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Purpose: To assess the effects of blood and saliva contamination on shear bond strength between adhesive resin and primary teeth dentin during different bonding stages. Methods: Seventy five crowns of primary incisors were embedded in acrylic resin and mechanically ground to expose a flat dentin surface. The specimens were randomly divided into five groups (n=15). In Group 1 (control) no contamination was done during bonding procedure (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray). The other groups were contaminated by either blood or saliva at different steps of bonding procedure. In Group 2, blood contamination was done after application of self etch primer. In Group 3 blood contamination was done after application of adhesive. In Group 4 saliva contamination was done after application of self etch primer and in Group 5 saliva contamination was done after application of adhesive. Once the bonding protocol was completed, composite resin cylinders were built. After 24 hours storage in distilled water, shear bond strength was tested at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/minute. Results: The bond strength between the control, the blood and saliva contaminated groups showed statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The bond strength was affected more if contamination occurred after adhesive application (P<0.05) Clinical Significance: Blood and saliva contamination negatively affected the shear bond strength to primary teeth dentin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate and compare shear bond strengths of composite resins to primary enamel and dentine when the adhesives are pre-cured (light cured before the application of the resin) or co-cured (adhesive and the resin light cured together). Methods: Buccal surfaces of 80 caries-free primary molars were wet ground to create bonding surfaces on enamel and dentine and specimens mounted on acrylic blocks. Two bonding agents (Prime and Bond NT® and Xeno III®) were applied to either enamel or dentine as per manufacturer's instructions. In 40 specimens, the bonding agent was light cured immediately after the application (pre-cured). The other 40 specimens were not light cured until the composite resin application (co-cured). Resin composite cylinders were made incrementally using acrylic moulds over the adhesives and light cured. Specimens were stored in deionised water for 24 hours at room temperature. Shear bond strength was measured using an Instron universal testing machine (in MPa) and was analysed with Student's unpaired t test. Results: Light curing the adhesive separately produced significantly higher bond strengths to primary dentine than co-curing (p<0.001). At the same time light curing the adhesive separately did not produce significantly different bond strengths to primary enamel (p>0.05). Conclusion: Curing sequence had no significant effect on shear bond strength of adhesives on the primary enamel. Pre-curing adhesives before curing composite resins produced greater shear bond strength to primary dentine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current evidence and understanding of bone science recognize the pivotal role of growth factors in all the aspects of bone grafting and regeneration. Platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) is one of the richest sources of growth factors to enhance bone regeneration. The present article aims to highlight the basic mechanisms involved in the successful use of PRP and its clinical applications in Pediatric dentistry based on our case-reports citing its use for bone grafting in young children. With pertinence to its current advantages and recent applications, PRP could soon prove to be an invaluable tool for pediatric dental surgeons worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the amount and pattern of fluoride release from teeth after topical application of 2% NaF, 8% SnF2 and 1.23% APF at different time intervals. The growth inhibitory effects of this released fluoride ion was assessed on mutans streptococci (MS) and correlated with the fluoride release. Forty premolars divided into four groups were subjected to different topical fluoride treatments. All the teeth were immersed individually in deionized water and were transferred to containers at 1 hour, 1 day and 1 week time intervals. 240 samples in total were used for fluoride estimation by ion selective electrode method and the samples from the other subgroup were used for evaluation of antimicrobial activity on mutans streptococci (MS) by bacterial inhibition assay method. The results showed that the highest fluoride release (7.83±0.55ppm) was seen in SnF2 treated specimens, as compared to that of NaF (3.71±0.60ppm ) and APF (3.30±0.51ppm), the difference being statistically significant (P<0.01).This was observed immediately after 1 hour, followed by a drastic reduction thereafter. No zones of inhibition were observed at the released fluoride concentrations at different time intervals in the different groups. In conclusion: 8% SnF2 is expected to have greater anticaries property from the high fluoride releasing property for prolonged period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]