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In this study, the effects of metal titanium dioxide and butanol additives on engine performance, combustion, emissions, vibration and noise characteristics were investigated experimentally. The experiments were conducted at various partial load conditions with diesel engine having variable compression ratio. Engine was fuelled with diesel fuel and butanol-diesel blends with titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based additive. The results revealed that the properties of the blend fuels with the additive did not change significantly compared to diesel fuel. Specific fuel consumption (SFC) values of the engine were improved with increment of alcohol ratio, especially at higher engine loads. Carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter emission values with blend fuels decreased up to 36.17% and 36.53%, respectively. Nitrogen oxide emission increased at low engine loads. Of all test fuels, engine noise and vibration values of B5T25 and B5T50 usually decreased, whereas those values of the other test fuels increased.