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Financialisation and financial risk have become current buzzwords, but the connections between finance and labour are not well developed. Often labour is cast simply as the distributional victim of developments like shareholder value, the privatisation of public infrastructure and labour market reform. This article engages developments in the construction industry and locates a growing financial logic inside ‘production’ and work in that sector. Through the concepts of liquidity and risk, we identify causal connections, not just parallels, between financial innovation and the reorganisation of the logic and structure of work in the Australian construction and property services industry.

Quantification of the effects of management programs on water quality is critical to agencies responsible for water resource protection. This research documents reductions in stream water phosphorus (P) loads resulting from agricultural best management practices (BMPs) implemented as part of an effort to control eutrophication of Cannonsville Reservoir, a drinking water supply for New York City. Dairy farms in the upstate New York reservoir basin were the target of BMPs designed to reduce P losses. A paired watershed study was established on one of these farms in 1993 to evaluate changes in P loading attributable to implementation of BMPs that included manure management, rotational grazing, and improved infrastructure. Intensive stream water monitoring provided data to calculate P loads from the 160‐ha farm watershed for all runoff events during a two‐year pre‐treatment period and a four‐year post‐treatment period. Statistical control for inter‐annual climatic variability was provided by matched P loads from a nearby 86‐ha forested watershed, and by several event flow variables measured at the farm. A sophisticated multivariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) provided estimates of both seasonal and overall load reductions. Statistical power and the minimum detectable treatment effect (MDTE) were also calculated. The results demonstrated overall event load reductions of 43% for total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) and 29% for particulate phosphorus (PP). Changes in farm management practices and physical infrastructure clearly produced decreases in event P losses measurable at the small watershed scale.

This paper explores some of the processes and debates about globalisation, especially about economic and financial globalisation. It suggests that while economics has been slow to respond to its development, there are at least two ways economics can contribute to the globalisation debate. First, economics has been important in questioning the idea of a new era, showing that, if there is anything in the term globalisation, it is part of a much longer process than the last twenty or thirty years. And economics has had its own experience with proclaiming "new eras", and there are lessons to be learnt from understanding why these notions proved to be illusory. The paper also suggests that the globalisation debate has been forcing economics to revisit many questions that were thought to have been "solved" half a century or more ago. In doing so, economists will find that they can also benefit greatly from the insights developed by earlier debates and other fields of research. The paper begins by discussing the ways other branches of social science have developed discussions of globalisation and the response of economists. It suggests reasons why the development of globalisation has represented such a crisis for economics. It then presents some stylised facts of globalisation, and possible ways around the paradoxes it raises. But there are still important things that economics can contribute to discussions about globalisation. Indeed, there are important lessons from earlier developments in economics that can show the pitfalls for current research on globalisation.

Our drug discovery efforts for N-type calcium channel blockers in the 4-piperidinylaniline series led to the discovery of an orally active analgesic agent 26. 1-[4-Dimethylamino-benzyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-[4-(3,3-dimethyl-butyl)-phenyl]-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-amine (26) showed high affinity to functionally block N-type calcium channels (IC50=0.7 μM in the IMR32 assay) and exhibited high efficacy in the anti-writhing analgesia test with mice (ED50=12 mg/kg by po and 4 mg/kg by iv). In this report, the rationale for the design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and pharmacokinetics of this series of blockers is described.

The paper provides an introduction to recent developments in derivatives markets and an overview of emerging research on the implications of derivatives for international business. The influence of derivatives transactions is becoming pervasive in national and international finance markets, and there is a need to understand derivatives as more than just minor instruments for hedging and speculation. The paper also provides data on derivatives markets in Sweden as a case study. Sweden is interesting as a representative of a small open economy which is coming to rely heavily on derivatives as ways that national and international processes are being integrated and commensurated.

This paper describes the synthesis of several new 2,3dimethoxy6methyl7nitroquinoxaline5carboxylic acid derivatives 13amviaa multistep synthetic route from 5methyl1Hbenzod1,3oxazine2,4dione 1.

This paper is a description of a module to prepare community studies students for reflective practice skills, and which provides a model of collaboration between service and educational practitioners. Details are given of the taught, experiential and organisational elements of the programme and the practice issues examined are also identified.Group process issues indicate that formal reflective practice may create uncertainty and anxiety due to the need to share practice thinking and actions. Strategies and interventions are identified to contain such inevitable reactions, which centre upon informed consent, consideration of feelings and the establishment of the conditions necessary for trust. Student evaluations of the module indicate both scepticism about, and hope for, formal reflection upon practice.The issues arising from this module have relevance to all practitioners engaged in reflective practice and clinical supervision.

A derivative of phencyclidine (PCP, 1 in fig. 1) bearing an isothiocyanate moiety on the metaposition of the aromatic ring (Metaphit, 3 in fig. 1) has been synthesized and identified as a rapid and specific site-directed acylating agent of the [ 3H]phencyclidine binding site in rat brain homogenates. The percentage of sites irreversibly inactivated by Metaphit was found to be the same in the hippocampus and striatum and the remaining sites were unaffected by Metaphit treatment under any conditions, suggesting that at least two distinct binding sites are present. An isomeric isothiocyanate derivative did not irreversibly inhibit [ 3H]phencyclidine receptors, indicating structural specificity for Metaphit in the inhibition of these receptors. The availability of Metaphit should greatly facilitate study of the structure and function of the phen-cyclidine receptors.

Chlamydia trachomatis genital infections often go unrecognized where specific culture diagnosis is not easily accessible. We studied the prevalence and clinical correlates of C trachomatis in a geographically isolated Alaskan Eskimo population with a high rate of gonorrhea but for whom specific chlamydial diagnosis had never been available. Using a direct immunofluorescent stain of endocervical secretions, we screened 493 women (52% of all women of reproductive age) when they presented to regional health facilities during the year-long study period. Chlamydia trachomatis was identified in 23% (114/493), including 39% (31/80) of teenagers, 30% (34/115) of prenatal patients, 47% (7/15) of pregnant teens, and 40% (8/19) of women with pelvic inflammatory disease. Genital symptoms, clinical signs, and the presence of concomitant gonorrhea were ineffective means of identifying chlamydial infection. This study demonstrates the successful use, and public health importance, of nonculture direct testing to document the unrecognized high prevalence of C trachomatis infection where culture diagnosis is not available.(JAMA 1987;258:53-56)

Cultivated mucklands (Histosols) in western New York State were investigated as a nonpoint source of P to Lake Ontario. The 70 500‐ha Oak Orchard Creek watershed, which contains 3250 ha of heavily fertilized muck cropland, was monitored at several sites for a year in order to construct a P budget for the system and determine the mucklands' relative contribution. Runoff during the late winter‐early spring period appears to be the most important hydrologic factor in governing annual phosphorus loading from the mucklands, greater than either total precipitation or total runoff for the year. Surplus P leached from muckland soils and delivered to the creek in subsurface runoff accounts for the large dissolved P load measured in the creek at the study site draining the muck cropland. At this stream monitoring location, the mucklands represented only 27% of the drainage area, but were estimated to contribute between 55 and 86% of the annual dissolved reactive P (DRP) load. The load from Oak Orchard Creek to Lake Ontario for the study period was 37 000 kg of total P (TP), 20 000 kg of which was DRP. Half of the P load was delivered to Lake Ontario in 3 months—March, April, and May—when rain and snowmelt produced significant runoff and high creek flows. A mass balance calculation suggests that as much as 72% of the DRP load and 39% of the TP load entering Lake Ontario from Oak Orchard Creek could be attributed to P losses from the cultivated mucklands located 65 km upstream.

The bifunctionality of amino acids can be exploited by utilizing them as quenchers in rapid solution phase parallel synthesis. The amino group was used to covalently trap the excess electrophiles, whereas the carboxylic acid moiety was used to solubilize the derivatized amino acid in water. As a prototype we used potassium sarcosinate as a quencher for excess electrophiles in the acylation or sulfonation of N-methyl-benzylamine. Various electrophilic reagents such as acid chlorides, isocyanates and sulfonyl chlorides were quenched successfully to give pure products in excellent yields.

A derivative of phencyclidine (PCP, 1 in fig. 1) bearing an isothiocyanate moiety on the metaposition of the aromatic ring (Metaphit, 3 in fig. 1) has been synthesized and identified as a rapid and specific site‐directed acylating agent of the [3H]phencyclidine binding site in rat brain homogenates. The percentage of sites irreversibly inactivated by Metaphit was found to be the same in the hippocampus and striatum and the remaining sites were unaffected by Metaphit treatment under any conditions, suggesting that at least two distinct binding sites are present. An isomeric isothiocyanate derivative did not irreversibly inhibit [3H]phencyclidine receptors, indicating structural specificity for Metaphit in the inhibition of these receptors. The availability of Metaphit should greatly facilitate study of the structure and function of the phen‐cyclidine receptors.

Phencyclidine (PCP) significantly reduces the apparent dissociation constant (KD) of the dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel antagonist, [3H]nitrendipine, in synaptosomal membranes of rat and mouse brain without significantly effecting the maximum binding capacity (Bmax). At an optimum concentration of PCP (10 µM) the apparentKD of [3H]nitrendipine was reduced from 178±9 pM to 112±9 pM in rat forebrain, a 58% increase in affinity. The structural derivatives of PCP, P-Br-PCP {1-[1-(4-bromophenyl-cyclohexyl)piperidine]}, m-NH2-PCP {1-[1-(3-anilo)-cyclohexyl]piperidine}, (±)-PCMP [1-(1-phenyl)-cyclohexyl-3-methylpiperidine] also increased the apparent affinity of [3H]nitrendipine in the following order, p-Br-PCP » PCMp>PCP>m-NH2-PCP. Local anesthetics either reduced the apparent affinity of [3H]nitrendipine or had no effect. Kinetic analysis revealed that PCP both increased the microassociation rate constant and decreased the microdissociation rate contant of [3H]nitrendipine. The magnitude of this enhanced binding varied with the brain region studied; the greatest increase in apparent affinity of [3H]nitrendipine was observed in striatum, while no significant increase in affinity was observed in brainstem. In some brain areas, PCP was more effective in reducing theKD in crude homogenates than in washed tissue. PCP (10 µM) did not alter theKD of [3H]nitrendipine to rat cardiac tissue. Both Ca2+ and Mg2+ inhibited the effect of PCP, while monovalent ions were ineffective in this regard. These data are consistent with an allosteric modulation of DHP calcium channel antagonist binding sites by PCP and structural derivatives that is not mediated through the brain PCP binding site. This modulation of DHP binding sites may account for some of the psychopharmacologic actions PCP and related compounds in vivo.

Rap1 proteins are capable of competing with Ras p21 for binding to effectors, and of antagonizing some Ras-induced effects, but their participation in normal growth regulation has not been established. The level of Rap1 protein and the expression of therap1Agene were examined by immunoblotting and Northern analysis during the regenerative growth response in rat liver following partial hepatectomy. Protein and mRNA were significantly down-regulated prior to and during the onset of DNA synthesis. The timing of this effect is consistent with a model in which expression of Rap1 is turned off or down to allow the initiation of proliferation.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

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ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.