Search

This cross‐sectional study aimed to determine the epidemiology of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to COVID‐19 in China. This study was conducted by 45 tertiary Grade‐A hospitals in China. Online and offline questionnaire data were obtained from patients infected with COVID‐19 between December 28, 2022, and February 21, 2023. The collected information included basic demographics, medical history, smoking and drinking history, vaccination history, changes in olfactory and gustatory functions before and after infection, and other postinfection symptoms, as well as the duration and improvement status of olfactory and gustatory disorders. Complete questionnaires were obtained from 35,566 subjects. The overall incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunction was 67.75%. Being female or being a cigarette smoker increased the likelihood of developing olfactory and taste dysfunction. Having received four doses of the vaccine or having good oral health or being a alcohol drinker decreased the risk of such dysfunction. Before infection, the average olfactory and taste VAS scores were 8.41 and 8.51, respectively; after infection, they decreased to 3.69 and 4.29 and recovered to 5.83 and 6.55 by the time of the survey. The median duration of dysosmia and dysgeusia was 15 and 12 days, respectively, with 0.5% of patients having symptoms lasting for more than 28 days. The overall self‐reported improvement rate was 59.16%. Recovery was higher in males, never smokers, those who received two or three vaccine doses, and those that had never experienced dental health issues, or chronic accompanying symptoms. The incidence of dysosmia and dysgeusia following infection with the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus is high in China. Incidence and prognosis are influenced by several factors, including sex, SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination, history of head‐facial trauma, nasal and oral health status, smoking and drinking history, and the persistence of accompanying symptoms.

In this letter, we propose to apply rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) to improve the system’s spectral efficiency (SE) and manage the severe multi-user interference in the mixed near- and far-field communication system. Specifically, RSMA is utilized to serve all near-field and far-field users on the same time-frequency resource. To further explore the potential of RSMA, we consider the user selection to design the optimal rate-splitting strategy. To this end, we formulate an optimization problem to maximize the sum SE via the joint consideration of user selection, hybrid precoding, and rate allocation. For tackling this non-convex problem, we propose an alternative optimization algorithm based on successive convex approximation and simulated annealing methods. Simulation results reveal that our proposed algorithm achieves a larger performance gain than the other competing benchmark schemes in terms of SE improvement.

In this study, Fang et al. report that the helicase subunit MCM2, DNA polymerase ε subunits DPB3/4, and histone chaperone FACT complex function collectively to maintain symmetrical parental histone segregation during heterochromatin replication in yeast. They further reveal a basis for leading/lagging strand bias of heterochromatin inheritance and describe the distinct dependence of inheritance efficiency on histone density, providing new insight into the mechanisms of inheritable epigenetic memory.

Calculating system damage caused by a cyberattack can help in understanding the impact and destructiveness of the attack to discover system security weaknesses. Thus, system damage calculations is important in the process of network offense–defense confrontation. However, there is little research on attack damage calculation. Current methods are unable to quantitatively evaluate the impact of an attack in a rational and accurate way. The lack of theoretical support and the complexity of both cyber systems and attacks bring tremendous challenges to attack damage calculations. In this paper, we propose a novel method called ADCaDeM to enable quantitative attack damage calculation based on a differential manifold. The damage is a negative utility produced by attack behaviors on an attacked object, which can be characterized and expressed by its attributes. We formally map the attack behaviors into a space constructed by the attributes of the attacked object in a mathematical way. Then, we propose an algorithm to construct these attributes as a differential manifold to represent their algebraic topological structure. According to the theory of tangent vectors and geodesics on the differential manifold, we can calculate attack behavioral utility in a physical way, such as computing the work done in physics. Regardless of the complexity of the dimensional structure of the attributes, the differential manifold structure can reasonably represent and calculate the damage caused by an attack. We simulate a data theft attack and a web penetration attack to test the performance of ADCaDeM and compare it with existing methods. Our experimental results illustrate ADCaDeM's advance in terms of rationality for calculating the damage caused by some typical cyberattacks.

The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel), is a devastating pest of citrus fruits. After successful mating, adult females insert their eggs into the ripened fruit, resulting in moldy and rotten fruit and causing great economic losses for the citrus industry. In the field, flies initiate copulatory behaviors as twilight approaches, and decreasing light intensity in this period is the normal stimulus for copulation. In this study, ten light intensities ranging from 0–30 000 lux were set to identify the typical intensity that strongly regulates the copulation behavior of B. dorsalis. Three light intensities found to regulate the copulation behavior were then selected to verify their effects on adult male wing fanning and female chemotaxis towards 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine (TMP). At last, strong light and complete darkness were artificially combined in the lab to verify whether they could prevent copulation to inform behavioral manipulation of oriental flies in the future. The results indicated that adult flies generally initiated copulatory behaviors at low light intensity (<1 000 lux). Stronger light significantly prevented copulation in proportion to intensity, with nearly no copulation events initiated when light intensity was above 20 000 lux. Both male wing fanning and female chemotaxis towards TMP were attenuated as light intensity became stronger. However, at 10 000 lux, males still fanned their wings to a certain extent while TMP completely lost its attractiveness to females. In the darkness, adults did not initiate any sexual behaviors, e.g., copulation, wing fanning, or chemotaxis to TMP. One hour of strong light (10 000 lux) combined with continuous darkness completely prevented mating. These results show that light condition is an essential factor for copulatory behaviors in the oriental fruit fly. Researchers could thus manipulate light conditions artificially or disrupt the molecular target in flies' light transduction pathway to develop environmentally-friendly techniques to control this pest.

Visible Light Communication (VLC) is an emerging short-range optical communication technology that can alleviate spectrum congestion. However, VLC faces security problems with man-in-the-middie hijacking and bypass listening. Since the covert transmission of visible light information has the characteristics of strong concealment and difficult detection, VLC based on information hiding becomes a new paradigm to solve these security problems. This article presents a method in which Red, Green, Blue (RGB) Light-emitting Diode (LED) is used to secure the VLC by using the information hiding technique. Specifically, a gammatone filter bank-based feature extraction method is suggested. This method extracts robust vector for information hiding and extraction. To hide and extract the information, a dither modulation information hiding scheme based on the adaptive optimization is proposed. The presented method uses dither modulation to hide information in the extracted feature vector, which can effectively improve the success rate of information extraction. On the basis of performance analysis, the superiority of the presented method is illustrated by comparing with the existing methods.

Multi-cellular organisms such as humans contain hundreds of cell types that share the same genetic information (DNA sequences), and yet have different cellular traits and functions. While how genetic information is passed through generations has been extensively characterized, it remains largely obscure how epigenetic information encoded by chromatin regulates the passage of certain traits, gene expression states and cell identity during mitotic cell divisions, and even through meiosis. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances on molecular mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance, discuss the potential impacts of epigenetic inheritance during normal development and in some disease conditions, and outline future research directions for this challenging, but exciting field.

‘CandidatusLiberibacter asiaticus (CLas)’, which causes citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) disease, has not been successfully cultured in vitroto date. Here, a rapid multiplication system for CLas was established through in vitroregeneration of axillary buds from CLas-infected ‘Changyecheng’ sweet orange (Citrus sinensisOsbeck). Stem segments with a single axillary bud were cultured in vitroto allow CLas to multiply in the regenerating axillary buds. A high CLas titer was detected in the regenerated shoots on an optimized medium at 30 days after germination (DAG). This titer was 28.2-fold higher than in the midribs from CLas-infected trees growing in the greenhouse. To minimize contamination during in vitroregeneration, CLas-infected axillary buds were micrografted onto seedlings of ‘Changyecheng’ sweet orange and cultured in a liquid medium. In this culture, the titers of CLas in regenerated shoots rapidly increased from 7.5×104to 1.4×108cells μg–1of citrus DNA during the first 40 DAG. The percentages of shoots with >1×108CLas cells μg–1DNA were 30 and 40% at 30 and 40 DAG, respectively. Direct tissue blot immunoassay (DTBIA) indicated that the distribution of CLas was much more uniform in regenerated plantlets than in CLas-infected trees growing in the greenhouse. The disease symptoms in the plantlets were die-back, stunted growth, leaf necrosis/yellowing, and defoliation. The death rate of the plantlets was 82.0% at 60 DAG. Our results show that CLas can effectively multiply in citrus plantlests in vitro. This method will be useful for studying plant-HLB interactions and for rapid screening of therapeutic compounds against CLas in citrus.

The high infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment prominently attenuates the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigate the metabolic profile of TAMs and identify S-2-hydroxyglutarate (S-2HG) as a potential immunometabolite that shapes macrophages into an antitumoral phenotype. Blockage of L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (L2HGDH)-mediated S-2HG catabolism in macrophages promotes tumor regression. Mechanistically, based on its structural similarity to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), S-2HG has the potential to block the enzymatic activity of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDDs), consequently reshaping chromatin accessibility. Moreover, S-2HG-treated macrophages enhance CD8+T cell-mediated antitumor activity and sensitivity to anti-PD-1 therapy. Overall, our study uncovers the role of blockage of L2HGDH-mediated S-2HG catabolism in orchestrating macrophage antitumoral polarization and, further, provides the potential of repolarizing macrophages by S-2HG to overcome resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy.

Purpose: Although electrocardiogram (ECG) has been proven as a biometric for human identification, applying biometric technology remains challenging with diverse heart rate circumstances in which high intensity heart rate caused waveform deformation may not be known in advance when ECG templates are registered. Methods: A calibration method that calculates the ratio of the length of an unidentified electrocardiogram signal to the length of an electrocardiogram template is proposed in this paper. Next, the R peak is used as an axis anchor point of a trigonometric projection (TP) to attain the displacement value. Finally, the unidentified ECG signal is calibrated according to the generated trigonometric value, which corresponds to the trigonometric projection degree of the ratio and the attained displacement measurement. Results: The results reveal that the proposed method provides superior overall performance compared with that of the conventional downsampling method, based on the percentage root mean square difference (PRD), correlation coefficients, and mean square error (MSE). Conclusion: The curve fitting equation directly maps from the heart rate levels to the TP degree without prior registration information. The proposed ECG calibration method offers a more robust system against heart rate interference when conducting ECG identification.

In recent years, the brain mechanism research speeds up for the effect of acupuncture intervention on chronic pain. Currently, in the relevant articles, the brain mechanism research in chronic pain focuses on musculoskeletal system diseases, in which, the rigorous controlled designs has been adopted in the most of researches and the effect verification has been predominated as the research objective. The corresponding results indicate that the brain mechanism of acupuncture effect is mediated by brain area, nerve circuit or brain network related with sensory, motor, cognitive and emotional functions. In this paper, the prospective thinking has been conducted on the dual-directional transfer between the relevant brain mechanism research and clinical research achievement. Moreover, the optimization and innovation of intervention scheme are prospected while the acupuncture intervention is promoted in pain rehabilitation widely in the future.

The weighted traversal pattern is important in software system for a better understanding of the internal structure and behavior of software. To mine important patterns of software, a complex network-based Optimal Software Fault Patterns Miner is presented. By analyzing the multiple execution traces of software and the relations among functions, we establish the Weighted Software Execution Dependency Graph model ultimately. The traversal database is generated through depth-first search strategy and the extraction of software path traversals. According to the downward-closure property, a pruning strategy is adopted by Weighted Frequent Candidate Pattern Tree to cut off more unpromising patterns in advance. A set of important patterns is derived without repeated calculation. The experimental results show that the proposed approach has good performance in the number of weighted frequent candidate patterns and time efficiency.

The purpose of the study was to assess the value of admission macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels in predicting clinical outcomes in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a severe type of stroke with high disability and mortality rates. In recent years, microglial exosome-derived miRNAs have been shown to be promising candidates for the treatment of ischemic brain injury and exert neuroprotective effects. Mechanisms underlying miRNA dysregulation in ischemic stroke are still being explored. Here, we aimed to verify whether miRNAs derived from exosomes exert effects on functional recovery. Methods: MiR-212-5p agomir was employed to upregulate miR-212-5p expression in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) as well as an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. Western blot analysis, qRT–PCR and immunofluorescence staining and other methods were applied to explore the underlying mechanisms of action of miR-212-5p. Results: The results of our study found that intervention with miR-212-5p agomir effectively decreased infarct volume and restored motor function in MCAO/R rats. Mechanistically, miR-212-5p agomir significantly reduced the expression of PlexinA2 (PLXNA2). Additionally, the results obtained in vitro were similar to those achieved in vivo. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study indicated that PLXNA2 may be a target gene of miR-212-5p, and miR-212-5p has great potential as a target for the treatment and diagnosis of ischemic stroke.

Defect distribution prediction is a meaningful topic because software defects are the fundamental cause of many attacks and data loss. Building accurate prediction models can help developers find bugs and prioritize their testing efforts. Previous researches focus on exploring different machine learning algorithms based on the features that encode the characteristics of programs. The problem of data redundancy exists in software defect data set, which has great influence on prediction effect. We propose a defect distribution prediction model (Deep belief network prediction model, DBNPM), a system for detecting whether a program module contains defects. The key insight of DBNPM is Deep belief network (DBN) technology, which is an effective deep learning technique in image processing and natural language processing, whose features are similar to defects in source program. Experiment results show that DBNPM can efficiently extract and process the data characteristics of source program and the performance is better than Support vector machine (SVM), Locally linear embedding SVM (LLE-SVM), and Neighborhood preserving embedding SVM (NPE-SVM).

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that excessive fructose intake induces liver fibrosis. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) driven by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad) signaling activation promotes the occurrence and development of liver fibrosis. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate is clinically used as a hepatoprotective agent to treat liver fibrosis, but its underlying molecular mechanism has not been identified. Using a rat model, we found that high fructose intake reduced microRNA (miR)-375-3p expression and activated the janus-activating kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) cascade and TGF-β1/Smad signaling, which is consistent with the EMT and liver fibrosis. To further verify these observations, BRL-3A cells and/or primary rat hepatocytes were exposed to high fructose and/or transfected with a miR-375-3p mimic or inhibitor or treated with a JAK2 inhibitor, and we found that the low expression of miR-375-3p could induce the JAK2/STAT3 pathway to activate TGF-β1/Smad signaling and promote the EMT. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate was found to ameliorate high fructose-induced EMT and liver fibrosis in rats. More importantly, magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate increased miR-375-3p expression to suppress the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and TGF-β1/Smad signaling in these animal and cell models. This study provides evidence showing that magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate attenuates liver fibrosis associated with a high fructose diet.

In this study, Bao et al. investigated how transcription is regulated within heterochromatin in fission yeast. They show that overexpressed Epe1 associates with SAGA and recruits SAGA to heterochromatin regions (which leads to an increase in histone acetylation, transcription of repeats, and the disruption of heterochromatin) and that Epe1 recruits SAGA to regulate transcription within heterochromatin when expressed at normal levels.

Heat stress (HS) causes significant economic losses and has become a continual challenge in the dairy industry worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a dietary supplement on milk performance and immune function in late-lactation cows under HS conditions. The supplement was a fermented Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) mixture consisting of 18 herbs. Forty lactating Holstein cows (560 ± 51.0 kg of initial BW, 230 ± 10.0 DIM, 16 ± 3.0 kg of milk per day) were randomly assigned into 4 treatment groups (10 cows per group). Each group was fed a dietary supplemented with 0, 25, 50, or 100 g CHMs per cow per day. Cows were housed at high ambient temperature-humidity index (average 74.5) for an experimental period of 42 d during the summer months. Milk yield, composition, immune responses involving blood lymphocyte apoptosis rate, serum biochemical parameters, and genes expression in lymphocytes were evaluated on days 14, 28, and 42, respectively. Results showed that milk yield, milk fat, and protein content were greater (all P< 0.05) for 50 or 100 g/d CHMs compared with the group without CHMs supplements throughout the experimental period. On the other hand, increasing CHMs dose demonstrated a greater lymphocyte or leukocyte count (P< 0.01). By flow cytometry analysis, early or late apoptosis rate of the lymphocytes was decreased (P< 0.05) by CHMs supplements. The immunity-related biochemistry and genes transcript responses involving cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-12), apoptosis (Bak, Mcl-1, Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and P53), and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM) were investigated. Compared with the unsupplemented group, the serum IL-2 and IL-6 levels, as well as IL-2 mRNA expression, increased (P< 0.05) for 100 g/d. However, the serum IL-1 level tended to decrease (P= 0.08) with increasing CHMs dose, and IL-1 mRNA expression was down-regulated (P= 0.02) by up to 24% for 100 g/d. Additionally, the serum Bax level decreased (P< 0.01) and Bcl-2 level increased (P= 0.01) for 100 g/d. Bax and Bak mRNA expressions were down-regulated (P< 0.05), and Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl expression were up-regulated (P< 0.05) for 50 or 100 g/d. The mRNA expressions of P53 and Mcl-1 were not affected by CHMs (P> 0.10). Besides, serum IgG levels were greater (P< 0.01) for 50 or 100 g/d, compared with unsupplemented group. In conclusion, CHMs supplements may improve milk performance and immune function in dairy cows under HS conditions.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Currently, only chemoembolization and sorafenib have shown survival benefits for advanced HCC. There are major unmet needs in HCC management and the discovery of new therapeutic targets. Here we identified NCAPG (non-SMC condensin I complex, subunit G) as a novel mitotic gene required for HCC cell proliferation and migration through siRNA knockdown of a panel of novel overexpressed genes in HCC based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. We found that knockdown of NCAPG induces HCC cell mitosis and inhibits cell growth, proliferation, and migration in vitro. Tetracycline-inducible shRNA knockdown of NCAPG inhibits tumor growth of HCC cells in vivo. Moreover, overexpression of NCAPG in clinical HCC samples was associated with recurrence and survival of patients. The overexpression of NCAPG was significantly correlated with the overexpression of CCNB1 (G2/mitotic-specific cyclin B1), a regulatory protein involved in mitosis. Therefore, NCAPG may provide a promising novel therapeutic target for the treatment of advanced HCC in the future.

During the prediction of software defect distribution, the data redundancy caused by the multi-dimensional measurement will lead to the decrease of prediction accuracy. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposed a novel software defect prediction model based on neighborhood preserving embedded support vector machine (NPE-SVM) algorithm. The model uses SVM as the basic classifier of software defect distribution prediction model, and the NPE algorithm is combined to keep the local geometric structure of the data unchanged in the process of dimensionality reduction. The problem of precision reduction of SVM caused by data loss after attribute reduction is avoided. Compared with single SVM and LLE-SVM prediction algorithm, the prediction model in this paper improves the F-measure in aspect of software defect distribution prediction by 3%∼4%.

Heavy metal contamination has been regarded as an environmental variable that affects the efficiency of pest biological control, but the parasitic fitness of parasitoids under heavy metal stress is poorly understood. Herein, the effect of Cd exposure through the host pupa of Hyphantria cuneaon the parasitic fitness of Chouioia cuneawas investigated, and the mechanism by which Cd exposure affects the interaction between H. cuneaand C. cuneafrom the perspective of innate immunity in host insect and the oxidative status in the parasitoid offspring was explored. Our results indicated that Cd can be transferred from the H. cuneapupae to the parasitoid offspring, and the transfer coefficient reflected biological amplification. There were no significant differences in the rates of parasitism success and offspring emergence between the untreated and Cd-treated groups. However, after parasitizing Cd-accumulated pupae, the parasitic fitness of offspring wasps (e.g., the number, individual size and life span) decreased significantly. Under Cd exposure, the cellular and humoral immunity of H. cuneapupae decreased significantly. Compared with the untreated group, the H2O2content of parasitoid offspring in the Cd-treated group was significantly increased. Cd exposure significantly inhibited superoxide dismutase activity in parasitoid offspring, but the contents of ascorbic acid and glutathione were significantly increased by Cd stress. Taken together, these results indicate that Cd exposure reduces the cyclic utilization efficiency of C. cuneaon H. cuneapupae. The oxidative status of parasitoid offspring triggered by Cd exposure could be responsible for the reduced parasitic fitness of C. cuneaon Cd-accumulated H. cuneapupae.

Alizarin (1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone) is a natural red dye extracted from the roots of Rubia cordifoliaL. (family Rubiaceae). Alizarin has been used as a biological red stain for calcium. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has critical roles in multiple physiological pathways. This study aimed to determine whether alizarin is an unreported ligand of AhR. In the present study, we investigated the effects on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 mRNA, protein expression, AhR nuclear translocation, aryl hydrocarbon response element (AHRE) reporter activity, and AhR-specific antagonist following alizarin treatment of cells of the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, and murine hepatoma cell line, Hepa-1c1c7. Alizarin induced CYP1A1 mRNA and protein expression in HepG2 and Hep-1c1c7 cells. Such induction was not present in C4 (B13NBii1) cells, which are AhR signal deficient, C12 (B15ECiii2) cells, which reduce AhR protein levels. The alizarin-induced responses were blocked by CH-223191, which is an AhR antagonist. Alizarin, the same as with the AhR ligand, induced the nuclear localization of AhR, as well as stimulated the transcriptional activity of AHRE. The results of this study suggest that alizarin is an AhR agonist.

Microvesicles (MVs) are submicron intact particles released from the cellular membrane of eukaryotic cells. MVs can be sub-categorised into microparticles (MPs), which are between 100nm- 1micron in size, and exosomes, measuring less than 100nm. Once thought to be cellular debris, MPs are now known to play important biological effector functions. Their biogenesis and release are as a result highly regulated processes in response to cellular activation or stress, and apoptosis. MPs are now known to play a crucial role in maintaining physiological homeostasis and have been demonstrated to be involved in numerous biological processes, including inflammation, cardiovascular disease, immune response, cancer dissemination, coagulation and angiogenesis. Consequently, there is active interest in studying MPs, and their ‘cause and effect’ in the initiation and potentiation of various pathologies. Circulating levels, both quantitative and qualitative, of MPs is thought to be a reflective index of cardiovascular competence. Therefore, studies to understand the biological relevance of the various permutations and combinations of circulating MPs, their cellular origin and bioactive cargo may lead to increased understanding of the sequelae of CVD and associated diseases. This review synopsizes our current understanding of the role of MPs in cardiovascular disease, their biogenesis and effector function, and their future use as both diagnostic and prognostic indices of cardiovascular disease.

A new computation for the leaking flowrate in the plane valveplate sector of the pistons pump considering the influence of the flow inertia is proposed. Establish the theoretical math model about the flow field, based in the N-S equation and the sequence equation, and the leaking flowrate in the plane valveplate sector considering the influence of the flow inertia is computed in the boundary conditions of the press and the velocity. It is not the same as the common formula that the leaking flowrate computation formula established in this paper includes the factor of the flow inertia in the plane valveplate sector, which can reflect the influence of the flow inertia. The theory computation is checked by the FEM simulation. The theory computation result is approximate with the simulation result. The computing results indicate that the leaking flowrate of the plane valveplate sector increases when the press and the height of the seam increase, just as the other conditions are the same. And the flow inertia leads to the increase of the leaking flowrate, the influence is obvious in some conditions.

This paper aims to get the kinematic performance and control parameters of moving mooring marine current turbine system such as velocity, period of motion, speed increasing ratio, motion trail, tension of cable, steerage and timing of control, strength of the platform and etc. This article first gets the hydrodynamic parameters with CFD and then builds the equations of motion, and the system simulation test was carried out with Matlab and Adams. The result shows that this moving mooring marine current turbine system can move on a designed trajectory by steering in flow environment. The velocity of the platform is about six to eight times to the current speed. The simulation lays a foundation for the development of engineering prototype. There have been plenty of information proved the theoretical breakthrough but we still need to face great challenge in the project practice in the coming future.

The issue on finding an effective evaluation method on software structural stability is rarely touched upon in software security research. An assessment method of software microstructural stability was developed by Khalil in 2002. A new evaluation method on software structural stability is proposed in this paper, which is based on Motifs according to the theory of complex networks. Average shortest path length comparison and clustering coefficient with degree distribution are used in the method, in which the key evaluation indexes are used to analyze software structural stability. The comparison experiments have been done between the proposed method and Khalil’s method. 10 real software systems of different sizes and types are selected in the experiments to verify the proposed evaluation method. The result shows that the proposed method is correct and effective.

Communication between heterogeneous systems is difficult to be achieved without affecting the existing systems in Enterprise Application Integration. A kind of dynamic web services publishing software based on CXF is proposed in this paper. The purpose of this software are twofold. Firstly, it encapsulates specified data called by other systems into web service published dynamically which unifies customization among heterogeneous systems. Secondly, the function of service monitoring provided allows users to get the real-time information of published web services. The proposal software has been deployed in a Chinese large-scale military enterprise. Practice in the enterprise shows that the software can simplify web service development, quickly build a web service which encapsulates large amounts of data, and achieve information sharing within the enterprise environment.

The coordination modeling language Paradigm addresses collaboration between components in terms of dynamic constraints. The consistency rule is a key notion in Paradigm. However, the original process of visualization modeling is without consistency rule, leading to complex. For this reason, by analyzing the theory of modeling in Paradigm and getting the relation between consistency rule and visualization modeling, the paper provides a method for visualization modeling with consistency rule. The method gets the input at first, and then creates state items, by checking states and action in the rule. Besides, getting the mouse events, it creates corresponding phase and traps to model. As the experiment, the method implements the process as design. The method brought in is valid for simplifying the process of creating visualization model.

The CR/OMMT nanocomposites were prepared by mechanical blending, and the microstructure and properties of nanocomposites were studied. The half-exfoliated organoclay nanocomposites with uniform dispersion were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the cure characteristic, physics mechanical and anti-aging properties of CR/OMMT nanocomposites due to the percent of OMMT were discussed. The results showed that the tear strength and the tensile strength of the nanocomposites with 5 phr OMMT were improved by 49% and 53.3%, respectively. The anti-aging properties of nanocomposites were improved greatly. OMMT could participate in the vulcanization reaction, reduced the cure time (T90) of nanocomposites, and raised the production efficiency.

In this thesis, a dynamic analysis model is established that subjected to a series of moving harmonic loads, and the analytical solution of the dynamic response is deduced based on the mode superposition method. Based on this analytical solution, a program is made to calculate the vertical dynamic response of simply-supported beam. The calculation results show that the analytical solution is reasonable and correct. When the harmonic frequency is near to the fundamental frequency of the simply-supported beam, the resonance phenomenon will occur. The dynamic response of the beam will decrease as the speed increases, and the presence of damp can suppress the vibration of the bridge.

Chemical compatibility of self-lubricating ceramic tool materials, such as Al2O3/TiC/MoS2, Al2O3/TiC/h-BN, Al2O3/TiC/CaF2, were analyzed and calculated, and the results were verified by X-ray diffraction patterns. The optimal volume content of solid lubricant was calculated by the thermal stress theory under specific condition. The results show that under high temperature, there were some reactions in Al2O3/TiC/MoS2 and Al2O3/TiC/h-BN, while there were no reactions in Al2O3/TiC/CaF2. To Al2O3/TiC/CaF2, the optimal volume content of CaF2 is 25.1% under specific condition.

For friction design, the antifriction model of self-lubricating tool was built. Al2O3/TiC/CaF2 was prepared, and the chemical compatibility of Al2O3/TiC/CaF2 was analyzed and calculated and the results were verified by X-ray diffraction patterns. The microstructure design of self-lubricating tool material was discussed. The results show that it can reduce the friction coefficient if solid lubricating film can be produced on the friction interface, even the lubricating film can't completely be formed on the friction interface. Under high temperature, there were no reactions in Al2O3/TiC/CaF2. To form continuous net structure of matrix and reduce the friction, the solid lubricants content should be moderate. According to analysis of the particle packing ways, the radius ratio between solid lubricant particles and ceramic matrix particles was confirmed and it should be within the scope of 0.225 r / R 0.414.

The initiators caspase-9 (CASP9) and caspase-10 (CASP10) are two key controllers of apoptosis and play important roles in carcinogenesis. This study aims to explore the association between CASPsgene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility in a population-based study. A two-stage designed population-based case-control study was carried out, including a testing set with 300 cases and 296 controls and a validation set with 206 cases and 845 controls. A total of eight tag selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CASP9and CASP10were chosen based on HapMap and the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) datasets and genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association of SNPs with CRC risk. In the first stage, from eight tag SNPs, three polymorphisms rs4646077 (odds ratio (OR)AA+AG: 0.654, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.406-1.055; P=0.082), rs4233532 (ORCC: 1.667, 95% CI: 0.967–2.876; ORCT: 1.435, 95% CI: 0.998–2.063; P=0.077), and rs2881930 (ORCC: 0.263, 95% CI: 0.095–0.728, P=0.036) showed possible association with CRC risk. However, none of the three SNPs, rs4646077 (ORAA+AG: 1.233, 95% CI: 0.903–1.683), rs4233532 (ORCC: 0.892, 95% CI: 0.640–1.243; ORCT: 1.134, 95% CI: 0.897–1.433), and rs2881930 (ORCC: 1.096, 95% CI: 0.620–1.938; ORCT: 1.009, 95% CI: 0.801–1.271), remained significant with CRC risk in the validation set, even after stratification for different tumor locations (colon or rectum). In addition, never tea drinking was associated with a significantly increased risk of CRC in testing set together with validation set (OR: 1.755, 95% CI: 1.319–2.334). Our results found that polymorphisms of CASP9and CASP10genes may not contribute to CRC risk in Chinese population and thereby the large-scale case-control studies might be in consideration. In addition, tea drinking was a protective factor for CRC.

In this thesis, the dynamic responses of simply supported beam bridge in a double-line railway under bidirectional moving loads are mainly studied. To study the characteristics of Euler- Bernoulli beam, a train is simplified as a series of concentrated forces with fixed wheelbase.Structural dynamics is used to deduce the analytical expressions of vertical vibration of simply supported beam under bidirectional moving loads. By simulation software MATLAB, the numerical result of the dynamic responses of simply supported beam bridge could be obtained. Then the 48 meters simply supported beam bridge in a high-speed railway is analyzed, the dynamic responses of simply supported beam of bidirectional moving loads with different interarrival times are discussed.Finally, some general laws for the design of double-line railway bridge are gained.