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Prior work on leadership in information systems development (ISD) teams has assumed that all developers are treated equally by their team leader and ignored the possibility that differentiated leader-member exchange (LMX) may be an important instrument for team leaders to influence self-organizing, agile ISD teams. We conducted a concurrent mixed methods inquiry to understand how LMX differentiation is associated with developer satisfaction in agile ISD teams and through which team processes agile ISD teams address LMX differentiation. We ran a multilevel, multistage survey of 1,894 software developers in 217 teams and an embedded case study of five ISD teams drawing on qualitative data from 40 interviews of developers and team leaders. Two focus groups (one with 10 developers and one with 10 team leaders) helped to substantiate the meta-inferences from the quantitative and qualitative studies. The results showed that LMX differentiation was positively associated with developer satisfaction, especially in teams with high-quality team-member exchange (TMX). We identify three team processes (i.e., collectivization of resources, visible appreciation of privileges, and freeing up leader capacities) that are enacted through agile ISD practices and allow ISD teams to leverage benefits from LMX differentiation for all their members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the factors that contribute to the formation of destination loyalty of trade fair exhibitors, through the perspective of social exchange theory. The study was conducted on the exhibitors of the 86th Thessaloniki International Fair (TIF) from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) who visited the city within the framework of the Honored Country concept. Results showed that the concept of the Honored Country is closely related to destination loyalty, while the relationship between satisfaction with trade fair participation (TFS) and destination loyalty (DL) was noted. Moreover, the relationship between social exchange theory–trust (T) and visitors' satisfaction (VS)–and destination loyalty (DL) was also noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the political economy of political party coalitions in the South African local sphere of government. The focus is on the political control of the local government in South Africa, which has gravitated from a single political party, mainly the African National Congress (ANC), to coalitions with other smaller political parties. This form of governance has been a popular method in the local sphere of government, especially in all those local municipalities where no political party, including independent candidates, won the elections with 50% or more. However, the effectiveness of this form of governance has been highly contested and questioned in the literature. This is because a coalition embeds different political parties with different policy documents, a programme of action, and ideological positions, making effective collaboration a mammoth task to achieve. The study employs a qualitative research approach, exploiting the use of extant literature, namely municipality records, government reports, and newspaper articles. It uses social exchange theory as the study's theoretical framework for analysing the political economy of political party coalitions in the South African local sphere of government. The aim is to describe how political party coalitions affected municipal service delivery between 2016 and 2021. Several categories of the impact on service delivery emerging from political party coalitions in local government in South Africa are noted. These are governance and functionality, political interests, transnationalism, and short-term and long-term effects. The study provides recommendations on how to improve the quality of service under the burgeoning shift in the governance paradigm of South African municipalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we examine the role of reciprocity enabled by digital social platforms for offline healthy behavior. Although reciprocity is a fundamental aspect of human psychology, its application in promoting healthy behavior has been limited. We conduct a randomized field experiment with over 1,700 pairs of users on a mobile social network platform. Individuals in the reciprocity treatment group receive a gift from their friends and are asked to return this favor by participating in a running challenge. Their performance is compared to the self-interest incentives widely used in practice. Building on social exchange theory, we argue that reciprocity-based incentives will outperform self-interest incentives with modest reward for motivating behavior change. We find that, on average, reciprocity is stronger than self-interest in inducing exercise behavior by a substantial amount. Furthermore, our results reveal that the magnitude of the reciprocity effect is contingent on the social closeness between senders and receivers. Interestingly, social closeness has an inverted U-shaped influence on the reciprocity effect. The effect is strongest when closeness is moderate, and wanes when closeness is either too strong or too weak. Compared to commonly used self-interest based financial incentives, our findings offer a potentially more powerful avenue for mechanism design in promoting healthy behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Recherches en Sciences de Gestion is the property of ISEOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The goal of this paper is to determine holistic archetypes of information technology (IT) outsourcing strategy. It does this through an overarching theoretical framework that integrates three dominant theories of inter-organizational relations in the IT outsourcing literature, namely transaction cost economics, resource dependency, and social exchange theories. A contingency fit theoretical framing is married to a configurational approach to explicate the intricate relationships that spring up between a focal firm and its outsourcing vendors when they are working toward specific strategic objectives under varying contingencies. In line with this theoretical objective, we used qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), a set-theoretic configuration method that can handle the interdependent complexity among multiple elements of IT outsourcing. The technique was applied to a sample of 235 companies that have outsourced some or all of their IT functions. Findings at the project level of analysis empirically reveal two sets of configurations of strategic IT outsourcing elements, one set of configurations resulting in high economic benefit and the other set leading to high strategic benefit. Next, we compare similarities and differences among multiple, equifinal configurations and infer archetypes of IT outsourcing strategy internally congruent in terms of the strategic objectives as well as matching specific contextual contingencies. Our holistic archetypes take the form of theoretical propositions integrating the previous fragmented and inconsistent knowledge in IT outsourcing resulting from the causal ambiguity and complexity inherent in IT outsourcing projects as well as from divergent theories in the literature. Furthermore, by defining specific contingency boundaries, our archetypes provide managers with context-specific guidelines for strategic decisions regarding their relationships with outsourcing vendors, helping different sized firms to effectively succeed in IT outsourcing, contingent on the IT type being outsourced. Finally, we discuss new insights and implications of this study for complementing and extending the extant theories in IT outsourcing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the impact of psychological contract breach on counterproductive work behavior mediated by organizational trust and work engagement in state civil apparatus in West Sulawesi Province. The samples of this research were 288 state civil apparatus (ASN) in West Sulawesi Province. The sampling technique used was proportionate sampling with the help of the applications of SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) and SPSS on the Sobel test operated through the AMOS software. The results of the present study were as follow: 1) Psychological contract breach had a positive and significant impact on counterproductive work behavior; 2) Psychological contract breach had a negative and significant impact on organizational trust; 3) Psychological contract breach had a negative and significant impact on work engagement; 4) Organizational trust had a negative and significant impact on counterproductive work behavior; 5) Work engagement had a negative and significant impact on counterproductive work behavior; 6) Organizational trust directly mediated the correlation between psychological contract breach and counterproductive work behavior; 7) Work engagement directly mediated the correlation between psychological contract breach and counterproductive work behavior. These research results were expected to reduce counterproductive work behavior by increasing organizational trust and work engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Religion influences people and their perceptions. This paper examines Muslim hosts' perception of Western mass tourism using the tourist island of Gili Trawangan in Indonesia. The study's primary purpose is to show how the beliefs and practices of the Islamic religion of the local community influence the perception of the impacts of tourism. A quantitative method was employed among locals. The results show a certain tolerance and acceptance of Western tourism by the local Muslim community, characterized as having a strong religious belief and a practice level that varies from one individual to another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Short-term rental platforms such as Airbnb have enjoyed considerable success in recent years. However, critics accuse the platforms of having negative impacts, leading to gentrification, disruption, and increased rent and house prices. While research has investigated actual impacts of short-term rental platforms, we lack systematic, generalizable, and comparative evidence on the perceived impacts of such platforms, especially from a social exchange perspective and on a country level. To address these shortcomings, we conducted a representative survey in the US and UK with a holistic set of perceived impacts. Using social exchange theory (SET) and applying a range of multi-variate statistical analyses, such as exploratory factor analysis, cluster analysis and discriminant analysis, we systematically compare these two contexts. The findings indicate that US residents assess short-term rental platforms more positively than UK residents, especially for recreational, amenities-oriented and economic impacts. Among respondents who have used short-term rental platforms as guests, the perceptions are more alike between the two countries, suggesting a homogenization effect. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the results. • Short-term rental platforms such as Airbnb have been controversial. • Perceived impacts, as opposed to actual impacts, are neglected in previous research. • Systematically investigates perceived impacts of short-term rental platforms. • Uses a comparative approach with a representative sample for the US and UK. • UK residents see perceived impacts of short-term rental platforms more negatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the accessibility and anonymity features of social media platforms, ordinary users have emerged as facilitators of misinformation dissemination. An effective countermeasure is to encourage these users share fact-checking, which not only curbs the further dissemination of false information but also rectifies the beliefs of those previously misinformed. Based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and Social Exchange Theory (SET), this study constructed the influencing factors model of remedial behavior for misinformation. Ten research hypotheses were proposed and tested through the analysis by SmartPLS of 403 valid questionnaires collected from China in 2021. The results showed that for remedial attitude, it is self-efficacy, outcome expectation and perceived remedial effect of fact-checking that are positively correlated, while the perceived responsibility of misinformation and perceived risk are negatively correlated; remedial attitude are positively correlated with remedial behavior intention; fact-checking persuasion and reference group influence are both positively related to remedial attitude and remedial behavior intention, respectively. Additionally, this study verified the remedial attitude's mediating role as well as the perceived consequence severity's moderating role in remedial behavior. We also explored whether the mediating effect of remedial attitude on remedial behavior was moderated by perceived consequence severity. This work could enrich the achievements in the field of social media users' information sharing behavior, and offer actionable insights for addressing misinformation. • Integrates SCT and SET to model misinformation remedial behavior determinants. • Explores remedial attitude mediation and perceived consequence severity moderation. • Perceived benefit and cost dimensions jointly impact remedial attitude. • Fact-checking persuasion and reference group boost remedial attitude and intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By integrating social exchange and social identity theories, this article examines the mechanism through which employee perceived service climate enhances employee brand citizenship behavior (BCB). Specifically, we propose that this relationship is mediated by perceived brand image and moderated by employees' power distance orientation. Using data from hotel employees in Vietnam, the findings show that service climate positively affects employee BCB. Furthermore, the mediating effect of perceived brand image and the negative moderating effect of employees' power distance orientation on the linkage between service climate and employee BCB are found to be significant. This article enriches the existing knowledge by incorporating both social exchange and social identity perspectives in explaining an underexplored linkage between service climate and employee BCB. We suggest that hotel providers should put an emphasis on fostering a supportive service climate and should take into account the role of employee's power distance orientation in promoting employee BCB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the dynamics of online karaoke virtual gift sending helps maximize its utility for all participants, including viewers, broadcasters, and platforms. However, extant paid gift-sending studies lack an integrated theoretical explanation of its incentives as well as practical implications that can facilitate the quantifiable implementation of service improvement. This study has successfully uncovered the motivation of paid gift-sending in an online karaoke context from a social exchange perspective using social exchange theory. By observing the activities of 11,640 online karaoke users over one year, it was discovered that their gift-sending behaviors adhere to the patterns of more-follower-more-gift-sending and receive-more-send-more. Moreover, such patterns are more pronounced for collaborative users and are accentuated over time. Theoretically, this study extends the scope of social commerce studies from B2C to C2C scenarios with more complicated interpersonal dynamics. Meanwhile, managers are advised to encourage following, stimulate collaboration, inject additional virtual gifts into the "market", and retain their customers to generate long-term profits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• Market orientation have increasingly been adopted to tackle food insecurity. • Social exchange theory – a theory for understanding social behaviours. • Market orientation strengthens market-based exchange relationships. • Market orientation disrupts traditional exchange relationships. • Alternative policy that enhance market and non-market based relationship is needed. In recent decades, small-scale farmers' market orientation approaches have increasingly been adopted to tackle the problem of food insecurity. However, little is known about how this affects other non-market exchange relationships. The present paper addresses this knowledge gap using qualitative data gathered from small-scale farmers at three selected sites in northern Ethiopia. We took a social exchange theory perspective to examine how resource exchanges have altered after-market orientations in rural communities. The results indicate that, in addition to the benefits for better-off households, integration into the market economy improves the bargaining power and autonomy of middle-income groups as well as the physically fit younger generations. The results also suggest that market orientation generates new livelihood opportunities and market-based relationships, which in turn facilitate the formalisation and transformation of local institutions. On the other hand, market orientation has adverse impacts on traditional practices of resource exchange – such as labour for labour, oxen for labour, labour for harvest/yield, or labour for food – or the exchange of other services. Our results indicate that because these in-kind resource exchange relationships have been replaced by monetary transactions, the poor have become even more vulnerable. The policy implication is that while promoting market-driven approaches to food security, complementary mechanisms must be put in place to empower those living in the most vulnerable conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is widely recognized that leaders distinctly inspire individuals of an organization to maintain a healthy culture regardless of diverse circumstances. The need of authentic leadership has been recognized to promote positive organizational behaviors in teaching institutions. Moreover, previous research has emphasized the role of organizational citizenship behaviors in facilitating employee retention by increasing their commitment towards organizations. This study explored the role of authentic leadership in promoting organizational citizenship behaviors of teachers from public sector universities of Pakistan. The population of this study comprised permanent faculty members of public sector universities of Pakistan and a sample of 450 teachers were selected. A quantitative research strategy was employed. The cross-sectional time period has been used for the data collection through the survey questionnaire during the pandemic situation. Findings revealed a strong positive association between authentic leadership and organizational citizenship behaviors of teachers. Moreover, the findings support the research findings in other cultural contexts. It revealed that public sector teachers need authentic leadership to motivate teachers to display organizational citizenship behaviors which in turn spread positivity throughout the organization. Because when authentic leaders in teaching organizations play their positive role then teachers tend to reciprocate with beneficial behaviors within the organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collaborative consumption describes exchanges among individuals mediated by an internet platform. This study examines the conditions under which individuals are likely to make a trust decisions in a complex triadic relationship involving a seller, a digital platform and a buyer. Building on relevant research, we propose that the interchangeability of buyers (e.g., where a buyer has been a seller) has an effect on their trust decisions because it leads them to engage in other-focused perspective taking. Through a quantitative study (N = 908), this research reveals the moderating effects of interchangeability. For noninterchangeable buyers (buyers who do not have experience as sellers), trust decisions are based on reputational cues (platform and seller reputation) and credibility trusting beliefs. For interchangeable buyers, trust decisions are primarily based on credibility and benevolence trusting beliefs rather than reputational cues. The findings also indicate that for both parties, there is a hierarchy of trust or a transfer effect from trust in the platform to trust in the sharing partner. Accordingly, we contribute to the literature on trust by examining hierarchical trust in terms of consumer-to-consumer platforms, identifying the significant role of interchangeability and revealing that other-focused perspective taking is a key mechanism in trust decisions. • The interchangeability of buyers has an effect on trust decisions in collaborative consumption • For noninterchangeable buyers, trust decisions are based on reputational cues and credibility trusting beliefs • For interchangeable buyers, trust decisions are primarily based on credibility and benevolence trusting beliefs rather than reputational cues • There is a hierarchy of trust or a transfer effect from trust in the platform to trust in the sharing partner [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biggest challenge in fostering social commerce is to stimulate the willingness of social media influencers (SMIs) to create unboxing reviews of products and to impact customers' attitudes and purchase intentions. This study integrated the social exchange and social capital theories to construct a model for investigating SMIs' willingness to create unboxing reviews. In addition, this study employed the social learning theory to quantify the impact of word-of-mouth on customers' attitudes and purchase intentions. The results may aid in the identification of the motivations underlying SMIs' willingness to create unboxing reviews and the factors that influence customers' attitudes and purchase intentions. The implications of theory, practice, and future research are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the challenges of graduate underemployment and the dynamics of underemployment, as to know the emotional and the social effects of underemployment in Nigeria among graduates. Building on Peter Blua’s Social exchange theory, this study analysed data from 389 respondents randomly drawn from underemployed graduates from different academic levels and qualifications in Nigeria. The results show that underemployment affects graduates of varied social status but particularly those that are between the ages of 21 and 28, the married and those that studied courses in Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts. Remarkably, type of academic qualification, gender and level of education has non-significant impacts in determining the choice of jobs while underemployed graduates are unevenly distributed across different jobs. The level of remunerations either encourages the underemployed to stay in the job or quit their current jobs. Surprisingly and unnaturally, the result shows that the majority of the Bachelor’s Degree holders never had the willingness to leave their underemployed jobs. The study therefore recommends that government and private sector players should improve the remunerations of their employees especially graduates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significant financial investments in organizing sport mega-events (SME) and training SME volunteers are frequently justified on the basis that local organizations can benefit from a larger pool of experienced volunteers following the event. By employing social exchange theory as a theoretical framework, this study explores the connection between the SME volunteer experience and subsequent volunteer behavior as a potential return on investment. In-depth interviews have been conducted with 15 Chinese volunteers who participated in the 2008 Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Games. Qualitative data offers a rich, contextualized view to understand the long-lasting impact of previous SME volunteer experiences, including not only the perceptions in terms of benefits and costs but also its influence on subsequent volunteering elsewhere in the postevent period. We identified that volunteers continue to garner benefits from their SME experience, even 8 years after the event, and mainly in the forms of social, career-related, training, Olympic-related, psychological, and extrinsic benefits. The costs perceived from the SME appear to fade away because the direct costs were covered, and the opportunity costs were low for student volunteers. The theoretical explanations of (future) volunteer behavior provided mixed evidence in the scope of three social exchange theory propositions (i.e., rationality, deprivation–satiation, and approval–aggression proposition). Findings provide valuable insights to inform organizers of SME and other activities to pay more attention to the volunteer experience and to optimize volunteer benefits and costs. Additional improvements in volunteer recruitment are important for Beijing, in preparation of hosting the 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of conducting the study was to measure the perception of leadership recognition and rewards related to exhibiting organizational citizenship behaviours among employees who work in the healthcare industry in Washington State. Design/methodology/approach: Qualifying participants completed a study through random, voluntary completion of written and secure, web-based surveys. The results of the quantitative descriptive analysis of 115 completed surveys answered the question of what effect does leadership recognition of organizational citizenship behaviours in performance evaluations have on employees' productivity, teamwork, job performance, and satisfaction. Results/findings: The findings supported the alternative hypotheses, indicating most respondents exhibited citizenship-type behaviours, and leaders did not adequately recognize or reward these behaviours, including during formal performance evaluations. The study of organizational citizenship behaviours in all industries continues to emerge. Practical/social implications: In the business setting, the practical and social implications are that leaders can establish positive relationships and retain employees critical to organizational success by recognizing and rewarding organizational citizenship behaviours, thus, also increasing employee satisfaction, performance, teamwork, and productivity. Originality: This paper addresses a need for organizational leaders to recognize the altruistic contributions of employees who exhibit organizational citizenship behaviours, and offer a pat on the back, or appropriate reward and recognition for a job well done during formal performance evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational, supervisor, and coworker support, as perceived by registered nurses and their boundary-spanning behaviors. Furthermore, this article examines the mediating role of the affective organizational commitment of nurses in these relationships. Background: Registered nurses play a key role in hospitals, as they have an important impact on the quality of the services delivered. For nurses to perform at their best, they need organizational, leader, and coworker support. To date, few studies have explored the link between nurses' perceived support, affective organizational commitment, and boundary-spanning behaviors. Methods: This cross-sectional research used a questionnaire survey to explore the hypothesized relationships in a sample of 273 nurses from a hospital in Belgium. Structural equationmodeling was used for statistical analysis of the mediation model. Results: One hundred forty-seven (53.5%) nurses responded to the survey. Perceived support from the organization, supervisors, and coworkers positively influences nurses' boundary-spanning behaviors. Affective organizational commitment was found to mediate the positive relationship between perceived organization support, perceived coworker support, and boundary-spanning behaviors. Perceived supervisor support and boundary-spanning behaviors showed a direct relationship not mediated by affective organizational commitment. Conclusions: Perceived support has an important influence on the boundary-spanning behavior of nurses. This study emphasizes the importance on how support exerts an influence on boundary-spanning behavior and underscores the importance of affective organizational commitment. Health care organizations, supervisors, and coworkers are essential in fostering boundary-spanning behaviors of nurses, both directly and through the development of affective organizational commitment. These actors should therefore be aware of the way they behave and the implications their behavior may have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Berg/Wiebe Resource Exchange Scale was developed based on Resource Exchange Theory as presented by Foa and Foa (1974) and represents an attempt to measure the exchange of numerous resources at the workplace and the level of satisfaction with these exchanges (Berg & Wiebe, 1989; 1993). As such, the research contained in this paper focuses on the evaluation of the reliability and validity of the Berg/Wiebe Resource Exchange Scale. Results indicated the Berg/Wiebe Resource Exchange Scale is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the exchange of resources in the workplace and the level of satisfaction with these exchanges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by the need to enhance customer relationship management in the sharing economy, this paper identifies and explains heterogeneity in the service activities of different peer providers. Drawing on social exchange theory and using data gathered from 3027 properties on a Chinese online home-sharing platform, we compare different peer providers' use of economic and social exchange activities and explore the differential impacts of these exchange activities on customers' response behaviors. The results demonstrate that professional hosts place more emphasis on economic exchange activities (i.e., pricing and service response), while amateur hosts focus on social exchange activities (i.e., social interaction and customer-perceived social belonging) more strongly. Both economic exchange and social exchange activities have significant effects on customers' purchasing behaviors, but only social exchange activities have significant effects on customers' cleaning behaviors. Furthermore, collaborative rule depth has significant moderating effects on relationships between these exchange activities and customers' response behaviors. This paper contributes theoretically to discussions of peer-provider heterogeneity, service exchange activities, and governance in the sharing economy. We discuss the implications of our findings for sharing economy platforms and peer providers—for example, specifying when rule customization might be used most effectively. • We show differences in professional and amateur peer providers' service strategies. • Professionals (amateurs) prioritize economic (social) service exchange activities. • Economic and social exchange activities increase consumers' purchasing behaviors. • Only social exchange activities increase customers' cleaning behaviors. • Collaborative rules depth moderates the effects of service exchange activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Physical Education / Tiyu Xuekan is the property of Journal of Physical Education Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• We interviewed 60 landowners to investigate eight cases of cooperation. • Private landowners made and implemented integrated management decisions. • Shared concern, pre-existing networks, trust, and institutions were factors in cooperation. • Our findings were consistent with collective action and social exchange theory. • Network governance may be a suitable model for reducing social risks of cooperation. The landscape is an ideal spatial extent for managing forests because many ecological processes and disturbances occur on such scales. Moreover, landscape-level decision-making processes can improve the efficiency of forest management, as when many owners of small parcels increase the economy of scale of their operations by jointly hiring labor or selling products. Despite the potential benefits of managing at the landscape level, cooperation on management activities across property boundaries is rare among private landowners and poorly understood. We used a comparative case study approach to explain cooperative management among eight sets of individual private forest landowners in the Pacific Northwest and Upper Midwest, USA. We characterized how private forest owners cooperated on management and the outcomes they associated with cooperating, and we identified factors that influenced cooperation. We investigated whether cooperative management among private landowners may be constrained by social risks and whether formal institutions may be needed to facilitate cooperation. In the cases we investigated, owners jointly planned and implemented integrated management decisions on their collective forest properties. They perceived a number of beneficial social and ecological outcomes of cooperation. The key factors that fostered the emergence and continuity of cooperative management included shared concern, especially about risks to their properties and the health of their forests; pre-existing networks; trust; external expertise and resources; local leadership; and formal institutions. These factors are consistent with collective action and social exchange theory. Our findings shed light on social conditions that foster cooperative landscape management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Northeastern University (Social Science) / Dongbei Daxue Xuebao (Shehui Kexue Ban) is the property of Dongbei Daxue and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Drawing on the literature based on the job demand-resources model and social exchange theory, the current study aimed to investigate the indirect relationship between perceived career support at Time 1 and work engagement at Time 2 via Time 1 career self-efficacy. Further, we proposed that perceived career support moderated the relationship between career self-efficacy and work engagement. The data were collected in two waves from 303 adult employees who worked in manufacturing firms in Pakistan. The hypothesized model was tested using structural regression. The results suggest that career self-efficacy partially mediates the positive relationship between perceived career support and work engagement. Moreover, perceived career support moderated the relationship between career self-efficacy and work engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the negative relationship between career adaptability and turnover intention has been established in previous research, understanding of the mechanisms and boundary conditions is still incomplete. In this study we attempt to address this gap by developing a dual-path moderated mediation model based on career construction theory, social exchange theory and trait activation theory. Specifically, we propose two mediators - career satisfaction and perceived organizational support (POS) - to explain the negative effect of career adaptability on turnover intention. Moreover, following the trait activation perspective, we propose that organizational brands, including symbolic and instrumental brands, could separately moderate these two mediation paths. We collected multi-source data among a sample of 1013 employees and 200 HRs from 200 organizations in China to test these ideas. The results show that both career satisfaction and POS mediate the negative effect of career adaptability on turnover intention. Moreover, the mediation path through career satisfaction to turnover intention is stronger in companies with more favorable symbolic brands, and the mediation path through POS to turnover intention is stronger in companies with more favorable instrumental brands. The findings have important implications for both career construction research and organizational career management practices. • Career adaptability is negatively associated to turnover intention. • In addition to career satisfaction, perceived organizational support also mediates the relationships. • Organizational symbolic brands enhance the indirect effect via career satisfaction. • Organizational instrumental brands enhance the indirect effect via perceived organizational support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism impacts on destinations have been widely researched; however, few studies have investigated the sociocultural impacts of tourism on local communities in Jordan. The aim of this paper is to explore the negative impacts of tourism development on the local culture of Bedouins of Petra in Jordan. The paper employed qualitative semi-structured in-depth interviews with (18) Bedouin employees in the tourism services in the region of Petra. The authors adopted the Social Exchange Theory (SET) to explain the behaviour and attitudes of Bedouins towards tourism development in Petra. The study showed that the Bedouins of Petra had witnessed significant negative impacts in terms of negative sociocultural changes; school dropouts and child labour; and alteration of sociocultural values. To interrogate some of the fundamental consequences of tourism development for the Bedouins, the researchers emphasise that strategic plans are needed to facilitate the sustainable development of tourism for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This research examines the influence of psychological contract fulfillment (PCFul) on the relationship between human resources management practices (HRMP) and job outcomes. A pre-tested self-administrated questionnaire with employees from 36 hotels in the Red Sea region resort, Egypt was employed for data collection. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) results demonstrate that high performance HRMP through the mediation effect of PCFul have significant relationships to job outcomes. The results revealed that the HR managers should identify and put more emphasis on the important role of PCFul in the mediating mechanisms between high performance HRMP and performance outcomes to enhance hotel employees' job satisfaction and make them more inclined to exhibit organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Hotel managers need to develop clear practical frameworks for which to analyze, assess and potentially guide HRMP and PCFul and the impact of PCFul on job performance. Highlights • Psychological contract fulfilment unlock the black box of human resources management practices-job performance link. • Psychological contract fulfilment mediate the relationship between human resources management practices and job outcomes. • HR managers should endeavor to adopt high performance HRMP that enhance the abilities and motivation of their workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this study was to determine whether successful basketball teams were perceived to communicate differently than unsuccessful basketball teams. A review of previous literature revealed that effective communication in team sports was a multidimensional construct, while the underpinnings of social exchange theory provided a theoretical frame for understanding intragroup relations. Study participants completed a pretest focused on athlete communication, participated in a distraction task, and then completed a posttest focused on athlete communication. The uncovered findings reveal that a successful basketball team is perceived to have effective communicators, whereas an unsuccessful basketball team is perceived to have ineffective communicators. The discussion portion of this analysis concentrated on acceptance messages among teammates as well as theoretical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article was firstly to conceptualise Organisational Ethics (OE) in terms of its multi-dimensionality, adopting the General Systems Theory (GST), Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) and the micro-mesomacro framework as foundation. The dimensionality of OE was assessed through the validation of an OE measurement model which was based on the Organisational Ethics Indicator (OEI) a section of the African Business Ethics Survey. The multi-dimensionality of OE was statistically explored and confirmed through a multi-factorial model, that yielded a reliable and valid five-factor solution. The five components were interpreted in accordance of their respective hierarchical level within the micro-meso-macro framework. The macro components were labelled ethical organisational climate and ethical inclination of the organisation', the meso components were labelled ethical leadership and decision-making as well as politics, policies and procedures, while the micro component was ethical work values and attitudes of employees. The interrelatedness and mutual dependencies of these components of OE were determined and explained through the social learning and social exchange theories. The contribution of this study lies in a validated conceptualisation and measurement model of OE, to be used by business leaders and ethics practitioners to enhance ethical conduct in organisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental concern has become an emerging topic in organization's human resource management strategy, especially in improving employee's environmental behavior at work. Thus, the organizational citizenship behavior toward the environment (OCBE) has been currently attracting scholars in management. However, published studies contain research gaps in investigation of the relationships between both green training and organizational culture and OCBE, especially in the hotel industry. Following the social exchange and Ability-Motivation-Opportunity theories, this study aims to examine the effects of two green practices on OCBE and the moderating role of green organizational culture to the effect of green training on OCBE. A quantitative approach with survey strategy is employed and conducted in 4-5 star hotels to test these relationships. The PLS-SEM and K-means Cluster Analysis techniques are applied to analyze data. The findings reveal that green training and organizational culture positively influence OCBE. Also, the effect of green training on OCBE is moderated by green organizational culture. Finally, our study provides limitations of research and further studies, and the implications for management practices concerned with improving employee's voluntary eco-behavior in the hotel industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the role of trust in building rural tourism micro firm network engagement in three case environments in Ireland, Canada and the USA. Researchers have rarely addressed the role of trust in tourism business relationships beyond acknowledging that it is a critical factor in network relationships/exchanges. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by exploring the content of member interactions and relationships that lead to trust in rural micro firm tourism networks using a relationship lens underpinned by social exchange theory. Applying a longitudinal interpretivist lens in each case, findings suggest that bonding, bridging and linking interactions have profound implications for rural tourism micro firms who may not have access to a larger social system of stakeholder relationships due to their relatively isolated location. The resultant framework offers insight into the generation of trust as an evolving asset in a rural tourism micro firm network setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crowdsourced logistics is developing rapidly during and post COVID-19. As key workers of crowdsourced logistics, gig workers' commitment is essential for the sustainable development of gig platforms. Drawing from the social exchange paradigm and organisational identification, this study explores how the five principles of Fairwork provided by crowdsourced logistics platforms (i.e., fair representation, fair management, fair conditions, fair contracts, fair pay) contribute to gig workers' organisational identification, which subsequently influences career satisfaction and career commitment. The study gathered 177 responses from gig workers in Singapore in July 2022. The structural equation modelling findings suggest that factors such as fair conditions, fair pay, fair representation, fair management, and fair contracts have substantial impacts on organisational identification. Moreover, the link between organisational identification and career commitment is partially mediated by career satisfaction. Overall, this study enriches the literature by proposing a suitable theoretical model to explain gig workers' commitment to crowdsourced logistics platforms. Moreover, the empirical results provide implications on the understanding of gig workers' concerns for gig platforms, as well as policy suggestions for the maintenance of gig workers in the future. • Explore determinants of gig workers' sense of belonging to platforms • Utilise five principles of Fairwork as a theoretical foundation • Explore the degree gig workers develop commitment in exchange of Fairwork • Results show that fair working conditions is gig workers' major concern • Findings draw policy implications for retaining gig workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how residents’ support of marijuana tourism is shaped in the state of Colorado. Known as the new green rush,’ the legalization of recreational marijuana presents a significant research opportunity for the hospitality and tourism industry. This study employs social exchange theory to explain how perceived impacts affect an individual's level of support for marijuana tourism development. Findings reveal that social exchange theory fits the data well by confirming that the more residents perceive impacts positively, the more they are likely to support tourism. Furthermore, the moderating effect of place attachment exerts itself differently among the structural relationships across levels of place attachment. For high-level attachment residents, personal benefit contributes significantly to building up support toward marijuana tourism, whereas perceived negative impact and personal benefit are the only significant antecedents to support for low-level attachment residents. As a seminal work investigating residents’ perceptions in the context of marijuana tourism, this study contributes to the body of knowledge of tourism literature in this burgeoning area and serves as a guiding reference for future studies concerning marijuana tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancing employee performance and improving staff retention are key objectives within the visitor economy, especially among the subset of tourism and hospitality businesses where there is a strong emphasis on ‘people first’ practices. A significant threat to achieving these sector goals is the presence of psychosocial risk factors associated with abuse and ill-treatment at work. This study examines the role of workplace bullying in the relationship between two organisational approaches to support workforce performance, high performance work systems and perceived organisational support, and employee engagement and retention. Our findings indicate that bullying weakens or even reverses the impact of these organisational initiatives, with HPWS found to increase perceived exposure to bullying. The paper discusses the implications for the visitor economy, particularly, the need to enhance the perception of concern for employee wellbeing and create healthy work environments in the sector if organisational efforts to enhance engagement and retention are to be effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores resident attitudes toward tourism development in the Maldives. Findings from 50 semi-structured interviews and 200 household surveys collected in two island communities provide insights into the reconciliation of deeply held Islamic social representations with proximate hedonistic tourism. In the less tourism-affiliated island, religious affinity and social exchange were central as to how residents viewed tourism as an ‘evil’ from which their community should be insulated. In the more tourism-affiliated case, social exchange and social representations influenced how tourism is rationalised as a ‘managed evil’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grounded in social exchange theory, we investigated why and when ethical leadership may relate to hospitality employees’ customer-oriented citizenship behavior (CCB) by exploring the mediating and moderating roles of felt obligation and psychological detachment from an organization respectively. Using a two-wave sample of 152 employees and their 152 coworkers from 10 hotels in Africa, we found that ethical leadership positively relates to CCB via increased felt obligation. In addition, our results revealed that psychological detachment moderated the ethical leadership and CCB relationship, such that this relationship was stronger when psychological detachment was low (versus high), as mediated by felt obligation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study explored the characteristics of skilled workers’ migration intention in the Jing–Jin–Ji region of China from a new perspective of smog risk perception in response to the question “does smog lead to brain drain”. Quantitative research and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to contribute to the literature on risk perception by developing dimensions of smog risk perception, namely, physical health risk perception, mental health risk perception, living cost perception and government control perception. The applied boundary of social exchange theory was extended to the macro-social level from the original micro-organizational level. Based on this, the paper theoretically analyzed the hypothesis that there is a social exchange relationship between skilled workers and their city of residence. We theorized that this relationship could be upset by local smog pollution, ultimately resulting in the departure of skilled workers. The relationship between smog risk perception and migration intention was examined through correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that physical health risk perception, mental health risk perception and government control perception have significant explanatory power for skilled workers’ migration intention, which corroborates that the degree to which skilled workers perceive smog risk surely affects their migration intention. However, living cost perception is not currently a significant driver of migration intention. This study suggested that an important role is played by policy makers and organizations in the smog risk perception of skilled workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By considering the important role in improving the effectiveness of organizational function, researchers and business practitioners place a considerable concern to organizational citizenship behavior. This research attempts to figure out the antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior based on the social exchange theory perspective. Three variables proposed for this research, including psychological contract, organizational support, and value congruence, were tested to observe the influence to organizational citizenship behavior. This research used double linear regression on 191 employees of state-owned banks in Indonesia as the sample. The results show that the psychological contract, organizational support, and value congruence have a positive influence on organizational citizenship behavior of the employees by ensuring that the psychological contract of the employees is fulfilled, and the employees have congruence value to their organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stakeholders in tourism are broadly classified as players of supply-side and demand-side. The comparative and competitive advantage that a destination possesses over similar other destinations heighten the engagement and commitment of supply-side stakeholders for further investment in the tourism sector and thereby business enlargement at the destination. Thus, framing proper stakeholder management policies and strategies are important for any tourist destination to enhance and sustain its competitiveness in both domestic and international markets. This article presents an analytical framework to explore whether tourism destination competitiveness with a mediating effect of destination-supplier fit lead to supply-side stakeholders’ engagement at the destination which could facilitate a clearer understanding of the nature of tourism stakeholders’ reactions to tourism, so that the results could help tourism planners and policy-makers to develop more appropriate destination products as well as to enhance competitiveness in tourism markets in turn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impacts of residents’ trust along with other factors such as community concerns, eco-centric values, and community attachment on local residents’ perceived impacts of and their support for the 2014 FIFA World Cup, Brazil. A theoretical model developed on the premise of social exchange theory is tested utilizing data collected from the residents of Natal, Brazil, that hosted three games of the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Findings indicate that expected benefits is the most critical determinant of locals’ support/opposition for hosting a mega-event in their community. Trust is found to have the strongest influence on locals’ perceptions of the positive and negative impacts of the game. While the community attachment is found to have significant impact on costs perceptions, community concern significantly influences locals’ benefit perceptions. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]