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Abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate the feasibility of intramembranous osteogenesis from tissue-engineered bone membrane in vivo. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of rabbits were harvested, expanded and some of them were induced into osteoblasts. Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) was converted by a series of physical and chemical procedures into a scaffold. MSCs and induced osteoblasts were seeded separately onto the scaffold, thus fabricating two kinds of tissue-engineered bone membrane. A total of 12 New Zealand rabbits were subjected to a surgical operation; a 15 mm bone segment, including the periosteum, was resected from the radius on both sides of each rabbit to create critical bone defects. The two kinds of tissue-engineered bone membrane and SIS (as control) were implanted randomly into the site of bone defect. The animals had radiographs and were killed after 4 weeks. The specimens were harvested and histological examination performed for evidence of osteogenesis. Bone tissue had formed in defects treated by the two kinds of tissue-engineered bone membrane at 4 weeks. This was supported by the X-ray and histological examination, which confirmed the segmental gap bridged by bone. There was no attempt to bridge in the bone defect treated by SIS. Tissue-engineered bone membrane, constructed by seeding allogeneic cells on an xenogeneic and bio-derived scaffold, can repair critical bone defects successfully.

A series of heterocyclic ring-fused derivatives of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Among these compounds, 33(SH491, IC50= 11.8 nM) showed the highest potency with 100% inhibition at 0.1 μM and 44.4% inhibition at an even lower concentration of 0.01 μM, which was much more potent than the lead compound PPD (IC50= 10.3 μM). Cytotoxicity tests indicated that the inhibitory effect of these compounds on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation was not due to their cytotoxicity. Interestingly, SH491 also exhibited a notable impact on the osteoblastogenesis of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. Mechanistic studies revealed that SH491 inhibits the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related marker genes and proteins, including TRAP, CTSK, MMP-9, and ATPase v0d2. In vivo, SH491 could dramatically decrease the ovariectomy-induced osteoclast activity and relieve osteoporosis obviously. Thus, these PPD derivatives could be served as promising leads for the development of novel antiosteoporosis agents.

Benzo(α) pyrene (B[α]P) is a harmful air pollutant that poses a notable risk to human health. Based on the hormetic effect of B[α]P found in this study, the alleviating effect of Lactobacillus plantarumCCFM726 on chronic exposure to B[α]P was further examined. After 7 d of acute exposure, B[α]P caused a hyperactive effect at low dose, including stimulation of an immune response, whereas exposure to high doses of B[α]P adversely affected the health of mice. Lt. plantarumCCFM726 proved to be an effective and simple intervention for mitigating chronic B[α]P exposure-induced toxicity. Specifically, Lt. plantarumCCFM726 significantly ameliorated behavioral impairments induced by B[α]P and effectively mitigated abnormalities of serum biochemical markers and brain oxidative stress. Histopathological analysis of colonic sections, together with assessments of tight junction proteins and CYP1A1 mRNA expression, revealed that Lt. plantarumCCFM726 significantly reduced inflammation-induced damage to the colon. Furthermore, Lt. plantarumCCFM726 significantly decreased the pro-inflammatory bacterium Turicibacter, while enhancing gut microbiota associated with intestinal mucosa health, such as Ruminococcusand Lachnospiraceae. This contributed to maintaining intestinal equilibrium and fostering gut health.

Latilactobacillus curvatusis a candidate probiotic that is known to have antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-obesity, and colitis-relieving beneficial effects. Here, we evaluated the effects of Lt. curvatusCCFM1268 on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced Caco-2 cell damage and colitis in mice. Our results demonstrate that Lt. curvatusCCFM1268 significantly restored cell viability and promoted the expression of barrier factors in vitro. In vivo, Lt. curvatusCCFM1268 significantly restored weight loss and colon damage in mice and modulated the levels of inflammatory factors and tight junction proteins in the colon. Latilactobacillus curvatusCCFM1268 also reduced the abundance of conditionally pathogenic bacteria including Escherichia_shigellaand Alistipes, enriched the abundance of Lactobacillus, Parabacteroides, Enterococcusand Faecalibaculum, and significantly increased the concentrations of acetic, propionic, and butyric acid in the gut. These results indicate that Lt. curvatusCCFM1268 can alleviate colitis by inhibiting colonic inflammation, repairing the gut barrier, regulating the gut microbiota composition, and secreting metabolites, which was demonstrated both in vivoand in vitro.

Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is an adjunct therapy to provide effective postoperative analgesia in abdominal surgical procedures. Dexamethasone is a supplement agent that can improve the efficacy of local anesthesia. However, information about its additive effect is limited. This study aimed to compare the analgesic efficiency using ultrasound-guided TAP block with and without perineural dexamethasone for patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

The ability to enhance the specific capacity of Li4Ti5O12(LTO) is of practical significance and offers the opportunity to increase the energy density of a full LTO-based battery. Widening the discharge cutoff voltage to 0 V is an effective way to increase the capacity of LTO at low current density. However, whether the specific capacity of LTO at large current rates can be enhanced remains largely unknown. Herein, intriguingly, we found that, when cycled down to 0 V (i.e., from 1.0−2.5 to 0−25 V), LTO exhibited greatly enhanced specific capacity at low rates (<5 C), while it showed a rapid capacity fading and a greatly increased charge/discharge potential gap at high rates (>10 C). The decreased lithium-ion diffusion caused by extra lithium-ion intercalation together with increased internal impedance significantly enhances the polarization and reduces the electrochemical reaction kinetics, which, in turn, hinders the lithiation reaction from LTO to Li7Ti5O12and further to Li9Ti5O12.

The ability to synthesizing monodisperse Li4Ti5O12(LTO) nanospheres is the key to reducing the irreversible capacity of LTO materials, and thus improving their power performance. However, it remains a grand challenge to achieve uniform precursors of LTO nanospheres and maintain their spherical structures after annealing. Herein, we develop a robust strategy for the synthesis of monodisperse LTO nanospheres with an average diameter of 120nm via the use of titanium nitride (TiN) as a titanium source for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The precursors composed of uniform TiO2/Li+nanospheres were formed in a stable alkaline environment during the course of heating of the solution of peroxo-titanium complex as a result of the dissolution of TiN, while TiO2/Li+microspheres were easily yielded with the decrease in pH value of the precursor solution. The OH−anion was found to effectively retard the hydrolysis of peroxo-titanium complex as well as the aggregation of TiO2/Li+nanoparticles. Intriguingly, a uniform polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) layer formed in-situ on the surface of TiO2/Li+nanospheres rendered LTO to retain the monodisperse spherical morphology after annealing. Notably, the as-prepared monodisperse LTO nanospheres comprised of the interconnected LTO nanograins with an average size of ~15nm uniformly coated by a carbon layer derived from the carbonization of PVP exhibited a high tap density (1.1gcm−3) and an outstanding rate-cycling capability. The charge specific capacities at 1, 10, 50 and 80C were 159.5, 151.1, 128.8 and 108.9mAh g−1, respectively. More importantly, the capacity retention after 500 cycles at 10C was as high as 92.6%. This work opens up an avenue to craft the uniform precursors of LTO and thus monodisperse LTO nanospheres that possess superior rate performance with high volumetric energy densities and long-term cyclic stability.

As One of Features from other Languages, the Chinese Tone Changes of Chinese are Mainly Decided by its Vowels, so the Vowel Variation of Chinese Tone Becomes Important in Speech Recognition Research. the Normal Tone Recognition Ways are Always Based on Fundamental Frequency of Signal, which can Not Keep Integrity of Tone Signal. we Bring Forward to a Mathematical Morphological Processing of Spectrograms for the Tone of Chinese Vowels. Firstly, we will have Pretreatment to Recording Good Tone Signal by Using Cooledit Pro Software, and Converted into Spectrograms; Secondly, we will do Smooth and the Normalized Pretreatment to Spectrograms by Mathematical Morphological Processing; Finally, we get Whole Direction Angle Statistics of Tone Signal by Skeletonization way. the Neural Networks Stimulation Shows that the Speech Emotion Recognition Rate can Reach 92.50%.

By combining ball milling processing with combustion synthesis in ultrahigh gravity field, the solidified TiC-TiB2 composite was achieved with fine-grained and ultrafine-grained microstructure. It is considered that taking balling milling processing to mechanically activate powder blend promotes thermal explosion to occur in ultrahigh gravity field by reducing ignition temperature, increases sharply the actual temperature of full-liquid product, thereby not only accelerating liquid-liquid separation of TiC-TiB2 liquid and Al2O3 droplets, but also refining the solidified microstructure by enhancing undercooling of TiC-TiB2 liquid, finally, brings about a series of dramatic improvements in densification and mechanical properties of the ceramic.

The concentration balance of base–acid sites of Cu–Fe bimetal catalysts can be readily adjusted and thus the catalytic activities for the formation of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO2and methanol were significantly enhanced by the introduction of Mo. The highest methanol conversion of 6.99% with a DMC selectivity of 87.7% was obtained when 2.5wt% Mo was loaded.

To explore the correlation between a septal angle measured on computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) determined by right heart catheterization in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).

Micro-defects inside metal matrix composite structure seriously influence the mechanic properties of materials and can undermine machine operations. In order to detect the micro-defects, we can make use of one of the nonlinear acoustic features, i.e., harmonics, which usually appear together with ultrasound when propagating through a damaged material. Based on the relationship between the harmonics, a method of using nonlinear acoustic harmonic amplitude ratio to distinguish micro-defects in metal matrix composite structure is discussed. The test results show that acoustic features, such as second harmonic excitation efficiency were very obvious for the damaged group samples. The method presented is effective in detecting the micro-defects, which means that nonlinear acoustic waves may provide us a good solution for quantitative evaluation of the early damages in metal matrix composite structure.

In recent years, the popular adaptive front-lighting automobile headlight system has become a main emphasis of research that manufacturers will continue to focus great efforts on in the future. In this research we propose a new integral optical design for an automotive headlight system with an advanced light-emitting diode and digital micromirror device (DMD). Traditionally, automobile headlights have all been designed as a low beam light module, whereas the high beam light module still requires using accessory lamps. In anticipation of this new concept of integral optical design, we have researched and designed a single optical system with high and low beam capabilities. To switch on and off the beams, a DMD is typically used. Because DMDs have the capability of redirecting incident light into a specific angle, they also determine the shape of the high or low light beam in order to match the standard of headlight illumination. With collocation of the multicurvature reflection lens design, a DMD can control the light energy distribution and thereby reinforce the resolution of the light beam.

Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) is an excellent fiber material. Its thermal degradation and isothermal crystalline behaviors were in this study investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA–FTIR) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thermal degradation mechanism of PTT follows Mclafferty rearrangement principle. The PTT with intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 0.74dl/g has a maximum crystallinity of about 55% at 190°C, as demonstrated by DSC and XRD measurements consistently.

Novel Cu–Ni/C has been prepared and utilized as an efficient catalyst system in direct synthesis of DMC from CH3OH and CO2.

In this paper we show that if B★ His a bicrossproduct Hopf algebra then (B★ H,R) is qusitriangular if and only if Rhas a unique decomposition:[image omitted]  such that QTVand Usatisfy certain compatible conditions. The result is applied to a certain bicrossproduct of Hand Hop, where His a Hopf algebra with bijective antipode.

In this paper1we construct a new algebra A★Hof an H- bimodule algebra Aby a Hopf algebra Hand study some of its properties. The smash product, the Drinfel'd double D(H) and the Doi-Takeuchi's algebra B⋈,H, are all special cases of A★H. Moreover,we find a necessary and sufficient condition for A★ Hto be a Hopf algebra and also consider the dual situation