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Copyright of Revista MAD is the property of Revista MAD and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Estudios Políticos is the property of Centro de Estudios Politicos y Constitucionales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Filosóficos is the property of Estudios Filosoficos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This essay addresses Kant’s discussion of the role of shame in the evolution of the relationship between the sexes. Particular attention is given to the historical and genetic development of a complex line of reasoning Kant first presented in his courses on ethics, in the beginning of the 1760s. Faced with certain perplexities that we can assume were roused in him by the reading of Rousseau’s Discourse on Inequality, Kant confronted his students with a metaphysical hypothesis accounting for a way out of the state of nature and which involves exploring the most primitive dynamics of the shame instinct. I analyze this problem in Kant’s early texts and draw a comparative approach to the structural expansion of it, as applied to a justification of the ultimate purpose of the relationship between the sexes, ending with a note on the paradoxical conclusions it ultimately leads to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason Kant speaks of an ethical state of nature and of an ethico-civil condition, with explicit reference to the juridical state of nature and the juridico-civil condition he discusses at length in his legal-political writings. Given that the Religion is the only work where Kant introduces a parallel between these concepts, one might think that this is only a loose analogy, serving a merely illustrative function. The paper provides a fi rst outline of the similarities and the differences between the state of nature and the civil condition in Right and in ethics. The comparison points to a deeper, structural relation between the two pairs of concepts. By doing so, it makes room for developing a unitary conception of the state of nature and of the civil condition, which would underlie both the ethical and the juridical version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibility of cooperation and the stability of political order are long-standing problems. Polybius, well known for his Histories analysing the expansion of Rome and his description of the Roman constitution, also offers an intriguing social and political theory that covers ground from psycho-anthropological micro-foundations to institution-based political order, providing a genealogy of morals and political order that is best understood in game-theoretical terms. In this paper I try to give such an interpretation. Polybius' naturalistic, proto-game theoretical views show similarities with Hume, Smith and especially Hobbes' doctrine of sovereignty by acquisition. However, Polybius is original in crucial regards, giving a motivationally plausible account of institutional and especially constitutional solutions to moral and political problems. Constitutional order, for Polybius, embodies and makes possible in the first place a kind of political reason that cannot be had individually. Polybian political theory thus offers interesting solutions to problems concerning moral motivation, collective action, and the conditions for political order, as well as the explanation and character of institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cauriensia: Revista Anual de Ciencias Eclesiásticas is the property of Instituto Teologico San Pedro de Alcantara de Caceres and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ideas y Valores is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Urutágua is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper examines Rousseau's approach to the classical "state of nature" conception. Is Rousseau's system coherent or not? For Rousseau, the state of nature seems to be a hypothetical abstract concept on one hand and a real state of intersubjective relationships within specific human communities on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author understands environmentalism as a stream of contemporary political philosophy based on the reflection of causes and possible effects of global environmental crisis as one of the most serious threats to current political system and global civilization as a whole. Considering the changes in social, technological and environmental starting conditions of the economic-political system - i.e. the consequences of the transition from the stable geologic-climate era of Holocene to the unstable era of Anthropocene - it is necessary to reconsider the basic premises, imperatives and conceptual frames of current economic-political system. The philosophical foundations of current economic-political system as well as the basic premises of environmentalism and concepts relevant to the reflection of current threats and risks were articulated in some of the writings of the founders of modern political thinking. The author's focus is on the concept of civil and human rights, the concept of state of nature, and the concept of social contract, which could be of help in the examination of the crisis of current economic-political system as a whole and the environmentalism in particular. The author's hypothesis is that the political philosophy of the 21st century must reflect the environmental preconditions and limits of the existence and forms of any economic-political system while taking into account that all economic and social activities have their impact on the quality and sustainability of the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Araucaria is the property of Araucaria-Revista Iberoamericana de Filosofia, Politica y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Frónesis is the property of Universidad del Zulia (Fronesis) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Darbai ir Dienos is the property of Vytautas Magnus University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The central problem being addressed in this article is the proper interpretation of the relationship between Hobbes's conception of the law of nature (lex naturalis) and his conception of civil law (lex civilis). The first part analyses Hobbes's definition of law (lex). The second part analyses in particular the problem of whether the laws of nature (leges naturalis) on Hobbes's account can be interpreted as divine commands, and thus as laws (leges) in the proper sense. The third part of the article analyses the problem of the relationship between Hobbes's conception of natural law and his conception of civil law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

John Locke is often said to hold that individuals have a natural right to bear arms for self-defence. I argue that this view ignores an essential feature of Locke's political theory: once we join political society, the preservation of society takes precedence over the preservation of individuals. In political society, on Locke's view, regulations of the means of self-defence may be enacted by a duly constituted legislative power if thought to be for the public good, even though this may limit the arms available to individuals when confronted with aggressors or tyrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Locke's conception of private property as developed mainly in his Two Treatises on Government is still being discussed among philosophers. The paper is intended as a contribution to the historical-logical interpretation of some aspects of his concept of property. Contrary to most interpreters who underline the external determinations the author tries to see the changes of the concept from inside the process of its development. Based on this approach is then the description of the development of property from its original to its highest, i.e. legal form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Prolegomena: Journal of Philosophy is the property of Society for the Advancement of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Estudios de Filosofía is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Instituto de Filosofia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Anthropologie et Sociétés is the property of Anthropologie et Societies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Middle East Technical University Studies in Development is the property of METU Studies in Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)