity formation process. As a result of WeChat business, Beiqishui village has transformed into a lively, attractive, and booming area that benefits from digital technologies. • As a new mode of livelihood, WeChat business has reshaped the relationship between humans and place in rural China. • New economic roles, economic links, and economic rhythms led by WeChat business has promoted place identity reconstruction. • Economic factors have significant effects on cultural meaning and identity. • WeChat business has transformed the village into a lively and attractive community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social commitment to the environment, ecological attitudes and sense of place are essential indicators for the development of public policies aimed at environmental sustainability. Natural disasters are major events that affect people's well-being and perception of their environment. The objective of this research was to test the effects and consequences of the eruption of the volcano on the Spanish island of La Palma on 502 participants during a 10-month follow up. Of the total sample, 281 were direct victims of the volcanic eruptions and 221 participants formed the control group. Multiple analyses of variance were applied with repeated measures and by distinguishing the victim group and the control group participants. Three quadratic functions were also fitted relating the time variable to the following indicators: ecological attitudes, sense of place and perceived anxiety levels. In addition, the degree of commitment to nature was measured. The results found that this natural disaster predicted reductions in pro-ecological attitudes with an overall weight of 30.8% (43.9% for the victim group only) and 26.3% (36.8% for the victim group only) in sense of place. On the other hand, when analyzing stress levels, the natural disaster was able to explain 21.2% overall (92.8% for the victim group only) of the increases. The quadratic functions indicated that reductions and increases tended to stabilize two months after the natural disaster. We discuss the theorizing implicit in these effects and the implications they have for the development of public policies for environmental sustainability. • The psychosocial impact of the La Palma volcano eruption disaster and its implications for public policies were analyzed. • Natural disasters alter and damage the pro-ecological attitudes and sense of place of the affected victims. • We identify paradoxical effects: levels of commitment to nature tend to increase as the natural disaster progresses. • Paradoxical effects can be explained by social learning theories based on the victims' cognitive-belief systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Social environments still matter in the rapid market transition context of China. • Commodity housing residents do not necessarily have stronger place attachment. • Social ties are the strongest predictor of place identity. • Housing conditions are the strongest predictor of place dependence. • Place attachment should be understood from both identity and dependence. Place attachment, as an important emotional and functional bond between people and place, has received extensive attention in the early-21st century. This trend is especially evident in China, where rapid market transitions have fundamentally changed urban neighborhoods. Using a survey of residents in Guangzhou, China, remote sensing imagery, geographic information system (GIS) techniques, and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), this study investigates the role of physical and social environments in place attachment. Results indicate that commodity housing residents generally do not necessarily have strong place attachment. However, higher quality physical and social environments do contribute to stronger place attachment. Specifically, perceived housing conditions, social ties, sense of security, and lower floor area ratio (FAR) are positively associated with place identity, while perceived housing conditions, perceived neighborhood environment, social ties, lower FAR, and built environment quality are positively associated with place dependence. Social ties are the strongest predictor of place identity while housing conditions are the strongest predictor of place dependence. We conclude that social environments still matter as social and physical environments play different roles in place identity and place dependence. Based on the findings, we advocate that urban (re)development and housing policies should shift the focus from large-scale demolitions to micro-scale dwelling improvements; and in addition to objective measures, subjective evaluation by residents should also be used to evaluate urban (re)development projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the antecedents of visitors' attitudinal loyalty to a place, introducing the concepts of brand experiences and place identity that have not been conceptualized in the tourism context .The available literature on place identity, brand experiences, satisfaction and loyalty was reviewed, leading to this conceptual model. The paper discusses the use of brand experiences and place identity in the tourism sector in order to further enhance the knowledge of visitors' loyalty. This is an area, relatively understudied and not fully developed in the tourism sector. Brand experiences and place identity can be significant elements in explaining attitudinal loyalty in the tourism sector. The examination of their role can lead to important implications for marketers of a company or an organization, since it can provide a better understanding of the visitor's consumer behavior. This paper presents a conceptual model of visitors' loyalty incorporating place identity, place brand experiences and satisfaction as antecedents of loyalty, further enhancing our knowledge of visitors' loyalty. To date, no studies in the tourism context have attempted to conceptualize such a model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the relationships between place attachment, the theory of planned behaviour and place-protective action. Place attachment was higher in people who evaluated place change as negative. However, only half of the people who thought change would be negative reported protesting. The theory of planned behaviour was found to predict protesting. People who had positive attitudes about the value of protesting, who thought that most people around them were protesting, and who had greater perceived behavioural control were more likely to protest. A follow-up study after the place-protective actions had been successful found that people who thought their actions had influenced decision making were more likely to intend to remain civically engaged. These results have implications for our understanding of civic behaviour and the roles attachment to place, attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control play in how people interpret and react to place change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism theory suggests mechanisms of place are critical in the construction of tourism environments. However, contradictory place theory has created confusion as to exactly what these mechanisms are and how they affect perceived environment. Literature identifies place attachment and place identity as primary mechanisms in the construction of tourist relationships with tourist environments. An interpretive methodology is used to explore these mechanisms during a festival experience, and thematically analyzed unstructured interviews show identity and attachment do influence attendees' place-based perceptions. Within the festival context, environments become either creations of the festival or exist independently of them. The latter allows realistic place identity to form, resulting in consonance between environmental expectations and reality. The former creates abstract identities resulting in unrealistic expectations and weak/no immediate attachment to the festival environment. A Model of Festival Place provides continuity-based festival recommendations allowing for clearer theoretical and practical understanding across tourism events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism literature pointed out that resident attitude toward tourism is not only affected by what benefits residents can get from tourism development, but also by their place-based identities disregarding the benefits from tourism development. However, few studies have ever empirically explored the nature of the relationships between place identity components and resident attitude toward tourism. This study focuses on discussing the direct and indirect effects of place identity's four components (i.e., place distinctiveness, continuity, self-esteem, and self-efficacy) and resident attitude toward tourism development. One major contribution of this study is that, based on a modified model, this study detects the significant roles of place-based distinctiveness and continuity in predicting resident attitude toward tourism development, which are mainly carried through placebased self-esteem. Significance and implications of this study are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to bring the concept of place identity into the context of intergroup relationships in urban place, using the social identity approach. A field study was conducted in four adjacent neighbourhoods in the city of Lisbon, in order to explore the influence of place identity on the perception of the participants’ own neighbourhood and its residents (in-group) and of the other neighbourhoods and their residents (out-groups). The results showed that place identity was highly correlated with neighbourhood satisfaction, relevant out-group differentiation, and favouritism to the in-group and depreciation of the relevant out-group. The results also enabled the identification of three types of possible relationships between the groups: a relevant out-group for comparison, an idealized reference group for approximation, and a devaluated group for avoidance. Moreover, in this study, we extend the predictions of SIA to the comprehension of specific distance estimation distortion patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]