70 results on '"Rehman, Abdur"'
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2. A Power Measurement Method for Electric Automotive Variable-Frequency Drive Systems
- Author
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Rehman, Abdur and Choi, Woojin
- Abstract
In recent times, the increasing global interest towards climate control leads to the increased usage of electric vehicles (EVs). However, to achieve affordability and high energy efficiency, a consistent performance analysis is required for EVs. The quality of such performance analysis is dependent on the accuracy and precision of the power measurement. A typical electric automotive drive for an EV consists of a variable-frequency drive (VFD) which produces non-sinusoidal pulse width modulated (PWM) signals. The characteristic of such PWM signals and the operation at variable frequencies results in the introduction of harmonics distortion and zero crossing error. Based on these factors the conventional power measurement methods cannot provide highly accurate and precise measurement results. To address the above-mentioned issues, this article proposes a novel power measurement method, for an electric automotive variable-frequency drive system, based on the lock-in amplifier (LIA) and lock-in amplifier frequency-locked loop (LIA-FLL). It performs accurate frequency tracking and component extraction which leads to accurate power measurement. The performance of the proposed method is validated through experimentation conducted for a 1.5 kW induction motor fed by VFD at three different supply frequencies (a) 50 Hz, (b) 30 Hz, and (c) 70 Hz. A comparative analysis is presented by comparing the measurement results obtained by the proposed method and YOKOGAWA WT1600 (reference digital power measurement instrument). The analysis illustrates that the proposed power measurement method indicates a relative power measurement accuracy of ± 0.0338% or less and a frequency tracking accuracy of ± 0.0024% or less under the frequency variation of ± 20 Hz and high harmonic distortion.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Comparison of long-term clinical outcomes of bioabsorbable polymer versus durable polymer drug-eluting stents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Author
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Rehman, Abdur, Ahmed, Ifra Eeman, Nouman, Ahmed, Irfan, Rabia, Rehman, Qareeha, Syed, Abdul Rehman Shah, Zakir, Syeda Javeria, Mehdi, Samar, Khosa, Maha Mushtaq, Kumar, Satesh, Khatri, Mahima, Samiullah, F. N. U., Mohamad, Tamam, and Varrassi, Giustino
- Abstract
Background: One million individuals in the USA die from acute myocardial infarction (MI), which currently affects 3 million people globally. The available data about the early and late outcomes of both biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents (BP-DES) and durable polymer drug-eluting stents exhibit inconsistency. We performed a meta-analysis comparing the safety and efficacy of BP-DES with DP-DES. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Cochrane, Ovid Medline, and Clinical Trials.gov databases were used to find out studies comparing BP-DES to DP-DES. All the analyses used the random-effects model. Results: A total of 18 studies were incorporated in this meta-analysis that involved 28,874 patients, out of which 11,997 received the BP Stent, and the rest of 16,578 received the DP stent. Thorough analyses revealed that the risk of all-cause death was significantly higher in the BP-DES group (5.4% vs 2.7%) (RR 1.22, p 0.02) for two years or less than two-year follow-up. For studies with more than two years of follow-up, all-cause death was 9.07% (599/6603) in BP-DES and 9.47% (531/5602) in the DP-DES group but failed to achieve statistically significant levels (RR 0.97, p 0.58). Conclusions: The study revealed no clinically significant (P value was > 0.05) differences in all-cause death, cardiac death, target lesion revascularization (TLR), late stent thrombosis, device-oriented composite endpoint/target lesion failure (DOCE/TLF), myocardial infarction (MI), target vessel MI, target vessel revascularization (TVR), target vessel infarction (TVI) between BP-DES and DP-DES for more than two years of follow-up. Additionally, all-cause death was only outcomes which found to have a statistically significant difference for less than two years of follow-up, while remaining were statistically non-significant. Article highlights: BP-DES results in a higher all-cause death rate over follow-up periods of < 2 years compared to DP-DES. There are no appreciable clinical differences between the two types of stents for follow-up periods longer than 2 years for BP-DES and DP-DES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Exploring therapeutic targets and drug candidates for obesity: a combined network pharmacology, bioinformatics approach
- Author
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Aloufi, Bandar, Alshabrmi, Fahad M., Sreeharsha, Nagaraja, and Rehman, Abdur
- Abstract
AbstractThe remarkably high prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia reflects a global epidemic demanding urgent attention due to its associated health risks. The integration of traditional medicine, a vital cultural aspect, involves the use of medicinal plants to address various diseases, including obesity. This research merges network pharmacology (NP) and bioinformatics to innovate obesity treatment by identifying effective phytochemicals from native plants in the Taif valley. Focusing on six indigenous plants—Senna alexandrina, Capsicum annuum, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Trigonella foenum-graecum,and Foeniculum vulgare—we conducted preliminary screenings for potential bioactive compounds. We systematically compiled compound data from public databases and reviewed literature, revealing active compounds like apigenin, kaempferol, moupinamide, cyclocurcumin, chrysoeriol, isorhamnetin, rheinanthrone, cyclocurcumin, and riboflavin.Constructing a compound-target genes-obesity network unveiled their significant impact on metabolic regulation and fat accumulation, interacting notably with key proteins AKT1 and PTGS2. Molecular docking and 100 ns Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations demonstrated robust binding affinity and stability at the docking site. Employing adipocytes as a cellular model, we gauged their viability and response to obesity-related stressors post-treatment with these native plant compounds.In conclusion, Saudi Arabia’s indigenous plants hold promise as natural solutions for obesity treatment. This research opens new avenues in the battle against this pervasive health crisis by incorporating the potential of native botanicals.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Frequency-adaptive DLIA–PLL-based current harmonic compensation for single-phase grid-interfaced inverters
- Author
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Rehman, Abdur, Uzzaman, Tawfique, and Choi, Woojin
- Abstract
The growing focus on clean energy is driving the extensive usage of grid-connected inverters (GCIs) and nonlinear loads. The adoption of these nonlinear components causes disturbances, such as harmonic injection, frequency variation, and DC offset, which reduce the power quality of the grid. This reduced power quality induces unstable operation and deterioration of sensitive equipment. The organizations of electrical engineers have defined some standards such as IEEE 519 and P1547 to maintain the power quality of GCIs by setting the limits for harmonics, phases, and frequency variations. Harmonic elimination with grid synchronization methods is used for GCIs to meet the standards. However, the performance of these methods degrades for distorted grid conditions such as DC offset and harmonics. To rectify the mentioned issues, this study proposes a harmonic compensation method using a frequency-adaptive digital lock-in amplifier-based phase-locked loop (DLIA–PLL). The aim is to provide accurate harmonic detection and elimination by performing frequency and phase tracking for grid synchronization. Simulation and experimental results for a 5 kW inverter in an environment with high-total harmonic distortion (THD) conditions are presented to validate the performance of the proposed harmonic compensation with DLIA–PLL. Yokogawa WT1600, a power analyzer, is used to provide reference THD.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. TSPC-AVLS Based Low-Power 16/17 Dual Modulus Pre-Scaler Design
- Author
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Premananda, B.S., Valivati, Shaswat, and Rehman, Abdur
- Abstract
Dual modulus pre-scalers (DMPS) are programmable counters used in phase-locked loops (PLL). The dual modulus division capability improves the circuit functionality and can be used as a divider of N/N + 1 cycles, which can be controlled through a master input. This paper proposes power and area efficient divide-by-16/17 DMPS designs, which incorporate true single-phase clocking (TSPC) based D flip-flops, which consume less power with minimal area. Power reduction is achieved by integrating adaptive voltage level-source (AVLS) circuit to DMPS. The proposed-I divide-by-16/17 DMPS has been implemented by using TSPC based D flip-flops incorporating the AVLS technique. The proposed DMPS consumes 146.6 µW (34%) less power when compared to the reference architecture, in divide-by-16 mode. Further optimization of the pre-scaler design is done by using a minimum number of transistors, involving pushing the logic (AND) into the first stage of TSPC based D flip-flops which results in an area as well as power efficient design. The proposed-II circuit is realized by using optimized TSPC based D flip-flops, along with incorporation of the AVLS technique, resulting in a power efficient design. For instance, in divide-by-16 mode of operation, a 100 µW (21%) reduction in the total power is observed when a DMPS circuit is realized in CMOS 180 nm technology. Also, when the proposed DMPSs are realized in CMOS 45 nm technology, the same trend of power reduction is observed, which are analyzed at an operating frequency of 1 GHz. The circuits are realized in Cadence Virtuoso and simulated in Spectre.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Formulation of sumatriptan succinate orodispersible tablets using chitosan and sodium starch glycolate for immediate migraine relief.
- Author
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Sahar, Tuba, Hasan, Syed Muhammad Farid, Ahmad, Salman Ashfaq, Bushra, Rabia, Rehman, Abdur, Noor, Rabia, Usman, Shahnaz, Razvi, Nighat, and Hassan, Fouzia
- Abstract
Migraine is one of the common neurological disease affecting around 23% of the Pakistani population. Prompt treatment is required to regain the functional ability of patients. The present study was designed to develop sumatriptan succinate orodispersible tablets that would quickly overcome acute migraine episodes using 2² full-factorial design. The chitosan and sodium starch glycolate were taken as independent variables; friability, disintegration, dispersion time and water absorption ratio as response variables. Eight trial formulations were generated by Design Expert® software. The main effect plots were used to check the interaction of formulations with response variables. All trial formulations showed good micromeritic properties in terms of angle of repose (19.59o-24.57°), Carr's index (17.08-24.90%) and Hausner's ratio (1.20-1.33). The tablets wetted quickly (17.1- 39 sec) in dispersion medium, showed higher water absorption ratio (188-341 sec) and disintegrated quickly (13-20 sec) with an excellent dissolution rate (94-99%). The main effect plots show interactions between the independent variables against most of the study responses. A 2² full-factorial model was found to be effective in studying the influence of formulation variables on response parameters. Both chitosan and sodium starch glycolate can be used in combination to fabricate an effective orodispersible formulation of sumatriptan succinate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Compact formula for skew-symmetric system of matrix equations.
- Author
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Rehman, Abdur and Kyrchei, Ivan I.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Extraction and stabilization of pomegranate seed oil: a functional oil for the food industry
- Author
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Ashaolu, Tolulope Joshua, Lydia, D. Esther, Rehman, Abdur, Karim, Aiman, and Jafari, Seid Mahdi
- Abstract
Several innovative strategies are being explored to obtain and apply essential and functional oils to human lifestyle such as food. These oils are extracted from different raw materials while prospecting for greener and sustainable options. Pomegranate stands out in this regard, with its seed constituting 20% of the total seed weight. In this review, we examined the profile of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) and different extraction techniques to obtain PSO in its purest form. Since encapsulation systems play a role in safeguarding bioactive compounds such as fatty acids, phytosterols, tocopherols, and phenolics in PSO from oxidative degradation, we discussed the formulation and encapsulation of PSO. This then dovetailed with the applications of PSO in the food industry. The reviewed literature showed that more studies dealing with the pilot scale production of PSO are warranted and crucial to the food sector.
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- 2024
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10. Hermitian solution to constraint system of generalized Sylvester quaternion matrix equations
- Author
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Rehman, Abdur and Kyrchei, Ivan
- Abstract
The different systems of Sylvester quaternion matrix equations have prolific functions in system and control. This paper considers a Hermitian solution of a system of Sylvester quaternion matrix equations over a quaternion algebra H. If some necessary and sufficient conditions are fulfilled, the general solution to these quaternion matrix equations is expressed by explicit representation formulas in terms of generalized inverses. We provide an algorithm and a numerical example based on the original direct method using determinantal representations of the quaternion Moore–Penrose inverse.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Ultrasonication-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction of flavonoids from pretreated fenugreek and their antidiabetic & hypo-lipidemic potential
- Author
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Ashraf, Waqas, Rehman, Abdur, Sharif, Hafiz Rizwan, Ali, Khubaib, Hussain, Arif, Karim, Aiman, and Lianfu, Zhang
- Abstract
The effects of germination pretreatments on fenugreek seeds were analyzed by employing an ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent (UAE-DES) extraction process. The germinated and UAE-DES extracted fenugreek sample of day 3 (GFE3) was found to be the most effective based on the results of flavonoid contents, antioxidant properties, and antibacterial potential. The results of HPLC-DAD analysis also suggested GFE3as an effective pretreatment with the highest extraction yields of kaempferol (5.33 ± 0.26 mg/gm d.w.), rutin (9.06 ± 0.44 mg/gm d.w.) and quercetin (25.69 ± 0.44 mg/gm d.w.) among all treatments. The results of simulated digestion showed that a major portion of flavonoid contents were lost during gastric digestion due to poor stability values and a maximum TFC release of 60.23% was recorded after intestinal digestion for GFE3. Subsequently, GFE3exhibited good inhibition properties against α-amylase (86.53 ± 4.24%), α-glucosidase (95.67 ± 4.68%) and pancreatic lipase enzymes (82.73 ± 4.05%). Hence, GFE3can be used as a potential pretreatment for enhanced antioxidant activity and improved glycemic, lipid and digestive responses, which can be further used in food, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
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- 2024
- Full Text
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12. Area and power efficient divide-by-32/33 dual-modulus pre-scaler using split-path TSPC with AVLS for frequency divider
- Author
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Siddaiah, Premananda Belegehalli, Narsepalli, Sahithi, Mittal, Sanya, and Rehman, Abdur
- Abstract
Pre-scalers are electronic circuits used in phase-locked loops to multiply frequencies. This is achieved by dividing the high-frequency signals generated from a voltage-controlled oscillator. The high-frequency operation of pre-scaler circuits leads to significantly higher power consumption. To address this, D flip-flops (D-FF) realized using true-single phase clocking (TSPC) logic. The work suggests incorporating the Adaptive Voltage Level Source (AVLS) circuit with the Dual Modulus Pre-Scaler (DMPS) circuit to reduce power consumption. In addition to the incorporation of the AVLS circuit, pass transistor logic (PTL) used in the feedback, further minimizes transistors and power. This paper proposes three different designs for divide-by-32/33 DMPS circuit. The proposed-1 design combines regular TSPC-based D-FF with PTL in the feedback and an AVLS circuit, resulting in an average power reduction of 36.5%. The proposed-2 design employs split-path TSPC-based D-FF with logic gates and an AVLS circuit, achieving a power reduction of 46.9%. The proposed-3 design employs split-path TSPC-based D-FF with PTL in the feedback and an AVLS circuit, achieving a significant power reduction of 47.8% compared to the existing DMPS circuit and transistor count by 9.1%. The proposed circuits are realized using a CMOS 180 nm technology node. Cadence Virtuoso and Spectre tools are used. The proposed divide-by-32/33 DMPS circuits also realized in the CMOS 45 nm technology node to verify the functionality in the lower technology node. A power reduction of 46.86% observed when compared to the reference circuit. The proposed designs are both power- and area-efficient, making them promising solutions for minimizing power consumption in pre-scaler circuits.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Dareemat: a mechanism of arbitration and dispute resolution among Pashtuns in Zhob, Pakistan.
- Author
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Haq, Baha Ul, Badshah, Ikram, Rehman, Abdur, Ullah, Shakir, and Khan, Usman
- Abstract
This paper brings to light the customary court of dareemat and explores its structure and practice among Pashtuns in the Zhob District of Balochistan. Existing literature on Pashtun society has mainly focused on the jirgah as the sole traditional institution of settling conflicts and disputes. The institution/court of dareemat primarily deals with resolution of disputes and conflicts pertaining to claims over property, land, accusations, and allegations. It consists of dareeman (arbitrators), disputants, eyewitnesses, and observers. Dareemat can be initiated through mutual consent of the disputants or arbitrators, depending on the intensity of the conflict or dispute. Individual males, having reputation for integrity, eloquence, expertise, and experience of arbitration (dareemat), are trusted with the task of being jury in the court of dareemat. It exists parallel to statutory courts of civil disputes in Zhob. The post-colonial state of Pakistan somehow has recognized the role of customary laws and courts in the sphere of civil disputes in predominantly Pashtun areas in tribal regions of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. By applying a legal pluralism lens to study the practice and settlement of civil disputes by using the customary dareemat court, Pashtuns in Zhob District prefer to settle their disputes outside formal courts, in the dareemat as a first recourse to justice. The findings of the article are based on 10 months anthropological fieldwork substantiated by dareemat archives in the form of affidavits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Unveiling the anti-listerial effect of Citrus bergamia essential oil: Mechanism of membrane disruption and anti-hemolytic activity.
- Author
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Rasheed, Hafiz Abdul, Rehman, Abdur, Chen, Xiaochen, Aziz, Tariq, Al-Asmari, Fahad, Alhomrani, Majid, Alamri, Abdulhakeem S., Cui, Haiying, and Lin, Lin
- Subjects
LISTERIA monocytogenes ,ESSENTIAL oils ,FOODBORNE diseases ,MEMBRANE permeability (Biology) ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a prominent cause of foodborne illnesses and public health concerns worldwide. Naturally active compounds have been extensively explored for their potential to reduce foodborne pathogenic contamination. This work is designed to study the chemical composition, antibacterial effect, and inhibition mechanism of Citrus bergamia essential oil (CB-EO) against L. monocytogenes. The CB-EO composition revealed the major components of the total account are d -limonene (23.2%), linalyl acetate (14.01%), and linalool (9.96%). The inhibitory effect was examined at different concentrations of CB-EO, and the MIC value was 1.5 mg/mL against L. monocytogenes. The CB-EO concentration of 1.5 mg/mL significantly disturbed the membrane permeability and fluidity, leading to leakage of intracellular protein and DNA constituents, as revealed by the BCA protein assay and UV–Vis spectrophotometric analysis, respectively. However, a decrease in concentration to 0.75 mg/mL indicated a significant decline in intracellular macromolecule leakage as well as membrane disruption. Moreover, SEM and CLSM observations provided extensive insight into the inhibition mechanism of CB-EO against L. monocytogenes. Finally, while investigating the anti-hemolysis activity, CB-EO and its major compounds, limonene, linalool, and linalyle acetate, have been found to be effective against the virulence agent listeriolysin O (LLO). Thus, it was proposed that CB-EO could act on L. monocytogenes cells through multiple mechanisms of action, with EO concentration providing a crucial role in determining the mode of action. This work offers deep insight into the inhibition mechanisms of natural substances, expanding the potential uses of CB-EO as a natural antimicrobial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Exploring the interface dynamics of emulsion gel via a novel non-destructive technique provides insights into the underlying mechanism of gel formation, water mobility, functionality and structural variations.
- Author
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Qayum, Abdul, Rashid, Arif, Khan, Asif Ali, Zhong, Mingming, Liu, Yuxuan, Hussain, Muhammad, Virk, Muhammad Safiullah, Ahmed, Zahoor, Rehman, Abdur, Hussain, Abid, Liang, Qiufang, Ren, Xiaofeng, Ma, Haile, El-Salam, Ekram Abd, and Miao, Song
- Subjects
INTERFACE dynamics ,WHEY proteins ,UNIFORM spaces ,PROTEIN engineering ,X-ray diffraction - Abstract
Tri-frequency ultrasound (TFU) at 20-40-60 kHz was used to systematically examine the effects on the multi-scale network structure of an emulsion gel containing orange essential oil prepared with glycosylated whey protein (WP). Treatment intervals of pre-and-post 10, 20, and 30 min were utilized to evaluate the influence and interactions on functional (particle size, zeta-potential), rheological (storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″), and oxidative stability (conjugated diene and peroxide value). The optimized tri-frequency pre- and post-treated sample demonstrated enhanced physical stability as compared to the un-treated sample, as evidenced by droplet size, (from 468.14 ± 0.56 to 214.21 ± 0.42 nm), ζ-Potential (mV) (from −29.67 ± 0.31 to −39.98 ± 1.42), and structural morphology. Structure analysis using FTIR that the aforementioned improvements were made possible through TFU enhanced hydrogen bonds, molecular arrangements with greater order, and improved intermolecular compatibility. XRD results showed gradual shift from 8.32° to 8.64° and from 19.2° to 19.5°, respectively. TFU post-treatment gels exhibited higher viscosity, more pronounced pseudoplastic behavior compare to pre-treatment, attributed to strong interaction forces and three-dimensional gel network. Our results provide valuable insights into the application of multi-frequency ultrasound as a promising technique for designing protein emulsion gels tailored for nutrient delivery systems. [Display omitted] • Tri-frequency ultrasound (TFU) was used to form glycosylated whey protein emulsion gels. • Emulsion gels were prepared without the addition of cross-linking or gelling agents. • TFU avoid protein self-aggregation, thereby enhance emulsion stability. • Pre-and-post treated emulsion gel had a denser and more uniform gel-like structure than un-treated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Dareemat: a mechanism of arbitration and dispute resolution among Pashtuns in Zhob, Pakistan
- Author
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Haq, Baha Ul, Badshah, Ikram, Rehman, Abdur, Ullah, Shakir, and Khan, Usman
- Abstract
AbstractThis paper brings to light the customary court of dareematand explores its structure and practice among Pashtuns in the Zhob District of Balochistan. Existing literature on Pashtun society has mainly focused on the jirgahas the sole traditional institution of settling conflicts and disputes. The institution/court of dareematprimarily deals with resolution of disputes and conflicts pertaining to claims over property, land, accusations, and allegations. It consists of dareeman(arbitrators), disputants, eyewitnesses, and observers. Dareematcan be initiated through mutual consent of the disputants or arbitrators, depending on the intensity of the conflict or dispute. Individual males, having reputation for integrity, eloquence, expertise, and experience of arbitration (dareemat), are trusted with the task of being jury in the court of dareemat.It exists parallel to statutory courts of civil disputes in Zhob. The post-colonial state of Pakistan somehow has recognized the role of customary laws and courts in the sphere of civil disputes in predominantly Pashtun areas in tribal regions of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. By applying a legal pluralism lens to study the practice and settlement of civil disputes by using the customary dareematcourt, Pashtuns in Zhob District prefer to settle their disputes outside formal courts, in the dareematas a first recourse to justice. The findings of the article are based on 10 months anthropological fieldwork substantiated by dareematarchives in the form of affidavits.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Compact formula for skew-symmetric system of matrix equations
- Author
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Rehman, Abdur and Kyrchei, Ivan I.
- Abstract
In this paper, we consider skew-Hermitian solution of coupled generalized Sylvester matrix equations encompassing ∗-hermicity over complex field. The compact formula of the general solution of this system is presented in terms of generalized inverses when some necessary and sufficient conditions are fulfilled. An algorithm and a numerical example are provided to validate our findings. A numerical example is carried out using determinantal representations of the Moore–Penrose inverse.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Microneedle created in skin in situforming gels depot; an alternate approach to the sustained transdermal delivery of colchicine
- Author
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Rehman, Abdur, Khan, Samiullah, Khan, Bangul, and Saad, Muhammad
- Abstract
Colchicine (CLC) is a commonly used medication in prevention and treatment of acute gout condition viaoral route. However its oral administrations pose several gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects. In current study, an alternate combinatorial approach of microneedles patch and in skin forming gel depots were evaluated for sustained CLC delivery through skin using CLC loaded non-ionic amphiphilic triblock pluronic-127 thermoresponsive poloxamers. In first phase, to validate the development of in situforming depots, the phase transition of pluronic-127 from the sol-gel state was examined using AR2000 rheometer. In second phase, microneedles patches (MAPs) were fabricated viacasting method utilizing (19 × 19) laser-engineered silicone micromoulds from varied biocompatible polymer blends such as Gantrez S-97, Poly-vinyl alcohol, Polyethelene glycol 10000 and Poly (vinylpyrollidone) at various concentrations. For optimized MAPs, the mechanical strength, in skin dissolution kinetics and moisture contents were determined. From mechanical testing PVP and PVA MAPs showed more brittle nature and highest loss of MAPs reduction in comparison to Gantrez® MAPs. Optimized MAPs (Gantrez®) based on high mechanical strength were utilized as a microporation source in rabbit skin. In comparison to PVA and PVP, Gantrez® MAPs showed slow dissolution kinetics and resist dissolution for 540 s. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) quantified the penetration depth of Gantrez® MAPs in newborn rabbit skin at 591 μm. Increased in TEWL values after Gantrez® MAPs treatment confirmed the pores formation in skin. Ex-vivopermeation analysis showed that 25 % w/w CLC loaded PF127® gel showed controlled and prolonged drug permeation across microporated skin for 84 h in comparison to untreated skin. The distribution of PF127 gel solution in treated skin samples was confirmed by tracking fluorescence using confocal microscopy. Results shows that MAPs created in skin micropores can be used as CLC depots and sustained effects can be achieved by successfully avoiding oral route and GI adverse effects.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Exploring the interface dynamics of emulsion gel via a novel non-destructive technique provides insights into the underlying mechanism of gel formation, water mobility, functionality and structural variations
- Author
-
Qayum, Abdul, Rashid, Arif, Khan, Asif Ali, Zhong, Mingming, Liu, Yuxuan, Hussain, Muhammad, Virk, Muhammad Safiullah, Ahmed, Zahoor, Rehman, Abdur, Hussain, Abid, Liang, Qiufang, Ren, Xiaofeng, Ma, Haile, El-Salam, Ekram Abd, and Miao, Song
- Abstract
Tri-frequency ultrasound (TFU) at 20-40-60 kHz was used to systematically examine the effects on the multi-scale network structure of an emulsion gel containing orange essential oil prepared with glycosylated whey protein (WP). Treatment intervals of pre-and-post 10, 20, and 30 min were utilized to evaluate the influence and interactions on functional (particle size, zeta-potential), rheological (storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″), and oxidative stability (conjugated diene and peroxide value). The optimized tri-frequency pre- and post-treated sample demonstrated enhanced physical stability as compared to the un-treated sample, as evidenced by droplet size, (from 468.14 ± 0.56 to 214.21 ± 0.42 nm), ζ-Potential (mV) (from −29.67 ± 0.31 to −39.98 ± 1.42), and structural morphology. Structure analysis using FTIR that the aforementioned improvements were made possible through TFU enhanced hydrogen bonds, molecular arrangements with greater order, and improved intermolecular compatibility. XRD results showed gradual shift from 8.32° to 8.64° and from 19.2° to 19.5°, respectively. TFU post-treatment gels exhibited higher viscosity, more pronounced pseudoplastic behavior compare to pre-treatment, attributed to strong interaction forces and three-dimensional gel network. Our results provide valuable insights into the application of multi-frequency ultrasound as a promising technique for designing protein emulsion gels tailored for nutrient delivery systems.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Unveiling the anti-listerial effect of Citrus bergamiaessential oil: Mechanism of membrane disruption and anti-hemolytic activity
- Author
-
Rasheed, Hafiz Abdul, Rehman, Abdur, Chen, Xiaochen, Aziz, Tariq, Al-Asmari, Fahad, Alhomrani, Majid, Alamri, Abdulhakeem S., Cui, Haiying, and Lin, Lin
- Abstract
Listeria monocytogenesis a prominent cause of foodborne illnesses and public health concerns worldwide. Naturally active compounds have been extensively explored for their potential to reduce foodborne pathogenic contamination. This work is designed to study the chemical composition, antibacterial effect, and inhibition mechanism of Citrus bergamiaessential oil (CB-EO) against L. monocytogenes. The CB-EO composition revealed the major components of the total account are d-limonene (23.2%), linalyl acetate (14.01%), and linalool (9.96%). The inhibitory effect was examined at different concentrations of CB-EO, and the MIC value was 1.5 mg/mL against L. monocytogenes. The CB-EO concentration of 1.5 mg/mL significantly disturbed the membrane permeability and fluidity, leading to leakage of intracellular protein and DNA constituents, as revealed by the BCA protein assay and UV–Vis spectrophotometric analysis, respectively. However, a decrease in concentration to 0.75 mg/mL indicated a significant decline in intracellular macromolecule leakage as well as membrane disruption. Moreover, SEM and CLSM observations provided extensive insight into the inhibition mechanism of CB-EO against L. monocytogenes. Finally, while investigating the anti-hemolysis activity, CB-EO and its major compounds, limonene, linalool, and linalyle acetate, have been found to be effective against the virulence agent listeriolysin O (LLO). Thus, it was proposed that CB-EO could act on L. monocytogenescells through multiple mechanisms of action, with EO concentration providing a crucial role in determining the mode of action. This work offers deep insight into the inhibition mechanisms of natural substances, expanding the potential uses of CB-EO as a natural antimicrobial.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Letter to editor: Trends and disparities in cardiovascular deaths in systemic lupus erythematosus: A population-based retrospective study in the United States from 1999 to 2020.
- Author
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Rehman, Abdur, Asad, Hajra, Iqbal, Javed, and Ahmad, Owais
- Abstract
This letter addresses key limitations in the article "Trends and disparities in cardiovascular deaths in systemic lupus erythematosus: A population-based retrospective study in the United States from 1999 to 2020." While the article provides valuable insights into cardiovascular mortality among SLE patients, it overlooks critical factors such as medication adherence and sex-specific treatment responses, which could influence the reported outcomes. Additionally, the study's focus on cardiovascular deaths sidelines other relevant causes of mortality like infections and renal failure. Incorporating these considerations, along with a deeper exploration of socioeconomic disparities and healthcare infrastructure, could enhance future studies, offering a more comprehensive understanding of mortality trends in SLE patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Discovery of potent anti-MRSA components from Dalbergia odorifera through UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and targeting PBP2a protein through in-depth transcriptomic, in vitro, and in-silico studies.
- Author
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Wu, Jiajia, Hassan, Syed Shams ul, Zhang, Xue, Li, Tao, Rehman, Abdur, Yan, Shikai, and Jin, Huizi
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GENETIC translation ,QUORUM sensing ,REGULATOR genes ,HEARTWOOD ,TRANSCRIPTOMES - Abstract
[Display omitted] • Dalbergia Odorifera heartwood extract demonstrated noteworthy anti-MRSA activity. • Volatile and non-volatile chemical compositions from different organs of Dalbergia Odorifera was systematically identified. • Antibacterial mechanisms were explored by transcriptomic. • Dalbergia Odorifera induced adverse-effects on RNA transcription and protein translation, and involved in inhibiting two-component systems and auxiliary gene regulatory quorum sensing systems. • MD simulation was performed to comprehend the binding interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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23. A comprehensive insight into plant-derived extracts/bioactives: Exploring their antimicrobial mechanisms and potential for high-performance food applications.
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Rasheed, Hafiz Abdul, Rehman, Abdur, Karim, Aiman, Al-Asmari, Fahad, Cui, Haiying, and Lin, Lin
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ACTIVE food packaging ,ESSENTIAL oils ,ANTIBACTERIAL agents ,ANTI-infective agents ,FOOD industry - Abstract
The growing trend of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and concerns about the use of synthetic antimicrobials are giving rise to new challenges in modern-day society. It is worth noting that an alarming quantity of approximately 1.3 billion tons of food is regrettably wasted on an annual basis due to the detrimental effects of microbial degradation. Plant-derived extracts (PDEs) encompass a diverse array of bioactives, including phytochemicals, crude extracts, and essential oils, that are meticulously extracted from various botanical sources. These PDEs exhibit promising attributes that position them as viable alternatives to conventional antibiotics and preservatives of synthetic origin. This phenomenon can be explained by their innate capacity to hinder the growth of numerous bacteria. The aim of this review is to provide a thorough summary of the existing research on the use of PDEs as natural antibacterial agents. This article provides a summary of their fundamental mechanisms of action as well as an exploration of their practical applications within the food industry. This review encompasses their application in the production of fortified products, their implementation in active food packaging, and the development of innovative encapsulated systems. Research on the antibacterial and in vitro synergistic effects of PDEs has received greater attention recently. The applications of PDEs are limited due to their susceptibility to oxidation and chemical instability, as well as their reduced ability to withstand environmental factors such as oxygen, light, and temperature. However, additional investigations are still necessary to determine and understand the effectiveness of PDEs as natural antimicrobial agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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24. Elective surgery system strengthening: development, measurement, and validation of the surgical preparedness index across 1632 hospitals in 119 countries
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Sibtain, Hussein, Mostafa K A, Omogbehin, Tomisin S, Herron, Jonathan B T, Labib, Amir, Patel, Preemal, Marsden, Samuel C, Mehdian, Roshana, Santhirakumaran, Gowthanan, Smelt, Jeremy, Agarwal, Ketan, Athanasiou, Antonios, Lancerotto, Luca, Sahnan, Kapil, Shalhoub, Joseph, Donnelly, Liam J, Erridge, Simon, Chidambaram, Swathikan, Luo, Xun, Bansal, Sujesh, Ryan, Neil AJ, Smith, Alexander C D, Flatman, Michael, Wafaie, Imad, Malik, Muhammad Isfandyar Khan, Thumbadoo, Ruben P, Hussain, Shoaib F, Henein, Christin, Hamad, Yousif T, Belgaumkar, Ajay P, Bosanquet, David C, Kolias, Angelos G, Choi, David, Marcus, Hani J, Horsfall, Hugo RM Layard, Khan, Danyal Z, Sahni, Arun, Millward, Christopher P, Render, Luke, Truss, Adam, Elmoslemany, Tarek, Parmar, Chetan, Hanger, Joseph, Sheen, Jonathon, Rait, Jaideep S, Foreman, Jennifer, Marzouqa, Natalie, Fontalis, Andreas, Voulalas, Grigorios, CHEONG, Ryan Chin Taw, Dindyal, Sanjay, Arumugam, Sathyaseelan, Ward, Thomas R W, Stephens, Alastair S, Douka, Eleftheria, Mahmud, Ayesha, Abou-Foul, Ahmad K, McKay, Siobhan C, Kitchen, Mark O, Rees-Stoner, Oliver DJ, Balasubramanya, Supriya, Akhtar, Muhammad Adeel, Warwick, Andrew J, Pawar, Shweta, Dubey, Vivek, Al-Yaseen, Mustafa W, Williams, Christopher YK, Laird, Alexander, Krishna, Kandaswamy, Anyaugo, Ngozi S, Wuraola, Obafemi K, Odejinmi, Funlayo, Craven, Joanna M, West, Charlotte L, Barter, Reece A, Navaratnam, Devaraj M, Malik, Shahbaz S, Mahendran, Vimaladhithan, Zilvetti, Miguel, Lovegrove, Richard E, Board, Tim N, Zeiton, Moez, Sarwar, Safdar A, Duff, Sarah E, Hsabo, Elmuiz A, Goru, Poornanand, Nugur, Ashwani Kumar, Morris, Richard M, Lala, Anil K, Kwan-Feinberg, Rita O, Ross, Samuel W, Dressler, Jeremy A, McClain, Craig D, Evans, Faye M, Wason, Shaun E L, Vogel, Keianna R, Wang, Joanna C, Sulciner, Megan L, Hirji, Sameer, Raoof, Mustafa, Wolff, Christopher J, kent, Ilan, Turan, Alparslan, Teixeira, Pedro G, Olson, Kristofor A, Patel, Neil D, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Moris, 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Siamuchembu, Maphios, Bondera, Tafadzwa, and Mushawarima, Trust
- Abstract
The 2015 LancetCommission on global surgery identified surgery and anaesthesia as indispensable parts of holistic health-care systems. However, COVID-19 exposed the fragility of planned surgical services around the world, which have also been neglected in pandemic recovery planning. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel index to support local elective surgical system strengthening and address growing backlogs.
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- 2022
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25. Effect of co-fermentation system with isolated new yeasts on soymilk: microbiological, physicochemical, rheological, aromatic, and sensory characterizations
- Author
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Korma, Sameh A., Li, Li, Ghamry, Mohamed, Zhou, Qiyang, An, Peipei, Abdrabo, Khaled A. E., Manzoor, Muhammad Faisal, Rehman, Abdur, Niazi, Sobia, and Cacciotti, Ilaria
- Abstract
The beany flavor adversely influences consumer acceptance of soymilk (SM) products. Thus, in this work, the co-fermentation of isolated new yeasts (Kluyveromyces marxianusSP-1, CandidaethanolicaATW-1, and Pichia amenthioninaY) and Kluyveromyces marxianusK (a commercial yeast) along with an XPL-1 starter (including five strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB)) was utilized to mend the beany flavor of fermented SM (FSM) beverages. Probiotic count, pH, titratable acidity, syneresis, water holding capacity, rheological characteristics, and sensory attributes were investigated. Furthermore, the free amino acids, nucleotides, and volatile compounds (VCs) were analyzed, also presenting the collected VC data by exploiting a principal component analysis (PCA) and a heatmap with a hierarchical cluster analysis. The co-fermentation with Kluyveromyces marxianusSP-1 and K remarkably enhanced the LAB strain growth and acid production, improving the rheological attributes, whereas that of yeast along with XPL-1 as a mullite starter could reduce the beany odor. PCA chart displayed that higher amounts of alcohols, ketones, acids, and esters that significantly improved the flavor quality of FSM beverages were generated throughout the co-fermentation process. The co-fermentation with PichiaamenthioninaY generated the highest acetoin (36.19%) and diacetyl (2.02%), thus improving the overall acceptance of FSM, as well as the sensory characteristics of FSM beverages with the highest umami, sweet, odorless amino acids, and umami nucleotides, and the lowest content of alcohol and inosine. Taken together, the co-fermentation of Pichia amenthioninaY along with XPL-1 within SM provides novel insights regarding the development of FSM and fermented beverages.
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- 2022
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26. Comparison of long-term clinical outcomes of bioabsorbable polymer versus durable polymer drug-eluting stents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
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Rehman, Abdur, Ahmed, Ifra Eeman, Nouman, Ahmed, Irfan, Rabia, Rehman, Qareeha, Syed, Abdul Rehman Shah, Zakir, Syeda Javeria, Mehdi, Samar, Khosa, Maha Mushtaq, Kumar, Satesh, Khatri, Mahima, Samiullah, F. N. U., Mohamad, Tamam, and Varrassi, Giustino
- Abstract
BP-DES results in a higher all-cause death rate over follow-up periods of < 2 years compared to DP-DES.There are no appreciable clinical differences between the two types of stents for follow-up periods longer than 2 years for BP-DES and DP-DES.
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- 2024
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27. Coating of modified ZnO nanoparticles on cotton fabrics for enhanced functional characteristics
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Munir, Muhammad Usman, Ashraf, Munir, Abid, Hafiz Affan, Javid, Amjed, Riaz, Shagufta, Khanzada, Haleema, Rehman, Abdur, and Iqbal, Kashif
- Abstract
The incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) into textile fabrics can transform ordinary products to endow the new functional characteristics owing to their interesting surface characteristics. The surface functionalization of NPs can play a key role in controlling the colloidal stability followed by interactions between substrate and NPs leading to enhanced functional characteristics. Here, the synthesis of ZnO NPs was carried out through hydrothermal method. The surface of NPs was modified using silanol and tertiary amine-based coupling agents. The functionalized NPs were characterized using zeta potential, size distribution, XRD, EDX, and FTIR. The size of prepared NPs was observed as 34 nm. The disperse stability of functionalized NPs was studied by varying the concentration of coupling agent and assessed through the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) and antibacterial activity of the fabrics treated with functionalized NPs. The functionalized NPs exhibited stable dispersion with higher zeta potential and have a smaller size. A significant improvement in the UPF value and antibacterial activity of treated cotton fabrics was observed.
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- 2022
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28. Integrated computational analysis, in vitro, in vivo investigation on Myristica fragrans Houtt. essential oils for potential anti rheumatic activities.
- Author
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Imran, Muhammad, Haleem Shah, Abdul, Ullah, Niamat, Yousef Alomar, Suliman, Rehman, Abdur, Ur Rehman, Naeem, Nawaz, Asif, Baloch, Rabia, Zaman, Ali, Abdul Rafey, Hafiz, Abbas, Khizar, and Amin, Adnan
- Abstract
[Display omitted] Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammation associated autoimmune disorder that is prevalent worldwide. Occurrence of severe side effects with current therapeutic regimens is major concern these days. We investigated Myristica fragrans mace and seed for management of inflammation and RA. Oils were extracted and analyzed using ATR-FTIR conforming occurrence of the aromatic amine, phenolic, and carboxylic acid groups mostly found in terpenoids. Most of tested compounds exhibited compliance with drug likeness, bioavailability and ADMET set parameters of safety. Molecular docking analysis showed interaction (-0.6 ΔG (kJ mol
-1 ) of Myristicin with 4F5S. A significant antioxidant activity with DPPH, H 2 O 2 and FRAP assays was observed in case of essential oil. Essential oil part also presented a significant protective effect during heat induced hemolysis (66 ± 1.0 %), BSA denaturation assay (61 ± 1.4 %) and higher levels of proteinase inhibition (70 ± 1.4 %). Acute antiflammatory model in rat presented a significant decrease in inflammation with essential oil. It was concluded that Myrictica fragrans essential oil possess significant (p < 0.005) anti-inflammatory potential that can play a key role in management of RA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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29. Characteristics Analysis of Consequent-Pole Ferrite Magnet Vernier Machine Using Novel Equivalent Magnetic Circuit
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Rehman, Abdur and Kim, Byungtaek
- Abstract
This study deals with a consequent-pole (CP) vernier motor with low-cost ferrite magnets. To investigate the magnetic behavior of the CP permanent magnet vernier machine (CP-PMVM) quantitatively, two magnetic equivalent models are newly proposed which are applied to estimate the main and the modulation flux densities in air gap, respectively. Using the proposed models, it is revealed that the CP structure substantially reduces the effective air-gap length, and thus, a CP-PMVM with half number of magnets has much higher modulation flux density than that of a regular surface PM vernier machine (SPMVM). Consequently, the CP-PMVM is expected to able to keep the vernier effect high even with thick ferrite magnets, producing higher back electromotive force (EMF) than the SPMVM does. Moreover, large variation of air-gap length due to thick magnet thickness leads to a considerable advantage of reluctance torque. For a proto-designed CP-ferrite PMVM, the electromagnetic characteristics, such as main and modulation flux densities, back EMF, dq inductances, and torque, have been investigated by using the proposed method as well as finite-element (FE) method. In addition, through the demagnetization analysis, it is proved that the proposed CP-PMVM has certainly enough antidemagnetization capability, whereas an SPMVM with ferrite magnets loses its magnetism. From the analysis results, it is confirmed that the proposed machine with less magnet volume and low-cost ferrite magnets has higher torque compared with its SPM vernier counterpart. Finally, to validate the analytical and numerical analyses, experimental results are provided.
- Published
- 2022
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30. The Screening of Phytochemicals Against NS5 Polymerase to Treat ZikaVirus Infection: Integrated Computational Based Approach
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Rehman, Abdur, Ashfaq, Usman Ali, Javed, Muhammad Rizwan, Shahid, Farah, Noor, Fatima, and Aslam, Sidra
- Abstract
Background: The recent Zika Virus (ZIKV) outbreak provides a spur for new, efficient,and safe anti-Zika Virus agents. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is critical amongst theseven non-structural proteins for viral replication and considered an attractive drug target. Methods: In this study, molecular docking approach was used to rationally screen the library of5000 phytochemicals to find inhibitors against NS5 RdRp. LigX tool was used to analyze the 2Dplots of receptor-ligand interactions. The top-ranked compounds were then subjected to in-silicopharmacokinetic study. Results: The compounds namely Polydatin, Dihydrogenistin, Liquiritin, Rhapontin and Cichoriinwere successfully bound inside the pocket of NS5 RdRp. Polydatin was the leading phytochemicalthat showed high docking score -18.71 (kcal/mol) and bonding interaction at the active-site of NS5RdRp. They were subjected to analyze drug-like properties that further reinforced their validationand showed that they have more capability to attach with the receptor as compared toSOFOSBUVIR control drug. MD simulation of the top two complexes was performed and thesimulated complexes showed stability and ligands were kept within the bonding pocket. Conclusion: The study might facilitate the development of a natural and cost-effective drugagainst ZIKV. Further validation, however, is necessary to confirm its effectiveness and itsbiocompatibility.
- Published
- 2022
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31. Effect of copper nanoparticles on growth parameters of maize seedlings
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Raza, Ali, Ahmad, Saira, Mateen, Abdul, Arshad, Adnan, Rehman, Abdur, and Oliveira, Helena A.L.
- Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted great attention due to their unique properties and efficient applications in various sectors. Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for plants, which acts either as the metal component of enzymes or as a functional structural or a regulatory co-factor of a large number of enzymes. To understand the possible benefits of applying nanotechnology to agriculture, an important first step is to analyse penetration and transport of NPs in plants. The main aim of this article is to explore the possible effects of CuO NPs on germination of maize seedlings and growth of plants. Results showed that the germination rate, root and shoot length increased during uptake of Cu in the roots and the length of the shoots increased at high concentrations of CuO NPs. There was no toxic effect observed to inhibit seedling growth. In the sample in which the plants received a mixture of 800 mg/L of CuO NPs, the chlorophyll content decreased with photosynthetic activity and the catalase activity also decreased. While, in the sample in which the plants received a mixture of 550 mg/L CuO NPs, enzymatic and photosynthetic activities increased significantly along with root and shoot development in maize. The acquired results delivered conclusive evidence to indicate that the NPs considered under this study could enter into the maize plant cells, simply be assimilated by maize plants and also improved its growth by regulating the various enzyme activities.
- Published
- 2022
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32. Synthesis and Study of Modified Polyaspartic Acid Coupled Phosphonate and Sulfonate Moieties As Green Oilfield Scale Inhibitors
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Mady, Mohamed F., Rehman, Abdur, and Kelland, Malcolm A.
- Abstract
The petroleum industry has strived for several years to explore environmentally friendly scale inhibitors with no acute environmental impact. Well-known industrial biodegradable polyaspartic acid is widely used as a potent scale inhibitor (SI) against various inorganic scales in industrial circulating cooling water and topside petroleum applications. However, polyaspartic acid showed weak thermal stability at the petroleum reservoir temperatures. Here, we attempt to develop a new class of polyaspartic acid for squeeze treatment applications under harsh conditions. In this project, a series of modified polyaspartic acid, including pendant anionic functional moieties (phosphonate and sulfonate) were synthesized and investigated as new SIs to inhibit the calcium carbonate (calcite, CaCO3) and barium sulfate (barite, BaSO4) scales under oilfield conditions. These classes were synthesized via aminolysis of polysuccinimide with nucleophilic amine reagents under alkaline conditions. The products are polyaspartic acid-capped aminomethylene phosphonic acid (SI-2), polyaspartic acid-capped bisphosphonic acid (SI-3), polyaspartic acid-capped aminomethanesulfonic acid (SI-4), and polyaspartic acid-capped aminoethanesulfonic acid (SI-5), as well as in-house synthesized polyaspartic acid (SI-1). The scale inhibition activities of these compounds against carbonate and sulfate scales were determined using the dynamic scale loop test at 100 °C and 80 bar. Furthermore, the long-term thermal aging and calcium tolerance experiments were also investigated. It was found that polyaspartic-acid-capped aminomethylene phosphonic acid (SI-2) gave outstanding calcite scale inhibition performance and showed excellent thermal stability at 130 °C for 7 days compared to SI-1and other modified SIs (SI-3-SI-5). This phosphonated polymer also exhibited superior calcium tolerance performance with Ca2+ions up to 100 ppm, and moderate performance in the range of 1000–10 000 ppm calcium ions. This project highlights the success of designing and developing a new environmentally friendly calcite SI-based polyaspartic acid under harsh oilfield conditions.
- Published
- 2021
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33. EFFECT OF BIO-FERTILIZER AND BIOINOCULANT ON GROWTH, PHYSIOLOGY AND YIELD OF WILD GENOTYPES OF CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA L.) UNDER DROUGHT STRESS.
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Shah, Adeel Ijaz, Nijabat, Aneela, Hussain, Rameez, Shaheen, Humaira, Mehmood, Mahnoor, Amir, Sidra, Ullah, Sami, Akram, Shanza, Tehreem, Hafsa, Rasool, Ayesha, Rubab, Sana, Arif, Muhammad Awais, Hafeez, Mudassar, Rehman, Abdur, Hafeez, Muhammad Bilal, Khan, Umair A., Afreen, Nida, and Ali, Aamir
- Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and carrier based bio-fertilizer on the morphological, physiological and biochemical activity in five different genotypes of carrot, grown under drought stress. It is evident from the results that both PGPR and carrier based bio-fertilizer have significantly enhanced the morphological and physiological parameters i.e. leaf area, fresh root weight, root length, root diameter and relative water contents to different extents as compared to those of drought stressed uninoculated plants. Similar responses were also recorded for peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, polyphenol oxidase, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, total soluble protein contents, flavonoids and carotenoids contents. Fresh weight of root was significantly higher in the PGPR and carrier based bio-fertilizer treatments under drought stress. It is inferred that use of (PGPR) and carrier based bio-fertilizer can be eco-friendly and economically suitable option for carrot growers of arid and semiarid regions. Both the PGPR and the carrier based biofertilizers ameliorated the adverse effects of drought stress on all the parameters in particular the root biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
34. MASTERING THE ART OF MECHANICAL CIRCULATORY SUPPORT UTILIZATION IN ADVANCED CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: A LIFE-SAVING INTERVENTION
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PRABHAKAR, AKRUTI P, CARD, ALEX, LINARES VELANDIA, JUAN, VALENCIA, DAMIAN, REHMAN, ABDUR, PAVLINA, PETER, and SCHWARTZ, BRIAN
- Published
- 2023
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35. Some Formulas on the Drazin Inverse for the Sum of Two Matrices and Block Matrices
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Shakoor, Abdul, Ali, Ilyas, Wali, Samad, and Rehman, Abdur
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In this article, we construct new explicit formulas for the Drazin inverse of P+Qunder some conditions, where Pand Qare singular square matrices over skew fields. These formulas generalize some recent results in literature. By using these formulas, we establish new results for the Drazin inverse of 2×2block matrix under some assumptions over skew fields. Finally, illustrative numerical examples over skew fields are presented to demonstrate results of this paper.
- Published
- 2021
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36. Modelling, simulation, and optimization of diabetes type II prediction using deep extreme learning machine
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Rehman, Abdur, Athar, Atifa, Khan, Muhammad Adnan, Abbas, Sagheer, Fatima, Areej, Atta-ur-Rahman, and Saeed, Anwaar
- Abstract
Diabetes is among the most common medical issues which people are facing nowadays. It may cause physical incapacity or even death in some cases. It has two core types, namely type I and type II. Both types are chronic and influence the functions of the human body that regulate blood sugar. In the human body, glucose is the main element that boosts cells. However, insulin is a key that enters the cells to control blood sugar. People with diabetes type I do not have the ability to produce insulin. Whereas people with diabetes type II lack the ability to react to insulin and frequently do not make enough insulin. For adequate analysis of such a fatal disease, techniques with a minimum error rate must be utilized. In this regard, different models of artificial neural network (ANN) have been investigated in the literature to diagnose/predict the condition with a minimum error rate, however, there is a need for improvement. To further advance the accuracy, a deep extreme learning machine (DELM) based prediction model is proposed and investigated in this research. By using the DELM approach, a high level of reliability with a minimum error rate is achieved. The approach shows significant improvement in results compared to previous investigations. It is observed that during the investigation the proposed approach has the highest accuracy rate of 92.8% with 70% of training (9500 samples) and 30% of test and validation (4500 examples). Simulation results validate the prediction effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
- Published
- 2020
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37. Bat algorithm with Weibull walk for solving global optimisation and classification problems
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Rauf, Hafiz Tayyab, Hadi, Muhammad, and Rehman, Abdur
- Abstract
Bat algorithm (BA) becomes the most widely employed meta-heuristic algorithm to interpret the diverse kind of optimisation and real-world classification problems. BA suffers from one of the influential challenges called local minima. In this study, we carry out two modifications in the original BA and proposed a modified variant of BA called bat algorithm with Weibull walk (WW-BA) to solve the premature convergence issue. The first modification involves the introduction of Weibull descending inertia weight for updating the velocity of bats. The second modification approach updates the local search strategy of BA by replacing the Random walk with the Weibull Walk. The simulation performed on 19 standard benchmark functions represent the competence and effectiveness of WW-BA compared to the state of the art techniques. The proposed WWBA is also examined for classification problem. The empirical results reveal that the proposed technique outperformed the classical techniques.
- Published
- 2020
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38. Aptamer Induced Multicolored AuNCs-WS2 "Turn on" FRET Nano Platform for Dual-Color Simultaneous Detection of AflatoxinB1 and Zearalenone.
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Khan, Imran Mahmood, Niazi, Sobia, Yu, Ye, Mohsin, Ali, Mushtaq, Bilal Sajid, Iqbal, Muhammad Waheed, Rehman, Abdur, Akhtar, Wasim, and Wang, Zhouping
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Letter re: Incremental Increase in Hospital Length of Stay due to Complications of Surgery for Adult Spinal Deformity
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Ahmad, Waleed, Zaib, Bilal, and Rehman, Abdur
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- 2024
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40. Letter to the Editor: “Comparative Analysis of Nebulized Versus Intravenous Fentanyl for Pain Control After Tonsillectomy: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial”
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Shafiq, Saba, Rehman, Abdur, and Maqbool, Shahzaib
- Published
- 2024
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41. Letter to the editor: Preoperatively suspected gallbladder cancer improves survival compared with incidental gallbladder cancer in pT3 patients
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Rehman, Abdur, Butt, Adam U. A., and Shafiq, Saba
- Published
- 2024
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42. Antibiotic-induced loss of gut microbiome metabolic output correlates with clinical responses to CAR-T cell therapy
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Prasad, Rishika, Rehman, Abdur, Rehman, Lubna, Darbaniyan, Faezeh, Blumenberg, Viktoria, Schubert, Maria-Luisa, Mor, Uria, Zamir, Eli, Schmidt, Sabine, Hayase, Tomo, Chang, Chia-Chi, McDaniel, Lauren, Flores, Ivonne, Strati, Paolo, Nair, Ranjit, Chihara, Dai, Fayad, Luis E., Ahmed, Sairah, Iyer, Swaminathan P., Wang, Michael, Jain, Preetesh, Nastoupil, Loretta J., Westin, Jason, Arora, Reetakshi, Turner, Joel, Khawaja, Fareed, Wu, Ranran, Dennison, Jennifer B., Menges, Meghan, Hidalgo-Vargas, Melanie, Reid, Kayla, Davila, Marco L., Dreger, Peter, Korell, Felix, Schmitt, Anita, Tanner, Mark R., Champlin, Richard E., Flowers, Christopher R., Shpall, Elizabeth J., Hanash, Samir, Neelapu, Sattva S., Schmitt, Michael, Subklewe, Marion, Francois-Fahrmann, Johannes, Stein-Thoeringer, C.K., Elinav, Eran, Jain, Michael D., Hayase, Eiko, Jenq, Robert R., and Saini, Neeraj Y.
- Abstract
1.Broad-spectrum antibiotics significantly alter the gut and blood microbial metabolome in patients receiving CD19-CAR-T cell therapy.2.Broad-spectrum antibiotics deplete metabolically active commensal bacteria whose metabolites are essential for enhancing CAR-T efficacy.
- Published
- 2024
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43. A comprehensive insight into plant-derived extracts/bioactives: Exploring their antimicrobial mechanisms and potential for high-performance food applications
- Author
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Rasheed, Hafiz Abdul, Rehman, Abdur, Karim, Aiman, Al-Asmari, Fahad, Cui, Haiying, and Lin, Lin
- Abstract
The growing trend of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and concerns about the use of synthetic antimicrobials are giving rise to new challenges in modern-day society. It is worth noting that an alarming quantity of approximately 1.3 billion tons of food is regrettably wasted on an annual basis due to the detrimental effects of microbial degradation. Plant-derived extracts (PDEs) encompass a diverse array of bioactives, including phytochemicals, crude extracts, and essential oils, that are meticulously extracted from various botanical sources. These PDEs exhibit promising attributes that position them as viable alternatives to conventional antibiotics and preservatives of synthetic origin. This phenomenon can be explained by their innate capacity to hinder the growth of numerous bacteria. The aim of this review is to provide a thorough summary of the existing research on the use of PDEs as natural antibacterial agents. This article provides a summary of their fundamental mechanisms of action as well as an exploration of their practical applications within the food industry. This review encompasses their application in the production of fortified products, their implementation in active food packaging, and the development of innovative encapsulated systems. Research on the antibacterial and in vitrosynergistic effects of PDEs has received greater attention recently. The applications of PDEs are limited due to their susceptibility to oxidation and chemical instability, as well as their reduced ability to withstand environmental factors such as oxygen, light, and temperature. However, additional investigations are still necessary to determine and understand the effectiveness of PDEs as natural antimicrobial agents.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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44. Letter to the Editor: The Effectiveness of Salvage Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Following Combined Steroid Therapy for Refractory Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
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Rehman, Abdur, Maaz, Muhammad, and Kumar, Aashish
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- 2024
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45. Eco-friendly Dyeing of Cotton with Natural Colorants using Natural Mordants obtained from Aloe Vera
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Rehman, Abdur, Rehman, Muneeb ur, Naveed, Maryam, Javed, Kashif, and Khan, Asfandyar
- Abstract
Due to sustainable and green processing requirements from buyers, the researchers are working on natural dyes to dye textile materials. In this study, cotton fabric was successfully dyed with a natural colorant which was extracted from black tea, and aloe vera was used as a natural mordant to enhance the fixation of natural dyes. The aqueous extraction method was used to extract colorant from black tea powder in a water bath at the temperature of 85–95 °C for 60 min. Three mordanting techniques were applied for cotton dyeing by changing parameters such as dye concentration (2, 4, 8 % o.w.f) and mordant concentration (20, 40, and 60 g/L). Pretreated cotton fabric was dyed on a high-temperature (HT) dyeing machine at 80°C for 40 minutes at pH 5.5. The dyed cotton samples were analyzed for color strength (K/S), colorfastness, and antibacterial assessment (qualitative) using standard test protocols. The results showed that the maximum color strength value was achieved with 8% dye and 60 g/L mordant using pre mordanting method. The dyed fabrics revealed excellent colorfastness to washing, whereas the color fastness to light, perspiration, and crocking was satisfactory. The antibacterial property of the dyed fabric was also satisfactory which is confirmed by no colonial growth on or below the samples. In a nutshell, this study presented an ecofriendly approach using black tea leaves and aloe vera contributing to green and sustainable production.
- Published
- 2024
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46. Relationship of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome with Cardiovascular Risk Factors.
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Bilal, Muhammad, Haseeb, Abdul, and Rehman, Abdur
- Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. The two main documented pathogenic mechanisms are hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia but there is growing evidence for increased predisposition to cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our study aims to analyze the association of PCOS with cardiovascular risk factors. Methods This is a prospective study which targeted 100 PCOS patients from Civil Hospital Karachi over a period of one year (July 2016 to July 2017). An equal number of age-matched healthy control participants were also included in the study. The student’s t -test was used to assess the significance of differences using SPSS version (19). The statistical significance was set at a p -value of <.05. Results The most frequently presented feature associated with PCOS was primary infertility seen in 72% of the patients. Mean arterial pressure, fasting glucose and insulin levels and insulin resistance was found to be significantly different in PCOS patients as compared to their controls. A classic atherosclerotic lipid profile demonstrating elevated total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C) levels and decreased serum high density lipoprotein-C(HDL-C) was observed in our study. Conclusion This study established a significant yet independent association of PCOS with major cardiovascular risk factors. This association can effectively progress into CVD outcomes which necessitates early intervention programs and preventative strategies to reduce mortality from cardiovascular events. This study lays out the framework for conducting further researches on the PCOS women while exploring novel cardiovascular risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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47. Aptamer Induced Multicolored AuNCs-WS2“Turn on” FRET Nano Platform for Dual-Color Simultaneous Detection of AflatoxinB1and Zearalenone
- Author
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Khan, Imran Mahmood, Niazi, Sobia, Yu, Ye, Mohsin, Ali, Mushtaq, Bilal Sajid, Iqbal, Muhammad Waheed, Rehman, Abdur, Akhtar, Wasim, and Wang, Zhouping
- Abstract
Mycotoxins posit serious threats to human and animal health, and numerous efforts have been performed to detect the multiple toxins by a single diagnostic approach. To best of our knowledge, for the first time, we synthesized an aptamer induced “turn on” fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor using dual-color gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), l-proline, and BSA synthesized AuNCs (Lp-AuNCs and BSA-AuNCs), with WS2nanosheet for simultaneous recognition of aflatoxinB1(AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) by single excitation. Here, AFB1aptamer stabilized blue-emitting AuNCs (AFB1-apt-Lp-AuNCs) (at 442 nm) and ZEN aptamer functionalized with red-colored AuNCs (ZEN-apt-BSA-AuNCs) (at 650 nm) were employed as an energy donor and WS2nanosheet as a fluorescence quencher. With the addition of AFB1and ZEN, the change in fluorescence intensity (F.I) was recorded at 442 and 650 nm and can be used for simultaneous recognition with a detection limit of 0.34 pg mL–1(R2= 0.9931) and 0.53 pg mL–1(R2= 0.9934), respectively. Most importantly, the semiquantitative determination of AFB1and ZEN can also be realized through photovisualization. The current approach paves a new way to develop sensitive, selective, and convenient metal nanocluster-based fluorescent “switch-on” probes with potential applications in multipurpose biosensing.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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48. Further Nonlinear Retarded Integral Inequalities for Gronwall–Bellman Type and Their Applications
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Shakoor, Abdul, Ali, Ilyas, Azam, Muhammad, Rehman, Abdur, and Iqbal, Muhammad Zahid
- Abstract
In this article, we will derive several new nonlinear retarded integral inequalities for Gronwall–Bellman type and then apply them as handy tools to examine explicit bounds for solutions of initial value problems, and will also use to evaluate the qualitative as well as the quantitative behavior of solutions of nonlinear retarded differential and integral equations. These inequalities extend some present inequalities to the current literature. An application is also given to demonstrate the strength of our results.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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49. Multifunctional Finishing of Cotton Fabric
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Aslam, Sameen, Hussain, Tanveer, Ashraf, Munir, Tabassum, Madeeha, Rehman, Abdur, Iqbal, Kashif, and Javid, Amjed
- Abstract
The research in textiles is being driven by ecology, economy, and functionality. Therefore, the present research is focused on the development of multifunctional textiles that consume minimum energy during their processing, eco-friendly chemicals for functionalization, and use short processing steps. Eco-friendly cross-linkers such as butanetetracarboxylic acid and zinc oxide nanoparticles are used to impart wrinkle recovery, antibacterial activity, ultraviolet (UV) protection, bending rigidity, and antistatic properties to cotton fabric just in one step. The treated fabric has been characterized with Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffractometer. Wrinkle recovery, tear strength, antibacterial activity, UV protection, and antistatic properties were tested with AATCC 66-1990, ASTM D 1224, AATCC 147, AATCC 183, and UNI EN 1149, respectively. The treated fabric shows excellent functional properties up to 20 washing cycles.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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50. Comparison of Mechanical and Thermal Comfort Properties of Tencel Blended with Regenerated Fibers and Cotton Woven Fabrics
- Author
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Basit, Abdul, Latif, Wasif, Ashraf, Munir, Rehman, Abdur, Iqbal, Kashif, Maqsood, Hafiz Shahzad, Jabbar, Abdul, and Baig, Sajjad Ahmad
- Abstract
The demand of cotton is increasing but its low production rate cannot fulfill the world requirements. The increase in cotton demand has augmented the production of regenerated cellulosic fibers. Furthermore, cotton has proved to be unsustainable because of the use of huge amount of fresh water, pesticides and insecticides. The purpose of this work is to find out the suitable blend/blends of regenerated fibers so as to replace 100% cotton fabrics. Therefore, mechanical and comfort properties of Tencel fabrics blended with other regenerated cellulose fibers have been compared with 100% cotton to achieve the equivalent or even better end properties. Hence, cotton, viscose, Tencel, modal, and bamboo fibers were taken. Plain woven blended fabrics of 100% cotton and 50:50 blends of Tencel with other regenerated fibers were prepared from normal yarn count of 20 tex. The mechanical properties (warp-wise and weft-wise tensile and tear strengths, pilling, and abrasion resistance) and the comfort properties including air permeability, moisture management properties, and thermal resistance were evaluated. It is found that Tencel blended fabrics show better results than 100% cotton fabrics. Therefore, it is concluded that Tencel blended with these regenerated fabrics can be used to replace 100% cotton fabrics.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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