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3. Nuclear-free NYC: How New Yorkers are disarming the legacies of the Manhattan Project

Author

Sullivan, Kathleen and Bolton, Matthew Breay

Abstract

ABSTRACTIn 2021, New York City passed some of the most progressive nuclear disarmament legislation of any major city in the United States, supported by local activists from the New York Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (NYCAN). In this essay, two of the people behind this effort share some details of their success with local government as an example of what others can do to bring nuclear abolitionist activism home. They also give a sense of New York’s long history as a nuclear city—and as a locus of action for disarmament.

Published
2024
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4. Interpretation of Serum Analytes for Nutritional Evaluation

Author

Sullivan, Kathleen E., Swanhall, Alyxandra, and Livingston, Shannon

Abstract

Serum micronutrient analysis can provide insight into diet and clinical assessment, despite the complicated interplay between micronutrients and species idiosyncrasies. Approach serum nutrient analytes with skepticism, before jumping to alter diets or offering supplementation. Utilize across species but know that some exotics have exceptions to typical ranges, such as calcium in rabbits or iron in reptiles. Make sure you trust that referenced ranges reflect normal and healthy for that species. Micronutrients are integral to every bodily process, so measurement of serum analytes can tell a story that aids in the clinical picture, when one can recognize what stands out.

Published
2024
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8. Measuring the effect of newborn screening on survival after haematopoietic cell transplantation for severe combined immunodeficiency: a 36-year longitudinal study from the Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium

Author

Thakar, Monica S, Logan, Brent R, Puck, Jennifer M, Dunn, Elizabeth A, Buckley, Rebecca H, Cowan, Morton J, O'Reilly, Richard J, Kapoor, Neena, Satter, Lisa Forbes, Pai, Sung-Yun, Heimall, Jennifer, Chandra, Sharat, Ebens, Christen L, Chellapandian, Deepak, Williams, Olatundun, Burroughs, Lauri M, Saldana, Blachy Davila, Rayes, Ahmad, Madden, Lisa M, Chandrakasan, Shanmuganathan, Bednarski, Jeffrey J, DeSantes, Kenneth B, Cuvelier, Geoffrey D E, Teira, Pierre, Gillio, Alfred P, Eissa, Hesham, Knutsen, Alan P, Goldman, Frederick D, Aquino, Victor M, Shereck, Evan B, Moore, Theodore B, Caywood, Emi H, Lugt, Mark T Vander, Rozmus, Jacob, Broglie, Larisa, Yu, Lolie C, Shah, Ami J, Andolina, Jeffrey R, Liu, Xuerong, Parrott, Roberta E, Dara, Jasmeen, Prockop, Susan, Martinez, Caridad A, Kapadia, Malika, Jyonouchi, Soma C, Sullivan, Kathleen E, Bleesing, Jack J, Chaudhury, Sonali, Petrovic, Aleksandra, Keller, Michael D, Quigg, Troy C, Parikh, Suhag, Shenoy, Shalini, Seroogy, Christine, Rubin, Tamar, Decaluwe, Hélène, Routes, John M, Torgerson, Troy R, Leiding, Jennifer W, Pulsipher, Michael A, Kohn, Donald B, Griffith, Linda M, Haddad, Elie, Dvorak, Christopher C, and Notarangelo, Luigi D

Abstract

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is fatal unless durable adaptive immunity is established, most commonly through allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC) explored factors affecting the survival of individuals with SCID over almost four decades, focusing on the effects of population-based newborn screening for SCID that was initiated in 2008 and expanded during 2010–18.

Published
2023
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9. The lung in inborn errors of immunity: From clinical disease patterns to molecular pathogenesis.

Author

Gutierrez, Maria J., Nino, Gustavo, Sun, Di, Restrepo-Gualteros, Sonia, Sadreameli, Sarah C., Fiorino, Elizabeth K., Wu, Eveline, Vece, Timothy, Hagood, James S., Maglione, Paul J., Kurland, Geoffrey, Koumbourlis, Anastassios, and Sullivan, Kathleen E.

Abstract

In addition to being a vital organ for gas exchange, the lung is a crucial immune organ continuously exposed to the external environment. Genetic defects that impair immune function, called inborn errors of immunity (IEI), often have lung disease as the initial and/or primary manifestation. Common types of lung disease seen in IEI include infectious complications and a diverse group of diffuse interstitial lung diseases. Although lung damage in IEI has been historically ascribed to recurrent infections, contributions from potentially targetable autoimmune and inflammatory pathways are now increasingly recognized. This article provides a practical guide to identifying the diverse pulmonary disease patterns in IEI based on lung imaging and respiratory manifestations, and integrates this clinical information with molecular mechanisms of disease and diagnostic assessments in IEI. We cover the entire IEI spectrum, including immunodeficiencies and immune dysregulation with monogenic autoimmunity and autoinflammation, as well as recently described IEI with pulmonary manifestations. Although the pulmonary manifestations of IEI are highly relevant for all age groups, special emphasis is placed on the pediatric population, because initial presentations often occur during childhood. We also highlight the pivotal role of genetic testing in the diagnosis of IEI involving the lungs and the critical need to develop multidisciplinary teams for the challenging evaluation of these rare but potentially life-threatening disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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10. The common variable immunodeficiency IgM repertoire narrowly recognizes erythrocyte and platelet glycans.

Author

Le Coz, Carole, Trofa, Melissa, Butler, Dorothy L., Yoon, Samuel, Tian, Tian, Reid, Whitney, Cruz Cabrera, Emylette, Knox, Ainsley V.C., Khanna, Caroline, Sullivan, Kathleen E., Heimall, Jennifer, Takach, Patricia, Fadugba, Olajumoke O., Lawrence, Monica, Jyonouchi, Soma, Hakonarson, Hakon, Wells, Andrew D., Handler, Steven, Zur, Karen B., and Pillai, Vinodh

Abstract

Autoimmune cytopenias (AICs) regularly occur in profoundly IgG-deficient patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The isotypes, antigenic targets, and origin(s) of their disease-causing autoantibodies are unclear. We sought to determine reactivity, clonality, and provenance of AIC-associated IgM autoantibodies in patients with CVID. We used glycan arrays, patient erythrocytes, and platelets to determine targets of CVID IgM autoantibodies. Glycan-binding profiles were used to identify autoreactive clones across B-cell subsets, specifically circulating marginal zone (MZ) B cells, for sorting and IGH sequencing. The locations, transcriptomes, and responses of tonsillar MZ B cells to different T H - cell subsets were determined by confocal microscopy, RNA-sequencing, and cocultures, respectively. Autoreactive IgM coated erythrocytes and platelets from many CVID patients with AICs (CVID+AIC). On glycan arrays, CVID+AIC plasma IgM narrowly recognized erythrocytic i antigens and platelet i-related antigens and failed to bind hundreds of pathogen- and tumor-associated carbohydrates. Polyclonal i antigen–recognizing B-cell receptors were highly enriched among CVID+AIC circulating MZ B cells. Within tonsillar tissues, MZ B cells secreted copious IgM when activated by the combination of IL-10 and IL-21 or when cultured with IL-10/IL-21–secreting FOXP3−CD25hi T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. In lymph nodes from immunocompetent controls, MZ B cells, plentiful FOXP3+ regulatory T cells, and rare FOXP3−CD25+ cells that represented likely CD25hi Tfh cells all localized outside of germinal centers. In CVID+AIC lymph nodes, cellular positions were similar but CD25hi Tfh cells greatly outnumbered regulatory cells. Our findings indicate that glycan-reactive IgM autoantibodies produced outside of germinal centers may contribute to the autoimmune pathogenesis of CVID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. The Undiagnosed Diseases Network: Characteristics of solvable applicants and diagnostic suggestions for nonaccepted ones

Author

Mulvihill, John J., Findley, Laura, Ni, Weihong, Sinsheimer, Janet S., Cole, F. Session, Esteves, Cecilia, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Newman, John H., Wheeler, Matthew T., Mokry, Jill R., Acosta, Maria T., Adams, David R., Afzali, Ben, Al-Beshri, Ali, Allworth, Aimee, Alvarez, Raquel L., Alvey, Justin, Andrews, Ashley, Ashley, Euan A., Bacino, Carlos A., Bademci, Guney, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Baldridge, Dustin, Bale, Jim, Bamshad, Michael, Barbouth, Deborah, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Beck, Anita, Beggs, Alan H., Behrens, Edward, Bejerano, Gill, Bellen, Hugo J., Bennett, Jimmy, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Berry, Gerard T., Bican, Anna, Bivona, Stephanie, Blue, Elizabeth, Bohnsack, John, Bonner, Devon, Borja, Nicholas, Botto, Lorenzo, Briere, Lauren C., Burke, Elizabeth A., Burrage, Lindsay C., Butte, Manish J., Byers, Peter, Byrd, William E., Callaway, Kaitlin, Carey, John, Carvalho, George, Cassini, Thomas, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Chinn, Ivan, Clark, Gary D., Coakley, Terra R., Cobban, Laurel A., Cogan, Joy D., Coggins, Matthew, Cole, F. Sessions, Corner, Brian, Corona, Rosario I., Craigen, William J., Crouse, Andrew B., Cuddapah, Vishnu, Cunningham, Michael, D’Souza, Precilla, Dai, Hongzheng, Dasari, Surendra, Davis, Joie, Delgado, Margaret, Dell’Angelica, Esteban C., Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Douglas, Jessica, Douine, Emilie D., Earl, Dawn, Emrick, Lisa T., Eng, Christine M., Ezell, Kimberly, Fieg, Elizabeth L., Fisher, Paul G., Fogel, Brent L., Fu, Jiayu, Gahl, William A., Ganetzky, Rebecca, Glanton, Emily, Glass, Ian, Goddard, Page C., Gonzalez, Joanna M., Gropman, Andrea, Halley, Meghan C., Hamid, Rizwan, Hanchard, Neal, Hassey, Kelly, Hayes, Nichole, High, Frances, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Holm, Ingrid A., Hom, Jason, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Huang, Alden, Huang, Yan, Hurst, Anna, Introne, Wendy, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Marie, Orpa Jean-, Jobanputra, Vaidehi, Kaitryn, Emerald, Kanca, Oguz, Karasozen, Yigit, Ketkar, Shamika, Kiley, Dana, Kilich, Gonench, Kobren, Shilpa N., Kohane, Isaac S., Kohler, Jennefer N., Korf, Bruce, Korrick, Susan, Krakow, Deborah, Kravets, Elijah, Lalani, Seema R., Lam, Christina, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., Latchman, Kumarie, LeBlanc, Kimberly, Lee, Brendan H., Lewis, Richard A., Liu, Pengfei, Longo, Nicola, Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., Macnamara, Ellen F., MacRae, Calum A., Maduro, Valerie V., Maghiro, Audrey Stephannie, Mahoney, Rachel, Malicdan, May Christine V., Mao, Rong, Marom, Ronit, Marth, Gabor, Martin, Beth A., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., Marwaha, Shruti, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, McCray, Alexa T., Might, Matthew, Mikati, Mohamad, Miller, Danny, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Morava, Eva, Moretti, Paolo, Morimoto, Marie, Mulvihill, John J., Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Nelson, Stanley F., Neumann, Serena, Novacic, Donna, Oglesbee, Devin, Orengo, James P., Pace, Laura, Pak, Stephen, Pallais, J. Carl, Parker, Neil H., Peart, LéShon, Petcharet, Leoyklang, Phillips, John A., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Pusey Swerdzewski, Barbara N., Quinlan, Aaron, Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan, Rao, Deepak A., Raper, Anna, Raskind, Wendy, Rebelo, Adriana, Reuter, Chloe M., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Rodan, Lance H., Rodriguez, Martin, Rosenfeld, Jill A., Rosenthal, Elizabeth, Rossignol, Francis, Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sabaii, Marla, Sampson, Jacinda B., Schedl, Timothy, Schoch, Kelly, Scott, Daryl A., Seto, Elaine, Shashi, Vandana, Shelkowitz, Emily, Sheppeard, Sam, Shin, Jimann, Silverman, Edwin K., Sisco, Kathy, Skelton, Tammi, Skraban, Cara, Smith, Carson A., Smith, Kevin S., Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Solomon, Ben, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Stergachis, Andrew, Stoler, Joan M., Sullivan, Kathleen, Sutton, Shirley, Sweetser, David A., Sybert, Virginia, Tabor, Holly K., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Tan, Amelia L.M., Tarakad, Arjun, Taylor, Herman, Tekin, Mustafa, Thorson, Willa, Tifft, Cynthia J., Toro, Camilo, Tran, Alyssa A., Ungar, Rachel A., Vanderver, Adeline, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wahl, Colleen E., Walker, Melissa, Walley, Nicole M., Wambach, Jennifer, Wangler, Michael F., Ward, Patricia A., Wegner, Daniel, Hubshman, Monika Weisz, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Westerfield, Monte, Wheeler, Matthew T., Whitlock, Jordan, Wolfe, Lynne A., Wood, Heidi, Worley, Kim, Yamamoto, Shinya, Zhang, Zhe, and Zuchner, Stephan

Abstract

Can certain characteristics identify as solvable some undiagnosed patients who seek extensive evaluation and thorough record review, such as by the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN)?

Published
2024
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13. Dominant missense variants in SREBF2are associated with complex dermatological, neurological, and skeletal abnormalities

Author

Moulton, Matthew J., Atala, Kristhen, Zheng, Yiming, Dutta, Debdeep, Grange, Dorothy K., Lin, Wen-Wen, Wegner, Daniel J., Wambach, Jennifer A., Duker, Angela L., Bober, Michael B., Kratz, Lisa, Wise, Carol A., Oxendine, Ila, Khanshour, Anas, Bacino, Carlos A., Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Burrage, Lindsay C., Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Chinn, Ivan, Clark, Gary D., Craigen, William J., Dai, Hongzheng, Emrick, Lisa T., Ketkar, Shamika, Lalani, Seema R., Lee, Brendan H., Lewis, Richard A., Marom, Ronit, Orengo, James P., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Rosenfeld, Jill A., Seto, Elaine, Scott, Daryl A., Tarakad, Arjun, Tran, Alyssa A., Vogel, Tiphanie P., Hubshman, Monika Weisz, Worley, Kim, Bellen, Hugo J., Wangler, Michael F., Yamamoto, Shinya, Kanca, Oguz, Eng, Christine M., Liu, Pengfei, Ward, Patricia A., Behrens, Edward, Falk, Marni, Hassey, Kelly, Izumi, Kosuke, Kilich, Gonench, Sullivan, Kathleen, Vanderver, Adeline, Zhang, Zhe, Raper, Anna, Jobanputra, Vaidehi, Mikati, Mohamad, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, Schoch, Kelly, Shashi, Vandana, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Walley, Nicole M., Beggs, Alan H., Berry, Gerard T., Briere, Lauren C., Cobban, Laurel A., Coggins, Matthew, Fieg, Elizabeth L., High, Frances, Holm, Ingrid A., Korrick, Susan, Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., MacRae, Calum A., Pallais, J. Carl, Rao, Deepak A., Rodan, Lance H., Silverman, Edwin K., Stoler, Joan M., Sweetser, David A., Walker, Melissa, Douglas, Jessica, Glanton, Emily, Kobren, Shilpa N., Kohane, Isaac S., LeBlanc, Kimberly, Maghiro, Audrey Stephannie C., Mahoney, Rachel, McCray, Alexa T., Tan, Amelia L.M., Dasari, Surendra, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., Morava, Eva, Oglesbee, Devin, Bademci, Guney, Barbouth, Deborah, Bivona, Stephanie, Borja, Nicholas, Gonzalez, Joanna M., Latchman, Kumarie, Peart, LéShon, Rebelo, Adriana, Smith, Carson A., Tekin, Mustafa, Thorson, Willa, Zuchner, Stephan, Taylor, Herman, Colley, Heather A., Dayal, Jyoti G., Doss, Argenia L., Eckstein, David J., Hutchison, Sarah, Krasnewich, Donna M., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Urv, Tiina K., Acosta, Maria T., D'Souza, Precilla, Gropman, Andrea, Macnamara, Ellen F., Maduro, Valerie V., Mulvihill, John J., Novacic, Donna, Pusey Swerdzewski, Barbara N., Toro, Camilo, Wahl, Colleen E., Adams, David R., Afzali, Ben, Burke, Elizabeth A., Davis, Joie, Delgado, Margaret, Fu, Jiayu, Gahl, William A., Hanchard, Neil, Huang, Yan, Introne, Wendy, Jean-Marie, Orpa, Malicdan, May Christine V., Morimoto, Marie, Petcharet, Leoyklang, Rossignol, Francis, Sabaii, Marla, Solomon, Ben, Tifft, Cynthia J., Wolfe, Lynne A., Wood, Heidi, Allworth, Aimee, Bamshad, Michael, Beck, Anita, Bennett, Jimmy, Blue, Elizabeth, Byers, Peter, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Cunningham, Michael, Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Earl, Dawn, Glass, Ian, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Horike-Pyne, Martha, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Kaitryn, Emerald, Lam, Christina, Miller, Danny, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Raskind, Wendy, Rosenthal, Elizabeth, Shelkowitz, Emily, Sheppeard, Sam, Stergachis, Andrew, Sybert, Virginia, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Alvarez, Raquel L., Bejerano, Gill, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Bonner, Devon, Coakley, Terra R., Fisher, Paul G., Goddard, Page C., Halley, Meghan C., Hom, Jason, Kohler, Jennefer N., Kravets, Elijah, Martin, Beth A., Marwaha, Shruti, Reuter, Chloe M., Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sampson, Jacinda B., Smith, Kevin S., Sutton, Shirley, Tabor, Holly K., Ungar, Rachel A., Wheeler, Matthew T., Ashley, Euan A., Byrd, William E., Crouse, Andrew B., Might, Matthew, Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Whitlock, Jordan, Butte, Manish J., Corona, Rosario, Dell'Angelica, Esteban C., Dorrani, Naghmeh, Douine, Emilie D., Fogel, Brent L., Huang, Alden, Krakow, Deborah, Loo, Sandra K., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., McGee, Elisabeth, Nelson, Stanley F., Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Renteria, Genecee, Sinsheimer, Janet S., Wan, Jijun, Alvey, Justin, Andrews, Ashley, Bale, Jim, Bohnsack, John, Botto, Lorenzo, Carey, John, Longo, Nicola, Moretti, Paolo, Pace, Laura, Quinlan, Aaron, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Marth, Gabor, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Mao, Rong, Westerfield, Monte, Bican, Anna, Cassini, Thomas, Corner, Brian, Hamid, Rizwan, Neumann, Serena, Phillips, John A., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Ezell, Kimberly, Cogan, Joy D., Hayes, Nichole, Kiley, Dana, Sisco, Kathy, Wambach, Jennifer, Wegner, Daniel, Baldridge, Dustin, Cole, F. Sessions, Pak, Stephen, Schedl, Timothy, Shin, Jimann, Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Wangler, Michael F., Yamamoto, Shinya, Cole, F. Sessions, Rios, Jonathan, and Bellen, Hugo J.

Abstract

We identified 2 individuals with de novo variants in SREBF2that disrupt a conserved site 1 protease (S1P) cleavage motif required for processing SREBP2 into its mature transcription factor. These individuals exhibit complex phenotypic manifestations that partially overlap with sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP) pathway-related disease phenotypes, but SREBF2-related disease has not been previously reported. Thus, we set out to assess the effects of SREBF2variants on SREBP pathway activation.

Published
2024
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14. Loss of function of FAM177A1, a Golgi complex localized protein, causes a novel neurodevelopmental disorder

Author

Kohler, Jennefer N., Legro, Nicole R., Baldridge, Dustin, Shin, Jimann, Bowman, Angela, Ugur, Berrak, Jackstadt, Madelyn M., Shriver, Leah P., Patti, Gary J., Zhang, Bo, Feng, Wenjia, McAdow, Anthony R., Goddard, Pagé, Ungar, Rachel A., Jensen, Tanner, Smith, Kevin S., Fresard, Laure, Alvarez, Raquel, Bonner, Devon, Reuter, Chloe M., McCormack, Colleen, Kravets, Elijah, Marwaha, Shruti, Holt, James M., Acosta, Maria T., Adam, Margaret, Adams, David R., Alvarez, Raquel L., Alvey, Justin, Amendola, Laura, Andrews, Ashley, Ashley, Euan A., Bacino, Carlos A., Bademci, Guney, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Baldridge, Dustin, Bale, Jim, Bamshad, Michael, Barbouth, Deborah, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Beck, Anita, Beggs, Alan H., Behrens, Edward, Bejerano, Gill, Bellen, Hugo J., Bennett, Jimmy, Berg-Rood, Beverly, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Berry, Gerard T., Bican, Anna, Bivona, Stephanie, Blue, Elizabeth, Bohnsack, John, Bonner, Devon, Botto, Lorenzo, Boyd, Brenna, Briere, Lauren C., Burke, Elizabeth A., Burrage, Lindsay C., Butte, Manish J., Byers, Peter, Byrd, William E., Carey, John, Carrasquillo, Olveen, Cassini, Thomas, Chang, Ta Chen Peter, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Chinn, Ivan, Clark, Gary D., Coakley, Terra R., Cobban, Laurel A., Cogan, Joy D., Coggins, Matthew, Sessions Cole, F., Colley, Heather A., Cope, Heidi, Corner, Brian, Corona, Rosario, Craigen, William J., Crouse, Andrew B., Cunningham, Michael, D’Souza, Precilla, Dai, Hongzheng, Dasari, Surendra, Davis, Joie, Dayal, Jyoti G., Dell’Angelica, Esteban C., Dickson, Patricia, Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Doss, Argenia L., Douine, Emilie D., Earl, Dawn, Eckstein, David J., Emrick, Lisa T., Eng, Christine M., Ezell, Kimberly, Falk, Marni, Fieg, Elizabeth L., Fisher, Paul G., Fogel, Brent L., Forghani, Irman, Gahl, William A., Glass, Ian, Gochuico, Bernadette, Goddard, Page C., Godfrey, Rena A., Golden-Grant, Katie, Grajewski, Alana, Hadley, Don, Hahn, Sihoun, Halley, Meghan C., Hamid, Rizwan, Hassey, Kelly, Hayes, Nichole, High, Frances, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Holm, Ingrid A., Hom, Jason, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Huang, Alden, Hutchison, Sarah, Introne, Wendy, Isasi, Rosario, Izumi, Kosuke, Jamal, Fariha, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Jean-Marie, Orpa, Jobanputra, Vaidehi, Karaviti, Lefkothea, Ketkar, Shamika, Kiley, Dana, Kilich, Gonench, Kobren, Shilpa N., Kohane, Isaac S., Kohler, Jennefer N., Korrick, Susan, Kozuira, Mary, Krakow, Deborah, Krasnewich, Donna M., Kravets, Elijah, Lalani, Seema R., Lam, Byron, Lam, Christina, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., LeBlanc, Kimberly, Lee, Brendan H., Levitt, Roy, Lewis, Richard A., Liu, Pengfei, Liu, Xue Zhong, Longo, Nicola, Loo, Sandra K., Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., Macnamara, Ellen F., MacRae, Calum A., Maduro, Valerie V., Maghiro, AudreyStephannie, Mahoney, Rachel, Malicdan, May Christine V., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Mao, Rong, Maravilla, Kenneth, Marom, Ronit, Marth, Gabor, Martin, Beth A., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., Marwaha, Shruti, McCauley, Jacob, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, McCray, Alexa T., McGee, Elisabeth, Mefford, Heather, Lawrence Merritt, J., Might, Matthew, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Morava, Eva, Moretti, Paolo, Mulvihill, John, Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Nelson, Stanley F., Neumann, Serena, Newman, John H., Nicholas, Sarah K., Nickerson, Deborah, Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Novacic, Donna, Oglesbee, Devin, Orengo, James P., Pace, Laura, Pak, Stephen, Carl Pallais, J., Palmer, Christina G.S., Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Phillips, John A., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Pusey Swerdzewski, Barbara N., Quinlan, Aaron, Rao, Deepak A., Raper, Anna, Raskind, Wendy, Renteria, Genecee, Reuter, Chloe M., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Rodan, Lance H., Rosenfeld, Jill A., Rosenwasser, Natalie, Rossignol, Francis, Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sacco, Ralph, Sampson, Jacinda B., Saporta, Mario, Schaechter, Judy, Schedl, Timothy, Schoch, Kelly, Scott, Daryl A., Ron Scott, C., Seto, Elaine, Shashi, Vandana, Shin, Jimann, Silverman, Edwin K., Sinsheimer, Janet S., Sisco, Kathy, Smith, Edward C., Smith, Kevin S., Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Solomon, Ben, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Stoler, Joan M., Sullivan, Kathleen, Sullivan, Jennifer A., Sun, Angela, Sutton, Shirley, Sweetser, David A., Sybert, Virginia, Tabor, Holly K., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Tan, Amelia L.M., Tarakad, Arjun, Tekin, Mustafa, Telischi, Fred, Thorson, Willa, Tifft, Cynthia J., Toro, Camilo, Tran, Alyssa A., Ungar, Rachel A., Urv, Tiina K., Vanderver, Adeline, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wahl, Colleen E., Walker, Melissa, Wallace, Stephanie, Walley, Nicole M., Wambach, Jennifer, Wan, Jijun, Wangler, Michael F., Ward, Patricia A., Wegner, Daniel, Hubshman, Monika Weisz, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Westerfield, Monte, Wheeler, Matthew T., Whitlock, Jordan, Wolfe, Lynne A., Worley, Kim, Xiao, Changrui, Yamamoto, Shinya, Yang, John, Zhang, Zhe, Zuchner, Stephan, Worthey, Elizabeth A., Ashley, Euan A., Montgomery, Stephen B., Fisher, Paul G., Postlethwait, John, De Camilli, Pietro, Solnica-Krezel, Lila, Bernstein, Jonathan A., and Wheeler, Matthew T.

Abstract

The function of FAM177A1and its relationship to human disease is largely unknown. Recent studies have demonstrated FAM177A1to be a critical immune-associated gene. One previous case study has linked FAM177A1to a neurodevelopmental disorder in 4 siblings.

Published
2024
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15. Renal complications in patients with predominantly antibody deficiency in the United States Immune Deficiency Network (USIDNET).

Author

Materne, Emma, Zhou, Baijun, DiGiacomo, Daniel, Farmer, Jocelyn R., Fuleihan, Ramsay, Sullivan, Kathleen E., Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte, Ballas, Zuhair K., Suez, Daniel, and Barmettler, Sara

Abstract

Prior studies have reported that renal insufficiency occurs in a small percentage of patients with predominantly antibody deficiency (PAD) and in about 2% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency. The goal of our study was to understand and evaluate the prevalence and type of renal complications in patients with PAD in the United States Immunodeficiency Network (USIDNET) cohort. We hypothesized that there is an association between certain renal complications and severity of immunophenotype in patients with PAD. We performed a query of patients with PAD from the USIDNET cohort with renal complications. Patients with documented renal disease such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), nephrolithiasis, nephritis, and renal failure syndrome were included. We compared immunophenotype, flow cytometry findings, and immunoglobulin levels of patients with PAD accompanied by renal complications with those of the total USIDNET cohort of patients with PAD. We determined that 140 of 2071 patients with PAD (6.8%) had renal complications. Of these 140 patients, 50 (35.7%) had CKD, 46 (32.9%) had nephrolithiasis, 18 (12.9 %) had nephritis, and 50 (35.7%) had other renal complications. Compared with the total USIDNET cohort of patients with PAD, patients with CKD had lower absolute lymphocyte counts, CD3+ T-cell counts, CD4+ T-cell counts, CD19+ B-cell counts, CD20+ B-cell counts, and CD27+IgD– B-cell counts (P <.05 for all). Patients with nephritis had lower absolute lymphocyte counts, CD19+ B-cell counts, CD27+ B-cell counts, and IgE levels (P <.05 for all) than patients with PAD without renal disease. We determined that 6.8% of the USIDNET cohort of patients with PAD had a documented renal complication. Compared with the overall cohort of patients with PAD, those patients with nephritis and CKD had a more severe immunophenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Sailors, Crimps, and Commerce: Laws Protecting Seamen, 1866–1884

Author

SULLIVAN, KATHLEEN

Abstract

AbstractNineteenth-century seamen were subject to exploitation by boardinghouse keepers who recouped seamen’s debt by pocketing their advance wages from a future voyage. New York’s 1866 Act for the Better Protection of Seamen, the U.S. Shipping Commissioners Act of 1872, and the 1884 Dingley Act all purported to respond to this practice of “crimping,” but each of these acts simply allowed for new arrangements that continued to exact money from seamen. Even when corruption or collusion operated and were publicly known, such practices were tolerated because they continued to provide a steady supply of maritime labor, which promoted maritime commerce. This article considers the misleading political development of this legislation in the context of the early years of spoils reform.

Published
2022
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17. Sailors, Crimps, and Commerce: Laws Protecting Seamen, 1866–1884

Author

Sullivan, Kathleen

Abstract

Abstract:Nineteenth-century seamen were subject to exploitation by boardinghouse keepers who recouped seamen’s debt by pocketing their advance wages from a future voyage. New York’s 1866 Act for the Better Protection of Seamen, the U.S. Shipping Commissioners Act of 1872, and the 1884 Dingley Act all purported to respond to this practice of “crimping,” but each of these acts simply allowed for new arrangements that continued to exact money from seamen. Even when corruption or collusion operated and were publicly known, such practices were tolerated because they continued to provide a steady supply of maritime labor, which promoted maritime commerce. This article considers the misleading political development of this legislation in the context of the early years of spoils reform.

Published
2022

18. Distinct immune trajectories in patients with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and immune-mediated diseases.

Author

Crowley, T. Blaine, Campbell, Ian M., Liebling, Emily J., Lambert, Michele P., Levitt Katz, Lorraine E., Heimall, Jennifer, Bailey, Alice, McGinn, Daniel E., McDonald McGinn, Donna M., and Sullivan, Kathleen E.

Abstract

Identification of biomarkers associated with immune-mediated diseases in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is an evolving field. We sought to use a carefully phenotyped cohort to study immune parameters associated with autoimmunity and atopy in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome to define biomarkers associated with immune-mediated disease in this syndrome. Chart review validated autoimmune disease and atopic condition diagnoses. Laboratory data were extracted for each subcohort and plotted according to age. A random-effects model was used to define statistical significance. CD19, CD4, and CD4/45RA lymphocyte populations were not different from the general cohort for patients with atopic conditions. CD4/45RA T cells were significantly lower in the subjects with immune thrombocytopenia compared with the general cohort, and CD4 T-cell counts were lower in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. The mechanisms of autoimmunity in cytopenias may be distinct from those of solid-organ autoimmunity in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. This study identifies potential biomarkers for risk stratification among commonly obtained laboratory studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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19. Molecular diagnosis of childhood immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, and enteropathy, and implications for clinical management.

Author

Baxter, Sarah K., Walsh, Tom, Casadei, Silvia, Eckert, Mary M., Allenspach, Eric J., Hagin, David, Segundo, Gesmar, Lee, Ming K., Gulsuner, Suleyman, Shirts, Brian H., Sullivan, Kathleen E., Keller, Michael D., Torgerson, Troy R., and King, Mary-Claire

Abstract

Most patients with childhood-onset immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, and enteropathy have no genetic diagnosis for their illness. These patients may undergo empirical immunosuppressive treatment with highly variable outcomes. We sought to determine the genetic basis of disease in patients referred with Immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked–like (IPEX-like) disease, but with no mutation in FOXP3 ; then to assess consequences of genetic diagnoses for clinical management. Genomic DNA was sequenced using a panel of 462 genes implicated in inborn errors of immunity. Candidate mutations were characterized by genomic, transcriptional, and (for some) protein analysis. Of 123 patients with FOXP3 -negative IPEX-like disease, 48 (39%) carried damaging germline mutations in 1 of the following 27 genes: AIRE , BACH2 , BCL11B , CARD11 , CARD14 , CTLA4 , IRF2BP2 , ITCH , JAK1 , KMT2D , LRBA , MYO5B , NFKB1 , NLRC4 , POLA1 , POMP , RAG1 , SH2D1A , SKIV2L , STAT1 , STAT3 , TNFAIP3 , TNFRSF6/FAS , TNRSF13B/TACI , TOM1 , TTC37 , and XIAP. Many of these genes had not been previously associated with an IPEX-like diagnosis. For 42 of the 48 patients with genetic diagnoses, knowing the critical gene could have altered therapeutic management, including recommendations for targeted treatments and for or against hematopoietic cell transplantation. Many childhood disorders now bundled as "IPEX-like" disease are caused by individually rare, severe mutations in immune regulation genes. Most genetic diagnoses of these conditions yield clinically actionable findings. Barriers are lack of testing or lack of repeat testing if older technologies failed to provide a diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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20. Variants in STXBP3 are Associated with Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Immune Dysregulation.

Author

Ouahed, Jodie, Kelsen, Judith R, Spessott, Waldo A, Kooshesh, Kameron, Sanmillan, Maria L, Dawany, Noor, Sullivan, Kathleen E, Hamilton, Kathryn E, Slowik, Voytek, Nejentsev, Sergey, Neves, João Farela, Flores, Helena, Chung, Wendy K, Wilson, Ashley, Anyane-Yeboa, Kwame, Wou, Karen, Jain, Preti, Field, Michael, Tollefson, Sophia, and Dent, Maiah H

Abstract

Background and Aims Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease [VEOIBD] is characterized by intestinal inflammation affecting infants and children less than 6 years of age. To date, over 60 monogenic aetiologies of VEOIBD have been identified, many characterized by highly penetrant recessive or dominant variants in underlying immune and/or epithelial pathways. We sought to identify the genetic cause of VEOIBD in a subset of patients with a unique clinical presentation. Methods Whole exome sequencing was performed on five families with ten patients who presented with a similar constellation of symptoms including medically refractory infantile-onset IBD, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and, in the majority, recurrent infections. Genetic aetiologies of VEOIBD were assessed and Sanger sequencing was performed to confirm novel genetic findings. Western analysis on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and functional studies with epithelial cell lines were employed. Results In each of the ten patients, we identified damaging heterozygous or biallelic variants in the Syntaxin-Binding Protein 3 gene [ STXBP3 ], a protein known to regulate intracellular vesicular trafficking in the syntaxin-binding protein family of molecules, but not associated to date with either VEOIBD or sensorineural hearing loss. These mutations interfere with either intron splicing or protein stability and lead to reduced STXBP3 protein expression. Knock-down of STXBP3 in CaCo2 cells resulted in defects in cell polarity. Conclusion Overall, we describe a novel genetic syndrome and identify a critical role for STXBP3 in VEOIBD, sensorineural hearing loss and immune dysregulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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21. A novel DPH5-related diphthamide-deficiency syndrome causing embryonic lethality or profound neurodevelopmental disorder

Author

Shankar, Suma P., Grimsrud, Kristin, Lanoue, Louise, Egense, Alena, Willis, Brandon, Hörberg, Johanna, AlAbdi, Lama, Mayer, Klaus, Ütkür, Koray, Monaghan, Kristin G., Krier, Joel, Stoler, Joan, Alnemer, Maha, Shankar, Prabhu R., Schaffrath, Raffael, Alkuraya, Fowzan S., Brinkmann, Ulrich, Eriksson, Leif A., Lloyd, Kent, Rauen, Katherine A., Acosta, Maria T., Adam, Margaret, Adams, David R., Alvey, Justin, Amendola, Laura, Andrews, Ashley, Ashley, Euan A., Azamian, Mahshid S., Bacino, Carlos A., Bademci, Guney, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Baldridge, Dustin, Bale, Jim, Bamshad, Michael, Barbouth, Deborah, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Beck, Anita, Beggs, Alan H., Behrens, Edward, Bejerano, Gill, Bennet, Jimmy, Berg-Rood, Beverly, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Berry, Gerard T., Bican, Anna, Bivona, Stephanie, Blue, Elizabeth, Bohnsack, John, Bonner, Devon, Botto, Lorenzo, Boyd, Brenna, Briere, Lauren C., Brokamp, Elly, Brown, Gabrielle, Burke, Elizabeth A., Burrage, Lindsay C., Butte, Manish J., Byers, Peter, Byrd, William E., Carey, John, Carrasquillo, Olveen, Cassini, Thomas, Peter Chang, Ta Chen, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Clark, Gary D., Coakley, Terra R., Cobban, Laurel A., Cogan, Joy D., Coggins, Matthew, Cole, F. Sessions, Colley, Heather A., Cooper, Cynthia M., Cope, Heidi, Craigen, William J., Crouse, Andrew B., Cunningham, Michael, D'Souza, Precilla, Dai, Hongzheng, Dasari, Surendra, Davis, Joie, Dayal, Jyoti G., Deardorff, Matthew, Dell'Angelica, Esteban C., Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Doss, Argenia L., Douine, Emilie D., Duncan, Laura, Earl, Dawn, Eckstein, David J., Emrick, Lisa T., Eng, Christine M., Esteves, Cecilia, Falk, Marni, Fernandez, Liliana, Fieg, Elizabeth L., Fisher, Paul G., Fogel, Brent L., Forghani, Irman, Gahl, William A., Glass, Ian, Gochuico, Bernadette, Godfrey, Rena A., Golden-Grant, Katie, Goldrich, Madison P., Grajewski, Alana, Gutierrez, Irma, Hadley, Don, Hahn, Sihoun, Hamid, Rizwan, Hassey, Kelly, Hayes, Nichole, High, Frances, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Holm, Ingrid A., Hom, Jason, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Huang, Alden, Huang, Yong, Introne, Wendy, Isasi, Rosario, Izumi, Kosuke, Jamal, Fariha, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Jean-Marie, Orpa, Jobanputra, Vaidehi, Karaviti, Lefkothea, Kennedy, Jennifer, Ketkar, Shamika, Kiley, Dana, Kilich, Gonench, Kobren, Shilpa N., Kohane, Isaac S., Kohler, Jennefer N., Krakow, Deborah, Krasnewich, Donna M., Kravets, Elijah, Korrick, Susan, Koziura, Mary, Lalani, Seema R., Lam, Byron, Lam, Christina, LaMoure, Grace L., Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., LeBlanc, Kimberly, Lee, Brendan H., Levitt, Roy, Lewis, Richard A., Liu, Pengfei, Liu, Xue Zhong, Longo, Nicola, Loo, Sandra K., Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., Macnamara, Ellen F., MacRae, Calum A., Maduro, Valerie V., Mak, Bryan C., Malicdan, May Christine V., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Mao, Rong, Maravilla, Kenneth, Marom, Ronit, Marth, Gabor, Martin, Beth A., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., Marwaha, Shruti, McCauley, Jacob, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, McCray, Alexa T., McGee, Elisabeth, Mefford, Heather, Merritt, J. Lawrence, Might, Matthew, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Morava, Eva, Moretti, Paolo M., Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Nelson, Stan F., Newman, John H., Nicholas, Sarah K., Nickerson, Deborah, Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Novacic, Donna, Oglesbee, Devin, Orengo, James P., Pace, Laura, Pak, Stephen, Pallais, J. Carl, Palmer, Christina G.S., Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Phillips, John A., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Pusey, Barbara N., Quinlan, Aaron, Raskind, Wendy, Raja, Archana N., Rao, Deepak A., Raper, Anna, Renteria, Genecee, Reuter, Chloe M., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Rodan, Lance H., Rosenfeld, Jill A., Rosenwasser, Natalie, Rossignol, Francis, Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sacco, Ralph, Sampson, Jacinda B., Saporta, Mario, Scott, C. Ron, Schaechter, Judy, Schedl, Timothy, Schoch, Kelly, Scott, Daryl A., Shashi, Vandana, Shin, Jimann, Silverman, Edwin K., Sinsheimer, Janet S., Sisco, Kathy, Smith, Edward C., Smith, Kevin S., Solem, Emily, Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Solomon, Ben, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Stoler, Joan M., Sullivan, Jennifer A., Sullivan, Kathleen, Sun, Angela, Sutton, Shirley, Sweetser, David A., Sybert, Virginia, Tabor, Holly K., Tan, Amelia L.M., Queenie, K.-G., Tan, Tekin, Mustafa, Telischi, Fred, Thorson, Willa, Tifft, Cynthia J., Toro, Camilo, Tran, Alyssa A., Tucker, Brianna M., Urv, Tiina K., Vanderver, Adeline, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wahl, Colleen E., Wallace, Stephanie, Walley, Nicole M., Walker, Melissa, Wambach, Jennifer, Wan, Jijun, Wang, Lee-kai, Wangler, Michael F., Ward, Patricia A., Wegner, Daniel, Weisz-Hubshman, Monika, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Perry, Katherine Wesseling, Westerfield, Monte, Wheeler, Matthew T., Whitlock, Jordan, Wolfe, Lynne A., Worley, Kim, Xiao, Changrui, Yamamoto, Shinya, Yang, John, Zastrow, Diane B., Zhang, Zhe, Zhao, Chunli, Zuchner, Stephan, Bellen, Hugo, and Mahoney, Rachel

Abstract

Diphthamide is a post-translationally modified histidine essential for messenger RNA translation and ribosomal protein synthesis. We present evidence for DPH5as a novel cause of embryonic lethality and profound neurodevelopmental delays (NDDs).

Published
2022
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22. Recommendations and Action Plans to Improve Ex Situ Nutrition and Health of Marine Teleosts

Author

Williams, Scott, Stoskopf, Michael, Francis‐Floyd, Ruth, Koutsos, Liz, Dierenfeld, Ellen, Harmon, Todd, Cicotello, Eileen, German, Donovan, Semmen, Kent, Keaffaber, Jeffery, Olea‐Popelka, Francisco, Livingston, Shannon, Sullivan, Kathleen, and Valdes, Eduardo

Abstract

The International Workshop for Ex‐Situ Marine Teleost Nutrition and Health, hosted by Disney's Animals, Science and Environment in conjunction with the Comparative Nutrition Society, brought together over 50 animal experts and scientists representing 20 institutions to review current science and identify challenges of marine teleost nutrition and health. Invited speakers presented critical information and current research topics for areas of emphasis and expertise. Subject matter experts identified knowledge gaps and primary areas of focus to guide the scientific community's research efforts to improve the care of ex situ marine teleosts. The clinical medicine working group highlighted standardized approaches to ante‐ and postmortem sample collection, diet biosecurity and supplementation, advanced diagnostic methods, and expanded training in fish nutrition. Nutrition identified the creation of a husbandry and feeding management manual, comprehensive feeding program review and design, and specialty feeder/life stage nutrition as areas of focus, while animal husbandry focused on body condition scoring, feed delivery techniques, and behavioral husbandry topics. The physiology and chemistry and water quality working groups discussed components of the aquatic environment and their effects on fish health, including organic matter constituents, microbial diversity, disinfection, and managing microbiota. Finally, we reviewed how epidemiological approaches and considerations can improve our evaluation of aquarium teleost nutrition and health. The goals outlined by each working group and supporting literature discussion are detailed in this communication and represent our goals for the next 3 to 5 years, with the ultimate objective of the workshop being the production of a husbandry manual for marine teleost nutrition and health. Any scientists who feel that their experience, research, or interests align with these goals are invited to participate by contacting the authors.

Published
2022
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23. Association of Persistent Rubella Virus With Idiopathic Skin Granulomas in Clinically Immunocompetent Adults

Author

Wanat, Karolyn A., Perelygina, Ludmila, Chen, Min-hsin, Hao, LiJuan, Abernathy, Emily, Bender, Nicole R., Shields, Bridget E., Wilson, Barbara D., Crosby, David, Routes, John, Samimi, Sara S., Haun, Paul L., Sokumbi, Olayemi, Icenogle, Joseph P., Sullivan, Kathleen E., Rosenbach, Misha, and Drolet, Beth A.

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Vaccine-derived and wild-type rubella virus (RuV) has been identified within granulomas in patients with inborn errors of immunity, but has not been described in granulomas of healthy adults. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between RuV and atypical granulomatous inflammation in immune-competent adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This case series, conducted in US academic dermatology clinics from January 2019 to January 2021, investigated the presence of RuV in skin specimens using RuV immunofluorescent staining of paraffin-embedded tissue sections, real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, whole-genome sequencing with phylogenetic analyses, and cell culture by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Rubella immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunoassay, and viral neutralization assays were performed for the sera of immunocompetent individuals with treatment refractory cutaneous granulomas and histopathology demonstrating atypical palisaded and necrotizing granulomas. Clinical immune evaluation was performed. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Identification, genotyping, and culture of vaccine-derived and wild-type RuV within granulomatous dermatitis of otherwise clinically immune competent adults. RESULTS: Of the 4 total immunocompetent participants, 3 (75%) were women, and the mean (range) age was 61.5 (49.0-73.0) years. The RuV capsid protein was detected by immunohistochemistry in cutaneous granulomas. The presence of RuV RNA was confirmed by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction in fresh-frozen skin biopsies and whole-genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of the RuV sequences showed vaccine-derived RuV in 3 cases and wild-type RuV in 1. Live RuV was recovered from the affected skin in 2 participants. Immunology workup results demonstrated no primary immune deficiencies. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The case series study results suggest that RuV (vaccine derived and wild type) can persist for years in cutaneous granulomas in clinically immunocompetent adults and is associated with atypical (palisaded and necrotizing type) chronic cutaneous granulomas. These findings represent a potential paradigm shift in the evaluation, workup, and management of atypical granulomatous dermatitis and raises questions regarding the potential transmissibility of persistent live RuV.

Published
2022
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24. Loss-of-function in RBBP5results in a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder associated with microcephaly

Author

Huang, Yue, Jay, Kristy L., Yen-Wen Huang, Alden, Wan, Jijun, Jangam, Sharayu V., Chorin, Odelia, Rothschild, Annick, Barel, Ortal, Mariani, Milena, Iascone, Maria, Xue, Han, Acosta, Maria T., Adams, David R., Raquel, Alvarez, L., Alvey, Justin, Allworth, Aimee, Andrews, Ashley, Ashley, Euan A., Bacino, Carlos A., Bademci, Guney, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Baldridge, Dustin, Bale, Jim, Bamshad, Michael, Barbouth, Deborah, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Beck, Anita, Beggs, Alan H., Behrens, Edward, Bejerano, Gill, Bellen, Hugo J., Bennett, Jimmy, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Berry, Gerard T., Bican, Anna, Bivona, Stephanie, Blue, Elizabeth, Bohnsack, John, Bonner, Devon, Botto, Lorenzo, Briere, Lauren C., Brown, Gabrielle, Burke, Elizabeth A., Burrage, Lindsay C., Butte, Manish J., Byers, Peter, Byrd, William E., Carey, John, Carrasquillo, Olveen, Carvhalo Neto, George D., Cassini, Thomas, Peter Chang, Ta Chen, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Chinn, Ivan, Clark, Gary D., Coakley, Terra R., Cobban, Laurel A., Cogan, Joy D., Coggins, Matthew, Cole, F. Sessions, Colley, Heather A., Cope, Heidi, Corona, Rosario, Craigen, William J., Crouse, Andrew B., Cunningham, Michael, D’Souza, Precilla, Dai, Hongzheng, Dasari, Surendra, Davis, Joie, Dayal, Jyoti G., Dell'Angelica, Esteban C., Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Doss, Argenia L., Douine, Emilie D., Earl, Dawn, Eckstein, David J., Emrick, Lisa T., Eng, Christine M., Falk, Marni, Fieg, Elizabeth L., Fisher, Paul G., Fogel, Brent L., Forghani, Irman, Gahl, William A., Glass, Ian, Gochuico, Bernadette, Goddard, Page C., Godfrey, Rena A., Grajewski, Alana, Hadley, Don, Halley, Meghan C., Hamid, Rizwan, Hassey, Kelly, Hayes, Nichole, High, Frances, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Holm, Ingrid A., Hom, Jason, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Huang, Alden, Hutchison, Sarah, Introne, Wendy, Isasi, Rosario, Izumi, Kosuke, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Jean-Marie, Orpa, Jobanputra, Vaidehi, Kaitryn, Emerald, Ketkar, Shamika, Kiley, Dana, Kilich, Gonench, Kobren, Shilpa N., Kohane, Isaac S., Kohler, Jennefer N., Korrick, Susan, Krakow, Deborah, Krasnewich, Donna M., Kravets, Elijah, Lalani, Seema R., Lam, Byron, Lam, Christina, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., LeBlanc, Kimberly, Lee, Brendan H., Levitt, Roy, Lewis, Richard A., Liu, Pengfei, Liu, Xue Zhong, Longo, Nicola, Loo, Sandra K., Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., Macnamara, Ellen F., MacRae, Calum A., Maduro, Valerie V., Maghiro, Audrey Stephannie, Mahoney, Rachel, Malicdan, May Christine V., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Mao, Rong, Marom, Ronit, Marth, Gabor, Martin, Beth A., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., Marwaha, Shruti, McCauley, Jacob, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, McCray, Alexa T., McGee, Elisabeth, Might, Matthew, Miller, Danny, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Moore, Ryan M., Morava, Eva, Moretti, Paolo, Mulvihill, John J., Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Nelson, Stanley F., Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Novacic, Donna, Oglesbee, Devin, Orengo, James P., Pace, Laura, Pak, Stephen, Pallais, J. Carl, Palmer, Christina G.S., Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Phillips, John A., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Pusey Swerdzewski, Barbara N., Quinlan, Aaron, Rao, Deepak A., Raper, Anna, Raskind, Wendy, Renteria, Genecee, Reuter, Chloe M., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Rodan, Lance H., Rosenfeld, Jill A., Rosenthal, Elizabeth, Rossignol, Francis, Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sacco, Ralph, Sampson, Jacinda B., Saporta, Mario, Schaechter, Judy, Schedl, Timothy, Schoch, Kelly, Scott, Daryl A., Seto, Elaine, Shashi, Vandana, Shelkowitz, Emily, Sheppeard, Sam, Shin, Jimann, Silverman, Edwin K., Sinsheimer, Janet S., Sisco, Kathy, Smith, Edward C., Smith, Kevin S., Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Solomon, Ben, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Stergachis, Andrew, Stoler, Joan M., Sullivan, Kathleen, Sullivan, Jennifer A., Sutton, Shirley, Sweetser, David A., Sybert, Virginia, Tabor, Holly K., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Tan, Amelia L.M., Tarakad, Arjun, Tekin, Mustafa, Telischi, Fred, Thorson, Willa, Tifft, Cynthia J., Toro, Camilo, Tran, Alyssa A., Ungar, Rachel A., Urv, Tiina K., Vanderver, Adeline, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wahl, Colleen E., Walker, Melissa, Walley, Nicole M., Wambach, Jennifer, Wan, Jijun, Wang, Lee-kai, Wangler, Michael F., Ward, Patricia A., Wegner, Daniel, Hubshman, Monika Weisz, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Westerfield, Monte, Wheeler, Matthew T., Whitlock, Jordan, Wolfe, Lynne A., Worley, Kim, Xiao, Changrui, Yamamoto, Shinya, Yang, John, Zhang, Zhe, Zuchner, Stephan, Huang, Jing, Mignot, Cyril, Keren, Boris, Saillour, Virginie, Mah-Som, Annelise Y., Sacharow, Stephanie, Rajabi, Farrah, Costin, Carrie, Yamamoto, Shinya, Kanca, Oguz, Bellen, Hugo J., Rosenfeld, Jill A., Palmer, Christina G.S., Nelson, Stanley F., Wangler, Michael F., and Martinez-Agosto, Julian A.

Abstract

Epigenetic dysregulation has been associated with many inherited disorders. RBBP5(HGNC:9888) encodes a core member of the protein complex that methylates histone 3 lysine-4 and has not been implicated in human disease.

Published
2024
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25. Event Free Survival in Severe Combined Immune Deficiency (SCID) Infants after Conditioned Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation (UCBT) Benefits from Omitting Serotherapy

Author

Martinez, Caridad, Logan, Brent, Liu, Xuerong, Dvorak, Christopher C., Madden, Lisa, Molinari, Lyndsay, Cowan, Morton J., Pai, Sung-Yun, Haddad, Elie, Puck, Jennifer, Kohn, Donald B., Griffith, Linda M., Pulsipher, Michael, Leiding, Jennifer W., Notarangelo, Luigi D., Torgerson, Troy, Marsh, Rebecca A., Cuvelier, Geoff D.E., Prockop, Susan, Buckley, Rebecca H., Kuo, Caroline Y., Yip, Alison, Hershfield, Michael S., Parrott, Roberta E, Ebens, Christen L., Moore, Theodore B., O’Reilly, Richard J., Kapadia, Malika, Kapoor, Neena, Satter, Lisa Forbes, Burroughs, Lauri M., Petrovic, Aleksandra, Thakar, Monica S., Chellapandian, Deepak, Heimall, Jennifer R., Shyr, David C., Bednarski, Jeffrey J, Rayes, Ahmad, Chandrakasan, Shanmuganathan, Quigg, Troy C., Davila, Blachy J, DeSantes, Kenneth, Eissa, Hesham, Goldman, Frederick, Rozmus, Jacob, Shah, Ami J, Lugt, Mark Vander, Keller, Michael D., Sullivan, Kathleen E., Jyonouchi, Soma, Seroogy, Christine, Decaluwe, Helene, Teira, Pierre, Knutsen, Alan P., Kletzel, Morris, Aquino, Victor, Davis, Jeffrey H, and Szabolcs, Paul

Published
2023
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26. Preoperative Evaluation of Refugee Children With Heart Disease

Author

Drake, Rebecca E., Sullivan, Kathleen E., Tai, Emily C.L., and Gandhi, Sanjiv K.

Abstract

The objective of this report is to identify nutritional deficiencies and health concerns in Canadian paediatric refugee patients with heart disease before cardiac surgery. A retrospective case study was conducted with 4 refugee children, aged 0-18 years, with heart disease referred to Cardiac Surgery. A total of 75% of patients had low vitamin D levels, 50% had selenium deficiency, 50% had iron deficiency anaemia, 75% were below the third percentile for height and weight for age, and 75% had dental caries. Early laboratory, nutritional, and dental screening of paediatric refugee patients at the time of heart disease diagnosis can optimize general and cardiovascular health before surgical intervention.

Published
2022
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29. Heterozygous loss-of-function variants significantly expand the phenotypes associated with loss of GDF11

Author

Ravenscroft, Thomas A., Phillips, Jennifer B., Fieg, Elizabeth, Bajikar, Sameer S., Peirce, Judy, Wegner, Jeremy, Luna, Alia A., Fox, Eric J., Yan, Yi-Lin, Rosenfeld, Jill A., Zirin, Jonathan, Kanca, Oguz, Acosta, Maria T., Adam, Margaret, Adams, David R., Agrawal, Pankaj B., Alejandro, Mercedes E., Alvey, Justin, Amendola, Laura, Andrews, Ashley, Ashley, Euan A., Azamian, Mahshid S., Bacino, Carlos A., Bademci, Guney, Baker, Eva, Balasubramanya, Ashok, Baldridge, Dustin, Bale, Jim, Bamshad, Michael, Barbouth, Deborah, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Beck, Anita, Beggs, Alan H., Behrens, Edward, Bejerano, Gill, Bennet, Jimmy, Berg-Rood, Beverly, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Berry, Gerard T., Bican, Anna, Bivona, Stephanie, Blue, Elizabeth, Bohnsack, John, Bonnenmann, Carsten, Bonner, Devon, Botto, Lorenzo, Boyd, Brenna, Briere, Lauren C., Brokamp, Elly, Brown, Gabrielle, Burke, Elizabeth A., Burrage, Lindsay C., Butte, Manish J., Byers, Peter, Byrd, William E., Carey, John, Carrasquillo, Olveen, Chang, Ta Chen Peter, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Clark, Gary D., Coakley, Terra R., Cobban, Laurel A., Cogan, Joy D., Coggins, Matthew, Cole, F. Sessions, Colley, Heather A., Cooper, Cynthia M., Cope, Heidi, Craigen, William J., Crouse, Andrew B., Cunningham, Michael, D’Souza, Precilla, Dai, Hongzheng, Dasari, Surendra, Davis, Joie, Dayal, Jyoti G., Deardorff, Matthew, Dell’Angelica, Esteban C., Dhar, Shweta U., Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Doss, Argenia L., Douine, Emilie D., Draper, David D., Duncan, Laura, Earl, Dawn, Eckstein, David J., Emrick, Lisa T., Eng, Christine M., Esteves, Cecilia, Falk, Marni, Fernandez, Liliana, Ferreira, Carlos, Fieg, Elizabeth L., Findley, Laurie C., Fisher, Paul G., Fogel, Brent L., Forghani, Irman, Fresard, Laure, Gahl, William A., Glass, Ian, Gochuico, Bernadette, Godfrey, Rena A., Golden-Grant, Katie, Goldman, Alica M., Goldrich, Madison P., Goldstein, David B., Grajewski, Alana, Groden, Catherine A., Gutierrez, Irma, Hahn, Sihoun, Hamid, Rizwan, Hanchard, Neil A., Hassey, Kelly, Hayes, Nichole, High, Frances, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Holm, Ingrid A., Hom, Jason, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Huang, Alden, Huang, Yong, Huryn, Laryssa, Isasi, Rosario, Jamal, Fariha, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Karaviti, Lefkothea, Kennedy, Jennifer, Kiley, Dana, Kohane, Isaac S., Kohler, Jennefer N., Krakow, Deborah, Krasnewich, Donna M., Kravets, Elijah, Korrick, Susan, Koziura, Mary, Krier, Joel B., Lalani, Seema R., Lam, Byron, Lam, Christina, LaMoure, Grace L., Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., Latham, Lea, LeBlanc, Kimberly, Lee, Brendan H., Lee, Hane, Levitt, Roy, Lewis, Richard A., Lincoln, Sharyn A., Liu, Pengfei, Liu, Xue Zhong, Longo, Nicola, Loo, Sandra K., Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., MacDowall, John, Macnamara, Ellen F., MacRae, Calum A., Maduro, Valerie V., Majcherska, Marta M., Mak, Bryan C., Malicdan, May Christine V., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Mao, Rong, Maravilla, Kenneth, Markello, Thomas C., Marom, Ronit, Marth, Gabor, Martin, Beth A., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., Marwaha, Shruti, McCauley, Jacob, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, McCormack, Colleen E., McCray, Alexa T., McGee, Elisabeth, Mefford, Heather, Merritt, J. Lawrence, Might, Matthew, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Morava, Eva, Moretti, Paolo, Moretti, Paolo M., Mosbrook-Davis, Deborah, Mulvihill, John J., Murdock, David R., Nagy, Anna, Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Nath, Avi, Nelson, Stan F., Newman, John H., Nicholas, Sarah K., Nickerson, Deborah, Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Novacic, Donna, Oglesbee, Devin, Orengo, James P., Pace, Laura, Pak, Stephen, Pallais, J. Carl, Palmer, Christina GS., Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Phillips, John A., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Power, Bradley, Pusey, Barbara N., Quinlan, Aaron, Raskind, Wendy, Raja, Archana N., Rao, Deepak A., Renteria, Genecee, Reuter, Chloe M., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Rodan, Lance H., Rosenfeld, Jill A., Rosenwasser, Natalie, Rossignol, Francis, Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sacco, Ralph, Sampson, Jacinda B., Samson, Susan L., Saporta, Mario, Scott, C. Ron, Schaechter, Judy, Schedl, Timothy, Schoch, Kelly, Scott, Daryl A., Shashi, Vandana, Shin, Jimann, Signer, Rebecca, Silverman, Edwin K., Sinsheimer, Janet S., Sisco, Kathy, Smith, Edward C., Smith, Kevin S., Solem, Emily, Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Solomon, Ben, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Stoler, Joan M., Sullivan, Jennifer A., Sullivan, Kathleen, Sun, Angela, Sutton, Shirley, Sweetser, David A., Sybert, Virginia, Tabor, Holly K., Tan, Amelia L.M., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Tekin, Mustafa, Telischi, Fred, Thorson, Willa, Thurm, Audrey, Tifft, Cynthia J., Toro, Camilo, Tran, Alyssa A., Tucker, Brianna M., Urv, Tiina K., Vanderver, Adeline, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wahl, Colleen E., Wallace, Stephanie, Walley, Nicole M., Walsh, Chris A., Walker, Melissa, Wambach, Jennifer, Wan, Jijun, Wang, Lee-kai, Wangler, Michael F., Ward, Patricia A., Wegner, Daniel, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Perry, Katherine Wesseling, Westerfield, Monte, Wheeler, Matthew T., Whitlock, Jordan, Wolfe, Lynne A., Woods, Jeremy D., Yamamoto, Shinya, Yang, John, Yousef, Muhammad, Zastrow, Diane B., Zein, Wadih, Zhao, Chunli, Zuchner, Stephan, Benke, Paul J., Cameron, Eric S., Strehlow, Vincent, Platzer, Konrad, Jamra, Rami Abou, Klöckner, Chiara, Osmond, Matthew, Licata, Thomas, Rojas, Samantha, Dyment, David, Chong, Josephine S.C., Lincoln, Sharyn, Stoler, Joan M., Postlethwait, John H., Wangler, Michael F., Yamamoto, Shinya, Krier, Joel, Westerfield, Monte, and Bellen, Hugo J.

Abstract

Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a key signaling protein required for proper development of many organ systems. Only one prior study has associated an inherited GDF11variant with a dominant human disease in a family with variable craniofacial and vertebral abnormalities. Here, we expand the phenotypic spectrum associated with GDF11variants and document the nature of the variants.

Published
2021
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30. Phenotypic expansion of CACNA1C-associated disorders to include isolated neurological manifestations

Author

Rodan, Lance H., Spillmann, Rebecca C., Kurata, Harley T., Lamothe, Shawn M., Maghera, Jasmine, Jamra, Rami Abou, Alkelai, Anna, Antonarakis, Stylianos E., Atallah, Isis, Bar-Yosef, Omer, Bilan, Frédéric, Bjorgo, Kathrine, Blanc, Xavier, Van Bogaert, Patrick, Bolkier, Yoav, Burrage, Lindsay C., Christ, Björn U., Granadillo, Jorge L., Dickson, Patricia, Donald, Kirsten A., Dubourg, Christèle, Eliyahu, Aviva, Emrick, Lisa, Engleman, Kendra, Gonfiantini, Michaela Veronika, Good, Jean-Marc, Kalser, Judith, Kloeckner, Chiara, Lachmeijer, Guus, Macchiaiolo, Marina, Nicita, Francesco, Odent, Sylvie, O’Heir, Emily, Ortiz-Gonzalez, Xilma, Pacio-Miguez, Marta, Palomares-Bralo, María, Pena, Loren, Platzer, Konrad, Quinodoz, Mathieu, Ranza, Emmanuelle, Rosenfeld, Jill A., Roulet-Perez, Eliane, Santani, Avni, Santos-Simarro, Fernando, Pode-Shakked, Ben, Skraban, Cara, Slaugh, Rachel, Superti-Furga, Andrea, Thiffault, Isabelle, van Jaabrsveld, Richard H., Vincent, Marie, Wang, Hong-Gang, Zacher, Pia, Alejandro, Mercedes E., Azamian, Mahshid S., Bacino, Carlos A., Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Burrage, Lindsay C., Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Clark, Gary D., Craigen, William J., Dai, Hongzheng, Dhar, Shweta U., Emrick, Lisa T., Goldman, Alica M., Hanchard, Neil A., Jamal, Fariha, Karaviti, Lefkothea, Lalani, Seema R., Lee, Brendan H., Lewis, Richard A., Marom, Ronit, Moretti, Paolo M., Murdock, David R., Nicholas, Sarah K., Orengo, James P., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Rosenfeld, Jill A., Samson, Susan L., Scott, Daryl A., Tran, Alyssa A., Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wangler, Michael F., Yamamoto, Shinya, Eng, Christine M., Liu, Pengfei, Ward, Patricia A., Behrens, Edward, Deardorff, Matthew, Falk, Marni, Hassey, Kelly, Sullivan, Kathleen, Vanderver, Adeline, Goldstein, David B., Cope, Heidi, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, Schoch, Kelly, Shashi, Vandana, Smith, Edward C., Spillmann, Rebecca C., Sullivan, Jennifer A., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Walley, Nicole M., Agrawal, Pankaj B., Beggs, Alan H., Berry, Gerard T., Briere, Lauren C., Cobban, Laurel A., Coggins, Matthew, Cooper, Cynthia M., Fieg, Elizabeth L., High, Frances, Holm, Ingrid A., Korrick, Susan, Krier, Joel B., Lincoln, Sharyn A., Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., MacRae, Calum A., Pallais, J. Carl, Rao, Deepak A., Rodan, Lance H., Silverman, Edwin K., Stoler, Joan M., Sweetser, David A., Walker, Melissa, Walsh, Chris A., Esteves, Cecilia, Kelley, Emily G., Kohane, Isaac S., LeBlanc, Kimberly, McCray, Alexa T., Nagy, Anna, Dasari, Surendra, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., Morava, Eva, Oglesbee, Devin, Bademci, Guney, Barbouth, Deborah, Bivona, Stephanie, Carrasquillo, Olveen, Chang, Ta Chen Peter, Forghani, Irman, Grajewski, Alana, Isasi, Rosario, Lam, Byron, Levitt, Roy, Liu, Xue Zhong, McCauley, Jacob, Sacco, Ralph, Saporta, Mario, Schaechter, Judy, Tekin, Mustafa, Telischi, Fred, Thorson, Willa, Zuchner, Stephan, Colley, Heather A., Dayal, Jyoti G., Eckstein, David J., Findley, Laurie C., Krasnewich, Donna M., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Mulvihill, John J., LaMoure, Grace L., Goldrich, Madison P., Urv, Tiina K., Doss, Argenia L., Acosta, Maria T., Bonnenmann, Carsten, D’Souza, Precilla, Draper, David D., Ferreira, Carlos, Godfrey, Rena A., Groden, Catherine A., Macnamara, Ellen F., Maduro, Valerie V., Markello, Thomas C., Nath, Avi, Novacic, Donna, Pusey, Barbara N., Toro, Camilo, Wahl, Colleen E., Baker, Eva, Burke, Elizabeth A., Adams, David R., Gahl, William A., Malicdan, May Christine V., Tifft, Cynthia J., Wolfe, Lynne A., Yang, John, Power, Bradley, Gochuico, Bernadette, Huryn, Laryssa, Latham, Lea, Davis, Joie, Mosbrook-Davis, Deborah, Rossignol, Francis, Solomon, Ben, MacDowall, John, Thurm, Audrey, Zein, Wadih, Yousef, Muhammad, Adam, Margaret, Amendola, Laura, Bamshad, Michael, Beck, Anita, Bennett, Jimmy, Berg-Rood, Beverly, Blue, Elizabeth, Boyd, Brenna, Byers, Peter, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Cunningham, Michael, Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Earl, Dawn, Glass, Ian, Golden-Grant, Katie, Hahn, Sihoun, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Horike-Pyne, Martha, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Lam, Christina, Maravilla, Kenneth, Mefford, Heather, Merritt, J. Lawrence, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Nickerson, Deborah, Raskind, Wendy, Rosenwasser, Natalie, Scott, C. Ron, Sun, Angela, Sybert, Virginia, Wallace, Stephanie, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Ashley, Euan A., Bejerano, Gill, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Bonner, Devon, Coakley, Terra R., Fernandez, Liliana, Fisher, Paul G., Fresard, Laure, Hom, Jason, Huang, Yong, Kohler, Jennefer N., Kravets, Elijah, Majcherska, Marta M., Martin, Beth A., Marwaha, Shruti, McCormack, Colleen E., Raja, Archana N., Reuter, Chloe M., Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sampson, Jacinda B., Smith, Kevin S., Sutton, Shirley, Tabor, Holly K., Tucker, Brianna M., Wheeler, Matthew T., Zastrow, Diane B., Zhao, Chunli, Byrd, William E., Crouse, Andrew B., Might, Matthew, Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Whitlock, Jordan, Brown, Gabrielle, Butte, Manish J., Dell’Angelica, Esteban C., Dorrani, Naghmeh, Douine, Emilie D., Fogel, Brent L., Gutierrez, Irma, Huang, Alden, Krakow, Deborah, Lee, Hane, Loo, Sandra K., Mak, Bryan C., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., McGee, Elisabeth, Nelson, Stanley F., Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Palmer, Christina G.S., Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Renteria, Genecee, Signer, Rebecca H., Sinsheimer, Janet S., Wan, Jijun, Wang, Lee-kai, Perry, Katherine Wesseling, Woods, Jeremy D., Alvey, Justin, Andrews, Ashley, Bale, Jim, Bohnsack, John, Botto, Lorenzo, Carey, John, Pace, Laura, Longo, Nicola, Marth, Gabor, Moretti, Paolo, Quinlan, Aaron, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Mao, Rong, Westerfield, Monte, Bican, Anna, Brokamp, Elly, Duncan, Laura, Hamid, Rizwan, Kennedy, Jennifer, Kozuira, Mary, Newman, John H., PhillipsIII, John A., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Solem, Emily, Cogan, Joy D., Cole, F. Sessions, Hayes, Nichole, Kiley, Dana, Sisco, Kathy, Wambach, Jennifer, Wegner, Daniel, Baldridge, Dustin, Pak, Stephen, Schedl, Timothy, Shin, Jimann, Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Rush, Eric, Pitt, Geoffrey S., Au, Ping Yee Billie, and Shashi, Vandana

Abstract

CACNA1Cencodes the alpha-1-subunit of a voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel expressed in human heart and brain. Heterozygous variants in CACNA1Chave previously been reported in association with Timothy syndrome and long QT syndrome. Several case reports have suggested that CACNA1Cvariation may also be associated with a primarily neurological phenotype.

Published
2021
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31. Mucosal Invariant T cells are Diminished in Very Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Author

Dou, Ying, Maurer, Kelly, Conrad, Maire, Patel, Trusha, Shraim, Rawan, Sullivan, Kathleen E., and Kelsen, Judith

Abstract

Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) arises in children less than 6 years old, a critical time for immunologic development and maturation of the intestinal microbiome. Non-conventional lymphocytes, defined here as mucosal-associated invariant T cells and innate lymphocytes, require microbial products for either development or expansion, aspects that could be altered in very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease. Our objective was to define conventional leukocyte and non-conventional lymphocyte populations in controls and patients using multiparameter flow cytometry to test the hypothesis that their frequencies would be altered in a chronic inflammatory state associated with significant dysbiosis. Multiparameter flow cytometry was used in a control cohort of 105 subjects to define age-effects, not previously comprehensively examined for these cell types in humans. Differences were defined between 263 unique age-matched patients with VEO-IBD and 105 controls using Student t-test. Subjects were divided into two age groups at the time of sampling to control for age-related changes in immune composition. Intermediate monocytes were consistently decreased in patients with VEO-IBD compared to controls. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells were significantly lower in patients with long-standing disease. Levels were less than half of those seen in the age-matched control cohort. The innate lymphoid cells type 2 population was expanded in the youngest patients. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells are diminished years after presentation with inflammatory bowel disease. This durable effect of early life intestinal inflammation may have long-term consequences. Diminished mucosal-associated invariant T cells could impact host defense of intestinal infections.

Published
2021
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32. Variants in PRKAR1Bcause a neurodevelopmental disorder with autism spectrum disorder, apraxia, and insensitivity to pain

Author

Marbach, Felix, Stoyanov, Georgi, Erger, Florian, Stratakis, Constantine A., Settas, Nikolaos, London, Edra, Rosenfeld, Jill A., Torti, Erin, Haldeman-Englert, Chad, Sklirou, Evgenia, Kessler, Elena, Ceulemans, Sophia, Nelson, Stanley F., Martinez-Agosto, Julian A., Palmer, Christina G.S., Signer, Rebecca H., Acosta, Maria T., Adam, Margaret, Adams, David R., Agrawal, Pankaj B., Alejandro, Mercedes E., Alvey, Justin, Amendola, Laura, Andrews, Ashley, Ashley, Euan A., Azamian, Mahshid S., Bacino, Carlos A., Bademci, Guney, Baker, Eva, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Baldridge, Dustin, Bale, Jim, Bamshad, Michael, Barbouth, Deborah, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Beck, Anita, Beggs, Alan H., Behrens, Edward, Bejerano, Gill, Bennett, Jimmy, Berg-Rood, Beverly, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Berry, Gerard T., Bican, Anna, Bivona, Stephanie, Blue, Elizabeth, Bohnsack, John, Bonnenmann, Carsten, Bonner, Devon, Botto, Lorenzo, Boyd, Brenna, Briere, Lauren C., Brokamp, Elly, Brown, Gabrielle, Burke, Elizabeth A., Burrage, Lindsay C., Butte, Manish J., Byers, Peter, Byrd, William E., Carey, John, Carrasquillo, Olveen, Chang, Ta Chen Peter, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Clark, Gary D., Coakley, Terra R., Cobban, Laurel A., Cogan, Joy D., Coggins, Matthew, Cole, F. Sessions, Colley, Heather A., Cooper, Cynthia M., Cope, Heidi, Craigen, William J., Crouse, Andrew B., Cunningham, Michael, D’Souza, Precilla, Dai, Hongzheng, Dasari, Surendra, Davis, Joie, Daya, Jyoti G., Deardorff, Matthew, Dell’Angelica, Esteban C., Dhar, Shweta U., Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Doss, Argenia L., Douine, Emilie D., Draper, David D., Duncan, Laura, Earl, Dawn, Eckstein, David J., Emrick, Lisa T., Eng, Christine M., Esteves, Cecilia, Falk, Marni, Fernandez, Liliana, Ferreira, Carlos, Fieg, Elizabeth L., Findley, Laurie C., Fisher, Paul G., Fogel, Brent L., Forghani, Irman, Fresard, Laure, Gahl, William A., Glass, Ian, Gochuico, Bernadette, Godfrey, Rena A., Golden-Grant, Katie, Goldman, Alica M., Goldrich, Madison P., Goldstein, David B., Grajewski, Alana, Groden, Catherine A., Gutierrez, Irma, Hahn, Sihoun, Hamid, Rizwan, Hanchard, Neil A., Hassey, Kelly, Hayes, Nichole, High, Frances, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Holm, Ingrid A., Hom, Jason, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Huang, Alden, Huang, Yong, Huryn, Laryssa, Isasi, Rosario, Jamal, Fariha, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Karaviti, Lefkothea, Kennedy, Jennifer, Kiley, Dana, Kohane, Isaac S., Kohler, Jennefer N., Korrick, Susan, Kozuira, Mary, Krakow, Deborah, Krasnewich, Donna M., Kravets, Elijah, Krier, Joel B., LaMoure, Grace L., Lalani, Seema R., Lam, Byron, Lam, Christina, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., Latham, Lea, LeBlanc, Kimberly, Lee, Brendan H., Lee, Hane, Levitt, Roy, Lewis, Richard A., Lincoln, Sharyn A., Liu, Pengfei, Liu, Xue Zhong, Longo, Nicola, Loo, Sandra K., Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., MacDowall, John, MacRae, Calum A., Macnamara, Ellen F., Maduro, Valerie V., Majcherska, Marta M., Mak, Bryan C., Malicdan, May Christine V., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Mao, Rong, Maravilla, Kenneth, Markello, Thomas C., Marom, Ronit, Marth, Gabor, Martin, Beth A., Martin, Martin G., Martinez-Agosto, Julian A., Marwaha, Shruti, McCauley, Jacob, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, McCormack, Colleen E., McCray, Alexa T., McGee, Elisabeth, Mefford, Heather, Merritt, J. Lawrence, Might, Matthew, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Morava, Eva, Moretti, Paolo M., Moretti, Paolo, Mosbrook-Davis, Deborah, Mulvihill, John J., Murdock, David R., Nagy, Anna, Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Nath, Avi, Nelson, Stanley F., Newman, John H., Nicholas, Sarah K., Nickerson, Deborah, Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Novacic, Donna, Oglesbee, Devin, Orengo, James P., Pace, Laura, Pak, Stephen, Pallais, J. Carl, Palmer, Christina G.S., Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Phillips, John A., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Power, Bradley, Pusey, Barbara N., Quinlan, Aaron, Raja, Archana N., Rao, Deepak A., Raskind, Wendy, Renteria, Genecee, Reuter, Chloe M., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Rodan, Lance H., Rosenfeld, Jill A., Rosenwasser, Natalie, Rossignol, Francis, Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sacco, Ralph, Sampson, Jacinda B., Samson, Susan L., Saporta, Mario, Schaechter, Judy, Schedl, Timothy, Schoch, Kelly, Scott, C. Ron, Scott, Daryl A., Shashi, Vandana, Shin, Jimann, Signer, Rebecca H., Silverman, Edwin K., Sinsheimer, Janet S., Sisco, Kathy, Smith, Edward C., Smith, Kevin S., Solem, Emily, Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Solomon, Ben, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Stoler, Joan M., Sullivan, Jennifer A., Sullivan, Kathleen, Sun, Angela, Sutton, Shirley, Sweetser, David A., Sybert, Virginia, Tabor, Holly K., Tan, Amelia L.M., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Tekin, Mustafa, Telischi, Fred, Thorson, Willa, Thurm, Audrey, Tifft, Cynthia J., Toro, Camilo, Tran, Alyssa A., Tucker, Brianna M., Urv, Tiina K., Vanderver, Adeline, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wahl, Colleen E., Walker, Melissa, Wallace, Stephanie, Walley, Nicole M., Walsh, Chris A., Wambach, Jennifer, Wan, Jijun, Wang, Lee-kai, Wangler, Michael F., Ward, Patricia A., Wegner, Daniel, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Perry, Katherine Wesseling, Westerfield, Monte, Wheeler, Matthew T., Whitlock, Jordan, Wolfe, Lynne A., Woods, Jeremy D., Yamamoto, Shinya, Yang, John, Yousef, Muhammad, Zastrow, Diane B., Zein, Wadih, Zhao, Chunli, Zuchner, Stephan, Andrews, Marisa V., Grange, Dorothy K., Willaert, Rebecca, Person, Richard, Telegrafi, Aida, Sievers, Aaron, Laugsch, Magdalena, Theiß, Susanne, Cheng, YuZhu, Lichtarge, Olivier, Katsonis, Panagiotis, Stocco, Amber, and Schaaf, Christian P.

Abstract

We characterize the clinical and molecular phenotypes of six unrelated individuals with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder who carry heterozygous missense variants of the PRKAR1Bgene, which encodes the R1β subunit of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA).

Published
2021
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34. Granulomatous Dermatitis Associated With Rubella Virus Infection in an Adult With Immunodeficiency

Author

Shields, Bridget E., Perelygina, Ludmila, Samimi, Sara, Haun, Paul, Leung, Thomas, Abernathy, Emily, Chen, Min-hsin, Hao, LiJuan, Icenogle, Joseph, Drolet, Beth, Wilson, Barbara, Bryer, Joshua S., England, Ross, Blumberg, Emily, Wanat, Karolyn A., Sullivan, Kathleen, and Rosenbach, Misha

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Immunodeficiency-related, vaccine-derived rubella virus (RuV) as an antigenic trigger of cutaneous and visceral granulomas is a rare, recently described phenomenon in children and young adults treated with immunosuppressant agents. OBJECTIVE: To perform a comprehensive clinical, histologic, immunologic, molecular, and genomic evaluation to elucidate the potential cause of an adult patient’s atypical cutaneous granulomas. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A prospective evaluation of skin biopsies, nasopharyngeal swabs, and serum samples submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was conducted to assess for RuV using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and viral genomic sequencing. The samples were obtained from a man in his 70s with extensive cutaneous granulomas mimicking both cutaneous sarcoidosis (clinically) and CD8+ granulomatous cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (histopathologically). The study was conducted from September 2019 to February 2021. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Identification and genotyping of a novel immunodeficiency-related RuV–associated granulomatous dermatitis. RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry for RuV capsid protein and RT-PCR testing for RuV RNA revealed RuV in 4 discrete skin biopsies from different body sites. In addition, RuV RNA was detected in the patient’s nasopharyngeal swabs by RT-PCR. The full viral genome was sequenced from the patient’s skin biopsy (RVs/Philadelphia.PA.USA/46.19/GR, GenBank Accession #MT249313). The patient was ultimately diagnosed with a novel RuV-associated granulomatous dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The findings of this study suggest that clinicians and pathologists may consider RuV-associated granulomatous dermatitis during evaluation of a patient because it might have implications for the diagnosis of cutaneous sarcoidosis, with RuV serving as a potential antigenic trigger, and for the diagnosis of granulomatous cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, with histopathologic features that may prompt an evaluation for immunodeficiency and/or RuV.

Published
2021
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35. Commonalities across computational workflows for uncovering explanatory variants in undiagnosed cases

Author

Kobren, Shilpa Nadimpalli, Baldridge, Dustin, Velinder, Matt, Krier, Joel B., LeBlanc, Kimberly, Esteves, Cecilia, Pusey, Barbara N., Züchner, Stephan, Blue, Elizabeth, Lee, Hane, Huang, Alden, Bastarache, Lisa, Bican, Anna, Cogan, Joy, Marwaha, Shruti, Alkelai, Anna, Murdock, David R., Liu, Pengfei, Wegner, Daniel J., Paul, Alexander J., Acosta, Maria T., Adam, Margaret, Adams, David R., Agrawal, Pankaj B., Alejandro, Mercedes E., Alvey, Justin, Amendola, Laura, Andrews, Ashley, Ashley, Euan A., Azamian, Mahshid S., Bacino, Carlos A., Bademci, Guney, Baker, Eva, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Baldridge, Dustin, Bale, Jim, Bamshad, Michael, Barbouth, Deborah, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Beck, Anita, Beggs, Alan H., Behrens, Edward, Bejerano, Gill, Bennett, Jimmy, Berg-Rood, Beverly, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Berry, Gerard T., Bican, Anna, Bivona, Stephanie, Blue, Elizabeth, Bohnsack, John, Bonnenmann, Carsten, Bonner, Devon, Botto, Lorenzo, Boyd, Brenna, Briere, Lauren C., Brokamp, Elly, Brown, Gabrielle, Burke, Elizabeth A., Burrage, Lindsay C., Butte, Manish J., Byers, Peter, Byrd, William E., Carey, John, Carrasquillo, Olveen, Chang, Ta Chen Peter, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Clark, Gary D., Coakley, Terra R., Cobban, Laurel A., Cogan, Joy D., Coggins, Matthew, Cole, F. Sessions, Colley, Heather A., Cooper, Cynthia M., Cope, Heidi, Craigen, William J., Crouse, Andrew B., Cunningham, Michael, D’Souza, Precilla, Dai, Hongzheng, Dasari, Surendra, Davis, Joie, Daya, Jyoti G., Deardorff, Matthew, Dell’Angelica, Esteban C., Dhar, Shweta U., Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Doss, Argenia L., Douine, Emilie D., Draper, David D., Duncan, Laura, Earl, Dawn, Eckstein, David J., Emrick, Lisa T., Eng, Christine M., Esteves, Cecilia, Falk, Marni, Fernandez, Liliana, Ferreira, Carlos, Fieg, Elizabeth L., Findley, Laurie C., Fisher, Paul G., Fogel, Brent L., Forghani, Irman, Fresard, Laure, Gahl, William A., Glass, Ian, Gochuico, Bernadette, Godfrey, Rena A., Golden-Grant, Katie, Goldman, Alica M., Goldrich, Madison P., Goldstein, David B., Grajewski, Alana, Groden, Catherine A., Gutierrez, Irma, Hahn, Sihoun, Hamid, Rizwan, Hanchard, Neil A., Hassey, Kelly, Hayes, Nichole, High, Frances, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Holm, Ingrid A., Hom, Jason, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Huang, Alden, Huang, Yong, Huryn, Laryssa, Isasi, Rosario, Jamal, Fariha, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Karaviti, Lefkothea, Kennedy, Jennifer, Kiley, Dana, Kohane, Isaac S., Kohler, Jennefer N., Korrick, Susan, Kozuira, Mary, Krakow, Deborah, Krasnewich, Donna M., Kravets, Elijah, Krier, Joel B., LaMoure, Grace L., Lalani, Seema R., Lam, Byron, Lam, Christina, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., Latham, Lea, LeBlanc, Kimberly, Lee, Brendan H., Lee, Hane, Levitt, Roy, Lewis, Richard A., Lincoln, Sharyn A., Liu, Pengfei, Liu, Xue Zhong, Longo, Nicola, Loo, Sandra K., Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., MacDowall, John, MacRae, Calum A., Macnamara, Ellen F., Maduro, Valerie V., Majcherska, Marta M., Mak, Bryan C., Malicdan, May Christine V., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Mao, Rong, Maravilla, Kenneth, Markello, Thomas C., Marom, Ronit, Marth, Gabor, Martin, Beth A., Martin, Martin G., Martinez-Agosto, Julian A., Marwaha, Shruti, McCauley, Jacob, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, McCormack, Colleen E., McCray, Alexa T., McGee, Elisabeth, Mefford, Heather, Merritt, J. Lawrence, Might, Matthew, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Morava, Eva, Moretti, Paolo M., Moretti, Paolo, Mosbrook-Davis, Deborah, Mulvihill, John J., Murdock, David R., Nagy, Anna, Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Nath, Avi, Nelson, Stanley F., Newman, John H., Nicholas, Sarah K., Nickerson, Deborah, Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Novacic, Donna, Oglesbee, Devin, Orengo, James P., Pace, Laura, Pak, Stephen, Pallais, J. Carl, Palmer, Christina G.S., Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Phillips, John A., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Power, Bradley, Pusey, Barbara N., Quinlan, Aaron, Raja, Archana N., Rao, Deepak A., Raskind, Wendy, Renteria, Genecee, Reuter, Chloe M., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Rodan, Lance H., Rosenfeld, Jill A., Rosenwasser, Natalie, Rossignol, Francis, Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sacco, Ralph, Sampson, Jacinda B., Samson, Susan L., Saporta, Mario, Schaechter, Judy, Schedl, Timothy, Schoch, Kelly, Scott, C. Ron, Scott, Daryl A., Shashi, Vandana, Shin, Jimann, Signer, Rebecca H., Silverman, Edwin K., Sinsheimer, Janet S., Sisco, Kathy, Smith, Edward C., Smith, Kevin S., Solem, Emily, Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Solomon, Ben, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Stoler, Joan M., Sullivan, Jennifer A., Sullivan, Kathleen, Sun, Angela, Sutton, Shirley, Sweetser, David A., Sybert, Virginia, Tabor, Holly K., Tan, Amelia L.M., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Tekin, Mustafa, Telischi, Fred, Thorson, Willa, Thurm, Audrey, Tifft, Cynthia J., Toro, Camilo, Tran, Alyssa A., Tucker, Brianna M., Urv, Tiina K., Vanderver, Adeline, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wahl, Colleen E., Walker, Melissa, Wallace, Stephanie, Walley, Nicole M., Walsh, Chris A., Wambach, Jennifer, Wan, Jijun, Wang, Lee-kai, Wangler, Michael F., Ward, Patricia A., Wegner, Daniel, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Perry, Katherine Wesseling, Westerfield, Monte, Wheeler, Matthew T., Whitlock, Jordan, Wolfe, Lynne A., Woods, Jeremy D., Yamamoto, Shinya, Yang, John, Yousef, Muhammad, Zastrow, Diane B., Zein, Wadih, Zhao, Chunli, Zuchner, Stephan, Sunyaev, Shamil R., and Kohane, Isaac S.

Abstract

Genomic sequencing has become an increasingly powerful and relevant tool to be leveraged for the discovery of genetic aberrations underlying rare, Mendelian conditions. Although the computational tools incorporated into diagnostic workflows for this task are continually evolving and improving, we nevertheless sought to investigate commonalities across sequencing processing workflows to reveal consensus and standard practice tools and highlight exploratory analyses where technical and theoretical method improvements would be most impactful.

Published
2021
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36. The variable impact of the overdose crisis on organ donation among five Canadian provinces: a retrospective study

Author

Keenan, Sean, Kramer, Andreas, Healey, Andrew, Weiss, Matthew J., Dhanani, Sonny, Beed, Stephen, Djogovic, Dennis, Sullivan, Kathleen, and Shemie, Sam D.

Abstract

Background: While most overdose deaths in Canada occur in the community, some patients are resuscitated, admitted to intensive care units having sustained severe anoxic brain injury, and have the potential to be organ donors. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the overdose crisis on organ donation in selected Canadian provinces. Methods: We obtained data on the total number of organ donors and those dying because of overdose in five Canadian provinces from 2014 to 2018. We also obtained data for January–June 2019 for four of five provinces (Quebec excepted). We accessed federal and provincial data on the number of overdose deaths and compared the proportion of organ donors who died of an overdose both over time and between provinces. The number of organ transplants resulting from donors dying of an overdose from three provinces was also determined. Results: From 2014 to 2017, there was a 35% increase (554 to 747) in total deceased organ donors but a 294% increase (31 to 122) in organ donors dying of an overdose. While the proportion of organ donors dying from an overdose increased overall, this varied from 35% (42 of 121) in British Columbia to &lt; 5% in both Quebec (9 of 182) and Nova Scotia (&lt; 2 of 16). There were 1,043 organ transplants resulting from organ donors dying of overdose in BC, Ontario and Alberta although only 2.5–3.5% (297 of 10,858) of those dying of an overdose became organ donors. Conclusions: There has been an increase in organ donors dying from drug overdose in Canada. Regional variation mirrors differences in total opiate-related death.

Published
2021
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37. Sediment and fecal indicator bacteria loading in a mixed land use watershed: Contributions from suspended sediment and bedload transport

Author

Bradshaw, J. Kenneth, Snyder, Blake, Spidle, David, Sidle, Roy C., Sullivan, Kathleen, and Molina, Marirosa

Abstract

Overland transport of fecal bacteria in water and their resuspension from bed sediments are important transport mechanisms that help explain the transport of enteric pathogens in watersheds. In this study, multiyear monitoring along with regression relationships between sediment and fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) were used to investigate annual loading in the South Fork Broad River watershed, located in northeastern Georgia, USA. Suspended transport was the dominant transport mechanism contributing to in‐stream total annual loads for sediment (81.4–98.1%) and FIB (>98%). Annual bedload transport of FIB was small and Escherichia coli(up to 1.8%) contributed more to annual bedload FIB than enterococci (≤0.03%). Bedload contributions of FIB increased with the duration of critical discharge exceedance, indicating a prolonged risk of exposure to enteric pathogens during extended periods of high flows, which is important during major storm events. The risk of exposure to enteric pathogens through pathways such as recreational use and drinking water treatment could be much greater because fecal bacteria are released from sediment during higher flows and dominantly transported in suspension when bedload are not actively moving. Therefore, the combined contribution of fecal bacteria from overland and bedload‐associated transport should be considered in risk assessments. Discharge, bedload, and FIB data collected over 2 yr in this study can supplement future hydrologic modeling and microbial risk assessment modeling efforts.

Published
2021
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38. Methodology for the development of a national Dental Practice-Based Research Network survey on dentist's beliefs and behaviors concerning antibiotic prophylaxis.

Author

Mougeot, Jean-Luc C., Davis, James M., Zhao, Jing, Sullivan, Kathleen A., Thornhill, Martin H., McKnight, Patrick E., Stephens, Casey, Lockhart, Peter B., and National Dental PBRN Collaborative Group

Abstract

Background: Dentists are high prescribers of antibiotics for both treatment and prevention of infection, although there are few guidelines to aid clinicians. Given the worldwide concerns about unnecessary use of antibiotics, there is a need for a better understanding of dentists' use of these drugs for antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) to prevent distant site infections (i.e., infective endocarditis and prosthetic joint infection).Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and implement an effective, self-reporting, cross-sectional, survey instrument that optimized the response rate and maximized reliability and validity for determining the beliefs and behaviors of a large and nationally representative group of generalist and specialist dentists concerning their use of AP.Study Design: A 15-question survey (58 items) was developed in a structured process by a multidisciplinary team and configured for automated online dissemination to 3584 national Dental Practice-Based Research Network (DPBRN; hitherto referred to as "Network") practitioners. The implementation phase consisted of 3 waves of greater than 1000 Network members. Additionally, 47 randomly selected dentists were surveyed twice to assess test-retest reliability.Results: Of 3584 eligible Network members, 2169 (60.5%) completed the survey. The age and geographic distributions of responders was similar to those of dentists in the 2019 American Dental Association census. Furthermore, test-retest weighted kappa values for the survey were acceptable (median 0.56; interquartile range 0.42-0.64).Conclusions: We developed a highly structured survey with a high response rate and good reliability that will allow us to obtain unique data on dentists' beliefs and practices regarding AP prescribing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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39. Common variable immunodeficiency–associated endotoxemia promotes early commitment to the T follicular lineage.

Author

Le Coz, Carole, Bengsch, Bertram, Khanna, Caroline, Trofa, Melissa, Ohtani, Takuya, Nolan, Brian E., Henrickson, Sarah E., Lambert, Michele P., Kim, Taylor Olmsted, Despotovic, Jenny M., Feldman, Scott, Fadugba, Olajumoke O., Takach, Patricia, Ruffner, Melanie, Jyonouchi, Soma, Heimall, Jennifer, Sullivan, Kathleen E., Wherry, E. John, and Romberg, Neil

Abstract

Although chiefly a B-lymphocyte disorder, several research groups have identified common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) subjects with numeric and/or functional T H cell alterations. The causes, interrelationships, and consequences of CVID-associated CD4+ T-cell derangements to hypogammaglobulinemia, autoantibody production, or both remain unclear. We sought to determine how circulating CD4+ T cells are altered in CVID subjects with autoimmune cytopenias (AICs; CVID+AIC) and the causes of these derangements. Using hypothesis-generating, high-dimensional single-cell analyses, we created comprehensive phenotypic maps of circulating CD4+ T cells. Differences between subject groups were confirmed in a large and genetically diverse cohort of CVID subjects (n = 69) by using flow cytometry, transcriptional profiling, multiplex cytokine/chemokine detection, and a suite of in vitro functional assays measuring naive T-cell differentiation, B-cell/T-cell cocultures, and regulatory T-cell suppression. Although CD4+ T H cell profiles from healthy donors and CVID subjects without AICs were virtually indistinguishable, T cells from CVID+AIC subjects exhibited follicular features as early as thymic egress. Follicular skewing correlated with IgA deficiency–associated endotoxemia and endotoxin-induced expression of activin A and inducible T-cell costimulator ligand. The resulting enlarged circulating follicular helper T-cell population from CVID+AIC subjects provided efficient help to receptive healthy donor B cells but not unresponsive CVID B cells. Despite this, circulating follicular helper T cells from CVID+AIC subjects exhibited aberrant transcriptional profiles and altered chemokine/cytokine receptor expression patterns that interfered with regulatory T-cell suppression assays and were associated with autoantibody production. Endotoxemia is associated with early commitment to the follicular T-cell lineage in IgA-deficient CVID subjects, particularly those with AICs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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40. An autosomal dominant neurological disorder caused by de novo variants in FAR1resulting in uncontrolled synthesis of ether lipids

Author

Ferdinandusse, Sacha, McWalter, Kirsty, te Brinke, Heleen, IJlst, Lodewijk, Mooijer, Petra M., Ruiter, Jos P.N., van Lint, Alida E.M., Pras-Raves, Mia, Wever, Eric, Millan, Francisca, Guillen Sacoto, Maria J., Begtrup, Amber, Tarnopolsky, Mark, Brady, Lauren, Ladda, Roger L., Sell, Susan L., Nowak, Catherine B., Douglas, Jessica, Tian, Cuixia, Ulm, Elizabeth, Perlman, Seth, Drack, Arlene V., Chong, Karen, Martin, Nicole, Brault, Jennifer, Brokamp, Elly, Toro, Camilo, Gahl, William A., Macnamara, Ellen F., Wolfe, Lynne, Alejandro, Mercedes E., Azamian, Mahshid S., Bacino, Carlos A., Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Burrage, Lindsay C., Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Clark, Gary D., Craigen, William J., Dai, Hongzheng, Dhar, Shweta U., Emrick, Lisa T., Goldman, Alica M., Hanchard, Neil A., Jamal, Fariha, Karaviti, Lefkothea, Lalani, Seema R., Lee, Brendan H., Lewis, Richard A., Marom, Ronit, Moretti, Paolo M., Murdock, David R., Nicholas, Sarah K., Orengo, James P., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Rosenfeld, Jill A., Samson, Susan L., Scott, Daryl A., Tran, Alyssa A., Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wangler, Michael F., Yamamoto, Shinya, Eng, Christine M., Liu, Pengfei, Ward, Patricia A., Behrens, Edward, Deardorff, Matthew, Falk, Marni, Hassey, Kelly, Sullivan, Kathleen, Vanderver, Adeline, Goldstein, David B., Cope, Heidi, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, Schoch, Kelly, Shashi, Vandana, Smith, Edward C., Spillmann, Rebecca C., Sullivan, Jennifer A., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Walley, Nicole M., Agrawal, Pankaj B., Beggs, Alan H., Berry, Gerard T., Briere, Lauren C., Cobban, Laurel A., Coggins, Matthew, Cooper, Cynthia M., Fieg, Elizabeth L., High, Frances, Holm, Ingrid A., Korrick, Susan, Krier, Joel B., Lincoln, Sharyn A., Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., MacRae, Calum A., Pallais, J. Carl, Rao, Deepak A., Rodan, Lance H., Silverman, Edwin K., Stoler, Joan M., Sweetser, David A., Walker, Melissa, Walsh, Chris A., Esteves, Cecilia, Kelley, Emily G., Kohane, Isaac S., LeBlanc, Kimberly, McCray, Alexa T., Nagy, Anna, Dasari, Surendra, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., Morava, Eva, Oglesbee, Devin, Bademci, Guney, Barbouth, Deborah, Bivona, Stephanie, Carrasquillo, Olveen, Chang, Ta Chen Peter, Forghani, Irman, Grajewski, Alana, Isasi, Rosario, Lam, Byron, Levitt, Roy, Liu, Xue Zhong, McCauley, Jacob, Sacco, Ralph, Saporta, Mario, Schaechter, Judy, Tekin, Mustafa, Telischi, Fred, Thorson, Willa, Zuchner, Stephan, Colley, Heather A., Dayal, Jyoti G., Eckstein, David J., Findley, Laurie C., Krasnewich, Donna M., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Mulvihill, John J., LaMoure, Grace L., Goldrich, Madison P., Urv, Tiina K., Doss, Argenia L., Acosta, Maria T., Bonnenmann, Carsten, D’Souza, Precilla, Draper, David D., Ferreira, Carlos, Godfrey, Rena A., Groden, Catherine A., Macnamara, Ellen F., Maduro, Valerie V., Markello, Thomas C., Nath, Avi, Novacic, Donna, Pusey, Barbara N., Toro, Camilo, Wahl, Colleen E., Baker, Eva, Burke, Elizabeth A., Adams, David R., Gahl, William A., Malicdan, May Christine V., Tifft, Cynthia J., Wolfe, Lynne A., Yang, John, Power, Bradley, Gochuico, Bernadette, Huryn, Laryssa, Latham, Lea, Davis, Joie, Mosbrook-Davis, Deborah, Rossignol, Francis, Solomon, Ben, MacDowall, John, Thurm, Audrey, Zein, Wadih, Yousef, Muhammad, Adam, Margaret, Amendola, Laura, Bamshad, Michael, Beck, Anita, Bennett, Jimmy, Berg-Rood, Beverly, Blue, Elizabeth, Boyd, Brenna, Byers, Peter, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Cunningham, Michael, Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Earl, Dawn, Glass, Ian, Golden-Grant, Katie, Hahn, Sihoun, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Horike-Pyne, Martha, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Lam, Christina, Maravilla, Kenneth, Mefford, Heather, Merritt, J. Lawrence, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Nickerson, Deborah, Raskind, Wendy, Rosenwasser, Natalie, Scott, C. Ron, Sun, Angela, Sybert, Virginia, Wallace, Stephanie, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Ashley, Euan A., Bejerano, Gill, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Bonner, Devon, Coakley, Terra R., Fernandez, Liliana, Fisher, Paul G., Fresard, Laure, Hom, Jason, Huang, Yong, Kohler, Jennefer N., Kravets, Elijah, Majcherska, Marta M., Martin, Beth A., Marwaha, Shruti, McCormack, Colleen E., Raja, Archana N., Reuter, Chloe M., Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sampson, Jacinda B., Smith, Kevin S., Sutton, Shirley, Tabor, Holly K., Tucker, Brianna M., Wheeler, Matthew T., Zastrow, Diane B., Zhao, Chunli, Byrd, William E., Crouse, Andrew B., Might, Matthew, Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Whitlock, Jordan, Brown, Gabrielle, Butte, Manish J., Dell’Angelica, Esteban C., Dorrani, Naghmeh, Douine, Emilie D., Fogel, Brent L., Gutierrez, Irma, Huang, Alden, Krakow, Deborah, Lee, Hane, Loo, Sandra K., Mak, Bryan C., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., McGee, Elisabeth, Nelson, Stanley F., Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Palmer, Christina G.S., Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Renteria, Genecee, Signer, Rebecca H., Sinsheimer, Janet S., Wan, Jijun, Wang, Lee-kai, Perry, Katherine Wesseling, Woods, Jeremy D., Alvey, Justin, Andrews, Ashley, Bale, Jim, Bohnsack, John, Botto, Lorenzo, Carey, John, Pace, Laura, Longo, Nicola, Marth, Gabor, Moretti, Paolo, Quinlan, Aaron, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Mao, Rong, Westerfield, Monte, Bican, Anna, Brokamp, Elly, Duncan, Laura, Hamid, Rizwan, Kennedy, Jennifer, Kozuira, Mary, Newman, John H., Phillips, John A., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Solem, Emily, Cogan, Joy D., Cole, F. Sessions, Hayes, Nichole, Kiley, Dana, Sisco, Kathy, Wambach, Jennifer, Wegner, Daniel, Baldridge, Dustin, Pak, Stephen, Schedl, Timothy, Shin, Jimann, Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Waisfisz, Quinten, Zwijnenburg, Petra J.G., Ziegler, Alban, Barth, Magalie, Smith, Rosemarie, Ellingwood, Sara, Gaebler-Spira, Deborah, Bakhtiari, Somayeh, Kruer, Michael C., van Kampen, Antoine H.C., Wanders, Ronald J.A., Waterham, Hans R., Cassiman, David, and Vaz, Frédéric M.

Abstract

In this study we investigate the disease etiology in 12 patients with de novo variants in FAR1all resulting in an amino acid change at position 480 (p.Arg480Cys/His/Leu).

Published
2021
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41. Evidence of thrombotic microangiopathy in children with SARS-CoV-2 across the spectrum of clinical presentations

Author

Diorio, Caroline, McNerney, Kevin O., Lambert, Michele, Paessler, Michele, Anderson, Elizabeth M., Henrickson, Sarah E., Chase, Julie, Liebling, Emily J., Burudpakdee, Chakkapong, Lee, Jessica H., Balamuth, Frances B., Blatz, Allison M., Chiotos, Kathleen, Fitzgerald, Julie C., Giglia, Therese M., Gollomp, Kandace, Odom John, Audrey R., Jasen, Cristina, Leng, Tomas, Petrosa, Whitney, Vella, Laura A., Witmer, Char, Sullivan, Kathleen E., Laskin, Benjamin L., Hensley, Scott E., Bassiri, Hamid, Behrens, Edward M., and Teachey, David T.

Abstract

Most children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have mild or minimal disease, with a small proportion developing severe disease or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) has been associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults but has not been studied in the pediatric population. We hypothesized that complement activation plays an important role in SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and sought to understand if TMA was present in these patients. We enrolled 50 hospitalized pediatric patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 21, minimal coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]; n = 11, severe COVID-19) or MIS-C (n = 18). As a biomarker of complement activation and TMA, soluble C5b9 (sC5b9, normal 247 ng/mL) was measured in plasma, and elevations were found in patients with minimal disease (median, 392 ng/mL; interquartile range [IQR], 244-622 ng/mL), severe disease (median, 646 ng/mL; IQR, 203-728 ng/mL), and MIS-C (median, 630 ng/mL; IQR, 359-932 ng/mL) compared with 26 healthy control subjects (median, 57 ng/mL; IQR, 9-163 ng/mL; P < .001). Higher sC5b9 levels were associated with higher serum creatinine (P = .01) but not age. Of the 19 patients for whom complete clinical criteria were available, 17 (89%) met criteria for TMA. A high proportion of tested children with SARS-CoV-2 infection had evidence of complement activation and met clinical and diagnostic criteria for TMA. Future studies are needed to determine if hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 should be screened for TMA, if TMA-directed management is helpful, and if there are any short- or long-term clinical consequences of complement activation and endothelial damage in children with COVID-19 or MIS-C.

Published
2020
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42. Evidence of thrombotic microangiopathy in children with SARS-CoV-2 across the spectrum of clinical presentations

Author

Diorio, Caroline, McNerney, Kevin O., Lambert, Michele, Paessler, Michele, Anderson, Elizabeth M., Henrickson, Sarah E., Chase, Julie, Liebling, Emily J., Burudpakdee, Chakkapong, Lee, Jessica H., Balamuth, Frances B., Blatz, Allison M., Chiotos, Kathleen, Fitzgerald, Julie C., Giglia, Therese M., Gollomp, Kandace, Odom John, Audrey R., Jasen, Cristina, Leng, Tomas, Petrosa, Whitney, Vella, Laura A., Witmer, Char, Sullivan, Kathleen E., Laskin, Benjamin L., Hensley, Scott E., Bassiri, Hamid, Behrens, Edward M., and Teachey, David T.

Abstract

Most children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have mild or minimal disease, with a small proportion developing severe disease or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) has been associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults but has not been studied in the pediatric population. We hypothesized that complement activation plays an important role in SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and sought to understand if TMA was present in these patients. We enrolled 50 hospitalized pediatric patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 21, minimal coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]; n = 11, severe COVID-19) or MIS-C (n = 18). As a biomarker of complement activation and TMA, soluble C5b9 (sC5b9, normal 247 ng/mL) was measured in plasma, and elevations were found in patients with minimal disease (median, 392 ng/mL; interquartile range [IQR], 244-622 ng/mL), severe disease (median, 646 ng/mL; IQR, 203-728 ng/mL), and MIS-C (median, 630 ng/mL; IQR, 359-932 ng/mL) compared with 26 healthy control subjects (median, 57 ng/mL; IQR, 9-163 ng/mL; P< .001). Higher sC5b9 levels were associated with higher serum creatinine (P= .01) but not age. Of the 19 patients for whom complete clinical criteria were available, 17 (89%) met criteria for TMA. A high proportion of tested children with SARS-CoV-2 infection had evidence of complement activation and met clinical and diagnostic criteria for TMA. Future studies are needed to determine if hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 should be screened for TMA, if TMA-directed management is helpful, and if there are any short- or long-term clinical consequences of complement activation and endothelial damage in children with COVID-19 or MIS-C.

Published
2020
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44. A Pilot Screen of a Novel Peptide Hormone Library Identified Candidate GPR83 Ligands

Author

Sallee, Nathan A., Lee, Ernestine, Leffert, Atossa, Ramirez, Silvia, Brace, Arthur D., Halenbeck, Robert, Kavanaugh, W. Michael, and Sullivan, Kathleen M. C.

Abstract

The identification of novel peptide hormones by functional screening is challenging because posttranslational processing is frequently required to generate biologically active hormones from inactive precursors. We developed an approach for functional screening of novel potential hormones by expressing them in endocrine host cells competent for posttranslational processing. Candidate preprohormones were selected by bioinformatics analysis, and stable endocrine host cell lines were engineered to express the preprohormones. The production of mature hormones was demonstrated by including the preprohormones insulin and glucagon, which require the regulated secretory pathway for production of the active forms. As proof of concept, we screened a set of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and identified protein FAM237A as a specific activator of GPR83, a GPCR implicated in central nervous system and regulatory T-cell function. We identified the active form of FAM237A as a C-terminally cleaved, amidated 9 kDa secreted protein. The related protein FAM237B, which is 64% homologous to FAM237A, demonstrated similar posttranslational modification and activation of GPR83, albeit with reduced potency. These results demonstrate that our approach is capable of identifying and characterizing novel hormones that require processing for activity.

Published
2020
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45. A Pilot Screen of a Novel Peptide Hormone Library Identified Candidate GPR83 Ligands

Author

Sallee, Nathan A., Lee, Ernestine, Leffert, Atossa, Ramirez, Silvia, Brace, Arthur D., Halenbeck, Robert, Kavanaugh, W. Michael, and Sullivan, Kathleen M.C.

Abstract

The identification of novel peptide hormones by functional screening is challenging because posttranslational processing is frequently required to generate biologically active hormones from inactive precursors. We developed an approach for functional screening of novel potential hormones by expressing them in endocrine host cells competent for posttranslational processing. Candidate preprohormones were selected by bioinformatics analysis, and stable endocrine host cell lines were engineered to express the preprohormones. The production of mature hormones was demonstrated by including the preprohormones insulin and glucagon, which require the regulated secretory pathway for production of the active forms. As proof of concept, we screened a set of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and identified protein FAM237A as a specific activator of GPR83, a GPCR implicated in central nervous system and regulatory T-cell function. We identified the active form of FAM237A as a C-terminally cleaved, amidated 9 kDa secreted protein. The related protein FAM237B, which is 64% homologous to FAM237A, demonstrated similar posttranslational modification and activation of GPR83, albeit with reduced potency. These results demonstrate that our approach is capable of identifying and characterizing novel hormones that require processing for activity.

Published
2020
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46. Excellent outcomes following hematopoietic cell transplantation for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: a PIDTC report

Author

Burroughs, Lauri M., Petrovic, Aleksandra, Brazauskas, Ruta, Liu, Xuerong, Griffith, Linda M., Ochs, Hans D., Bleesing, Jack J., Edwards, Stephanie, Dvorak, Christopher C., Chaudhury, Sonali, Prockop, Susan E., Quinones, Ralph, Goldman, Frederick D., Quigg, Troy C., Chandrakasan, Shanmuganathan, Smith, Angela R., Parikh, Suhag, Dávila Saldaña, Blachy J., Thakar, Monica S., Phelan, Rachel, Shenoy, Shalini, Forbes, Lisa R., Martinez, Caridad, Chellapandian, Deepak, Shereck, Evan, Miller, Holly K., Kapoor, Neena, Barnum, Jessie L., Chong, Hey, Shyr, David C., Chen, Karin, Abu-Arja, Rolla, Shah, Ami J., Weinacht, Katja G., Moore, Theodore B., Joshi, Avni, DeSantes, Kenneth B., Gillio, Alfred P., Cuvelier, Geoffrey D. E., Keller, Michael D., Rozmus, Jacob, Torgerson, Troy, Pulsipher, Michael A., Haddad, Elie, Sullivan, Kathleen E., Logan, Brent R., Kohn, Donald B., Puck, Jennifer M., Notarangelo, Luigi D., Pai, Sung-Yun, Rawlings, David J., and Cowan, Morton J.

Abstract

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked disease caused by mutations in the WAS gene, leading to thrombocytopenia, eczema, recurrent infections, autoimmune disease, and malignancy. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the primary curative approach, with the goal of correcting the underlying immunodeficiency and thrombocytopenia. HCT outcomes have improved over time, particularly for patients with HLA-matched sibling and unrelated donors. We report the outcomes of 129 patients with WAS who underwent HCT at 29 Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium centers from 2005 through 2015. Median age at HCT was 1.2 years. Most patients (65%) received myeloablative busulfan-based conditioning. With a median follow-up of 4.5 years, the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 91%. Superior 5-year OS was observed in patients <5 vs ≥5 years of age at the time of HCT (94% vs 66%; overall P = .0008). OS was excellent regardless of donor type, even in cord blood recipients (90%). Conditioning intensity did not affect OS, but was associated with donor T-cell and myeloid engraftment after HCT. Specifically, patients who received fludarabine/melphalan-based reduced-intensity regimens were more likely to have donor myeloid chimerism <50% early after HCT. In addition, higher platelet counts were observed among recipients who achieved full (>95%) vs low-level (5%-49%) donor myeloid engraftment. In summary, HCT outcomes for WAS have improved since 2005, compared with prior reports. HCT at a younger age continues to be associated with superior outcomes supporting the recommendation for early HCT. High-level donor myeloid engraftment is important for platelet reconstitution after either myeloablative or busulfan-containing reduced intensity conditioning. (This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02064933.)

Published
2020
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47. Excellent outcomes following hematopoietic cell transplantation for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: a PIDTC report

Author

Burroughs, Lauri M., Petrovic, Aleksandra, Brazauskas, Ruta, Liu, Xuerong, Griffith, Linda M., Ochs, Hans D., Bleesing, Jack J., Edwards, Stephanie, Dvorak, Christopher C., Chaudhury, Sonali, Prockop, Susan E., Quinones, Ralph, Goldman, Frederick D., Quigg, Troy C., Chandrakasan, Shanmuganathan, Smith, Angela R., Parikh, Suhag, Dávila Saldaña, Blachy J., Thakar, Monica S., Phelan, Rachel, Shenoy, Shalini, Forbes, Lisa R., Martinez, Caridad, Chellapandian, Deepak, Shereck, Evan, Miller, Holly K., Kapoor, Neena, Barnum, Jessie L., Chong, Hey, Shyr, David C., Chen, Karin, Abu-Arja, Rolla, Shah, Ami J., Weinacht, Katja G., Moore, Theodore B., Joshi, Avni, DeSantes, Kenneth B., Gillio, Alfred P., Cuvelier, Geoffrey D.E., Keller, Michael D., Rozmus, Jacob, Torgerson, Troy, Pulsipher, Michael A., Haddad, Elie, Sullivan, Kathleen E., Logan, Brent R., Kohn, Donald B., Puck, Jennifer M., Notarangelo, Luigi D., Pai, Sung-Yun, Rawlings, David J., and Cowan, Morton J.

Abstract

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked disease caused by mutations in the WASgene, leading to thrombocytopenia, eczema, recurrent infections, autoimmune disease, and malignancy. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the primary curative approach, with the goal of correcting the underlying immunodeficiency and thrombocytopenia. HCT outcomes have improved over time, particularly for patients with HLA-matched sibling and unrelated donors. We report the outcomes of 129 patients with WAS who underwent HCT at 29 Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium centers from 2005 through 2015. Median age at HCT was 1.2 years. Most patients (65%) received myeloablative busulfan-based conditioning. With a median follow-up of 4.5 years, the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 91%. Superior 5-year OS was observed in patients <5 vs ≥5 years of age at the time of HCT (94% vs 66%; overall P= .0008). OS was excellent regardless of donor type, even in cord blood recipients (90%). Conditioning intensity did not affect OS, but was associated with donor T-cell and myeloid engraftment after HCT. Specifically, patients who received fludarabine/melphalan-based reduced-intensity regimens were more likely to have donor myeloid chimerism <50% early after HCT. In addition, higher platelet counts were observed among recipients who achieved full (>95%) vs low-level (5%-49%) donor myeloid engraftment. In summary, HCT outcomes for WAS have improved since 2005, compared with prior reports. HCT at a younger age continues to be associated with superior outcomes supporting the recommendation for early HCT. High-level donor myeloid engraftment is important for platelet reconstitution after either myeloablative or busulfan-containing reduced intensity conditioning. (This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.govas #NCT02064933.)

Published
2020
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48. North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Position Paper on the Evaluation and Management for Patients With Very Early-onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Author

Kelsen, Judith R., Sullivan, Kathleen E., Rabizadeh, Shervin, Singh, Namita, Snapper, Scott, Elkadri, Abdul, and Grossman, Andrew B.

Abstract

The rate of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing over the last decade and this increase has occurred most rapidly in the youngest children diagnosed <6 years, known as very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD). These children can present with more extensive and severe disease than older children and adults. The contribution of host genetics in this population is underscored by the young age of onset and the distinct, aggressive phenotype. In fact, monogenic defects, often involving primary immunodeficiency genes, have been identified in children with VEO-IBD and have led to targeted and life-saving therapy. This position paper will discuss the phenotype of VEO-IBD and outline the approach and evaluation for these children and what factors should trigger concern for an underlying immunodeficiency. We will then review the immunological assays and genetic studies that can facilitate the identification of the underlying diagnosis in patients with VEO-IBD and how this evaluation may lead to directed therapies. The position paper will also aid the pediatric gastroenterologist in recognizing when a patient should be referred to a center specializing in the care of these patients. These guidelines are intended for pediatricians, allied health professionals caring for children, pediatric gastroenterologists, pediatric pathologists, and immunologists.

Published
2020
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49. Medicaid payer status is associated with increased mortality and morbidity after inpatient shoulder arthroplasty: a multistate analysis, 2007-2014.

Author

Brian, J Like, Robert, S White, Tangel, Virginia, Kathleen, J Sullivan, Noelle, S Arroyo, Jeffrey, B Stambough, Zachary, A Turnbull, Like, Brian J, White, Robert S, Sullivan, Kathleen J, Arroyo, Noelle S, Stambough, Jeffrey B, and Turnbull, Zachary A

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Inpatient shoulder arthroplasty is widely performed around the USA at an increasing rate. Medicaid insurance has been identified as a risk factor for inferior surgical outcomes. We sought to identify the impact of being Medicaid-insured on in-hospital mortality, readmission, complications, and length of stay (LOS) in patients who underwent inpatient shoulder arthroplasty.Methods: We analyzed 89 460 patient discharge records for inpatient total, partial, and reverse shoulder arthroplasties using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's State Inpatient Databases for California, Florida, New York, Maryland, and Kentucky from 2007 through 2014. We compared patient demographics, present-on-admission comorbidities, and hospital characteristics by insurance payer. We estimated multilevel mixed-effect multivariate logistic regression models and generalized linear models to assess insurance's effect on in-hospital mortality, readmission, infectious complications, cardiac complications, and LOS; models controlled for patient and hospital characteristics.Results: Medicaid-insured patients had greater odds than patients with private insurance, other insurance, and Medicare of inpatient mortality (OR: 4.61, 95% CI 2.18 to 9.73, p<0.001) and 30-day and 90-day readmissions (OR: 1.94, 95% CI 1.57 to 2.38, p<0.001; OR: 1.65, 95% CI 1.42 to 2.38, p<0.001, respectively). Compared with private insurance, other insurance, and Medicare patients, Medicaid patients had increased likelihood of developing infectious complications and were expected to have longer LOS.Conclusions: Our study supports our hypothesis that among inpatient shoulder arthroplasty patients, those with Medicaid insurance have worse outcomes than patients with private insurance, other insurance, and Medicare. These results are relatively consistent with previous findings in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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