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Background Acetabular dysplasia (AD) causes pain, limited function, and development of early hip osteoarthritis. Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a surgical treatment for AD that aims to reposition the acetabulum to reduce pain and improve function. Purpose To examine pain recovery and physical activity (PA) before and during the six months after PAO. Study Design Case series, prospective Methods Individuals with AD scheduled for PAO were enrolled. Pain intensity was evaluated before PAO and at one week and one, three, and six months following PAO. PA levels was evaluated before and six months following PAO using accelerometers (time spent in sedentary behavior, light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA], and daily steps) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ; time spent in walking and in MVPA). Pain improvements was examined over time following PAO using a repeated-measures one-way ANOVA as well as improvements in PA levels before and six months after PAO using paired-sample t tests. In addition, time spent in MVPA was qualitatively summarized at each time point (before and six months after PAO) measured by both the accelerometers and IPAQ. Results Out of 49 screened participants, 28 were enrolled, and 23 individuals (22 females; age=23.1±7.9 years) completed both study visits. Compared to pre-PAO pain, participants reported significant improvements in pain at one month and onward following PAO (p<0.011). However, PA levels at six months following PAO did not differ from pre-PAO PA levels (p>0.05). Qualitatively, participants reported spending more time in MVPA recorded by the IPAQ (pre-PAO=73.3±150.2 mins/day; six-months after PAO=121.2±192.2 mins/day), compared with MVPA recorded by accelerometers (pre-PAO=22.6±25.2 mins/ day; six-months after PAO=25.0±21.4 mins/day). Conclusions Individuals with AD reported significant pain reduction at one month and up to six months after PAO, but PA levels did not change six months after PAO compared to baseline testing. Future studies should consider examining longitudinal pain recovery and PA improvements over longer periods of time with larger samples of individuals with AD undergoing PAO and identifying modifiable factors to minimize pain and increase PA participation. Level of Evidence III [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has surpassed surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) as the predominant mode of valve replacement for the treatment of severe aortic stenosis (AS). However, the long-term need for valvular reintervention after TAVR remains unknown. Using data from the Medicare Fee for Service 100% dataset, all patients receiving TAVR between July 2011 and December 2020 were identified. Patients were categorized as receiving a valve reintervention (either surgical or transcatheter) or not using the appropriate International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS). A competing risk regression model was used to estimate the cumulative probability of valve reintervention. Of 230,644 TAVR patients were identified, of whom 1,880 received a reintervention. Patients receiving a reintervention were younger and more likely to be male. At 10 years, the crude rate of reintervention was 0.59% within a surviving cohort of 341 patients. After adjusting for the competing risk of death and other covariates, the adjusted cumulative incidence of reintervention at 10 years after TAVR was 1.63%. When the rate of reinterventions was compared between early (2011-2016) and later (2017-2020) time periods, the risk-adjusted rate of reintervention at 4 years had decreased over time (0.85% vs 0.51%). The 10-year risk of valve reintervention after TAVR is low and appears to be decreasing over time. Further research is necessary to determine the driving factors contributing to valve reintervention in the current era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on dermatology residency applications, and it highlights an increase in internal matches due to a lack of away rotations, virtual interviews, and diversity promotion. It reports the challenges for medical students seeking dermatology residencies outside their home programs.

Although numerous studies exist evaluating the short-term clinical outcomes of patients who have undergone elbow arthroscopy for osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the capitellum, the literature on minimum 2-year clinical outcomes in a large cohort of patients is limited. We hypothesized that the clinical outcomes of patients treated arthroscopically for OCD of the capitellum would be favorable, with improved postoperative subjective functional and pain scores and with an acceptable return-to-play rate. A retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected surgical database was performed to identify all patients treated surgically for OCD of the capitellum at our institution from January 2001 to August 2018. The inclusion criteria for this study included a diagnosis of OCD of the capitellum treated arthroscopically with a minimum 2-year follow-up period. The exclusion criteria included any prior surgical treatment on the ipsilateral elbow, missing operative reports, and cases in which any portion of the surgical procedure was performed in an open manner. Follow-up was performed by telephone using multiple patient-reported outcome questionnaires: American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons–Elbow (ASES-e), Andrews-Carson, and Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow Score (KJOC) questionnaires and our institution-specific return-to-play questionnaire. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to our surgical database, 107 eligible patients were identified. Of these, 90 were successfully contacted, for a follow-up rate of 84%. The mean age was 15.2 years, and the mean follow-up time was 8.3 years. A subsequent revision procedure was performed in 11 patients, for a 12% failure rate in these patients. The ASES-e pain score was an average of 4.0 on a maximum pain scale of 100, the ASES-e function score was an average of 34.5 of a maximum of 36, and the surgical satisfaction score was an average of 9.1 of 10. The average Andrews-Carson score was 87.1 of 100, and the average KJOC score for overhead athletes was 83.5 of 100. Additionally, of the 87 patients evaluated who played sports at the time of their arthroscopy, 81 (93%) returned to play. This study demonstrated an excellent return-to-play rate and satisfactory subjective questionnaire scores with a 12% failure rate following arthroscopy for OCD of the capitellum with a minimum 2-year follow-up period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shoulder pain due to labral tears and biceps tendonitis is commonly found in softball players. Surgical options include labral repair and biceps tenodesis. Although past studies are limited by heterogeneous study groups from multiple sports, this is the first study that assesses clinical outcomes and return to play rates for fast-pitch softball players. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and return to play for fast-pitch softball players treated for a superior labrum anterior posterior (SLAP) tear and recalcitrant biceps tendonitis with a biceps tenodesis compared with a traditional SLAP repair. We hypothesized that the biceps tenodesis would have comparable outcomes with a faster return to play compared with SLAP repair. We performed a retrospective analysis on fast-pitch softball players treated surgically for SLAP tear, recalcitrant biceps tendonitis, or a combination between 2001 and 2019 at our institution. Inclusion criteria were fast-pitch softball players who underwent biceps tenodesis or a SLAP repair with greater than 2-year follow-up. Exclusion criteria involved slow-pitch softball players, patients with less than 2-year follow-up, and patients who had undergone concomitant procedures on the ipsilateral shoulder at the time of SLAP repair or biceps tenodesis. Follow-up was either self-reported through OBERD, a patient-reported outcomes (PRO)–managing software, or achieved over the phone. Follow-up data included American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form score, Andrews Carson Score, Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow Score, Numeric Rating Scale for Pain, and our institution-specific return-to-play questionnaire. We statistically compared players who underwent biceps tenodesis or a SLAP repair, and compared pitchers with position players using Student t tests and Fisher exact test with statistical significance determined to be P <.05. From 60 eligible patients identified, follow-up outcome data were successfully captured for 47 (78%). Of the 18 SLAP repair patients, 17 (94%) returned to full competition at an average of 7.9 months. Of the 29 patients who underwent biceps tenodesis, 27 (93%) returned to full competition at an average of 7.1 months. Statistical analysis of PRO scores for each group found no significant differences between any of the measures used to evaluate patient outcomes, including no statistical difference in pitchers compared with position players. In conclusion, this study demonstrated comparable outcomes between SLAP repairs and biceps tenodesis procedures among our study group of fast-pitch softball players. There was no significant difference between RTP times between the 2 groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To remain at the forefront of clinical practice and pedagogy, pediatric medical educators must stay informed of the latest research. Yet familiarization with the growing body of literature in both pediatrics and medical education is a near-impossible task for the busy medical educator. The purpose of this annotated bibliography is to summarize key manuscripts in medical education published in 2021 that have the potential to significantly influence a pediatric medical educator's practice. Using a 2-staged iterative process, discrete author pairs reviewed 1599 abstracts from 16 medical education and specialty journals. In summary, 16 manuscripts were selected and grouped into the following 6 domains: assessment and feedback, USMLE Step 1 changes, communication, wellness, diversity and inclusion, and professional development. The authors provide abridged summaries and high-yield takeaways from these manuscripts that may impact educational practices in pediatrics. This year, we also provide a 6-year retrospective review of the journals that have had selected articles for this annotated bibliography since inception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventionally, project managers schedule the activities first; later prepare for materials management, procurement, and supplier selection in project planning. This disjointed process leads in a loss of expected profit for the company owing to a lack of planning coordination. In this paper, a mixed integer programming model is developed for resource constrained multi-project scheduling, materials ordering (MO), and supplier selection (SS) problems to maximize the net profit of the organization. Since the resource constraint multi-project scheduling with MO and SS belongs to the class of problems that are NP-hard. Thus, a genetic algorithm-based memetic algorithm (MA) is proposed to solve the proposed model. The proposed MA utilizes the basic components of genetic algorithm (GA) like selection, crossover, and mutation with a local search. The proposed algorithm is tested on self-generated 16 instances with a range of 2 to 5 projects in a multi-project set with 30 to 90 activities in a project with 6 to 8 suppliers. The results revealed that the suggested MA generates better solutions than the GA by achieving projects higher net present value (NPV). The findings of this paper provide managerial insights for the project managers to secure organizations' profitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, Code Quality (CQ) has become critical in a wide range of organizations and in many areas from academia to industry. CQ, in terms of readability, security, and testability, is a major goal throughout the software development process because it affects overall Software Quality (SQ) in terms of subsequent releases, maintenance, and updates. It is particularly important for the development of safety critical systems. Existing studies on CQ have several shortcomings in that they are based on incomplete information about the source code, and tend to focus on only one feature, which is likely to determine the performance of the model. Moreover, these considerations often limit obtaining high accuracy because there is no strong relationship between the input data and the output data. Thus, it is necessary to design an effective and efficient SQ measurement system for measuring multiple quality factors. To that end, we propose a deep learning framework that employed a Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), called CNN-LDA, to classify input data into topics that are related to CQ features and to identify hidden patterns and correlations in programming data. Three SQ metrics (i.e., readability, security, and testability) and machine learning techniques (e.g., random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM)) are taken into account to validate the proposed model. The proposed CNN-LDA outperformed its peers across the vast majority of datasets examined. The average overall F-measure for readability, security, and testability are 94%,94% and 93%. The average overall accuracy for readability, security, and testability are 93%,93% and 92%. The superiority of LDA-CNN over the other classifiers was very clear based on a Wilcoxon's non-parametric statistical test (α = 0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Videoconference applications gained popularity when online learning became the new way of delivering instruction at all levels of education including graduate programs. However, excessive videoconferencing led to reports of fatigue among its users. Identifying the factors contributing to the videoconference exhaustion experience of graduate students is necessary. This study examined Zoom fatigue and selected associated factors among graduate students. An electronic one-shot survey using the Zoom Exhaustion and Fatigue scale was conducted among 109 graduate students of the College of Teacher Education in the Philippines. Correlation and predictive analysis were performed. Results of the study demonstrated a moderate level of Zoom fatigue with the highest level of fatigue in the general fatigue dimension. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a significant inverse correlation between attitude toward videoconferencing and Zoom fatigue. Non-verbal mechanisms of mirror anxiety, feeling physically trapped, hyper gaze, and cognitive load in producing nonverbal cues were significantly positively related to Zoom fatigue. Regression analysis revealed that the sense of being physically trapped and cognitive load in producing non-verbal cues remained significant predictors of Zoom fatigue. While videoconferencing supported educational activities and made schooling possible during the global disease outbreak, it is recommended to be mindful of the non-verbal factors contributing to Zoom fatigue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pediatric medical educators, with their multitude of responsibilities, may have difficulty staying abreast with both medical education and specialty specific medical literature. The body of medical literature is growing at an exponential rate. This annotated bibliography serves as a summary of highlighted medical education literature in the year 2020. The purpose was to identify manuscripts which have the potential to significantly influence a pediatric medical educator's practice. The authors reviewed abstracts from 14 medical education and specialty journals using a two-staged review process. Each stage of review was completed by 2 different authors. A total of 1861 abstracts were reviewed and ultimately 15 key manuscripts were identified. The authors grouped the manuscripts into 6 core domains: diversity and inclusion, faculty development, feedback, learner development, mentorship, and teaching skills. Condensed summaries of each medical education manuscript likely to influence educational practice are provided by the authors in this annotated bibliography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reexamines the long-held view of gold as a universal safe haven during stock market downturns. Utilising a dataset from 1979 to 2020, we investigate the conditional nature of gold's safe-haven status with the S&P 500 index, revealing that the specific drivers of market declines determine the extent of gold's safe-haven status. Notably, gold's protective efficacy is pronounced during downturns specifically triggered by macroeconomic news but less evident in downturns triggered by other reasons. Our result challenges traditional perceptions and suggests investors adopt a contextual approach to identifying safe haven assets. • Gold is a strong safe-haven asset when the S&P 500 falls owing to macroeconomic news. • Gold is not a strong safe-haven when the S&P 500 falls for several other reasons. • We establish the importance of contextually analysing assets' safe-haven attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In project planning, traditionally, the project managers first schedule the project activities, and then plan for materials ordering and supplier selection. This disintegrated approach lacks in planning co-ordination and causes a loss in expected profit for the organization. In this study, a concurrent model is proposed for resource constraint project scheduling with materials ordering and suppliers selection problems. The proposed model aims to maximize overall net present value for the organization considering ordering cost, procurement cost, materials holding cost, and the project's deadline penalty cost. The resource constraint project scheduling with materials ordering and suppliers selection is an NP-hard problem. Thus, a memetic algorithm hybridizing the genetic algorithm with a forward-backward improvement based local search is proposed to solve the proposed model. The proposed algorithm is tested on self-generated 120 instances varied from 30 to 60 activity projects with 4 to 8 suppliers. Experimental results show that the proposed genetic algorithm-based memetic algorithm approach generates better solutions than the standalone genetic algorithm. The concurrent project scheduling with materials ordering and supplier selection approach and solution methods have a significant implication for the managers to complete the project in an economic and timely manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]