Search

Case presentation: A 12-year-old child with a history of varicella infection for 7 days. On the seventh day, the patient presented prostration, inappetence, gait ataxia, dysdiadochokinesia, bilateral eye movement decomposition, pupils equal, round and reactive to light, with no focal deficit and absence of fever. Clinical support, laboratory tests, CSF analysis, and imaging exams were initiated. CSF test and hemogram normal; C-reactive protein test negative; electrolytes, and renal and hepatic function also normal. A neurological consult was requested, and dexamethasone and acyclovir were administered in intravenous infusion. The patient evolved favorably showing significant improvement in neurological deficits. Acyclovir was maintained for 14 days and dexamethasone for 07 days. The patient was discharged and referred to an outpatient neurology service. Discussion: Varicella is highly contagious. Transmission occurs via contact with aerosolized droplets from nasopharyngeal secretions or by direct contact with fluid from skin lesions. The average incubation period is 14--16 days. The period of communicability of patients with varicella is estimated to begin 48 hours before the onset of rash and ends when all lesions are crusted. Mild varicella cases usually include a prodrome of fever, malaise or pharyngitis, and loss of appetite, following the development of generalized vesicular eruptions. After the introduction of the vaccine, the number of complications in children has decreased dramatically, the most common complication is bacterial superinfections. Encephalitis and Reye's syndrome are the most serious complications of varicella. Encephalitis accounts for 20% of pediatric hospital admissions due to varicella, manifesting in two different ways: acute cerebellar ataxia and acute encephalitis. These neurological disorders occur by the end of the first week of the rash. However, in some cases, the neurological manifestations may precede the rash. Acute cerebellar ataxia is more common in children, occurring in ~1 in 4000 varicella infections in children under 15. It has a limited course and is usually followed by complete recovery. Diffuse encephalitis is more common in adults and clinical manifestations include delirium, seizures, and focal neurological signs. Final comments: This case report highlights the importance of informing about and promoting the encouragement of childhood vaccination so that we can reduce the risk of serious complications of vaccine-preventable diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under no-till farming systems, the use of crop rotations with species adapted to low P soils may enhance soil P availability through P cycling. Growing ruzigrass [Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. and C.M. Evrard) Morrone and Zuloaga] as a cover crop has shown to increase resin extractable P in soils. However, it is not clear how the next crop responds to ruzigrass in the long term. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term effect of growing ruzigrass on soil P availability to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The evaluations were performed over 5 yr on a ruzigrass-soybean crop rotation, in Botucatu, Brazil. The treatments were P rates (0, 13, and 26 kg ha-1) applied to soybean seed furrows, and ruzigrass or fallow during the off-season. Soil samples were taken after ruzigrass desiccation, and soil P was extracted with resin (Presin). The use of ruzigrass increased soil organic matter (SOM) by approximately 20% compared with fallow, regardless of P rates, and increased Presin concentration in the 0- to 10-cm soil depth by approximately 10% with 26 kg ha-1 of P. Surprisingly, grain yield and soybean leaf P concentration were lower after ruzigrass compared with fallow. Resin seemed to be unsuitable to compare P availability in different cropping systems. In the long-term, growing ruzigrass as a cover crop in the off-season decreases P and N availability to soybean, eventually decreasing soybean grain yield. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms involved in this unexpected soybean response when cropped in rotation with ruzigrass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The 19th-century building housing the National Archaeological Museum (MAN) of Spain located in Madrid's downtown was remodelled between 2008 and 2014. During the final of the reform and since its opening to the public on April 2014 and until 2017, the levels of forty different Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) were determined and quantified following the AirArt project. This project aimed to identify, quantify and treat the chemical and biological pollutants in the museum. This article discusses the presence, quantification and chemometric studies of the main VOCs identified in the museum. The campaigns were carried out by collecting active and passive air samples on sorbent tubes and monitoring the results over four years. The I/O ratio >1 shows that the indoor VOCs concentrations were higher than those at the outdoors of the museum from the emission of new materials used for their renovation. The Egypt and Reinos Cristianos rooms have the highest I/O ratio. The PCA analysis for four years of indoor and outdoor VOCs analysis of the museum explains the difference between the two environments and highlighted the siloxanes and aldehydes like principal VOCs inside the museum. The concentration of these compounds is below the WHO limits, but little is known about the limit and which compounds can damage the heritage in the museums. The filtration system in the airtight showcase ensures the removal of pollutants over time, avoiding damage to both the health of conservatives and the heritage on display. Image 1 • New materials introduced during MAN renovation increase the indoor air pollutants. • VOCs Indoor/Outdoor ratio for VOCs diminished after two years of opening to visitants. • Aldehydes, siloxanes and terpenes are typical indoor air VOCs and persist over time in the museum. • The filtration system used in the showcase is effective in cleaning the VOCs pollutants. • PCA analysis helps to understand the VOCs result of the indoor of the museum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]