33 results on '"Song, Linlin"'
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2. Large Seasonal Variation in Nitrogen Isotopic Abundances of Ammonia Volatilized from a Cropland Ecosystem and Implications for Regional NH3Source Partitioning
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Song, Linlin, Wang, Ang, Li, Zhengjie, Kang, Ronghua, Walters, Wendell W., Pan, Yuepeng, Quan, Zhi, Huang, Shaonan, and Fang, Yunting
- Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) volatilization from agricultural lands is a main source of atmospheric reduced nitrogen species (NHx). Accurately quantifying its contribution to regional atmospheric NHxdeposition is critical for controlling regional air nitrogen pollution. The stable nitrogen isotope composition (expressed by δ15N) is a promising indicator to trace atmospheric NHxsources, presupposing a reliable nitrogen isotopic signature of NH3emission sources. To obtain more specific seasonal δ15N values of soil NH3volatilization for reliable regional seasonal NH3source partitioning, we utilized an active dynamic sampling technique to measure the δ15N-NH3values volatilized from maize cropping land in northeast China. These values varied from −38.0 to −0.2‰, with a significantly lower rate-weighted value observed in the early period (May–June, −30.5 ± 6.7‰) as compared with the late period (July–October, −8.5 ± 4.3‰). Seasonal δ15N-NH3variations were related to the main NH3production pathway, degree of soil ammonium consumption, and soil environment. Bayesian isotope mixing model analysis revealed that without considering the seasonal δ15N variation in soil-volatilized NH3could result in an overestimate by up to absolute 38% for agricultural volatile NH3to regional atmospheric bulk ammonium deposition during July–October, further demonstrating that it is essential to distinguish seasonal δ15N profile of agricultural volatile NH3in regional source apportionment.
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- 2024
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3. A Low-Cost Ultrathin Metal-Only Transmitarray Antenna at X-Band
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Song, Linlin, Wang, Yuqing, and Guo, Lu
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This letter presents a low-cost ultrathin metal-only transmitarray (MOTA) antenna based on polarization rotation elements at X-Band. The unit-cell comprises only dual metal layers etched with a pair of perpendicularly orientated fan-shaped slits and separated by an air gap of 2 mm, featuring an ultrathin configuration of 0.067λ at 10 GHz. It twists the polarization of transmission wave orthogonally with regard to the incidence. By tuning the length of fan-shaped slits along with mirroring the bottom layer of the unit-cell, a 360° phase span and a high transmission magnitude are realized. To validate the design concept, an ultrathin MOTA accommodating 361 elements is fabricated and measured. In terms of testing results, 7% 1 dB gain bandwidth and 42% peak aperture efficiency are realized. Moreover, the sidelobe level and cross-polarization level are 22 and 25 dB at 10 GHz, respectively. In comparison with existing MOTAs, the proposed design features a remarkably lower profile with reduced fabrication complexity and cost while preserving a desirable overall performance. Furthermore, the proposed ultrathin unit-cell can also be adopted in a metal-only folded transmitarray for an even thinner and compact structure.
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- 2024
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4. CCR2-overexpressing biomimetic carrier-free nanoplatform for enhanced cascade ferroptosis tumor therapy.
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Zhang, Xinyu, Xu, Xueli, Liu, Huimin, Ni, Nengyi, Liu, Shuangqing, Gong, Yufang, Ma, Guiqi, Song, Linlin, Meng, Qingwei, Fan, Qing, and Sun, Xiao
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HEMIN ,OXYGEN in the blood ,CANCER cells ,CLINICAL medicine ,TUMOR microenvironment - Abstract
Ferroptosis-based nanoplatforms have shown great potential in cancer therapy. However, they also face issues such as degradation and metabolism. Carrier-free nanoplatforms consisting of active drugs can effectively avoid the security issues associated with additional carrier ingredients. Herein, a biomimetic carrier-free nanoplatform (HESN@CM) was designed to treat cancer by modulating cascade metabolic pathways of ferroptosis. CCR2-overexpressing macrophage membrane-modified HESN can target cancer cells via the CCR2-CCL2 axis. The acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) can disrupt the supramolecular interaction of HESN, releasing hemin and erastin. Then, erastin could induce cancer cells ferroptosis by inhibiting system X C
− pathways, while hemin, a vital component of blood to transport oxygen, could be broken down by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), increasing the intracellular Fe2+ concentration to induce cancer cells' ferroptosis further. Meanwhile, erastin could enhance the activity of HO-1, further promoting the release of Fe2+ from hemin. As a result, HESN@CM demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy in both primary and metastatic tumors in vitro and in vivo. The carrier-free HESN@CM provided cascade ferroptosis tumor therapy strategies for potential clinical application. CCR2-overexpressing biomimetic carrier-free nanoplatform (HESN@CM) was designed for cancer treatment by modulating metabolic pathways of ferroptosis. HESN modified with CCR2-overexpressing macrophage membrane can target tumor cells via the CCR2-CCL2 axis. HESN was composed of hemin and erastin without additional vectors. Erastin could directly induce ferroptosis, while hemin could be broken down by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), increasing the intracellular Fe2+ concentration to enhance ferroptosis further. Meanwhile, erastin could improve the activity of HO-1, promoting the release of Fe2+ from hemin. Therefore, HESN@CM with good bioavailability, stability, and simple preparation can realize cascade ferroptosis tumor therapy and have the potential prospect of clinical translation. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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5. Evaluation and Follow-up of Myopia Prevalence Among School-Aged Children Subsequent to the COVID-19 Home Confinement in Feicheng, China
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Wang, Jiaxing, Han, Yujie, Musch, David C., Li, Ying, Wei, Nan, Qi, Xiaoli, Ding, Gang, Li, Xue, Li, Jing, Song, Linlin, Zhang, Ying, Ning, Yuxian, Zeng, Xiaoyu, Li, Yaoling, Sun, Ling, Hua, Ning, Li, Shuo, Jardines, Sandra, and Qian, Xuehan
- Abstract
IMPORTANCE: Progression of myopia in a school-aged population due to home confinement (January to May 2021) during the COVID-19 pandemic has been previously reported. A key remaining question was whether the myopia spike in children aged 6 to 8 years persisted. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in refractive status and prevalence of myopia in school-aged children 1 year after home confinement ended in China. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study with a cohort substudy prospectively evaluated data from school-based photoscreening in Feicheng, China. Children aged 6 to 13 years participated in 8 screenings from 2015 to 2021. EXPOSURES: Noncycloplegic photorefraction was conducted using the Spot Vision photoscreener. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcomes were the differences in spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and prevalence of myopia between 2020 (during home confinement) and 2021 (after home confinement). The SER was recorded for each child, and the prevalence of myopia was calculated annually for each age group. RESULTS: A total of 325 443 children participated in the study (51.4% boys, 48.6% girls; age range, 6 to 13 years). Compared with 2020, the mean SER of children in 2021 increased significantly for those aged 6 (0.42 diopters [D]), 7 (0.41 D), and 8 (0.33 D) years. The prevalence of myopia in 2021 was similar to in 2019 for each age group (aged 6 years: 7.9% vs 5.7%; aged 7 years: 13.9% vs 13.6%; aged 8 years: 29.5% vs 26.2%). Both the prevalence of myopia and mean SER for these children returned to their prepandemic levels. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Compared with 2020, the prevalence of myopia among children aged 6 to 8 years in the 2021 screenings decreased, and the mean SER returned to prepandemic level. The refractive development in children aged 6 to 8 years may be most susceptible to environmental changes. These findings support the premise that age 6 to 8 years is a critical period for myopia development and suggest a need to focus preventive interventions for myopia control on children in this age range.
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- 2023
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6. Epidural hydroxyethyl starch ameliorating postdural puncture headache after accidental dural puncture
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Zhou, Yin, Geng, Zhiyu, Song, Linlin, Wang, Dongxin, and Yin, Yanjie
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- 2023
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7. Lymph node metastasis between the sternocleidomastoid and sternohyoid muscle in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients: A prospective study at multiple centers.
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Song, Linlin, Zhou, Junyi, Chen, Wenjie, Li, Genpeng, Wang, Zhaohui, Xue, Gang, Wu, Jian, Yan, Hongli, Lei, Jianyong, and Zhu, Jingqiang
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The lymph nodes between the sternocleidomastoid and sternohyoid muscle (LNSS) are not explicitly mentioned in the 2015 American Thyroid Association and 2008 American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) guidelines, but they are easily overlooked in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). We prospectively evaluated the clinical significance of the LNSS in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients. In five medical centers, two hundred and thirty-four PTC patients with lateral neck metastasis who underwent 264 neck dissection were enrolled in this study. LNSS was resected and used as a specimen to investigate the relationship of LNSS with several clinicopathological parameters. Of the 264 lateral neck dissections, the average lymph node metastasis rate of LNSS was 23.48%, significantly second only to that in level III (p<0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that a patient age over 45 years (OR 2.155, 95% CI 1.191 to 3.898, p = 0.011), with a tumor located in the inferior lobe of the thyroid (OR 1.517, 95% CI 1.113 to 2.068, p = 0.008), and LN metastasis at levels IIb (OR 2.298, 95% CI 1.121 to 4.712, p = 0.020) and level III (OR 2.408, 95% CI 1.222 to 4.745, p = 0.011) were independent risk factors for LNSS lymphatic metastasis. The LNSS has a high metastatic rate and is easily overlooked. Additional attention should be paid to LNSS, especially in patients over 45 years old and with PTC located in the thyroid's inferior lobe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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8. Shaking table test study on the seismic control of concrete-filled steel tube arch bridges based on dampers
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Li, Yong, Song, Cheng, Song, Linlin, Zhao, Xiaosha, Guan, Zhongzheng, and Wang, Yichao
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Concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) arch bridges have a high center of gravity and a substantial mass, resulting in a discernible seismic response. Consequently, long-span CFST arch bridges must retain exceptional seismic performance and appropriate seismic control design. In this study, the dynamic response and seismic performance of a unique swallow-type CFST arch bridge when subjected to longitudinal earthquake forces were analyzed using numerical simulation methods. The displacement and axial force response results and their laws of the key bridge components were obtained. Taking into account seismic checking calculations, two damping measures were proposed for the CFST arch bridge, as the relative displacement of the girder end exceeded the allowable value specified. The appropriate design parameters for viscous dampers and lead shear dampers were examined. Additionally, the seismic performance of these dampers was verified through a shaking table test using a 1:16 scale model. The findings indicated that when subjected to Wenchuan Wolong wave action, the relative displacement between the steel box girder and the concrete girder of the bridge was significantly larger, leading to girder end pounding. The limit values were surpassed by 32.5% and 50%, when subjected to the uniform and traveling wave excitations, respectively, thus indicating that the expansion joint was the most vulnerable component. Following the selection of optimal parameters for the dampers, the dampers exhibited the capability to mitigate seismic and pounding impacts. Long-span CFST arch bridges with dampers were found to effectively reduce the seismic response of the skewback strain and vault, as well as the relative displacement of the girder ends. Furthermore, the average maximum damping rates achieved by the viscous damper and the lead shear damper reached 44.9% and 44.6%, respectively.
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- 2024
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9. DeepCRBP: improved predicting function of circRNA-RBP binding sites with deep feature learning
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Xu, Zishan, Song, Linlin, Liu, Shichao, and Zhang, Wen
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- 2024
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10. Human exposure to phthalate esters viaingestion of municipal drinking water from automatic water purifiers: levels, sources, and risksElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Experimental method of purification materials, Tables S1–S9, and Fig. S1–S4 are shown in the supplementary data. Supplementary data associated with this article can be found in the online version. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ew00535b
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Yang, Ya, Song, Linlin, Zhu, Zhiliang, Qiu, Yanling, Zhao, Jianfu, Huang, Qinghui, and Bergman, Ake
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The presence of organic pollutants in drinking water is an environmental problem threatening public health. Water purifiers are commonly recognized as effective purification equipment for drinking water and are thus prevalent in the market, so there is a need to assess their true effects on drinking water. In this study, we have analyzed the distribution, potential sources, and health risks of phthalate esters (PAEs) in tap as well as purified water. 7 out of 22 target PAEs have been detected in a total of 75 drinking water samples, including tap water (TW), water vending machines (WVMs), and water boiling machines (WBMs). The total concentrations of 22 PAEs are N.D. to 447 ng L−1in TW samples, 25.7 to 1.10 × 103ng L−1in WBM water, and N.D. to 841 ng L−1in WVM water. The concentrations of PAEs in most WVM and WBM samples were comparable or slightly higher than those in TW samples. Meanwhile, the ΣPAE concentrations in the nearshore of the Yangtze Estuary area (northern and southern areas) were slightly higher than those from offshore areas (Pudong: PD, Fengxian and Minhang: FM), which may be attributed to the source water. Combining the results of principal component analysis and correlation analysis, certain PAEs, e.g., diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dibuthyl phthalate (DBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), were more polluting than diethyl phthalate (DEP) and di-methyl phthalate (DMP) in WVM water than those in TW samples. This work suggests that the application of water purifiers may not remove certain PAEs efficiently from drinking water. In addition, the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of ΣPAE viadrinking water from automatic water purifiers were 2–3 times those from tap water under a high-exposure scenario, but all EDIs are well below current health regulatory guidelines for PAEs. This survey indicates that water purifiers made nearly no decrease to the PAE concentrations and possibly have negative effects on the quality of drinking water.
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- 2022
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11. Progression of Myopia in School-Aged Children After COVID-19 Home Confinement
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Wang, Jiaxing, Li, Ying, Musch, David C., Wei, Nan, Qi, Xiaoli, Ding, Gang, Li, Xue, Li, Jing, Song, Linlin, Zhang, Ying, Ning, Yuxian, Zeng, Xiaoyu, Hua, Ning, Li, Shuo, and Qian, Xuehan
- Abstract
IMPORTANCE: Time spent in outdoor activities has decreased owing to home confinement for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Concerns have been raised about whether home confinement may have worsened the burden of myopia owing to substantially decreased time spent outdoors and increased screen time at home. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the refractive changes and prevalence of myopia in school-aged children during the COVID-19 home confinement. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A prospective cross-sectional study using school-based photoscreenings in 123 535 children aged 6 to 13 years from 10 elementary schools in Feicheng, China, was conducted. The study was performed during 6 consecutive years (2015-2020). Data were analyzed in July 2020. EXPOSURES: Noncycloplegic photorefraction was examined using a photoscreener device. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The spherical equivalent refraction was recorded for each child and the prevalence of myopia for each age group during each year was calculated. The mean spherical equivalent refraction and prevalence of myopia were compared between 2020 (after home confinement) and the previous 5 years for each age group. RESULTS: Of the 123 535 children included in the study, 64 335 (52.1%) were boys. A total of 194 904 test results (389 808 eyes) were included in the analysis. A substantial myopic shift (approximately −0.3 diopters [D]) was found in the 2020 school-based photoscreenings compared with previous years (2015-2019) for younger children aged 6 (−0.32 D), 7 (−0.28 D), and 8 (−0.29 D) years. The prevalence of myopia in the 2020 photoscreenings was higher than the highest prevalence of myopia within 2015-2019 for children aged 6 (21.5% vs 5.7%), 7 (26.2% vs 16.2%), and 8 (37.2% vs 27.7%) years. The differences in spherical equivalent refraction and the prevalence of myopia between 2020 and previous years were minimal in children aged 9 to 13 years. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to be associated with a significant myopic shift for children aged 6 to 8 years according to 2020 school-based photoscreenings. However, numerous limitations warrant caution in the interpretation of these associations, including use of noncycloplegic refractions and lack of orthokeratology history or ocular biometry data. Younger children’s refractive status may be more sensitive to environmental changes than older ages, given the younger children are in a critical period for the development of myopia.
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- 2021
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12. Exposing vertebral artery from lateral to medial under the guide of peri-vertebral artery fat pad in far lateral approach
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Li, Jiuhong, Song, Linlin, Lan, Zhigang, Liu, Wenke, Zhang, Yuekang, Hui, Xuhui, Xu, Jianguo, Liu, Xuesong, and Wang, Ningning
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- 2022
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13. Revisiting the Concentration Observations and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Ammonia
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Pan, Yuepeng, Gu, Mengna, He, Yuexin, Wu, Dianming, Liu, Chunyan, Song, Linlin, Tian, Shili, Lü, Xuemei, Sun, Yang, Song, Tao, Walters, Wendell W., Liu, Xuejun, Martin, Nicholas A., Zhang, Qianqian, Fang, Yunting, Ferracci, Valerio, and Wang, Yuesi
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- 2020
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14. Research on the Utilization and Evaluation of Library Resource Discovery Systems in China
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Song, Linlin, Li, Haitao, and Li, Shihui
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According to the investigation of library resources discovery system construction in 20 universities in China, the aggregation discovery service provided by the multi-source aggregation function, the discovery function is based on aggregation and the comprehensive revealing function. This article evaluates user usage and acceptance based on refinements of the functions mentioned above. The investigation shows that compared with the diversity of function, users are more concerned about the practicability, the intuition and the academy. Thus, systems should choose the best sources and pay attention to the metadata normalization, and enhance the correlation to standard datasets.
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- 2020
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15. Two-dimensional triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator for wave energy harvesting.
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Hao, Congcong, He, Jian, Zhai, Cong, Jia, Wei, Song, Linlin, Cho, Jundong, Chou, Xiujian, and Xue, Chenyang
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Abstract The earth has abundant water resources, and efficient harvesting of energy from waves is always a research hotspot. In this paper, we fabricate a box-like triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator for harvesting water wave energy, which is composed of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and the electromagnetic generator (EMG). In the case of TENG, the contact and separation between the aluminum film-coated PMMA cylinder and the silicone film covered interdigitated Ag electrodes is formed by ocean waves. In the case of EMG, a rolling magnetic ball is placed on the four coils to generate magnetic flux changes, thus generating electricity. Several experiments are conducted to validate the availability. Experimental results show that the instantaneous maximum output power of TENG is 0.08 mW at a load of 100 MΩ, and the instantaneous maximum output power of EMG is 14.9 mW at a load of 1 kΩ. The hybrid nanogenerator can light up 60 LEDs at the same time. After storing energy in the capacitor, the output DC signal can provide a continuous energy supply with the temperature sensor. More important, the nanogenerator can power the wireless acoustic sensing system. Graphical abstract fx1 Highlights • Combined with TENG and EMG, it can harvest more energy at wider frequencies. • A new rolling structure to harvest two-dimensional direction random wave energy. • It has potential applications in self-powered wireless acoustic sensing system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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16. Two-dimensional triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator for wave energy harvesting
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Hao, Congcong, He, Jian, Zhai, Cong, Jia, Wei, Song, Linlin, Cho, Jundong, Chou, Xiujian, and Xue, Chenyang
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The earth has abundant water resources, and efficient harvesting of energy from waves is always a research hotspot. In this paper, we fabricate a box-like triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator for harvesting water wave energy, which is composed of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and the electromagnetic generator (EMG). In the case of TENG, the contact and separation between the aluminum film-coated PMMA cylinder and the silicone film covered interdigitated Ag electrodes is formed by ocean waves. In the case of EMG, a rolling magnetic ball is placed on the four coils to generate magnetic flux changes, thus generating electricity. Several experiments are conducted to validate the availability. Experimental results show that the instantaneous maximum output power of TENG is 0.08 mW at a load of 100 MΩ, and the instantaneous maximum output power of EMG is 14.9 mW at a load of 1 kΩ. The hybrid nanogenerator can light up 60 LEDs at the same time. After storing energy in the capacitor, the output DC signal can provide a continuous energy supply with the temperature sensor. More important, the nanogenerator can power the wireless acoustic sensing system.
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- 2019
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17. Isotopic imprints of aerosol ammonium over the north China plain.
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Mgelwa, Abubakari Said, Song, Linlin, Fan, Meiyi, Li, Zhengjie, Zhang, Yanlin, Chang, Yunhua, Pan, Yuepeng, Gurmesa, Geshere Abdisa, Liu, Dongwei, Huang, Shaonan, Qiu, Qingyan, and Fang, Yunting
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AEROSOLS ,CARBONACEOUS aerosols ,AUTOMOBILE size ,AMMONIUM ,PLAINS ,CITIES & towns ,IMPRINTED polymers - Abstract
Atmospheric PM 2.5 poses a variety of health and environmental risks to urban environments. Ammonium is one of the main components of PM 2.5 , and its role in PM 2.5 pollution will likely increase in the coming years as NH 3 emissions are still unregulated and rising in many cities worldwide. However, partitioning urban NH 4
+ sources remains challenging. Although the15 N natural abundance (δ15 N) analysis is a promising approach for this purpose, it has seldom been applied across multiple cities within a given region. This limits our understanding of the regional patterns and controls of NH 4+ sources in urban environments. Here, we collected PM 2.5 samples using an active sampling technique during winter at six cities in the North China Plain to characterize the concentrations, δ15 N and sources of NH 4+ in PM 2.5. We found substantial variations in both the concentrations and δ15 N of NH 4+ among the sites. The mean NH 4+ concentrations across the six cities ranged from 3.6 to 12.1 μg m−3 on polluted days and from 0.9 to 10.6 μg m−3 on non-polluted days. The δ15 N ranged from 6.5‰ to 13.9‰ on polluted days and from 8.7‰ to 13.5‰ on non-polluted days. The δ15 N decreased with increasing NH 4+ concentrations at all six sites. We found that non-agricultural sources (vehicle exhaust, ammonia slip and urban wastes) contributed 72%–94% and 56%–86% of the NH 4+ on polluted and non-polluted days, respectively, and that during polluted days, combustion-related emissions (vehicle exhaust and ammonia slip) were positively associated with the proportion of urban area, population density and number of vehicles, highlighting the importance of local sources of particulate pollution. This study suggests that the analysis of15 N in aerosol NH 4+ is a promising approach for apportioning atmospheric NH 3 sources over a large region, and this approach has potential for mapping rapidly and precisely the sources of NH 3 emissions. [Display omitted] • Non-agricultural and agricultural sources contributed 82% and 18% to NH 4+ in PM 2.5. • Aerosol NH 4+ on polluted winter days in six cities was mainly of local origin. • Combustion-derived NH 4+ positively related to urban area size and vehicle numbers. • Agricultural contribution to NH 4+ increased with increasing agricultural coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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18. Improvement of radiotherapy with an ozone-carried liposome nano-system for synergizing cancer immune checkpoint blockade.
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Zheng, Dan, Li, Yanchu, Song, Linlin, Xu, Tianyue, Jiang, Xian, Yin, Xiaomeng, He, Yinbo, Xu, Jinshun, Ma, Xuelei, Chai, Li, Xu, Jie, Hu, Jianping, Mi, Peng, Jing, Jing, and Shi, Hubing
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LIPOSOMES ,IMMUNE checkpoint proteins ,REACTIVE oxygen species ,OXYGEN carriers ,RADIOTHERAPY ,HYDROXYL group ,TUMOR-infiltrating immune cells - Abstract
Radiotherapy is a compatible regimen for synergizing immune checkpoint blockade therapy by promoting immunogenic cell death. To improve the efficiency of irradiation-induced neoantigen generation, we designed and developed an ozone-carrying liposome perfluorodecalin (PFD) nano-system (O 3 _PFD@Liposome) which promoted ozone solubility by 18.4-fold compared to that in water solution. The O 3 _PFD@Liposome particle remarkably improved the irradiation-induced hydroxyl radical generation. Evaluation of sub-cellular biodistribution indicated that the nano-system could be efficiently internalized by tumor cells. Upon released inside tumor cells, ozone generated reactive oxygen species under the stimulation of X-ray irradiation. Notably, O 3 _PFD@Liposome significantly prompted anti-tumor efficacy of radiotherapy without inducing severe adverse effects. The combo regimen with radiotherapy and ozone potently enhanced the infiltration of lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment by inducing immunogenic cell death, releasing neoantigens, and relieving hypoxia symptom. Consequently, the combination of ozone-fueled irradiation and PD-1 blockade synergistically inhibited the growth of primary and abscopal tumors. [Display omitted] • Ozone may serve as an efficient donor of ROS and oxygen under the agitation of irradiation. • Ozone-loaded perfluorodecalin liposome sensitizes radiotherapy by enhancing ROS productivity and attenuating hypoxia. • Combination of O 3 _PFD@Liposome and irradiation promotes tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte by augmenting immunogenic cell death. • On top of ozone-fueled irradiation, PD-1 blockade further enhances growth inhibition of primary and abscopal tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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19. Role of the regulation of mesenchymal stem cells on macrophages in sepsis
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Xing, Jie, Wang, Rui, Cui, Fengqi, Song, Linlin, Ma, Quanlin, and Xu, Huiyun
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Sepsis is a common clinical critical disease with high mortality. The excessive release of cytokines from macrophages is the main cause of out-of-control immune response in sepsis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are thought to be useful in adjunctive therapy of sepsis and related diseases, due to their function in immune regulation, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and tissue regeneration. Also there have been several successful cases in clinical treatment. Some previous studies have shown that MSCs regulate the function of macrophages through secreting cytokines and extracellular vesicles, or transferring mitochondria directly to target cells, which affects the progress of sepsis. Here, we review the regulation of MSCs on macrophages in sepsis, mainly focus on the regulation ways. We hope that will help to understand the immunological mechanism and also provide some clues for the clinical application of MSCs in the biotherapy of sepsis.
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- 2023
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20. PSMG2-controlled proteasome-autophagy balance mediates the tolerance for MEK-targeted therapy in triple-negative breast cancer
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Wang, Xueyan, Yu, Jing, Liu, Xiaowei, Luo, Dan, Li, Yanchu, Song, Linlin, Jiang, Xian, Yin, Xiaomeng, Wang, Yan, Chai, Li, Luo, Ting, Jing, Jing, and Shi, Hubing
- Abstract
Although the MAPK pathway is aberrantly activated in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), the clinical outcome of MEK-targeted therapy is still poor. Through a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 library screening, we find that inhibition of PSMG2 sensitizes TNBC cells BT549 and MB468 to the MEK inhibitor AZD6244. Mechanistically, PSMG2 knockdown impairs proteasome function, which in turn activates autophagy-mediated PDPK1 degradation. The PDPK1 degradation significantly enhances AZD6244-induced tumor cell growth inhibition by interrupting the negative feedback signals toward the AKT pathway. Consistently, co-targeting proteasomes and MEK with inhibitors synergistically suppresses tumor cell growth. The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine partially relieves the PDPK1 degradation and reverses the growth inhibition induced by combinatorial inhibition of MEK and proteasome. The combination regimen with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 plus AZD6244 synergistically inhibits tumor growth in a 4T1 xenograft mouse model. In summary, our study not only unravels the mechanism of MEK inhibitor resistance but also provides a combinatorial therapeutic strategy for TNBC in clinics.
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- 2022
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21. Atmospheric nitrate formation pathways in urban and rural atmosphere of Northeast China: Implications for complicated anthropogenic effects.
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Li, Zhengjie, Walters, Wendell W., Hastings, Meredith G., Song, Linlin, Huang, Shaonan, Zhu, Feifei, Liu, Dongwei, Shi, Guitao, Li, Yilan, and Fang, Yunting
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ATMOSPHERIC chemistry ,ATMOSPHERIC models ,ATMOSPHERE ,CHEMICAL models ,NITRATES - Abstract
Effects of human activities on atmospheric nitrate (NO 3
- ) formation remain unclear, though the knowledge is critical for improving atmospheric chemistry models and nitrogen deposition reduction strategies. A potentially useful way to explore this is to compare NO 3- oxidation processes in urban and rural atmospheres based upon the oxygen stable isotope composition of NO 3- (Δ17 O–NO 3- ). Here we compared the Δ17 O–NO 3- from three-years of daily-based bulk deposition in urban (Shenyang) and forested rural sites (Qingyuan) in northeast China and quantified the relative contributions of different formation pathways based on the SIAR model. Our results showed that the Δ17 O in Qiangyuan (26.2 ± 3.3‰) is significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in Shenyang (24.0 ± 4.0‰), and significantly higher in winter (Shenyang: 26.1 ± 6.7‰, Qingyuan: 29.6 ± 2.5‰) than in summer (Shenyang: 22.7 ± 2.9‰, Qingyuan: 23.8 ± 2.4‰) in both sites. The lower values in the urban site are linked with conditions that favored a higher relative contribution of nitrogen dioxide reaction with OH pathway (0.76-0.91) than in rural site (0.47-0.62), which should be induced by different levels of human activities in the two sites. The seasonal variations of Δ17 O–NO 3- in both sites are explained by a higher relative contribution of ozone-mediated oxidation chemistry and unfavorable conditions for the OH pathway during winter relative to summer, which is affected by human activities and seasonal meteorological condition change. Based on Δ17 O, wintertime conditions led to a contribution of O 3 related pathways (NO 3 + DMS/HC and N 2 O 5 hydrolysis) of 0.63 in Qingyuan and 0.42 in Shenyang, while summertime conditions led to 0.15 in Qingyuan and 0.05 in Shenyang. Our comparative study on Δ17 O–NO 3- between urban and rural sites reveals different anthropogenic effects on nitrate formation processes on spatial and temporal scales, illustrating different responses of reactive nitrogen chemistry to changes in human activities. [Display omitted] • Δ17 O of bulk deposited NO 3− was lower in urban versus rural atmosphere. • Δ17 O–NO 3- was lower in summer and higher in winter in both urban and rural sites. • Urban nitrate yielded lower Δ17 O than the rural site due to chemistry differences. • Lower Δ17 O values are due to higher contributions of the OH formation pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. A Photosensitizer-Loaded DNA Origami Nanosystem for Photodynamic Therapy
- Author
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Zhuang, Xiaoxi, Ma, Xiaowei, Xue, Xiangdong, Jiang, Qiao, Song, Linlin, Dai, Luru, Zhang, Chunqiu, Jin, Shubin, Yang, Keni, Ding, Baoquan, Wang, Paul C., and Liang, Xing-Jie
- Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers an alternative for cancer treatment by using ultraviolet or visible light in the presence of a photosensitizer and molecular oxygen, which can produce highly reactive oxygen species that ultimately leading to the ablation of tumor cells by multifactorial mechanisms. However, this technique is limited by the penetration depth of incident light, the hypoxic environment of solid tumors, and the vulnerability of photobleaching reduces the efficiency of many imaging agents. In this work, we reported a cellular level dual-functional imaging and PDT nanosystem BMEPC-loaded DNA origami for photodynamic therapy with high efficiency and stable photoreactive property. The carbazole derivative BMEPC is a one- and two-photon imaging agent and photosensitizer with large two-photon absorption cross section, which can be fully excited by near-infrared light, and is also capable of destroying targets under anaerobic condition by generating reactive intermediates of Type I photodynamic reactions. However, the application of BMEPC was restricted by its poor solubility in aqueous environment and its aggregation caused quenching. We observed BMEPC-loaded DNA origami effectively reduced the photobleaching of BMEPC within cells. Upon binding to DNA origami, the intramolecular rotation of BMEPC became proper restricted, which intensify fluorescence emission and radicals production when being excited. After the BMEPC-loaded DNA origami are taken up by tumor cells, upon irradiation, BMEPC could generate free radicals and be released due to DNA photocleavage as well as the following partially degradation. Apoptosis was then induced by the generation of free radicals. This functional nanosystem provides an insight into the design of photosensitizer-loaded DNA origami for effective intracellular imaging and photodynamic therapy.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Rigid Principles and Flexible Space: The Development Trend of Local Government Administrative Service Center.
- Author
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Song Linlin
- Subjects
ADMINISTRATIVE reform ,LOCAL government ,CIVIL service ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
Accomplishment of the gradual strategy of the administrative reform in China relies on the system transformation, institution improvement and technology innovation of local government. As an important carrier of the transformation of government functions and reform of greater part system, Administrative Service Center of local government has made beneficial exploration in simplifying the process of administrative approval, enhancing the credibility and responsiveness of the government, and constructing supply mechanism of public service with high performance. However, with the rapid spread, there are also a host of problems as ambiguous definition of the concept, unclear nature of the institution, non - uniformed administration and inadequate function play, which need to be standardized. This raises the argument on whether all the institutional system and management processes of the center should be reunified or it should maintain the status quo to encourage the independent development of a variety of forms. Standardized administration is relatively stable and more effective, and is the important foundation and the necessary premise to the healthy development of the administrative service center. Giving local government certain room for self - adjusting, self - selection and sufficient leeway to adapt to environmental changes, encouraging it to find the right position in the exploration and avoid the simplification of models, can fully mobilize the creativity and initiative of administrative service center, and made it play a more active and efficient role in the promotion of local economic development and building a harmonious society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
24. The Research on How to Deal with Missing Data in Surveys on Public Satisfaction towards Government Websites.
- Author
-
Li Haitao and Song Linlin
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Flexible fiber-shaped CuInSe2 solar cells with single-wire-structure: Design, construction and performance.
- Author
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Zhang, Lisha, Song, Linlin, Tian, Qiwei, Kuang, Xingyu, Hu, Junqing, Liu, Jianshe, Yang, Jianmao, and Chen, Zhigang
- Subjects
SOLAR cells ,PHOTOVOLTAIC cell design & construction ,PERFORMANCE evaluation ,COPPER compounds ,SOLID state batteries ,PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation - Abstract
Abstract: Fiber-shaped solar cells (FSCs) have attracted increasing interest in recent years due to their numerous advantages. Herein we report the first prototype of highly flexible all-solid-state single-wire FSCs by using CuInSe
2 (CIS) as the model photoactive semiconductor. CIS layer is electrodeposited on a flexible Mo wire as the substrate. Subsequently, CdS, ZnO and ITO layers are orderly deposited on the Mo/CIS wire, and each upper layer ensures full contact with the underlying layer, resulting in an excellent structural uniformity along circumference of the FSC. This Mo/CIS/CdS/ZnO/ITO single-wire FSC exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 2.31%, which is one of the highest values in all reported FSCs. More importantly, the present all-solid-state single-wire FSC exhibits stable conversion efficiency (2.16–2.32%) during rotation (0∼360°), bending (0∼360°) and long-time aging (stored at 60°C for 600h) processes, which makes it possible to fabricate very long single-wire FSC with stable efficiency for weaving large-area devices and/or the stereoscopic cell textiles. Our method provides a new and general approach for fabricating flexible single-wire FSC with various kinds of photovoltaic semiconductor materials, and it also would be applicable to develop other flexible electronic circuits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. DNA Origami as an In VivoDrug Delivery Vehicle for Cancer Therapy
- Author
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Zhang, Qian, Jiang, Qiao, Li, Na, Dai, Luru, Liu, Qing, Song, Linlin, Wang, Jinye, Li, Yaqian, Tian, Jie, Ding, Baoquan, and Du, Yang
- Abstract
Many chemotherapeutics used for cancer treatments encounter issues during delivery to tumors in vivoand may have high levels of systemic toxicity due to their nonspecific distribution. Various materials have been explored to fabricate nanoparticles as drug carriers to improve delivery efficiency. However, most of these materials suffer from multiple drawbacks, such as limited biocompatibility and inability to engineer spatially addressable surfaces that can be utilized for multifunctional activity. Here, we demonstrate that DNA origami possessed enhanced tumor passive targeting and long-lasting properties at the tumor region. Particularly, the triangle-shaped DNA origami exhibits optimal tumor passive targeting accumulation. The delivery of the known anticancer drug doxorubicin into tumors by self-assembled DNA origami nanostructures was performed, and this approach showed prominent therapeutic efficacy in vivo. The DNA origami carriers were prepared through the self-assembly of M13mp18 phage DNA and hundreds of complementary DNA helper strands; the doxorubicin was subsequently noncovalently intercalated into these nanostructures. After conducting fluorescence imaging and safety evaluation, the doxorubicin-containing DNA origami exhibited remarkable antitumor efficacy without observable systemic toxicity in nude mice bearing orthotopic breast tumors labeled with green fluorescent protein. Our results demonstrated the potential of DNA origami nanostructures as innovative platforms for the efficient and safe drug delivery of cancer therapeutics in vivo.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. A zero-background fluorescent probe for Hg2+designed viathe “covalent-assembly” principleElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: The general experimental, detailed synthetic procedures for Hg550and characterization including 1H- and 13C-NMR and HRMS are provided. See DOI: 10.1039/c4ay01729c
- Author
-
Song, Linlin, Lei, Zuhai, Zhang, Baoyan, Xu, Zhiping, Li, Zhong, and Yang, Youjun
- Abstract
We herein report a novel fluorescent probe for Hg2+based on the deprotection of 1,3-dithiolane, viathe covalent assembly principle. Presence of Hg2+triggers a cascade, which ultimately furnishes the push–pull backbone of a fluorescent dye, rendering a turn-on signal from a zero background and hence high detection sensitivity.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Vehicular Emissions Enhanced Ammonia Concentrations in Winter Mornings: Insights from Diurnal Nitrogen Isotopic Signatures
- Author
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Gu, Mengna, Pan, Yuepeng, Walters, Wendell W., Sun, Qian, Song, Linlin, Wang, Yuesi, Xue, Yifeng, and Fang, Yunting
- Abstract
A general feature in the diurnal cycle of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) concentrations is a morning spike that typically occurs around 07:00 to 10:00 (LST). Current hypotheses to explain this morning’s NH3increase remain elusive, and there is still no consensus whether traffic emissions are among the major sources of urban NH3. Here, we confirmed that the NH3morning pulse in urban Beijing is a universal feature, with an annual occurrence frequency of 73.0% and a rapid growth rate (>20%) in winter. The stable nitrogen isotopic composition of NH3(δ15N–NH3) in winter also exhibited a significant diurnal variation with an obvious morning peak at 07:00 to 10:00 (−18.6‰, mass-weighted mean), higher than other times of the day (−26.3‰). This diurnal pattern suggests that a large fraction of NH3in the morning originated from nonagricultural sources, for example, power plants, vehicles, and coal combustion that tend to have higher δ15N–NH3emission signatures relative to agricultural emissions. In particular, the contribution from vehicular emissions increased from 18% (00:00 to 07:00) to 40% (07:00 to 10:00), while the contribution of fertilizer sources to NH3was reduced from 15.8% at 00:00 to 07:00 to 5.2% at 07:00 to 10:00. We concluded that NH3concentrations in winter mornings in urban Beijing were indeed enhanced by vehicle emissions, which should be considered in air pollution regulations.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Flexible fiber-shaped CuInSe2solar cells with single-wire-structure: Design, construction and performance
- Author
-
Zhang, Lisha, Song, Linlin, Tian, Qiwei, Kuang, Xingyu, Hu, Junqing, Liu, Jianshe, Yang, Jianmao, and Chen, Zhigang
- Abstract
Fiber-shaped solar cells (FSCs) have attracted increasing interest in recent years due to their numerous advantages. Herein we report the first prototype of highly flexible all-solid-state single-wire FSCs by using CuInSe2(CIS) as the model photoactive semiconductor. CIS layer is electrodeposited on a flexible Mo wire as the substrate. Subsequently, CdS, ZnO and ITO layers are orderly deposited on the Mo/CIS wire, and each upper layer ensures full contact with the underlying layer, resulting in an excellent structural uniformity along circumference of the FSC. This Mo/CIS/CdS/ZnO/ITO single-wire FSC exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 2.31%, which is one of the highest values in all reported FSCs. More importantly, the present all-solid-state single-wire FSC exhibits stable conversion efficiency (2.16–2.32%) during rotation (0∼360°), bending (0∼360°) and long-time aging (stored at 60°C for 600h) processes, which makes it possible to fabricate very long single-wire FSC with stable efficiency for weaving large-area devices and/or the stereoscopic cell textiles. Our method provides a new and general approach for fabricating flexible single-wire FSC with various kinds of photovoltaic semiconductor materials, and it also would be applicable to develop other flexible electronic circuits.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Experimental study and model analysis of the performance of IPMC Membranes with various thickness
- Author
-
He, Qingsong, Yu, Min, Song, Linlin, Ding, Haitao, Zhang, Xiaoqing, and Dai, Zhendong
- Abstract
Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite (IPMC) is a new electro-active polymer, which has the advantages of light weight, flexi- bility, and large stroke with low driving voltage. Because of these features, IPMC can be applied to bionic robotic actuators, artificial muscles, as well as dynamic sensors. However, IPMC has the major drawback of low generative blocking force. In this paper, in order to enhance the blocking force, the Nafion membranes with thickness of 0.22 mm, 0.32 mm, 0.42 mm, 0.64 mm and 0.8 mm were prepared by casting from liquid solution. By employing these Nafion membranes, IPMCs with varying thickness were fabricated by electroless plating. The elastic modulus of the casted Nafion membranes were obtained by a nano-indenter, and the current, the displacement and the blocking force were respectively measured by the apparatus for ac- tuation test. Finally, the effects of the thickness on the performance of IPMC were analyzed with an electromechanical model. Experimental study and theory analysis indicate that as the thickness increases, the elastic modulus of Nafion membrane and the blocking force of IPMC increase, however, the current and the displacement decrease.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Distribution of borehole temperature at four high-altitude alpine glaciers in Central Asia
- Author
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Liu, Yaping, Hou, Shugui, Wang, Yetang, and Song, Linlin
- Abstract
Abstract: The distribution of borehole temperature at four high-altitude alpine glaciers was investigated. The result shows that the temperature ranges from −13.4°C to −1.84°C, indicating the glaciers are cold throughout the boreholes. The negative gradient (i.e., the temperature decreasing with the increasing of depth) due to the advection of ice and climate warming, and the negative gradient moving downwards relates to climate warming, are probably responsible for the observed minimum temperature moving to lower depth in boreholes of the Gyabrag glacier and Miaoergou glacier compared to the previously investigated continental ice core borehole temperature in West China. The borehole temperature at 10 m depth ranges from −8.0°C in the Gyabrag glacier in the central Himalayas to −12.9°C in the Tsabagarav glacier in the Altai range. The borehole temperature at 10 m depth is 3∼4 degrees higher than the calculated mean annual air temperature on the surface of the glaciers and the higher 10 m depth temperature is mainly caused by the production of latent heat due to melt-water percolation and refreezing. The basal temperature is far below the melting point, indicating that the glaciers are frozen to bedrock. The very low temperature gradients near the bedrock suggest that the influence of geothermal flux and ice flow on basal temperature is very weak. The low temperature and small velocity of ice flow of glaciers are beneficial for preservation of the chemical and isotopic information in ice cores.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. δ15N of Nitric Oxide Produced Under Aerobic or Anaerobic Conditions From Seven Soils and Their Associated N Isotope Fractionations
- Author
-
Su, Chenxia, Kang, Ronghua, Zhu, Weixing, Huang, Wentao, Song, Linlin, Wang, Ang, Liu, Dongwei, Quan, Zhi, Zhu, Feifei, Fu, Pingqing, and Fang, Yunting
- Abstract
Measuring the nitrogen isotope compositions (δ15N) of nitric oxide (NO) from different sources helps to quantify the relative contributions of atmospheric NOx. Soil is one of the most important sources of atmospheric NOx, but only limited measurements on the δ15N of soil‐emitted NO exist, hampering our ability to partition sources to air pollution. Here we conducted soil incubations to measure the δ15N‐NO under defined aerobic or anaerobic conditions, favoring either nitrification or denitrification. Soils were collected from seven sites spanning three ecosystems in northern China (two agricultural, two forest, and three grassland sites). We found that the δ15N‐NO and their associated N isotope fractionations were significantly different between anaerobic and aerobic conditions in seven soils. Under aerobic condition, the δ15N‐NO ranged from −62‰ to −50‰ (averaged −56 ± 4‰), being significantly more negative (by 23‰) than those under anaerobic condition (−45‰ to −23‰, averaged −33 ± 7‰). The apparent N isotope fractionation for NO production under aerobic condition (15εaerobic= 61 ± 3‰) was significantly higher (by 26‰) than under anaerobic condition (15εanaerobic= 35 ± 6‰), with a small variability among ecosystem types. Our study demonstrates that the δ15N‐NO from different soils are very different from fuel combustions (mainly from 0‰ to +20‰), supporting that measuring 15N is a useful tool to partition the contributions of soil NO to atmospheric NOx. Our results also imply δ15N‐NO produced by nitrification and denitrification distinctly different, as these two processes are dominant processes producing NO under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO) affects the atmosphere chemistry and NO itself a key component of air pollution and a precursor to other air pollutants like particulate matter and ozone. To reduce the air pollution, it is crucial to identify the atmospheric NO sources. Measuring 15N natural abundance has been considered as a promising tool to identify different sources, but the measurement on δ15N for soil‐emitted NO is limited, adding to the large uncertainties on NO partitioning. Here we measured the δ15N‐NO emitted from three ecosystem types across seven sites (two agriculture, two forest, and three grassland sites) under defined anaerobic or aerobic conditions. We found that soil‐emitted NO was 15N‐depleted (−62‰ to −23‰) related to the source from fossil fuel combustion (0–20‰), suggesting that δ15N can be used to separate these two sources. We also found that the δ15N‐NO under aerobic condition (nitrification prevailing, −62‰ to −50‰) was much lower than under anaerobic condition (denitrification prevailing, −45‰ to −23‰), which provide a useful tool to better understand the relative contributions of different sources of NO. In sum, soil‐emitted NO has their own different isotope fingerprint, depending on the soil oxygen conditions, and can be used to partition sources. The δ15N‐NO from soil (−62‰ to −23‰) is different from fuel combustion (0‰ to 20‰), allowing effective source partitionThe δ15N‐NO produced under aerobic condition (favor nitrification) was more negative than under anaerobic condition (favor denitrification)The 15εfor NO production under aerobic condition (61 ± 3‰) was significantly higher than under anaerobic condition (35 ± 6‰)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. A bionic eye actuated by ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) artificial muscle
- Author
-
Yu, Min, Li, Yuxiu, He, Qingsong, Song, Linlin, and Dai, Zhendong
- Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of developing an energy-efficient, noiseless, movable bionic eye for use in bionic toys. This novel bionic eye is actuated by an ionic polymer-metal composite actuator. The overall size of the eye was 39 mm in length, 45 mm in width, and 45 mm in thickness. The experimental results revealed such a bionic eye design is feasible. This type of bionic eye is appropriate for use in toys and robots to increase their visual impact.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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