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One of the most important fundamental mathematical concepts for both students and teachers is mathematical representation. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach to examine aspiring teachers use visual and symbolic representations when addressing geometry problems. The participants in this study were 27 pre-service teachers from Indonesian Christian University (UKI) Toraja who were in their fourth semester. The processes of data reduction, data presentation, conclusion-making, and verification were applied to the data. The results of this study demonstrated that the pre-service teachers still lacked as they were provided inaccurate and non-detailed representations in symbolic imagery. Even though the responses are only half correct, the teachers with average academic competence have a semi-detailed symbolic visualization of capturing good visualization skills. Students with strong academic aptitudes have detailed representations in their symbolic representations, as well as great visual and symbolic representation skills. In order to assist students in teaching and studying geometry and resolve difficulties requiring mathematical expressions, pre-service teachers should have strong visual and symbolic representation skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores a 1960 book project on the Japanese Imperial Palace and Garden complex Katsura, entitled Katsura: Tradition and Creation in Japanese Architecture (1960), in collaboration with Walter Gropius, Kenzo Tange, Yasuhiro Ishimoto, and Herbert Bayer, as an experience of modernism and modernity. Through photography and written records, this article traces the rediscovery of the villa by modern architects since the 1930s, from Bruno Taut to Walter Gropius to appreciate the beauty of Katsura and, finally, Yasuhiro Ishimoto's photographic rendering in 1983, to understand the visual interpretation of authenticity and objectivity through developing perspectives of observation. The 1960 book project was a modernist reinvention on the traditional architectural and garden landscape of Katsura. Through Ishimoto's lens, a series of observations and impressions were projected in the modernist eyes that were distinct from traditional experiences of the villa. The meticulous capture of spatial dynamics and layered material presented in this visual tour have provided a new perspective of interpreting the Katsura Palace, which is fundamentally different from traditional ways of documentation and continues in Ishimoto's visual reinterpretation in 1983, mirroring a developing conversation of cultural exchange between Japanese tradition and the West. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hall's encoding/decoding model has been widely used in mass media, but its potential in social media studies has not been explored thoroughly. To this end, this paper aims to broaden the fundamental principles and assumptions of the model and apply them to audience engagement and interaction in constructing cultural meaning through social media. By analysing the YouTube channel of Liziqi (Vlogger), this study adopts a two-stage content analysis to investigate the possibility of textual coding frameworks and audience engagement processes in the construction of cultural narratives. The study reveals that Liziqi represents Chinese culture through various symbols and constructs a micro-narrative coding framework that influences audience perceptions. The audience interprets the content in proactive and diverse ways, resulting in four types of decoding: pleasuring, reflective, empathic, and questioning. This research expands Hall's encoding/decoding model by exploring the production and reception processes in a multicultural context, revealing a shared cultural framework between sender and receiver. This paper provides a tool for scholars to use new conceptual tools for encoding/decoding to explore the meaning dimensions of social media interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many existing video captioning methods capture action information in the video by exploiting features extracted from an action recognition model. However, directly using the action features without object-specific representation may not well capture the object interactions. Consequently, the generated captions may not be accurate enough in describing the action and the object in the scenes. To address this issue, we propose to incorporate the action features as the edge features in a graph neural network where the nodes represent objects, thereby capturing a finer visual representation of object-action-object relationships. Previous graph-based video captioning methods commonly relied on a pretrained object detection model to create the node representations. The object detection model, however, may miss detecting some important objects. To alleviate this problem, we further introduce a grid-based node representation where the nodes are represented by the features extracted from grids of video frames. Using this representation, the important objects in the scenes are captured more thoroughly. To avoid adding any complexity during inference, the knowledge of the proposed graph is transferred to another neural network via knowledge distillation. Our proposed method achieved state-of-the-art results on two popular video captioning datasets, i.e., MSVD and MSR-VTT, on all metrics. The code of our proposed method is available at https://github.com/Sejong-VLI/V2T-Action-Graph-JKSUCIS-2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a conceptual review exploring the application of information visualization techniques in the context of collection management in libraries. Collection management plays a crucial role in ensuring libraries offer relevant and diverse resources to meet the information needs of users. Information visualization, with its ability to visually represent complex data, has emerged as a powerful tool for enhancing collection management practices. Drawing upon a comprehensive literature review, this paper examines the theoretical foundations, benefits, challenges, and practical applications of information visualization techniques in library collection management. It discusses various visualization methods, such as charts, graphs, and maps, and explores their potential in assessing collection composition, analyzing usage patterns, and supporting decision-making processes. The paper highlights the benefits of information visualization in improving user engagement, optimizing resource allocation, and facilitating data-driven decision making. It also addresses challenges related to data integration, technology infrastructure, and ethical considerations. Through real-world case studies and examples, this conceptual review provides insights into successful implementations of information visualization in collection management. The paper concludes by emphasizing the potential of information visualization techniques to transform collection management practices in libraries, enhancing the accessibility, relevance, and impact of library resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visual representation as a means of communication uses elements to build a narrative. We propose using computer analysis to perform a quantitative analysis of the elements used in the visual creations that have been produced in reference to the epidemic, using 927 images compiled from The Covid Art Museum's Instagram account. This process has been carried out with techniques based on deep learning to detect objects contained in each study image. The research reveals the elements that are repeated in images to create narratives and the relations of association that are established in the sample. The predominant discourses in the sample do not show concern for the effects of illness. On the contrary, the impact and effects of confinement, through the prominent presence of elements such as human figures, windows, and buildings, are the most expressed experiences in the creations analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Musicology of Lithuania / Lietuvos muzikologija is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Music & Theatre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Infrastructure developments depend on decision makers' perceptions of the particular policy issue and a preferred future state. The complex relationship between accessibility and rural development and the long periods from problem recognition to transport infrastructure realisations bring further uncertainty into regional planning. Therefore, government and public administration tend to rely on narratives to explain the policy issue and to transfer their perspectives into the policy process. However, oversimplified narratives unduly limit the understanding of the problem and so the choice of solutions. This paper aims therefore to contribute to an understanding of the recognition of accessibility and transport infrastructure as a policy problem for sustainable regional development in rural areas. It investigates the narrative that emerges from local officials' perceptions about a future society, reasons for sustainable growth and the collaboration at the local and regional levels in central Sweden. The analysis details the four key perspectives of the narrative: local people, work and leisure, an urban neighbourhood and public transport services. The findings stress the narrative's lack of oversight and inclusion that accounts for societies' heterogeneity. In particular, the analysis expounds a remarkable faceless story that conveys a prevalent lack of understanding of stakeholder needs and the role of critical infrastructure for societal development in rural areas. • Recognising local conditions and future states is pivotal for governing development. • The narrative tells a remarkable faceless story of societal development in rural areas. • Industrialisation, the influx of people and public transport are considered critical. • Critical infrastructure that provides essentials of societal existence is neglected. • The narrative indicates a low level of visionary capacity at the local level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to look at tattoos as a form of body modification that confers an identity on the wearer. It also attempts to understand the diminishing art of tattooing from the perspective of the Konyak of Nagaland, India. Based on their tattoos, the Konyak may be categorized into two groups: Thendu representing those with tattooed face, and Thentho, those with white face. Tattoos were an integral part of the Konyak existence through which they illustrated their group, village, clan and even individual identities. Tattoos demonstrated the distinction between a warrior and a common man, between a married and an unmarried woman. For men, tattooing was inextricably linked with headhunting. The most significant accomplishment for men was to be honored with the tag of a 'warrior' that symbolizes their courage, strength, and triumph in warfare. The tattoo patterns reflect their accomplishments. For women, the tattoos depict their biological transformation from one stage of life to another. However, the tattoos visible today are scarce and remain confined to the older generation only. Obviously, the original purpose for which tattoos used to be done have lost its significance. But the question is will the loss of tattoos be a cultural loss? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to explore the difference between static infographics (SIs) and animated infographics (AIs) for developing e-learning and computer skills as well as increasing achievement motivation in students enrolled in e-learning and computer skills course in the second term of 2018/2019 at the Preparatory Year Program at the University of Ha’il (UoH). The study sample of 80 male and female students were involved into 4 experimental groups. 40 students in group 1 and 2 studied the content through SIs while the other 40 students in group 3 and 4 studied the content through AIs. The independent variables in this research consisted of SIs and AIs embedded learning content while achievement of elearning and computer skills and achievement motivation were the dependent variables being observed. Pre-tests and post-tests results showed that the learning materials positively influenced the students’ computer skills, e-learning, achievement motivation. This study revealed that the use of SI had a greater effect on female student learning while AI was found more effective for male student learning. We believe that the current study might contribute particularly to the use of infographics for defining clear educational goals and curriculum reforms reflecting students’ needs, ability, gender, age and the context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Historiae Artis Slovenica is the property of Scientific Research Centre of Slovenian Academy of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The rapid development of computer visualization techniques as well as virtual and augmented reality has led to the possibility of perfect data visualization and the creation of a special virtual space for educating new generation. Simultaneously, the increase in the amount of data to be processed requires a proper selection and presentation of data for solving specific problems. Education sets such tasks as 1) improving the efficiency of presenting information and its assimilation by students, and 2) increasing the convenience and quality of the teachers' work. The purpose of this study is to test an acceleration and improvement of the teacher's response to students studying with more productive visualized learning material. Meanwhile, the created visualization system was based on minimizing the efforts and costs of its preparation and constant support. Only free cloud-based services and visualization tools were used. Students were given the opportunity to constantly, in real time control their learning process and create education markers with the help of perspicuous visual environment. To create a visualization system, already existing works on the implementation and verification of the system was used. The study was based on the results of applying this technology. A survey of 300 students from three universities in China, Russia and Kazakhstan was conducted. The control group consisted of 150 students from the same universities who did not use visualization to master the same educational material. According to the results of the study, students who used information visualization showed a sharp increase in the subjective assessment of the speed and quality of their learning (58.58% and 37.73%, respectively, of the total number of participants gave a high rating, while in the control group -- only12.25%). Further, the level of anxiety associated with an assimilation of new language material was significantly decreased (13.54% in the study group did not feel anxiety, while only 7% -- in the control group). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports on a study about how massive open online course (MOOC)-based blended learning designs can be visually represented to facilitate their comprehension and sharing. We carried out an iterative co-creation process with different stakeholders to conceptualise a visual learning design representation model within the context of blending MOOCs with face-to-face courses. The data analysed was derived from questionnaires and the generated representations. Results indicate that the representation enabled educators to easily visualise the overall structure of the learning designs and the relationships between the different design elements, providing a context for fostering reflection and decision-making during the planning of MOOC-based blended learning designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to report the findings from a study that explored the use of art and visual production as a means through which 20 third-graders developed and represented their social studies understandings. The author describes the ways the process of visual production and the finished products illustrate the nature of the students' social studies learning. Design/methodology/approach - The project was grounded in an inductive qualitative approach privileging student voice. This paper reports analysis and interpretation of multiple data sources, including photographs of students' projects, digital recordings of the visual productions and student interviews, as well as field notes and informal teacher conversations. Findings - Results suggest that in the process of visual production and in their final pieces, students moved in fluid ways between making sense of new knowledge, developing important social studies skills, and representing their knowledge. More specifically, students used historical evidence to present humanized versions of history through personalized narratives. These outcomes suggest that the integration of art and visual production can be a valuable and effective way for students to develop and apply social studies skills as well as represent their understanding. Originality/value - This study provides insight into how young children can use art and visual production to develop social studies skills, make sense of new knowledge, and represent their learning, contributing knowledge on an understudied topic and population in social studies education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper draws on the literature and documents of the time audio-visual period in language classrooms of the 1970s in England, and the personal experience of the author as a French teacher for pupils aged nine to thirteen. The title quotation is taken from a questionnaire given to language teachers at a 1970s conference. During the 'revolutionary' audio-visual language period, language learning was introduced to primary-aged pupils and extended to older pupils of all abilities, involving a learning process described as 'the exposure of children to the second language in real-life situations which exclude the use of English'. The article looks at how, in the absence of translation and English explanations in audio-visual learning, the visual element became of central importance. There is evidence, however, that many teachers found it difficult to maintain exclusive use of the target language and found it necessary often to revert to English in their lessons, a response that detracted from the immersive nature of audio-visual learning and might ultimately be seen as one of the factors leading to the critical reports of Burstall (1970, 1974) and the abandonment of primary French learning in England at this time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article studies how the Danish advocacy group for older people, Ældre Sagen (the DaneAge Association, or DAA), of which around 46 per cent of all Danes over the age of 65 are members, visually represents older people. The study gains theoretical inspiration from media and cultural-gerontological theories concerning the cultural influence of media representations of older people, and the connected perceptions of what it means to be and to grow old. The study is based on an analysis of a sample of 59 photographs that appeared on DAA's website in the period 2016-2018. The results indicate a dominant visual representation of older people as happy, socially involved and extroverted, while representations of older people as weak, introverted and alone constitute a minority. In conclusion, the organisation visually promote a positive image of older people, at the same time as they represent them as excluded from other age groups and from culture and society in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the Olympic Games to the local community street party, festivals and events are inherently visual in nature. Despite this, there is limited research that interrogates this at any scale of event and especially as it relates to notions of place. Many events are used to create and/or maintain a destination image; they are said to "represent" place and reflect place culture. Fashion events are unequivocally a spectacle, and many have strong links with destination branding (e.g., Paris Fashion Week); in these instances, fashion has helped to shape the image of the destination. Fashion is rooted in a sense of local place identity, and as such, fashion events can facilitate the representation of place to attendees and the media audience alike, whether inadvertently or deliberately. This article examines visual and written representations of place through a case study of the iD Fashion Show held annually in Dunedin, New Zealand. An inductive thematic analysis was carried out on the visual imagery and accompanying text in the show's promotional material (such as marketing material and official show programs) and other media discourse since its inception in 2000 until 2017, focusing on the show's contribution to constructions and representations of a distinctive "Dunedin look." The findings demonstrate a strong association between place and fashion and highlight the usefulness of a visual approach in identifying tensions in the written and visual discourses around representations of place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Soshioroji is the property of Shakaigaku Kenkyukai and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Magis: Revista Internacional de Investigación en Educación is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The birth of archaeologically themed television programmes is intimately linked to the birth of television itself. Yet little is known of the earliest broadcasts owing to both the fragmentary archival record and the longstanding hype surrounding later archaeology TV productions. This article examines two of the first such shows, likely the earliest in the English-speaking world for which records survive, focused on the British Iron Age site of Maiden Castle and on the reconstruction of prehistoric pottery. While noting the role of Mortimer Wheeler in their development, I also highlight several key women who produced the programmes, starred in them, and otherwise held critical posts in the establishment of professional archaeological practice in Britain, including Margot Eates, Ione Gedye, and Delia Parker — all based at London's Institute of Archaeology (IoA). These BBC TV broadcasts were specifically deployed to showcase the sites and methods of the burgeoning discipline of archaeology. More importantly, however, they were subtle players in the building of intellectual and institutional capital for both the IoA and the BBC. Augmented by other graphic media produced by the IoA itself, the earliest televised archaeology shows generated income, exposure, capacity, and clout for these two very different but pioneering organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Destination image is one of the main decision factors for tourists' destination choice. The aim of this study is to compare the perception of consumers' destination image and the actual projected image of DMOs. Two studies are conducted to reach this aim. The first study was an online survey regarding the destination image of selected US cities from the consumer side. The second one was a qualitative study to investigate the visual representation of the destination image of the same cities from the supply side by analyzing their official destination websites. Although the results show an overall match between the two studies, weather conditions, natural views, and shopping were the mismatched topics. The results of this study suggests how the DMOs official communication might benefit from a monitoring/understanding of their perceived image by prospective travelers in order to match tourists' expectations, and/or better place their images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ileti-s-im is the property of Universite Galatasaray, Faculty of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Information Science & Technology Association/Joho no Kagaku to Gijutsu is the property of Information Science & Technology Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines a recent example of symbolic geography and attempts to analyse the practice of re-territorialization of space by stressing the cultural and national character of particular settlements. The author shows that with expanding business, work and study opportunities globalisation may be causing the disappearance of borders, but on the other hand it can cause the emergence of renewed symbolic borders based on cultural and national identity. The article is based on a limited research project in a number of south Slovakian villages containing substantial ethnic Hungarian populations, focusing on village signs written in the runic székely script, which is identified by the author as a national symbol transported from Transylvania, and which recently became an ideal representation of authentic Hungarian culture. The signs link the towns with the memory of Greater Hungary, manifest the cultural and historical supremacy of Hungarians living in the area, and signify the territory, or in other words reterritorialize the space. The re-territorialization process creates a mental map that unites the Hungarian nation and shows that meaning and territory are strongly bounded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work proposes a histology image indexing strategy based on multimodal representations obtained from the combination of visual features and associated semantic annotations. Both data modalities are complementary information sources for an image retrieval system, since visual features lack explicit semantic information and semantic terms do not usually describe the visual appearance of images. The paper proposes a novel strategy to build a fused image representation using matrix factorization algorithms and data reconstruction principles to generate a set of multimodal features. The methodology can seamlessly recover the multimodal representation of images without semantic annotations, allowing us to index new images using visual features only, and also accepting single example images as queries. Experimental evaluations on three different histology image data sets show that our strategy is a simple, yet effective approach to building multimodal representations for histology image search, and outperforms the response of the popular late fusion approach to combine information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Photo-surveys were assessed in terms of their use for local policy-making. [•] Photo-surveys provided high amount of information with a low number of participants. [•] Photo-surveying requires active engagement by participants. [•] Photo-survey is an useful instrument for the early stages of plan development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Logos: A Journal, of Religion, Philosophy Comparative Cultural Studies & Art (08687692) is the property of Logos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper I explore a challenging and increasingly popular means of creating illusion: the hologram. Far from merely evoking an age of progress in visual approaches to the real, holograms speak of unexplored modes and possibilities of being, both vividly present and implacably absent at one and the same time. My contention is that they also posit new means of making visual meaning, involving a re-thinking of the relationship between subject and space. In our analysis, we consider both scientific and philosophical approaches to the theme, and do so by contextualizing the uncanny sense of encountering the double by means of visual representation, particularly focusing on the trompe l'oeil. Of the theories the study builds on Adolfo Bioy Casares's novella, The Invention of Morel has played a significant part in our interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pictures and images play a central role in contemporary society. Not only do they mediate meaning in a seemingly universal language (Fromm 1981), but their relevance for the construction of perception and beliefs cannot be underestimated. In global, political and religious discourses, controversies often revolve around images. The influence visuality has on the forming of ideas has already been discussed in the 1930s (Freud 1932). Today, even neurobiologists acknowledge the influential power of mental images (Hüther 2004). But, despite the well acknowledged impact the Pictorial Turn has had up to date, discourse analyses are typically carried out solely on linguistic material. Nevertheless, even in the Foucauldian sense the term "discourse" relates to epistemes and power not only conveyed by language, but also by pictures and images, in "a mushy mixture of the articulable and the visible" (Deleuze 2006). Nonetheless, the specific characteristics of pictures and images render analysis ever more difficult. Visual representations are a case sui generis. They cannot be transcribed into language completely. Research on visual artifacts can be put to work as a disclosure of how symbolic orders and the accordant identities are constructed. Something present, a picture or an image, is analyzed with regard to its ideological implications, as studies related to Cultural Studies usually do. Yet, beyond the visible picture, if representation is the making-present of something that's absent (Pitkin 1967), what respectively who is being made absent by the presence of the visible? The ambiguity of representation as "standing for" versus "depiction of" might at the same time enable a critical approach in the analysis of visual discourse. In this article, I attempt to conceptualize a methodological approach for conducting discourse analyses on visual material. For this purpose, I will introduce a dialectical notion of representativeness as imagery that draws on Gayatri C. Spivak's critique and Hannah Fenichel Pitkin's Political Theory of representation, as well as on Siegfried Kracauer's deliberations on film. Finally, I am going to give an example for putting this approach into research practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article developed as part of a dialogue between the two authors. The dialogue was sparked off by MARLEY's response to a seminar presentation by GILLIGAN. In keeping with its origins we have retained the dialogue format. The article focuses on two sets of images-one a still image taken by a photojournalist, the other a sequence of stills taken by one of the authors. The authors use these images to explore the question "what imbues an image with narrative content?" and to explore the possibilities for developing a positive visual representation which promotes the idea of open borders. The article draws on linguistic theory to explore the grammar of visual narrative and relates this to the issue of the visual representation of immigration in contemporary Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista FAMECOS - Mídia, Cultura e Tecnologia is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista FAMECOS - Mídia, Cultura e Tecnologia is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: In the expanding visual paradigm of tourism studies postage stamps remain overlooked. This empirical study of Finnish stamps from 1917–2001 exemplifies the potential of this data, the methods of its interpretation, and connections to literature. The examination contributes to the study of tourism and national identity politics by offering one critical narrative of the changing relationship between tourism promotion, identity-building, and citizenship education. A basic quantitative and qualitative assessment reveals two major turning points in the data, both of which connect to geopolitics and the world economy. The easily reproducible examination shows how representative emphases and absences serve “banal nationalism” and the construction of an “imagined community” of ‘us.’ [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Visual analytics combines automated data analysis and human intelligence through visualisation techniques to address the complexity of current real-world problems. This review uses the lens of visual analytics to examine four dimensions of visual representations for analysing collaborative discourse: goals, data sources, visualisation designs, and analytical techniques based on 89 studies. We found visual analysis approaches to be suitable and advantageous for decomposing the temporality of collaborative discourse. However, it has been challenging for current research to simultaneously consider learning theories and follow visualisation design principles when adopting visualisations to analyse collaborative discourse. At the same time, existing visual analysis approaches have mainly targeted learners or researchers in online contexts and mainly focused on mirroring collaborative discourse rather than providing advanced affordances such as alerting or advising. Informed by these findings, we propose a possible future research agenda and offer suggestions for the features of successful collaboration to guide the design of advanced affordances. • Visualising collaborative discourse helps uncover temporal patterns of discourse. • Learning theories and visualisation design could be further integrated. • Teachers could be better supported to facilitate group discussion. • More attention could be given to face-to-face contexts. • Visualising collaborative discourse could focus more on alerting or advising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]