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Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a natural product that effectively inhibits tumor growth, demonstrated in many preclinical models, and phase II clinical trials for patients with glioma. However, its direct proteomic targets and anticancer molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Herein, we developed a novel bi-functional photo-affinity probe PAL/CGA and discovered mitochondrial acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) was one of the main target proteins of CGA by using affinity-based protein profiling (AfBPP) chemical proteomic approach. We performed in-depth studies on ACAT1/CGA interactions via multiple assays including SPR, ITC, and cryo-EM. Importantly, we demonstrated that CGA impaired cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting the phosphorylation of tetrameric ACAT1 on Y407 residue through a novel mode of action in vitro and in vivo. Our study highlights the use of AfBPP platforms in uncovering unique druggable modalities accessed by natural products. And identifying the molecular target of CGA sheds light on the future clinical application of CGA for cancer therapy. Developing a photo-affinity probe PAL-CGA revealed ACAT1 as CGA's key target, and demonstrated CGA inhibits cancer proliferation by blocking ACAT1's Y407 phosphorylation, highlighting its clinical potential in cancer therapy. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitochondria, pivotal organelles crucial for energy generation, apoptosis regulation, and cellular metabolism, have spurred remarkable advancements in targeted material development. This review surveys recent breakthroughs in targeted mitochondrial nanomaterials, illuminating their potential in drug delivery, disease management, and biomedical imaging. This review approaches from various application perspectives, introducing the specific applications of mitochondria-targeted materials in cancer treatment, probes and imaging, and diseases treated with mitochondria as a therapeutic target. Addressing extant challenges and elucidating potential therapeutic mechanisms, it also outlines future development trajectories and obstacles. By comprehensively exploring the diverse applications of targeted mitochondrial nanomaterials, this review aims to catalyze innovative treatment modalities and diagnostic approaches in medical research. This review presents the latest advancements in mitochondria-targeted nanomaterials for biomedical applications, covering diverse fields such as cancer therapy, bioprobes, imaging, and the treatment of various systemic diseases. The novelty and significance of this work lie in its systematic analysis of the intricate relationship between mitochondria and different diseases, as well as the ingenious design strategies employed to harness the therapeutic potential of nanomaterials. By providing crucial insights into the development of mitochondria-targeted nanomaterials and their applications, this review offers a valuable resource for researchers working on innovative treatment modalities and diagnostic approaches. The scientific impact and interest to the readership lie in the identification of promising avenues for future research and the potential for clinical translation of these cutting-edge technologies. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accuracy of touch-trigger probing by a six-axis robotic manipulator is determined by the accuracy of the robot forward kinematic model to estimate the stylus sphere position from angular positions of rotary axes. Many conventional studies have employed the Denavit–Hartenberg (DH) model, containing position and orientation errors of the rotary axis average lines as error sources. This paper proposes the application of a new kinematic model, containing the angular positioning deviations of all the rotary axes, to the robotic probing. The probing accuracy is experimentally investigated in profile probing of a straightedge over the robot's workspace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses gingival phenotype and thickness through visual, probing, and ultrasound methods in orthodontic patients, finding limited agreement between probing and ultrasound measurements. Topics include the importance of gingival characteristics in dental outcomes, challenges in accurate visual assessment of phenotype by clinicians, and the need for further research to enhance diagnostic methods for gingival health.

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sensitive and accurate detection of harmful pathogenic bacteria in food is of great significance to public health. In this paper, a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensor based on biological signal amplification was constructed. The carboxymethyl dextran (CMD) was used as both the probe skeleton and the chelating agent to realize the fast chelating adsorption of the signal source gadolinium ion. Finally, the magnetic complex and biotinylated antibody formed an immune probe through the biological bridge to achieve rapid capture of Salmonella. In addition, non-target bacteria such as Proteus vulgaris and Listeria monocytogenes were used to test the specificity of the constructed sensor. The sensor can detect Salmonella within 1.5 h under optimal conditions, the detection limit in milk is 7.4 × 103 CFU mL−1, and the RSD (Relative standard deviation) of reproducibility experiment is 2.35%, which has good reproducibility. [Display omitted] • The NMR biosensor is easy to operate, and has a low detection limit of 7.4 × 103 CFU mL−1. • The streptavidin-biotin system enables double amplification of the NMR signal. • This technique offered a rapid detection of salmonella within 1.5 h in complex food samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is a method of obtaining echocardiographic images with a steerable ultrasound catheter placed within the heart via a venous or arterial approach. The objectives of this study were to assess the feasibility of a 5–10 MHz, 8 French, 90 cm ICE catheter to evaluate cardiac structures and function in standing, sedated horses, and describe standard views in this species. Ten apparently healthy horses weighing 458.1–618.2 kg from a university teaching herd. Each horse had a physical examination, transthoracic echocardiography, and ICE performed through a 10 French introducer percutaneously placed in the right jugular vein in the proximal third of the neck with continuous ECG monitoring using telemetry. Three intracardiac echocardiography positions (cranial right atrium, mid right atrium, and right ventricle) with seven views were described with the associated 2D, pulse wave Doppler, continuous wave Doppler, color Doppler, and M-mode image acquisition standardized by referencing the intracardiac positions and common landmarks. The positions were confirmed with simultaneous transthoracic echocardiography. The procedure was well tolerated with only mild, occasional ventricular, and supraventricular arrhythmias that resolved with intracardiac echocardiography catheter repositioning. Intracardiac echocardiography is feasible, safe, and allows for the acquisition of diagnostic images in conscious, sedated horses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A turn-on benzimidazole-based fluorescent probe (E)-2-((4-(5-bromo-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-yl)benzylidene)amino)phenol (BRAP) for the detection of Fe3+/2+ was developed. The probe BRAP was designed and synthesized using 2-hydroxyaniline as the recognition site and benzimidazole as the fluorophore. It was highly selective and sensitive with a detection limit as low as 2.1 × 10−8 mol/L and didn't interfere with other analytes. Using EtOH: H 2 O (v:v = 9:1) as the detection system, BRAP had non-fluorescence at 466 nm, which was mainly due to isomerization and rotation of the C N bond. The dihedral angle rotation hindered the charge transfer between benzimidazole and 2-hydroxyaniline. However, upon the addition of Fe3+/2+, the C N bond in probe BRAP was cleaved to form compound 3, whose electrons were transferred from the benzimidazole ring to the benzaldehyde portion upon excitation and showed blue fluorescence. In addition, the optimized structure and orbital energies of probe BRAP and its products were calculated by comparing three functional combinations with time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and the optimal functional and basis set [B3LYP/6-311 + G(d,p)]. In addition, the probe BRAP combined with a smartphone was explored for the rapid detection of Fe3+/2+ in wine. [Display omitted] • A benzothiazole 'turn-on' fluorescent probe for the determination of Fe3+/2+ concentration was developed. • The probe BRAP had a low detection limit (2.1 × 10−8 mol/L) and a fast response (within 7 min). • Probe BRAP combined with a smartphone successfully detected Fe3+/2+ in wine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Case Law Review / Revista Română de Jurisprudenţă is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• Evaluation of a novel automatic method used for early detection of transducer defects. • Clinical images directly from the clinical workflow are used by the novel method. • The study shows that the method has good agreement with a well-established method. The high incidence of defective ultrasound transducers in clinical practice has been shown in several studies. Recently, a novel method using only stored images for automatic detection of defective transducers was presented. The method makes it possible to remotely monitor many transducers at the same time and send a notification when a defective transducer is found. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the novel method and assess how well it performs when compared to an established method as reference. To evaluate the novel method, in-air images were collected from 81 transducers in radiologic departments in nine hospitals. Two observers assessed the in-air images and marked the defects. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)- and alternative free response receiver operating characteristic (AFROC)-curves and their figures of merit (FOM) were calculated for the novel method, using marked defects in the in-air images as reference truth. The area under the ROC curve was 0.88 (SD 0.06), and the AFROC FOM was 0.71 (SE 0.07). The result shows that the novel method has a good agreement with the in-air method for detecting defects in ultrasound systems. This indicates that the novel method could be a complement to the normal quality control for early, and automatic detection of defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to improve the detection capability of eddy current testing by developing a novel eddy current probe. The developed probe is composed of six excitation coils made at different areas and suitably aligned with a single-axis sensitive DRV425EVM fluxgate sensor. The distribution of magnetic field intensity and eddy current density of the developed probe were calculated using ANSYS 2019R3 (Maxwell-3D) simulation software. The simulation results revealed that the new probe design enhances the detection capability and the spatial resolution compared to the conventional design that uses a double-D coil. Experiments were carried out using the double-D coil as reference, under the same input parameter to detect flaws with various sizes and locations. The experimental results validated the simulation results and showed that the sensitivity and spatial resolution of the developed sensor are much better than those obtained by the conventional probe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Core temperatures (Tcore) are often invasive, and can be underutilized. Peripheral temperatures are easier to obtain, but are often less accurate. A zero-heat-flux thermometer (ZHF) is a non-invasive method to obtain core temperatures (TZHF), and has been accurate when compared to Tcore in the operating room. We aimed to determine whether TZHF accurately and reliably measures Tcore in emergency department (ED) patients when compared to rectal, bladder or esophageal temperatures.Methods: We conducted a prospective observational quality improvement project, with concurrent TZHF and Tcore measurements. The primary outcome was whether one device detected a fever (≥38.1 °C) when the other device did not. Unadjusted linear regression was used to determine the relationship between temperature differences between devices.Results: 268 patients were included. Mean temperatures were 36.6 °C for Tcore and 36.3 °C for TZHF. 16 of 52 patients with fever identified by Tcore were not detected by TZHF, 13 with an infectious etiology. The mean temperature difference between Tcore and TZHF increased as the patient's temperature increased; the difference was 0.2 °C in afebrile patients, but 0.7 °C in febrile patients.Conclusion: While we found overall concordance between Tcore and TZHF, the ZHF did not detect fever in 25% of patients presenting with fever of infectious origin. Measurements between Tcore and TZHF varied more as temperatures increased, with TZHF consistently reporting lower values. Although more study is needed, these findings call into question the use of TZHF in the ED where detection of fever frequently guides patient evaluation and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ultrasound has been increasingly utilized for the identification of endotracheal tube (ETT) location after an intubation attempt, particularly among patients in cardiac arrest. However, prior studies have varied with respect to the choice of transducer and no studies have directly compared the accuracy between transducer types. Our study is the first to directly compare the accuracy of ETT confirmation between the linear and curvilinear transducer.Methods: This study was performed in a cadaver lab using three different cadavers chosen to represent varying neck circumferences. Cadavers were randomized to tracheal or esophageal intubation. Blinded sonographers assessed the location of the ETT using either a linear or curvilinear transducer in an alternating sequence. Accuracy of sonographer identification, time to identification, and operator confidence were assessed.Results: Four hundred and five assessments were performed with 198 (48.9%) tracheal and 207 (51.1%) esophageal intubations. The linear transducer was 98% (95% CI 95.1% to 99.2%) accurate. The curvilinear transducer was 95% (95% CI 91.1% to 97.3%) accurate. The mean time to identification was significantly lower with the linear transducer [7.46 s (95% CI 6.23 to 8.7 s)] as compared with the curvilinear transducer [11.63 s (95% CI 9.05 to 14.2 s)]. The mean operator confidence was significantly higher with the linear transducer [4.84/5.0 (95% CI 4.76 to 4.91)] than with the curvilinear transducer [4.44/5.0 (95% CI 4.3 to 4.57)]. All operators preferred the linear transducer over the curvilinear transducer.Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for ETT confirmation did not significantly differ between ultrasound transducer types, but the curvilinear transducer was associated with a longer time to confirmation and lower operator confidence. Further studies are needed to determine if the accuracy would change with more novice providers or in specific patient populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The TPS Hunter periodontal probe design has disposable, pressure-sensitive probe heads and claims to meet established standards for a precise probing tool. Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the actual probing pressures. Furthermore, the influence of material fatigue as well as of erroneous mounting of the probe head on the probing force and pressure is investigated. Method: Fifty TPS probe heads were analysed in vitro by loading the probe against a precision balance until two force indicator lines on the probe coincided. The resulting probing force was recorded at the time of the first loading and after 30 seconds of cyclic loadings. Dividing the probing force by the measured normal contact area of the probe tip yielded the true probing pressure. Probe heads were mounted on the handle either as recommended by the manufacturer or forcefully to the deepest possible position. Results: The mean probing force for initial loading was 0.273 N. When accounting for the contact area the mean probing pressure was 148.6 N/cm². Forceful mounting of the probe head significantly reduced the mean probing force to 0.193 N (p<0.0003) and the mean probing pressure to 105.3 N/cm² (p<0.0003). Oscillating loading did not largely alter the observed probing force or probing pressure. Conclusions: The Hunter TPS periodontal probe meets established clinical standards. However, only a forceful mounting of the probe head into the handle resulted in a mean probing force close to approximately 0.2 N, as suggested by the manufacturer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intracavity medical devices (ICMDs) are used in a wide variety of healthcare settings. The approach to their decontamination and the resources available also differ widely. Their potential for infection transmission is considerable.Aim: To produce a comprehensive risk assessment-based approach to the decontamination of ICMDs, accompanied by an adaptable audit tool.Key Recommendations: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Human cytosolic sulfotransferase 2A1 (SULT2A1) is an important phase II metabolic enzyme. The detection of SULT2A1 is helpful for the functional characterization of SULT2A1 and diagnosis of its related diseases. However, due to the overlapping substrate specificity among members of the sulfotransferase family, it is difficult to develop a probe substrate for selective detection of SULT2A1. In the present study, through characterization of the sulfation of series of bufadienolides, arenobufagin (AB) was proved as a potential probe substrate for SULT2A1 with high sensitivity and specificity. Subsequently, the sulfation of AB was characterized by experimental and molecular docking studies. The sulfate-conjugated metabolite was identified as AB-3-sulfate. The sulfation of AB displayed a high selectivity for SULT2A1 which was confirmed by in vitro reaction phenotyping assays. The sulfation of AB by human liver cytosols and recombinant SULT2A1 both obeyed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with similar kinetic parameters. Molecular docking was performed to understand the interaction between AB and SULT2A1, in which the lack of interaction with Met-137 and Tyr-238 of SULT2A1 made it possible to eliminate substrate inhibition of AB sulfation. Finally, the probe was successfully used to determine the activity of SULT2A1 and its isoenzymes in tissue preparations of human and laboratory animals. Graphical abstract In this study, arenobufagin was identified as a highly selective probe for SULT2A1 throughout a series of reaction phenotyping studies. fx1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Improper infection prevention practice associated with ultrasound probe use has been linked to increased infection risk, outbreaks, and death. Although guidelines for reprocessing and use of probes exist, it is unclear how extensively these have been adopted in practice. Methods Infection preventionists from U.S. health care facilities were surveyed (N = 358). The anonymous survey had 31 multiple choice, sliding scale, and text response questions. The survey was developed and deployed and the data were stored in the REDCap system. Results A high degree of noncompliance with U.S. guidelines was identified. Surface probes used in invasive procedures were not high-level disinfected or sterilized 15% (intraoperative) to 78% (peripheral line placements) of the time. Of invasive procedures, 5%-47% did not use sterile gel (same procedures, respectively). Of the participants, 20% were aware of instances where an ultrasound probe was used but was not correctly reprocessed. Extensive breaches of infection control guidelines were reported. The rapid expansion in use of ultrasound has brought clinical benefit but may be exposing patients to preventable infection risk. Conclusions Infection preventionists are well placed to act as major drivers of change based on their expertise and experience in the management of infection risk across facilities and health systems. They, along with clinicians responsible for probe use and reprocessing, should review practices relating to ultrasound in their facilities. Where practice does not comply with guidelines, policy and training should be updated to ensure patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visual cryptography is a cryptographic technique that allows visual information to be encrypted in such a way that the decryption can be performed by humans. The power of DNA molecule comes from its memory capacity and parallel processing. In this article, a visual encryption algorithm based on DNA microarrays is proposed, which successfully integrates the advantages of the algorithm in information security with the natural advantages of modern biotechnology. The algorithm converts plaintext into QR code and then uses the visual encryption scheme to encrypt the QR code image. It combines with DNA microarray technology to achieve information encryption and decryption. Security analysis shows that this algorithm has high security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Conventional loop ileostomy (CLI) is a suitable procedure for transitory faecal diversion after colorectal anastomosis, but it causes relevant morbidities (dehydration, discomfort, peristomal infections) and requires a second operation to be closed. We already described an alternative technique of temporary percutaneous ileostomy (TPI), which can be removed without surgery. Aims: We analyse the outcomes and the costs of the TPI in protecting low colorectal anastomosis in elderly, compared to the CLI. Methods: Data of patients underwent elective anterior rectal resection for rectal cancer with extra-peritoneal colorectal anastomosis protected by ileostomy from January 2011 to December 2015 were reviewed. Sixty-one out of 132 patients were older than 70; 35 underwent faecal diversion by TPI and 26 by CLI. Results: The two groups resulted homogenous about age, sex, operative time, short-term post-operative complications. None of the patients reported anastomotic leakage. The hospital stay and the cost for the first surgical procedure did not show statistically significant differences between TPI and CLI. When comparing the overall hospital stay and costs the differences are statistically significant: the TPI showed a shorter hospital stay (12.4 vs 19.3 days, −35.7%) and a lower cost of hospitalization (7954.0 vs 14,372.1€, −44.7%), compared to CLI. Discussion: The limited duration of the faecal diversion and the uselessness of a second surgical procedure to remove the TPI are the most important advantages of TPI, especially in elderly. Conclusion: The TPI not only improved the post-operative outcome of the patients, but also allowed a remarkable saving for the National Health System. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A fluorometric sensor for detection of ctDNA with modified tetraphenylethene based on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is reported. A water-soluble fluorescent compound salt 1,2-di[4-(triethylammonio methylenephenyl)]-1,2 diphenyl ethene dibromide (DTAPE) was designed and synthesised. The molecular structure of DTAPE was characterised by1H-NMR, and its fluorescence was examined. As does its maternal compound, DTAPE exhibited AIE behaviour, which was caused by restriction of intramolecular rotation. This was verified by a large increase in the emission intensity by decreasing temperature in glycerol/water solution. 1,2-di[4-(triethylammonio methylenephenyl)]-1,2 diphenyl ethene dibromide was used as a fluorescent probe to detect ctDNA in Tris–HCl buffer solution at pH value of 7.2.It was found that the fluorescent intensity of DTAPE in the buffer solution was enhanced 11-fold when the concentration of ctDNA increased from 0 to70 μg mL− 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of 'Constantin Brancusi' University of Targu-Jiu. Juridical Science Series is the property of Universitatea Constantin Brancusi din Targu-Jiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper addresses the issue of agreement in Modern Standard Arabic by adopting the most recent version of Chomsky's Minimalist Program. Under Chomsky's assumptions, phase heads carry Agree-features and when these features, which are responsible for the derivational processes, are valued and deleted, the derivation ceases. Agreement alternation in different word orders is not expected if verbal Agreement is determined by the Agree-features on the phase head. Thus, the paper argues against the view that SVO word order is an alternative to VSO. Rather, it claims that the subject in SVO is a topic which undergoes movement from a postverbal position to the specifier ofTP to satisfy an Edge Feature on T. The moved subject leaves a pronounceable pronominal copy in its original position; this pronominal element does not exist in VSO because the subject does not undergo any type of movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of 'Constantin Brancusi' University of Targu-Jiu. Juridical Science Series is the property of Universitatea Constantin Brancusi din Targu-Jiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Universidad del Valle de Guatemala is the property of Universidad del Valle de Guatemala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Probe calibration contributes to the measurement uncertainty of micro-coordinate measuring machines (micro-CMMs). This study proposes a new method of measuring stylus sphere diameters for micro-CMMs based on the analysis of whispering gallery modes (WGMs). Depending on the incident wavelength, different WGMs will be excited in the probe stylus, resulting in a wavelength spectral fingerprint that is related to the sphere diameter. In this paper, the diameter of the microprobe stylus sphere was determined with a least-squares method using theoretical and measured spectra of WGMs. The measurement results showed that the precision of the proposed method was ±1nm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Aim: Loop ileostomy is a suitable procedure for transitory faecal diversion after low colorectal anastomosis, but it causes relevant morbidities (discomfort, peristomal infections, dehydration) and requires a second operation to be closed. We already described an alternative technique of temporary percutaneous ileostomy (TPI) that can be removed without surgery. Method: The data of 143 consecutive patients, undergoing elective laparoscopic anterior resection of the rectum for adenocarcinoma and low mechanical colorectal anastomosis, 68 with conventional loop ileostomy (CLI) and 75 with TPI, were analyzed. Results: Neither intra-operative complications nor deaths occurred during the follow-up period. Clinical anastomotic leakage occurred in 4 patients with CLI and in 1 with TPI (p = 0.191). The median time required for the emission of gases and faeces through the stoma was respectively 1 and 2.5 days in the CLI group, and 1 and 2 days in the TPI group (p = 0.259 and p = 0.126). The median post-operative stay was 8 days in the CLI group and 11 days in the TPI group (p < 0.001). PTIs were removed on the median of 9 days after surgery without major complications, whereas the CLIs were re-canalized in 79.4% of patients on an average of 106 days, with 2 major complications. Conclusion: The temporary percutaneous ileostomy seems to be a valid alternative to conventional ileostomy, ensuring optimal faecal diversion and less patient discomfort. It can be easily removed without surgery, allowing patients a better outcome. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Efficacy and toxicity of anticancer agents are highly variable between patients and variation in drug disposition is thought to be an important determinant. Genetics, physiology, and environment all are underlying factors contributing to this variation. Phenotyping drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters by using in vivo probes is a method that can be used to individualize drug therapy. This review discusses drug disposition of anticancer agents and the potential of phenotyping probes for phase I, II metabolic enzymes, and drug transporters in oncology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: With a large number of applications of large steel plate, in order to ensure the engineering and product quality, it is necessary to test the quality of large plate. In the domestic, large steel is detected mainly by hand, there are some defects such as low efficiency, large strength, easy to misjudge and leakage judgment. This paper presents an ultrasonic automatic detection system design of large steel plate, multi-channel tests steel plate, stepper motor controls motion, Ethernet transmits data; Designing the system circuit, giving probe scanning method, defects determination method and selection and arrangement of probes. The system has high detection efficiency and high precision, simple mechanical structure, small size, low cost, and has an important application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A new measurement technique based on the localized optical interference scale formed by a standing wave is proposed. The scale is sensed using a microprobe controlled three dimensionally by radiation pressure. The feasibility of this novel probing technique is examined by measuring the depth of a micro-groove using the displacement sensing method based on a coordinate measurement system. Since the effective length of the standing wave scale is more than 250μm, the microprobe enables us to measure a micro-fine figure with a high aspect ratio. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A scanning electrostatic force microscope is presented for noncontact surface profile measurement. A charged conducting probe tip is oscillated by a tuning fork quartz crystal resonator. The probe tip is scanned over the sample surface by using an XY scanner in such a way that the frequency shift of the tuning fork oscillation, which corresponds to the electrostatic force gradient, is kept constant by controlling the probe Z position with a Z scanner. A dual height method is proposed to accurately obtain the tip to sample distances through removing the influence of the electric field distribution on the sample surface. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: By analyzing the characteristic of freshmen, this paper probes into the administration of freshmen''s dormitory from the new perspective of dissipative structural theory. Therefore, this paper provides the explanation of some existing problems emerged from the freshmen''s dormitory system. And this paper plays the role of guiding the direction of the administration which focuses on the freshmen''s dormitory. By means of efficient administration it advocates establishing the dormitory into the activity platform of self-control, self-education, self-service and self-development for party members, league members and students. Meanwhile it advocates establishing the dormitory into the communicating platform concerning study and life for the student- teacher relationgship and the platform of innovation for students as well. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

An abstract of the article "Preparation of digoxigenin-labeled DNA probe for detection of duck flavivirus and its application," by Gao Xu-Hui and colleagues is presented.

The main concern of this paper is to investigate the phenomenon of subject-verb agreement in Standard Arabic (SA) within Chomsky's (1998, 1999, 2001) recent minimalist approach. In his approach, Chomsky claims that subject-verb agreement involves a relationship between a probe (P) and a local goal (G).He also maintains that syntactic operations proceed by phase. If this approach could provide a principled account of Subject-Verb agreement in SA, then this will lend empirical support for the universality of Chomsky's minimalist hypotheses. If not, then those hypotheses have to be modified in order to account for cross-linguistic language phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Demands for characterization of three dimensional (3D) micro-geometries and surface topographies over a large area have recently increased in many industries. This paper presents a newly developed 3D profile measuring machine with a nanometer spatial resolution. The machine developed is composed of an active vibration isolating system, a planar nano-motion table system driven by voice coil motors, a vertical nano-motion platform driven by a hybrid actuator, and a probing system based on the scanning tunneling microscopy principle. Performance evaluation results confirm that the machine can be successfully conducted the characterization of micro-geometries and surface topographies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper presents a sensor head for micro- and nano-coordinate metrology and scanning force microscopy (SFM) which has an ultrasonic vibration sensor working in a longitudinal oscillation mode. In this head several important aspects are involved. One is the structure of the stylus sensor which is based on unequal, vibrating masses, with an exchangeable stylus part. Another is the combination of the stylus and the microscope objective. For metrological reasons the longitudinal axis of the stylus and the optical axis of the objective are co-linear. This structure of the sensor head allows the measurement of the target area with the stylus after finding it using the optical microscope. The detailed structure and several results, for instance, step height measurements, are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article offers information on the impacts of a regional climate scenario on lake productivity using three models in sequence and quantifies the response in biomass. It states that the expectation for lakes in a warmer world is that spring phytoplankton biomass increase. It notes that a long term strategy to mitigate the negative effects of climate warming on water quality will be to decrease greenhouse gas emissions together with efforts to reduce the nutrient export from the landscape.

Abstract: Aims and background: Improved visualization of surgical targets inside of the patient helps to improve radical resection of the tumor while sparing healthy surrounding tissue. In order to achieve an image, optical contrast must be generated by properties intrinsic to the tissue, or require the attachment of special visualization labels to the tumor. In this overview the current status of the clinical use of fluorescent dyes and probes are reviewed. Methods: In this review, all experimental and clinical studies concerning fluorescent imaging were included. In addition, in the search for the optimal fluorescent imaging modality, all characteristics of a fluorescent dye were described. Findings and conclusions: Although the technique of imaging through fluorescence sounds promising and several animal models show efficacy, official approval of these agents for further clinical evaluation, is eagerly awaited. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]