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Objectives: To explore the relationship between aldehye dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH-1) and biological characteristics of the stable ALDH-1 knock-down Hela cell lines. Materials and Methods: Transfected Hela cells with lentiviral vector were utilized and puromycin was used to screen and achieve the stable cell lines. The interference efficiency was calculated by performing qRT-PCR to detect the expression of ALDH-1 of three groups including the interfering group, the negative control (NC) group, and the normal Hela group. CCK-8 assays were used to detect the OD value of each group. The coloning formation rate of each group was detected by colony formation assay. cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of each group were also detected by employing cell cycle and apoptosis experiments. Results: The stable ALDH-1 knock-down Hela cell lines were successfully obtained after two weeks' screening; compared with the NC and Hela group, the ALDH-1 expression level of interfering group was 1.05 ± 0.10 (both p < 0.05), whose silencing efficiency was 80.59%. CCK-8 assays verified that the mean OD value of interfering group was lower than that of NC and Hela group. Additionally, colony formation assays showed that the coloning efficiency of interfering group was lower than that of NC and Hela group. Cell cycle experiments proved that the proportion of G0/G1 phase of interfering group was higher than that of the other two groups, while the proportion of S phase was lower. Cell apoptosis assays indicated that the apoptosis rate of interfering group was the highest. Conclusions: Constructing stable interfering Hela cell lines with lentiviral vectors was successful and worthy of promotion. ALDH-1 plays an important role in promoting cell growth and proliferation, maintaining cell cycle and inhibiting Hela cell apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/purpose: Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. However, little is known about the effect of nicotine, the major component of cigarette smoke, on cementoblasts. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathological effects of nicotine on the murine immortalized cementoblast cell line (OCCM.30). Materials and methods: Cell viability was judged by using the Alamar Blue reduction assay. Cell migration was evaluated by transwell and wound-healing assays. The protein concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The semiquantitative 2',7'-dichlorfluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescence technique was used to detect the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Results: Concentrations of nicotine > 1.5mM demonstrated cytotoxicity to cementoblasts (P < 0.05). Nicotine attenuated cell migration in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). In addition, nicotine augmented the production of IL-6 and TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The concentration of 1mM nicotine enhanced the generation of intracellular ROS in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that nicotine could inhibit the growth and migration of cementoblasts. In addition, nicotine could also induce the generation of inflammatory cytokines and ROS by cementoblasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the electrochemical oxidation of caffeine under various operating parameters (current density, initial caffeine concentration, electrode material (BDD, PbO2, and Pt), and sample matrix). According to cyclic voltammetric analysis, the oxidation of caffeine on BDD was found to be electrochemically irreversible. The degradation efficiency of caffeine increased with increasing current density but noticeably decreased as initial caffeine concentration increased. Superior to the PbCh and Pt electrodes for caffeine degradation and total organic carbon abatement, the BDD anode exhibited the highest maximum value of caffeine mineralization current efficiency. At 200 mA/cm² and 25 °C, the pseudo-first-order rate constants of caffeine oxidation were 7.6X l0-4 and 6.9x10-4 1/s in 0.1 M Na2SO4 solution and secondary (municipal) wastewater treatment plant effluent, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The MB49 bladder cancer cell vaccine was effective against bladder cancer in the mice model in previous studies. However, part of the tumors regrew as the vaccine could not eliminate the cancer stem cells (CSCs). MB49 bladder cancer stem cells (MCSCs) were isolated by a combination of the limited dilution method and the serum free culture medium method. MCSCs possessed higher expression of CD133, CD44, OCT4, NANOG, and ABCG2, the ability of differentiation, higher proliferative abilities, lower susceptibility to chemotherapy, greater migration in vitro, and stronger tumorigenic abilities in vivo. Then streptavidin-mouse granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (SA-mGM-CSF) MCSCs vaccine was prepared. SA-mGM-CSF MCSCs vaccine extended the survival of the mice and inhibited the growth of tumor in protective, therapeutic, memorial and specific immune response experiments. The level of immunoglobulin G and the ratio of dendritic cells and CD4 and CD8 T cells were highest in the experimental group when compared to those in other four control groups, as well as for the cytotoxicity assay. We demonstrated that SA-mGM-CSF MCSCs vaccine induces an antitumor immune response to metastatic bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the effects of the initial Ce(III) concentration, nitric acid concentration, anion impurity, and cell device on Ce(lV) regeneration in simulated spent Cr-etching solutions from thin-film transistor liquid crystal display manufacture. Increasing HNO3 (electrolyte) concentration (0.5-4 M) favored 0.2 M Ce(III) electro-oxidation, Ce(III) diffusion [(0.37-3.32) × 10-6 cm² s-1], and internal cell resistance reduction. The amount of Ce(IV) regenerated from Ce(III) electro-oxidation and the current efficiency (CE) at 0.13 A cm-2 electrolysis on Pt increased with increasing initial Ce(III) concentration in 4 M HNO3 without impurities in a divided cell with an anion-exchange (AMI-7001) separator. Both Ce(lV) yield and CE were lowered in the copresence of multiple impurities, and the adverse influence of a single anion impurity on the Ce(IV) yield and CE was in the order Cl- > SO42- > Cr2O72-. The apparent rate constant of Ce(III) oxidation without impurity (1.32 × 10-4 s-1) was approximately fourfold that with multiple impurities; nevertheless, the two cases exhibited similar Ce(IV) yields or CEs at 0.13 A cm-2 electrolysis for 300 mm. For the Ce(lV) regeneration, the divided cell was superior to an undivided cell in the absence/presence of multiple impurities, and the AMI-7001 was better than a cation-exchange separator (CMI-7000). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which investigates the characteristics of an endochitinase gene from Bacillus cereus that was cloned, expressed and purified in the Escheria coli AD494(DE3)pLysS. It mentions the recognition and cutting off during expression of 33 amino acids in the N-terminal which resulted to some deviations in the prediction. It notes the higher specificity of almost 128-fold of purified recombinant chitinase which suggests that the recombinant enzyme was endochitinase.