100 results on '"Wang, Zhi-hong"'
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2. Tetrodotoxin and Its Analogues in Food: Recent Updates on Sample Preparation and Analytical Methods Since 2012
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Hu, Cong, Zhang, Yuan, Zhou, Yu, Xiang, Yang-jia-yi, Liu, Zhi-fei, Wang, Zhi-hong, and Feng, Xue-song
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Tetrodotoxin (TTX), found in various organisms including pufferfish, is an extremely potent marine toxin responsible for numerous food poisoning accidents. Due to its serious toxicity and public health threat, detecting TTX and its analogues in diverse food matrices with a simple, fast, efficient method has become a worldwide concern. This review summarizes the advances in sample preparation and analytical methods for the determination of TTX and its analogues, focusing on the latest development over the past five years. Current state-of-the-art technologies, such as solid-phase microextraction, online technology, novel injection technology, two-dimensional liquid chromatography, high-resolution mass spectrometry, newly developed lateral flow immunochromatographic strips, immunosensors, dual-mode aptasensors, and nanomaterials-based approaches, are thoroughly discussed. The advantages and limitations of different techniques, critical comments, and future perspectives are also proposed. This review is expected to provide rewarding insights to the future development and broad application of pretreatment and detection methods for TTX and its analogues.
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- 2022
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3. Associations of Sedentary Time and Physical Activity with Metabolic Syndrome among Chinese Adults: Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.
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BAI, Jing, Yun, WANG, Xian Fan, ZHANG, OUYANG, Yi Fei, ZHANG, Bing, WANG, Zhi Hong, DU, Shu Fa, and WANG, Hui Jun
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PHYSICAL activity ,NUTRITION surveys ,METABOLIC syndrome ,HEALTH surveys ,SEDENTARY behavior ,ADULTS - Abstract
This study aimed to determine the independent and joint associations of sedentary time (ST) and physical activity (PA) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among Chinese adults. The study analyzed data from 4,865 adults aged ≥ 18 years who participated in the 2009 and 2015 China Health and Nutrition Surveys (CHNS). Four types of leisure ST and three types of PA self-reported at baseline were collected. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to determine the independent and joint associations of ST and PA with the odds of MetS or its components. For independent effects, higher levels of television time and total leisure ST was associated with higher MetS risk [odds ratio (OR) 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–1.6, P < 0.001; OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2–1.8, P < 0.001, respectively]. The MetS risk in the computer time > 7 hours/week (h/w) group was higher than that in the < 7 h/w group in (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.9). Higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and total PA were associated with a lower MetS risk (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6–0.9, P < 0.001; OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7–0.9, P < 0.001, respectively). For the joint effects, compared with those reporting the lowest level of total leisure ST (< 14 h/w) and the most active tertile of MVPA (≥ 61.0 MET-h/w), participants reporting the most total leisure ST (≥ 35 h/w) and the lowest level of MVPA (0 MET-h/w) had the highest odds of MetS (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.4–2.7). Except for people reporting ST (14–21 h/w) within the most active tertile of MVPA, the associations in all other groups were significant. With the increase of TV time and decreased MVPA, the odds of MetS almost showed a curve acceleration. MVPA and total PA have independent preventive effects, and sedentary behavior (mainly watching TV) has an unsafe effect on MetS and its components. Strengthening the participation of MVPA and combining the LPA to replace the TV-based ST to increase the total PA may be necessary to reduce the prevalence of MetS in Chinese adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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4. Diverse clinical manifestations of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy in a Chinese family with identical multisite variants of ABCD1 gene.
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Zhang, Lin, Zhao, Su Li, and Wang, Zhi Hong
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Objective: This study summarized the clinical characteristics of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) patients in this family, and two different manifestations of the same variants in a Chinese family were reported in this article. That conducted a follow-up study to further clarify the characteristics of this disease. Basic methods: Clinical data and test results were analyzed, and the exon region of ALD-related gene ABCD1 was sequenced by Sanger sequencing. Main results: Gene analysis showed that there were three ABCD1 variants in the proband, c.1047C>A, c.1415-1416delAG and c.1548G>A. The elder brother of the proband had the same three variants as the proband, but showed different clinical symptoms. The mother was the carrier of three variants. Multisite variants were uncovered in this family, which caused two different manifestations of adult-onset childhood cerebral ALD and adrenomyeloneuropathy. Principal conclusion: These findings further increase our knowledge about ABCD1 mutations and the associated phenotypes, which is beneficial for the genetic counseling of patients with X-ALD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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5. Diverse clinical manifestations of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy in a Chinese family with identical multisite variants of ABCD1gene
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Zhang, Lin, Zhao, Su Li, and Wang, Zhi Hong
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- 2021
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6. Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Dietary Intake of Thiamine, Riboflavin, and Niacin among Chinese Adults in 2015.
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LI, Li, ZHANG, Bing, WANG, Hui Jun, OUYANG, Yi Fei, HUANG, Fei Fei, WANG, Yun, ZHANG, Ji Guo, SU, Chang, DU, Wen Wen, JIA, Xiao Fang, JIANG, Hong Ru, and WANG, Zhi Hong
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NIACIN ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,VITAMIN B2 ,NUTRITIONAL requirements ,VITAMIN B deficiency ,ADULTS ,VITAMINS ,VITAMIN B1 - Abstract
To estimate the association between three B-vitamin intakes and sociodemographic factors among adults in China. We derived our data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) among 12,241 individuals aged 18–64 years. Log binomial regression was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios for factors associated with the inadequate intake of B-vitamins. Females with low incomes and living in the north had a higher prevalence of inadequate riboflavin intake than those with high incomes and living in the south. Both males and females living in a village had a higher prevalence of inadequate riboflavin intake than adults living in a city. Adults with low income, low education, and living in the north or in a village had a higher prevalence of inadequate niacin intake than adults with a high income, high education, and living in the south or in a city. We found that income, region, and area of residence were associated with riboflavin intake. Education, income, region, and area of residence were associated with niacin intake. Well-tailored strategies and policies are needed to improve nutritional status in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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7. Association between Chinese Famine Exposure and the Risk of Overweight/Obesity and Abdominal Obesity in Laterlife: A Cross-sectional Study.
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HUANG, Li Na, WANG, Hui Jun, WANG, Zhi Hong, and DING, Gang Qiang
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CHILDHOOD obesity ,OBESITY ,FAMINES ,RISK exposure ,CROSS-sectional method ,OVERWEIGHT persons - Published
- 2020
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8. Association of Red Meat Usual Intake with Serum Ferritin and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Adults: A Longitudinal Study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.
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HUANG, Li Na, WANG, Hui Jun, WANG, Zhi Hong, ZHANG, Ji Guo, JIA, Xiao Fang, ZHANG, Bing, and DING, Gang Qiang
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FERRITIN ,METABOLIC syndrome ,NUTRITION surveys ,HEALTH surveys ,QUANTILE regression ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association of red meat usual intake with metabolic syndrome (MetS), and explore the contribution of red meat usual intake to serum ferritin. Based on the data from the longitudinal China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), 2,797 healthy adults aged 18–75 years without hypertension, diabetes, and MetS were selected in 2009 as subjects and follow-up studies were carried out till 2015. We used the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method to estimate the usual intake of foods. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the association between red meat usual intake and the risk of MetS. Quantile regression analysis was used to study the relationship between red meat consumption and serum ferritin levels. After adjusting for potential confounders, red meat, and fresh red meat were positively associated with the risk of MetS (RR = 1.41, 95% CI : 1.05–1.90 and RR = 1.37, 95% CI : 1.02–1.85, respectively). These relationships showed increasing trend (P < 0.05). The level of serum ferritin increased significantly with the number of MetS components (P < 0.05). The quantile regression analysis showed that red meat and fresh red meat usual intake had a significant positive association with serum ferritin levels across the entire conditional serum ferritin distribution (P < 0.05). Processed red meat did not exhibit a similar association. Higher red meat usual intake was associated with an increased risk of MetS and elevated serum ferritin levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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9. Association between corrected serum calcium levels after dialysis and post-dialysis fatigue risk: a hospital-based case–control study
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Xiao, Ping, Wang, Zhi-Hong, Lu, Yan, Zhang, Shuang, Jin, Yu-Xin, Liu, Xin, Jiang, Zhen-Li, and Liu, Shu-Xin
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Objective: Post-dialysis fatigue (PDF) is an important problem in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD); however, evidence of the association between serum calcium after dialysis and the risk of PDF is limited and controversial. We explored this association among patients receiving MHD. Methods: We carried out a case–control study of patients in the dialysis unit of Dalian Municipal Central Hospital between December 2019 and January 2020, including 340 patients with PDF and 270 patients without PDF. PDF was assessed by a \validated self-administered questionnaire. Clinical variables were tested for multicollinearity using variance inflation factor analysis. Corrected serum calcium levels were categorized into three groups, with the lowest tertile used as the reference category. The odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PDF risk were estimated using an unconditional logistic regression model. Result: After adjusting for potential confounders, corrected serum calcium levels showed a significant positive association with the risk of PDF (OR
T3vs.T1 = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.01–2.58). Notably, after stratification by age, corrected serum calcium was also positively associated with the risk of PDF in patients aged ≥ 65 years (ORT3vs.T1 = 4.25, 95% CI 1.66–11.46). Furthermore, a significant linear trend and interaction were also observed (P< 0.05). Discussion: Higher corrected serum calcium levels after dialysis might increase the risk of PDF among MHD patients. However, further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.- Published
- 2023
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10. Secular trends in sedentary behaviors and associations with weight indicators among Chinese reproductive-age women from 2004 to 2015: findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey
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Wang, Yun, Su, Chang, Ouyang, Yi-fei, Jia, Xiao-fang, Zhang, Bing, Wang, Zhi-hong, and Wang, Hui-jun
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Background: Overweight and obesity are rising among Chinese reproductive-age women, while some studies have focused on the relationship between sedentary behavior and obesity in certain populations, none has focused on Chinese reproductive-age women specifically. This study examined secular trends in leisure time sedentary behaviors (watching television time, computer time and reading time, and the total sedentary time) among Chinese reproductive-age women and the association of those behaviors with five weight indicators—body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity status. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted with Chinese reproductive-age women aged 15–49 who had participated in two or more rounds of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), and completed the questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. The exposure variables were the average weekly time spent on three leisure time sedentary behaviors (watching television, using computer, and reading) and the total sedentary time (the sum of the above three sedentary time and video game time). Mixed-effect linear models were produced to explore the secular trends of the mean hours of these sedentary behaviors and the total sedentary time after adjusting covariates. Models were also produced to study the effects of these types of sedentary behavior levels on BMI and WC. Mixed-effect logistic regression models were produced to study the effects of the sedentary behavior levels on overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity status. Results: The total sedentary time among the reproductive-age women increased over time across most of age, region, educational levels, and income groups from 2004 to 2015. Television hours fluctuated, it increased and then declined over time across most of age, region, and income groups. Computer hours continually increased over time across all age, region, educational level, and income groups. Reading hours gradually decreased over time across most of age, region, educational level, and income groups. Those with a moderate level of television time (14 to <35 h/week) had 1.08 cm larger WCs and were 1.31 times more likely to have abdominal obesity than those with a low level of television time (<14 h/week). Those with a high level of television time (≥35 h/week) had 1.74 cm larger WCs, 0.66 kg/m
2 larger BMIs, were 1.50 times more likely to be overweight and were 1.47 times more likely to have abdominal obesity than those with a low level of television time (<14 h/week). Greater computer, reading time, and total sedentary time were not associated with WC, BMI, overweight, obesity, or abdominal obesity. Conclusions: These findings showed that among Chinese reproductive-age women ages 15–49, secular trends of computer time increased rapidly, reading time decreased gradually and television time fluctuated but showed not much difference from 2004 to 2015. The sharp increase in computer time far outweighed the decline in reading time. As a result, the overall sedentary behavior time of Chinese reproductive-age women gradually increased. These findings provided strong evidence that greater television time was significantly associated with higher BMI, WC, and higher risks of overweight, abdominal obesity among Chinese reproductive-age women. Computer, reading, and the total sedentary time were not associated with those weight indicators.- Published
- 2020
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11. Analysis of Water Consumption Intensity for Steel Production in China
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Li, An Long, Wang, Zhi Hong, Sun, Bo Xue, and Gao, Si Wen
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The water consumption intensity of steel production through BF-BOF technology was decomposed by an innovative process-based water-accounting model, i.e., water-balance model. One ton of steel product was chosen to be the functional unit. The system boundary of the case study included the production processes of coking, sintering, iron making, steel making, continuous casting and rolling. The results showed that the water consumption intensity of steel production was 3.969t/t in this case. The water consumption of evaporation, solidification and wastewater were 2.373t, 0.013t and 1.583t, accounting for 59.79%, 0.33% and 39.88% of the total water consumption, respectively. Steel rolling is the largest contributor to water consumption, and the amount of water consumption is 1.523t, accounting for 38.37% of the total water consumption; followed by coking process and continuous casting process, the amounts of which are 0.814t (20.50%) and 0.634t (15.97%), respectively. This finding can push the utilization of advanced technologies to save water resource in steel industry.
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- 2020
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12. Green Synthesis of Tungsten Ditelluride and the Magnetoresistance Property
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Cao, Ming Xing, Ma, Li Wen, Xi, Xiao Li, and Wang, Zhi Hong
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As a new type of unsaturated linear magnetoresistive materials, tungsten ditelluride series material has potential applications in the fields of strong magnetic detection, information recording and magnetic storage devices. The current development concepts of “green materials”, “green chemical technology” and “environmentally friendly technology” require us to pursue the non-toxic, low-emission and non-emission in material synthesis technology. At the same time, the prepared products show excellent performance and high versatility and efficiency. According to our previous work, the study attempts to use a low-volatile amine solvent as a pretreatment raw material to synthesize a tungsten germanium-based linear magnetoresistive material by hydrothermal/solvothermal method and self-fluxing method. The obtained materials were subjected to XRD, Raman, SEM and Magnetoresistance. Experimental results show that when the mass ratio of W and Te is 1:4, the prepared material is pure phase and the sample is the layered structure. The Magnetoresistance Property points out that the maximum value is about 190 %, which appears in the condition of 10 K and 7 T. Those test projects include phase, structure and morphology characteristics, and provide technical parameters and methods for the development of green synthesis and potential applications of tungsten ditelluride series linear magnetoresistive materials.
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- 2020
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13. Gynura bicolor aqueous extract attenuated H2O2 induced injury in PC12 cells.
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Yang, Ya-Chen, Wu, Wen-Tzu, Mong, Mei-Chin, and Wang, Zhi-Hong
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Background: Protective effects of Gynura bicolor aqueous extract (GAE) at three concentrations upon nerve growth factor (NGF) differentiated-PC12 cells against H
2 O2 induced injury were examined. Methods: NGF differentiated-PC12 cells were treated with GAE at 0.25%, 0.5% or 1%. 100'μM H2 O2 was used to treat cells with GAE pre-treatments. After incubating at 37''C for 12 hr, experimental analyses were processed. Results: H2 O2 exposure decreased cell viability, increased plasma membrane damage, suppressed Bcl-2 mRNA expression and enhanced Bax mRNA expression. GAE pre-treatments reversed these changes. H2 O2 exposure reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, lowered Na+ -K+ -ATPase activity, and increased DNA fragmentation and Ca2+ release. GAE pre-treatments attenuated these alterations. H2 O2 stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, lowered glutathione content, and reduced glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase activities. GAE pretreatments maintained GPX and catalase activities; and concentration-dependently diminished the generation of ROS and inflammatory cytokines. H2 O2 enhanced mRNA expression of nuclear factor kappa (NF-κ) B and p38. GAE pre-treatments decreased mRNA expression of NF-κB and p38. Conclusion: These findings suggested that GAE might be a potent neuronal protective agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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14. A Scan of Obesogenic Environments and a Spatial Inference of Obesity Prevalence in Chinese Children and Adolescents: Based on the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey 2011 Data.
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GUO, Chun Lei, ZHANG, Bing, WANG, Hui Jun, FENG, Guo Shuang, LI, Jun Ming, SU, Chang, ZHANG, Ji Guo, WANG, Zhi Hong, and DU, Wen Wen
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PARTIAL least squares regression ,NUTRITION surveys ,CHILDHOOD obesity ,HEALTH surveys ,OBESITY ,ADOLESCENT obesity - Abstract
Abstract Objective To identify the characteristics of Chinese obesogenic environments at a provincial level, infer a spatial distribution map of obesity prevalence in 31 provinces, and provide a foundation for development of policy to reduce obesity in children and adolescents. Methods After scanning obesity data on subjects aged 7-17 years from 12 provinces in the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2011 and environmental data on 31 provinces from the China Statistical Yearbook 2011 and other sources, we selected 12 predictors. We used the 12 surveyed provinces as a training sample to fit an analytical model with partial least squares regression and prioritized the 12 predictors using variable importance in projection. We also fitted a predictive model with Bayesian analysis. Results We identified characteristics of obesogenic environments. We fitted the predictive model with a deviance information criterion of 61.96 and with statistically significant (P < 0.05) parameter estimates of intercept [95% confidence interval (CI): 329.10, 963.11], log(oil) (CI : 13.11, 20.30), log(GDP) (CI : 3.05, 6.93), log(media) (CI : −234.95, −89.61), and log(washing-machine) (CI : 0.92, 5.07). The total inferred average obesity prevalence among those aged 7-17 was 9.69% in 31 Chinese provinces in 2011. We also found obvious clustering in occurrences of obesity in northern and eastern provinces in the predicted map. Conclusion Given complexity of obesity in children and adolescents, concerted efforts are needed to reduce consumption of edible oils, increase consumption of vegetables, and strengthen nutrition, health, and physical activity education in Chinese schools. The northern and eastern regions are the key areas requiring intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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15. Early enforced mobilization after liver resection: A prospective randomized controlled trial.
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Ni, Chun-yan, Wang, Zhi-hong, Huang, Zhi-ping, Zhou, Hui, Fu, Li-juan, Cai, Hui, Huang, Xuan-xuan, Yang, Yuan, Li, Hui-fen, and Zhou, Wei-ping
- Abstract
Objective: This randomized controlled study investigated the feasibility of early ambulation after liver resection and the effect of the amount of activity on postoperative recovery.Methods: A total of 120 patients who underwent liver resection were randomly divided into two groups for the comparative analysis of the following factors: amount of activity, pain control, sleeping state, perioperative gastrointestinal function recovery, incidence of complications and postoperative hospital stay.Results: Compared with the control group, patients undergoing liver resection performing early postoperative ambulation had faster gastrointestinal function recovery (First exhaust time 2.2 ± 1.4 vs. 3.3 ± 2.3 p < 0.01; First flatus time 2.3 ± 1.7 vs. 3.1 ± 2.5 p = 0.04) and shorter postoperative hospital stays (6.6 ± 2.3 vs. 7.7 ± 2.1 p = 0.01), with statistically significant differences. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (p > 0.05).Conclusion: Early ambulation after liver resection is safe and feasible. It can reduce the patient's pain and economic burden, increase the patient's comfort, reduce the nursing workload, achieve rapid recovery, and improve patient satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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16. The effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with different sizes of bougie calibration: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Wang, Yao, Yi, Xiao-Yan, Gong, Li-lin, Li, Qi-fu, Zhang, Jun, and Wang, Zhi-hong
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BARIATRIC surgery ,CALIBRATION ,GASTRECTOMY ,GASTROESOPHAGEAL reflux ,LAPAROSCOPY ,META-analysis ,POSTOPERATIVE period ,SURGICAL complications ,WEIGHT loss ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,COMORBIDITY ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,DISEASE incidence ,EQUIPMENT & supplies - Abstract
Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to compare the influence of different calibrating bougie sizes on clinical outcomes in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) for patients with obesity.Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed using the key words: "laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy", "bougie size", "calibration", "obesity", and "obese" for searches of electronic databases up to October 2017. Clinical characteristics such as, the percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), overall complications, gastrointestinal leaks, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) were pooled by meta-analysis. Stata 12.0 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX, USA) was used to perform the meta-analysis.Results: Data were extracted from 11 original studies matching our inclusion criteria. In our review, the group of patients who had operations with thinner bougies had a greater %EWL (SMD 0.23, 95% CI 0.14-0.33, P < .001) than the group where larger diameters were used. Furthermore, no significant differences were found in the incidence of overall complications (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.73-1.37, P = .978), postoperative gastrointestinal leaks (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.67-1.24, P = .554), and GERD (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.37-1.59, P = .476) between the two groups. A robust result could not be made about remission of comorbidities using differing diameter bougies due to insufficient data.Conclusions: Use of thinner diameter bougies in LSG was more effective in enabling weight loss and did not increase the risk of overall complications, gastrointestinal leaks or GERD compared with larger diameter bougies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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17. Life Cycle Assessment of Erbium Oxide and Scandium Oxide
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Zhang, Xu Dong, Gao, Feng, Gong, Xian Zheng, Wang, Zhi Hong, and Liu, Yu
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The demand for rare earths in aluminum alloy industry has experienced substantial growth in recent years. The erbium and scandium are two effective rare earth additives, mainly due to its remarkable improvement to aluminum alloy performance. However, the production process of rare earth has caused significant environmental problems. Hence, the analysis of environmental impacts associated with erbium and scandium processing is gaining importance. In this study, a life cycle analysis on the environment impacts of erbium oxide (Er
2 O3 ) and scandium oxide (Sc2 O3 ) was carried out based on life cycle assessment (LCA) method. The life cycle assessment results showed that the production of 1 kg of Er2 O3 and Sc2 O3 generated 21.7 kg CO2 eq. and 743 kg CO2 eq., respectively. The leaching and purification process accounting for 95% of the overall water usage of Er2 O3 production. For Sc2 O3 , energy and chemical consumption played a key role in reducing environmental impacts. Furthermore, Er2 O3 appeared to have less environmental impact than Sc2 O3 on most environmental issues. A detailed review of contribution was conducted and recommendations for further research were given.- Published
- 2019
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18. Effect of volcanic activity on hydrocarbon generation: Examples in Songliao, Qinshui, and Bohai Bay Basins in China.
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Luo, Xia, Gong, Se, Sun, Fen Jin, Wang, Zhi Hong, and Qi, Jin Sun
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VOLCANIC activity prediction ,HYDROCARBON reservoirs ,GEOLOGICAL basins ,GAS fields ,GEOLOGISTS - Abstract
Numerous gas reservoirs in volcanic rocks have been found worldwide. Three gas fields with reserves of one billion cubic meters of gas related to volcanic rocks were found in China. Hence, volcanic rocks as reservoir rocks are attracting increasing attention from geologists. Volcanic activity cannot only form excellent reservoir rocks but also affect hydrocarbon generation in source rocks. The influence of volcanic rocks on the maturation of source rocks and gas generation rate in the Songliao, Qinshui and Bohai Bay Basins in China is discussed in this paper. The main effects of volcanic rocks on gas generation are as follows: Firstly, volcanic activity always leads to a high regional paleo-geothermal gradient that accelerates the thermal evolution of the source rocks. For example, although the present-day geothermal gradient is only 3.7 °C/100 m, the geothermal gradient reached up to 6.5 °C/100 m in the Songliao Basin when volcanoes were erupting on a large scale. Hence, the Cretaceous Shahezi source rocks, interbedded with two sets of volcanic rocks, had high gas generation rate and rapidly reached high-to over-mature stages (the vitrinite reflectance (R o ) is approximately 3.5% or more). The gas generation rate was 10 times higher than that of other gas-abundant basins in China, like Ordos Basin, and the gas generation intensity was up to 2.4 × 10 10 m 3 /km 2 . Secondly, igneous intrusions make local source rocks reach high-to over-mature stages very quickly and generate gas promptly, even during source rock uplifting. Many areas were intruded by igneous rocks during the Jurassic to Cretaceous, for example, the paleo-geothermal gradient was as high as 5.5 °C/100 m in the Qinshui Basin. The source rocks were still generating hydrocarbons while the whole Qinshui Basin was being uplifted. The gas generated due to volcanic activity accounted for more than 70% of the total gases generated from source rocks and formed a large coal seam gas field in the Qinshui Basin. Thirdly, when source rocks developed with concomitant volcanic eruptions or igneous intrusions, these types of volcanic rocks were normally on a small scale, and therefore their areas of influence were small. Hot fluids and transition metals from volcanic activity catalyzed and accelerated the thermal evolution of the source rocks so that large amounts of low-mature hydrocarbon were generated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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19. Taiwanese and Japanese yam (Dioscoreaspp.) extracts attenuate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice
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Chen, Chih-Tai, Wang, Zhi-Hong, Hsu, Cheng-Chin, Lin, Hui-Hsuan, and Chen, Jing-Hsien
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The present study was designed to explore whether yam could protect the heart from doxorubicin (DOX)-induced oxidative stress leading to cardiotoxicity in vivo. In this study, the protective effects of water and ethanol extracts of three varieties of yam, including water extracts of Dioscorea japonicaThunb., ethanol extracts of D. japonicaThunb., water extracts of Dioscorea alata, ethanol extracts of D. alata, water extracts of Dioscorea purpurea, and ethanol extracts of D. purpurea, against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in experimental mice were evaluated. DOX treatment led to significant decreases in the ratio of heart weight to body weight and heart rate, and increases in blood pressure and the serum level of lactate dehydrogenase, a marker of cardiotoxicity, were recovered by yam extracts, especially in water extracts of D. alata. Yam extracts also decreased the cardiac levels of thiobarbituric acid relative substances, reactive oxygen species, and inflammatory factors, as well as the expression of nuclear factor kappa B, while ethanol extracts of D. japonicaThunb. and D. purpureawere shown to be more potent. Moreover, yam extracts had a role in increasing the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, thus improving the DOX-induced alterations in oxidative status in the heart tissue of DOX-treated mice. All ethanol extracts of yam exhibited their antiapoptotic abilities on caspase-3 activation and mitochondrial dysfunction, and ethanol extracts of D. alatastill exerted a superior effect. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that yam has significant cardioprotective properties against DOX-induced damage via its multiple effects on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or antiapoptotic activities.
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- 2017
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20. Life Cycle Assessment of Cathode Copper Production
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Li, Hao, Gong, Xian Zheng, Wang, Zhi Hong, and Li, Yao
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The environmental impact of Chinese cathode copper production was identified and quantified in the context of pyrometallurgy ical and hydrometallurgical method by life cycle approach. Combined with the situation of copper resources in China, the copper ores mining, mineral processing, transportation and smelting sector, were analyzed in detail. The normalization results shows that abiotic depletion is the largest environmental impact in both Pyro-and hydro-metallurgical methods, which were 28.4 kg Sb eq and 32.0 kg Sb eq, respectively. Electrolytic refining is the key process in hydrometallurgical life cycle environmental burden (50.21%), and the mining process contributed the largest environmental impact (17.94%) in pyrometallurgical process. In addition, the total environmental burden of pyrometallurgical process is 1.15 times of hydrometallurgical process. Pyrometallurgical methods has many environmental impact category which were much higher than hydrometallurgical because of the more use of fossil fuels in smelting process. Based on the life cycle assessment results, the key factors to reduce the overall environmental impact for China’s cathode copper production include optimizing the efficiency of copper resource, and clean energy sources for electricity production.
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- 2017
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21. Substance Flow Analysis of Rare Earth Lanthanum in China
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Chen, Wen Juan, Wang, Zhi Hong, Gong, Xian Zheng, Sun, Bo Xue, Liu, Yu, Gao, Feng, and Nie, Zuo Ren
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Substance flow analysis (SFA) is an established method to analyze the structure and characterization of resource flows or substance flows. Lanthanum (La) is an important type of light rare earth element, which is widely used in the fields of glass, luminescence, catalyst, agriculture, etc. This paper conducts a static SFA for lanthanum in China in 2002 and 2011, including different life cycle stages, e.g., exploitation, concentration, smelting, manufacture, use and disposal. Mining utilization efficiency, smelting ratio, export rate, ratio of scrap to raw material in 2002 and 2011 were comparatively analyzed. The results indicated that the utilization efficiency of La in the production stage of rare earth concentrates increased in 2011 relative to the value in 2002 by 80%, and the utilization efficiency of La in the manufacturing stage increased by 74%. The results also showed that although the mining utilization rate was increased, the resource efficiency was still low and how to increase the resource efficiency is a significant issue for Chinese rare earth industry. On the based of the results, some advices were also proposed, which will provide useful reference information for the green development of Chinese rare earth industry.
- Published
- 2017
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22. Allocation of the Environmental Impact in Iron and Steel Industry
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Zhang, Yan Jiao, Gao, Feng, and Wang, Zhi Hong
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Life cycle assessment (LCA) can provide technical support for environmental management in China. However, there is no consensus on allocation method in inventory analysis. According to the World Steel Association (WAS), the environmental impact, life cycle environmental load and environmental benefit of China's iron and steel industry should be considerd when investing scrap iron and steel. The results of this study show that according to the different allocation methods, the environmental impact of China's iron and steel industry will be divided into 3 methods: 1) not considering environmental load and environmental benefit of the environment (Cut-off approach); 2) considering the environmental load or environmental benefits (Waste evaluation method) and 3) considering environmental load and environmental benefits (Recycling benefits method). The environmental impact of Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) steel billet is raising by using the waste evaluation method compared with that of basic oxygen furnace (BOF), which are all decreased by using the cut-off approach. Recycling benefits method compared with Cut-off approach that the BOF hot rolled steel coil (HRC) environmental impact, the environmental impact of EAF steel billet all decreased, and leading the BOF hot rolled steel coil environmental impact to a larger proportion of the environmental impact.
- Published
- 2017
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23. Environment Impact Analysis of Four Different Cement Production Strategies
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Zhang, Yu Feng, Sun, Bo Xue, Liu, Yu, Gong, Xian Zheng, and Wang, Zhi Hong
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With development of the economic, China has been the largest cement production country in the world. But the big production of cement also causes serious ecological environmental problems. In this study, a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment was carried out for four typical cement factories in China. The results indicated that new suspension preheater (NSP) process and power plant were mainly to blame for most emissions and environmental performances, and GWP is the most prominent category in the accumulative environmental performance of cement production. Any of the strategies for cleaner production of cement considered in this study, including larger production scale, cogeneration and using calcium carbide slag as secondary material, has effect in improving the environmental performance, but the final single result show that the utilization of calcium carbide slag is the best method, and it could reduce the environmental impact obviously.
- Published
- 2017
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24. Treatment for overactive bladder: A meta-analysis of tibial versus parasacral neuromodulation
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Wang, Zhi-Hong and Liu, Zhi-Hong
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- 2022
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25. Multi-Condition Analysis and Optimization of Sprayer Frame
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Wang, Zhi Hong, Wu, Jin Biao, and Liu, Jia Wu
- Abstract
A high clearance self-propelled sprayer was designed, and a 3D model of sprayer frame was built with CATIA. Its finite element model was built by using Hypermesh, and it was imported to ABAQUS for finite element analysis. The analysis researched the stress and deformation of frame under four typical conditions of constant-velocity, torsion, emergency braking and emergency turning. The weak region of strength in the variable track mechanism was found, and a size optimization research was carried to the square pipe of the variable track mechanism. The result showed that the maximum stress of frame after optimization decreased obviously, and the distribution of stress became much more reasonable. The optimization ensured the reliability of the frame design.
- Published
- 2016
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26. Exergy-Based Resource Intensity Analysis of Primary Nickel Production in China
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Sun, Bo Xue, Liu, Yu, Nie, Zuo Ren, Gao, Feng, Wang, Zhi Hong, and Gong, Xian Zheng
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The resource intensity of primary nickel production in China was analyzed by the indicator of exergy, which can provide a unified picture about the overall processes involved in the life cycle of nickel. The results show that primary nickel’s CExD value is 235GJ
ex /t, and the largest contributor to the CExD is electricity (46%), followed by fuels (31%), mineral (16%), and land resource (7%); the considerable proportion natural mineral and land resource account for in the result is due to the high exergy value of sulphide minerals and the low grade of natural nickel ore. The results also show that the calculation of this study is sensitive to the choice of allocation basis (mass and market value); however, market value is not recommended in this study since that nickel’s price varies greatly over time.- Published
- 2016
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27. External Insulation Design Impacts on the Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emission of Building
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Li, Yao, Gong, Xian Zheng, Wang, Zhi Hong, Li, Hao, and Fan, Miao Miao
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In order to determine the optimal parameters of the external insulation system and guide the energy saving and greenhouse gas emission reduction of building, a typical student dormitory building in Beijing was chosen as research object. The life cycle thinking and dynamic simulation method were used in the present investigation. The relationship between the expandable polystyrene (EPS) external insulation system design parameters and building energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission in each phase of materials production phase, operation phase and the whole life cycle was studied, systematically . The results show that the consumption of clay brick, concrete and cement mortar account for 98.1% of the total materials consumption, where concrete contributes most to both energy consumption (36.6%) and greenhouse gas emission (35.9%). Regarding the contribution to energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission for building life cycle, materials production phase accounts for 5.6%-18.8% and building operation phase takes up 80.6%-93.4%. With the increase of EPS insulation thickness, the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission increase linearly in materials production phase, decrease in building operation phase, and have an optimization value in the building life cycle to reach the minimum when the heat transfer coefficient (K) is 0.3W / (m
2 • K) equivalent to the EPS insulation thickness is 130mm. Building heating load reduces with the increases of insulation thickness, but the envelope thermal insulation performance has no significant influence on cooling load.- Published
- 2016
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28. Environmental Impact Analysis of Typical Exterior Windows for Residential Construction
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Fan, Miao Miao, Wang, Shu Ping, Wang, Zhi Hong, and Liu, Yu
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The energy consumption due to heat loss from exterior windows plays an important part in that of the whole building. Therefore, the environmental impact of exterior windows couldn’t be neglected. In this study, the energy consumption and environmental impact were quantified and analyzed based on life cycle assessment methodology. The results showed that both energy consumption and environmental impact of aluminum alloy windows and wood-plastic (WPC) windows mainly occurred at the production stage of aluminum alloy profile and flat glass respectively. At the stage of aluminum alloy profile production, the energy consumption and environment impact were 73.06% and 86% of whole life cycle, and for WPC windows they were 32.95% and 48% at the stage of flat glass production. In addition, the energy consumption and comprehensive environmental impact of aluminum alloy windows during the whole life cycle were 1.26 and 4.59 times more than that of WPC windows.
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- 2016
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29. Updated Resource Depletion Characterization Factors for Life Cycle Assessment-Case Studies on Iron and Steel Production in China
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Zhang, Yan Jiao, Gao, Feng, and Wang, Zhi Hong
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In this study, the CML model for resource depletion was updated based on the current status of the mineral resources and the characteristics of relevant statistics in China; and the characterization factors of resource depletion were determined for the majority of natural minerals which are most used in materials industry. Besides, case studies on iron and steel production (BF-BOF and EAF process) were carried out to demonstrate the valid of the modified and localized resource depletion model. The results show that in terms of category, the development of Chinese steel industry is mainly based on the depletion of the natural iron ore and fluorite. The results also show that for BF-BOF process, abiotic resource depletion potential (ADP) in 2012 is 5.26 times of that in 2004; and for the EAF process, ADP in 2012 is 23.6 times of that in 2004. Therefore, the information of ADP needs to be updated at intervals of time.
- Published
- 2016
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30. Materials Flows Analysis on the Beneficiation and Roasting Processes of a Typical Rare Earth Mineral
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Qiu, Chuan, Gong, Xian Zheng, Chen, Wen Juan, Wang, Zhi Hong, Gao, Feng, and Li, Xiao Qing
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The aim of this paper is to explore material flow analysis, study the resource consumption and environmental impact of the production preparation process of typical rare earth materials. The results showed that in the beneficiation processes, producing one ton of rare earth concentrates (Rare Earth Oxide, REO50%) will also produces 27 tons of iron ore and 21 tons of tailings. The recovery of rare earths is only 16.8%. In roasting processes, roasting one ton (REO50%) of rare earth concentrates will emits 150 ~ 200Kg sulfuric acid mist, 500 ~ 600Kg sulfur dioxide, 30 ~ 40Kg fluoride, 30 ~ 50Kg smoke and1t (containing thorium) radioactive slag, and 1.2 tons of concentrated sulfuric acid should be used. The lower recoveries and large-scale of concentrated sulfuric acid used in roasting processes in rare earth industry are the main reasons lead to high pollution and high emissions.
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- 2016
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31. Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment of Amorphous Alloy Strips Production
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Liu, Li Feng, Gao, Feng, Wang, Shao Bo, Wang, Zhi Hong, Gong, Xian Zheng, and Li, Xiao Qing
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Amorphous alloy strips has been widely used in the field of distribution transformers due to its good soft magnetic properties. The resources, energy consumption of the amorphous alloy strips production with the rapid solidification technique and the environmental impacts were calculated based on the life cycle assessment method. The results showed that the largest contribution to the non-renewable resource consumption was ferroboron production process, accounting for 98% of abiotic resource depletion (ADP). And the strip production process had the largest contribution to the global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), photochemical oxidation potential (POCP), human toxicity potential (HTP),eutrophication potential (EP). Ferroboron production process contributed the biggest environmental impact when producing 1 ton amorphous strip, accounting for 70% of the total environmental impact. Under the new technology for energy-saving and emission-reduction, when the utilization rate of boric acid increased in ferroboron production process, all the environmental impact decreased.
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- 2016
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32. Analysis on Influence Factors of Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Magnesium Production Process
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Cao, Yan Cui, Gao, Feng, Wang, Zhi Hong, Gong, Xian Zheng, and Li, Xiao Qing
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Magnesium is a promising lightweight and green metallic engineering material, but the environmental impact of primary magnesium production stage, especially greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions cannot be ignored. In this study, the life cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions caused by the production of primary magnesium in the years of 2003-2013 in China were calculated; the factor decomposition was conducted to analyze the GHG emissions of magnesium production process by using logarithmic mean Divisia index method (LMDI), including energy GHG emission factors, energy structure, energy consumption per ton of primary magnesium, production, emissions per unit of dolomite and ferrosilicon, and dolomite and ferrosilicon consumptions per ton of primary magnesium. The results showed that GHG emissions of primary magnesium production increased 260.29*10
4 t CO2eq in total from 2003 to 2013. The variety magnesium production contributed the biggest part of GHG emissions, accounting for 418.17%. The energy structure took second place on the contribution of GHG emissions, accounting for-161.49%. The nest part was energy consumption per ton of primary magnesium, accounting for-138.97%. While, the contribution of energy GHG emission factors, emissions per unit of dolomite and ferrosilicon, and dolomite and ferrosilicon consumptions per ton of primary magnesium was relatively small, which were 0.88%, 0.00% -2.72% -4.73% and-11.13%, respectively. Thus, it is the key methods to reduce GHG emissions by optimizing the energy structure and decreasing the energy consumption.- Published
- 2016
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33. Analysis of the Environmental Impact of Foam Glass
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Zhang, Li Juan, Gong, Xian Zheng, Tian, Ying Liang, Wang, Zhi Hong, Gao, Feng, Liu, Yu, and Li, Xiao Qing
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Foam glass was widely used as a green energy saving material with good performances of light, thermal insulation and sound absorption. Using waste glass as raw material for foam glass production, can not only turn waste into treasure and reduce resource consumption, but also protect the environment. In this article, the foam glass which produced in Jiaxing, China was studied based on the method of life cycle assessment (LCA), and the resources, the energy consumption and the emission of pollutants at the same time were evaluated. The results show that the characterization value of GWP is the largest. The foaming stage is the main contributor which accounts for 79.7%. Similarly, the foaming stage is the major contributor to AP, POCP, EP and HTP .The characterization value of ADP is the smallest. The foaming stage and annealing stage is the main contributor to ADP which account for 43.0%, 49.7% respectively. It has been found that the foaming stage makes the most contribution to the environmental impact. AP, GWP, POCP and EP of the foaming stage are extremely prominent compared to other stages. The authors used the methods of equal weight coefficient and AHP to weight the single indicator. The results show that the environment impact caused by the foaming stage is the largest, then grinding stage and cutting stage follow behind. The environment impact caused by the transportation stage is the smallest.
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- 2016
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34. Effect of Fly Ash Composition and Structure on the Formation of Cement Clinker
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Wang, Ya Li, Cui, Su Ping, Tian, Gui Ping, Lan, Ming Zhang, and Wang, Zhi Hong
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In the view of scarce of natural mineral resources and requirement of energy-saving/emission-reducing for cement industry, the natural silicon-aluminum clay as one cement raw material has been gradually replaced by silica-rich industrial wastes, such as, fly ash, a principal solid waste discharged from coal-fired power plants, composed mainly of silica- and alumina-rich glass bead-shaped mineral. Using fly ash to produce cement raw materials, the formation and chemical reactions of cement clinker are affected by the chemical and mineral composition as well as the texture of the fly ash and the paper was focused on it. The empirical formula for formation heat of fly ash-doped cement clinker is revised on the basis of chemical thermodynamics. The results show that with the use of fly ash, in contrast with the traditional ingredients, the formation of varieties of clinker minerals as well as the formation sequence and types of intermediates varied little, while the maximum decomposition temperature of carbonate was lowered by 50 °C approximately, so that both the solid phase reaction temperature and liquid phase sintering point were decreased, which is favorable to the reduction of clinker formation heat. The revised formation heat empirical formula of fly ash-doped clinker could facilitate the thermal calculation of furnaces and the evaluation of thermal efficiency.
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- 2016
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35. Use of Amniotic Microparticles Coated with Fibroblasts Overexpressing SDF-1a to Create an Environment Conducive to Neovascularization for Repair of Full-Thickness Skin Defects
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Zhang, Yun-Qing, Ji, Shi-Zhao, Fang, He, Zheng, Yong-Jun, Luo, Peng-Fei, Wu, Hai-Bin, Wu, Min-Juan, Wang, Zhi-Hong, Xiao, Shi-Chu, and Xia, Zhao-Fan
- Abstract
As angiogenesis and vasculogenesis involve the complex network structures of various types of cells, extracellular matrix components, and cytokines, it is still difficult to exactly mimic the microenvironment of vascularization in vivo. In our study, we constructed a complex containing highly proliferative fibroblasts that can secrete extracellular matrix components and growth factors to chemotaxize endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in an attempt to create an ideal microenvironment for quick vascularization. Amniotic membrane microparticles (mAM) rich in type IV collagen (COL IV) and laminin (LN) were prepared, and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) were infected with lentivirus (LV) of overexpression of SDF-1α to construct SDF-1αovHDF. Using the rotary cell culture system (RCCS), mAM was loaded with HDF or SDF-1αovHDF to construct HDF-mAM and SDF-1αovHDF-mAM complexes. The complexes were able to secrete various types of active peptides (IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β, and bFGF) during in vitro culture. In addition, SDF-1αovHDF-mAM complex highly expressed SDF-1α. Transwell assay showed SDF-1αovHDF-mAM complex had an apparent chemotactic effect on EPCs. Transplantation of complexes onto full-thickness skin defects of C57BL mice further demonstrated that SDF-1α expression and the number of peripheral EPCs at days 3, 5, and 7 in the SDF-1αovHDF-mAM group were significantly higher than that in other groups (p< 0.01). The local microvascular density at day 10 of transplantation showed that the microvascular density in the SDF-1αovHDF-mAM group was significantly higher than that in HDF-mAM group (p< 0.01). In conclusion, HDF-mAM had a strong proliferative activity and could be used to create a sound microenvironment for quick vascularization by secreting multiple cytokines and extracellular matrix components. Overexpression of SDF-1α could chemotaxize EPCs to reach local wounds, thus further accelerating angiogenesis in the transplant site. The technique described may prove to be a new model for accelerating vascularization of tissue and organ transplants and chronic ischemic wounds.
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- 2016
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36. Life Cycle Assessment of Metallic Copper Produced by the Pyrometallurgical Technology of China
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Wang, Hong Tao, Liu, Yu, Gong, Xian Zheng, Wang, Zhi Hong, Gao, Feng, and Nie, Zuo Ren
- Abstract
With the rapid development of industry in China, China has become the largest producer of refined copper as well as the largest consumer of copper in the world. In order to provide the support for decreasing the environmental impact of the copper pyrometallurgy of China, the life cycle assessment methodology was carried out in this study to identify and analyze the typical processes’ environmental load of refined copper production from ‘cradle-to-gate’ perspective. The results showed that the most serious environmental impact of copper pyrometallurgy was abiotic depletion potential and human toxicity. The abiotic depletion potential mainly comes from the copper ore mining, for this reason, increasing the use of renewable copper is an effective means to alleviate environmental load of our country copper pyrometallurgy industry. Meanwhile, reducing the direct and indirect discharge of poisonous and harmful elements (e.g. heavy metals) from the copper ore mining stage and the copper smelting process could decrease the human health damage efficiently.
- Published
- 2015
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37. Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Study on the Forming Heat of Cement Clinker Made from Steel Slag
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Wang, Ya Li, Cui, Su Ping, Tian, Gui Ping, Lan, Ming Zhang, and Wang, Zhi Hong
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When steel slag, a by-product of steel making in impurity catching process, is added, the forming process of cement clinker and the major reactions in that process are changed. Since there are dramatic differences between the chemical components and mineral compositions of steel slag and that of natural cement raw materials, the empirical equation for the calculating forming heats of cement clinker made of limestone and clay is no longer applied for those made of steel slag. In this paper, the empirical equation for forming heat calculation of steel slag added cement clinker was promoted, and testified by acid dissolution experiments. Results showed that the change of raw materials had great influence on the forming heat of cement clinker. When the traditional raw materials were replaced with steel slag, the forming heat of cement clinker reduced. Calculating the forming heat by our revised empirical equation can help reduce errors and bring great convenience for the calculation and evaluation of heat efficiency. This research provides theoretical underpinning for the study and calculation of forming heat of steel slag added cement clinker.
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- 2015
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38. Development of Chinese Exergy-Based Characterization Factors for Emissions in Life Cycle Impact Assessment
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Zhang, Yu Feng, Gong, Xian Zheng, Wang, Zhi Hong, and Liu, Yu
- Abstract
The development of eco-materials has become an important direction of materials science. Using appropriate methods to evaluate the environmental impacts caused by materials production is important for eco-materials research. For the purpose of obtaining more objective results to environment impacts, several exergy-based methods to indicate resource depletion have been established. However, no proper exergy-based evaluation methods for emissions in China have been reported. The objective of this study is to establish comprehensive exergy-based characterization model for life cycle assessment, and to apply this model to steel production.
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- 2015
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39. Life Cycle Assessment of Cement Clinker Production Using Coal Gangue as Alternative Raw Material and Fuel
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Cui, Jia Ping, Liu, Yu, Wang, Zhi Hong, Gong, Xian Zheng, Gao, Feng, Zhao, Li Li, and Hao, Li Wei
- Abstract
Life cycle assessment (LCA) was carried out to quantify and analyze the environmental impact and benefit caused by the utilization of coal gangue as alternative raw material and fuel in cement clinker production. The optimal dosage of coal gangue was determined by comparing among different mixing amount scenarios and Portland cement clinker (clinker without adding any waste) considering the phases of coal gangue disposal, transportation, and raw meal grinding and clinker calcination. The results showed that: 1) After adding coal gangue to the raw meal, almost all the considered environmental impacts of cement clinker including human toxicity potential, photochemical smog potential, especially abiotic depletion potential decreased significantly. However, global warming potential and acidification potential increased slightly in comparison with Portland cement clinker. 2) Compared with the Portland cement clinker, the single environmental indicator reduced after adding coal gangue and the indicator decreased gradually with the dosage increasing.
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- 2015
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40. Analysis on the Global Warming Potential of Cement Concrete Pavement in China
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Zhao, Li Li, Wang, Zhi Hong, Liu, Yu, Gong, Xian Zheng, Gao, Feng, Cui, Jia Ping, Jiang, Quan, and Ma, Li Ping
- Abstract
The global warming of cement concrete pavement from raw material extraction to road construction was analyzed by the method of life cycle assessment. The characterization results showed that the procedure of producing material is the most important stage to emit greenhouse gas and it accounts for 98.5% of the global warming potential that caused by the material production and construction stage. For the materials used in different structure layers, surface layer is the biggest impact of greenhouse and accounts for 68.9% of the total impact caused by material used in constructing pavement. Therefore in the future, by using recycled materials or more environmental materials will be a good way to reduce environment impact.
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- 2015
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41. Scenario Analysis of Denitration for Chinese Coal-Fired Power Generation
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Meng, Xian Ce, Li, Chen, Cui, Su Ping, Zhao, Li Li, Gong, Xian Zheng, and Wang, Zhi Hong
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The environmental loads are made due to the natural resources and fossil fuels use and pollutants emissions by Chinese thermal power industry. To explore the realistic coal-fired power generation and its denitration strategies, the input and output of coal-fired power generation in China were identified and quantified. The scope of this paper is defined in the boundary of coal-fired electricity generation system all over China. The methodology follows the principal of ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. The functional unit is “1 kWh of electricity generated”. The inventory data of Chinese coal-fired power generation in 2009 without denitration technology applications were measured. The output data include the CO, N
2 O, CH4 , CO2 , NOx, PM and SO2 emissions. NOx emissions are the major contributor of acidification and photochemical in China. To avoid catastrophic environmental damages, the air pollution especially NOx emissions from coal-fired power plants are advised to be cut. For scenario analysis, in the assumption of 100%of selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technology applications, China still has denitration potential. In the coming several decades, the SNCR technology will be decisive for the Chinese coal-fired power industry to reach deeper NOx emission reductions. However, the reduction agents of ammonia and urea usage bring ammonia slip, and extra natural resource and fossils consumption. The urea use also brings extra CO2 emissions. This limits the applications of SNCR technology to reduce NOx emissions.- Published
- 2015
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42. Life Cycle Analysis on Carbon Emission Reduction and Energy Saving by Using Slag as Alternative Materials in Cement Production
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Li, Yao, Liu, Yu, Shi, Fei Fei, Wang, Zhi Hong, and Gong, Xian Zheng
- Abstract
The carbon emission and energy consumption of using slag as a secondary raw material in cement production was quantified and analyzed in this study. Moreover, the carbon emission reduction and energy saving potential of slag-based cement (SBC) production were identified based on the comparative analysis between SBC and traditional Portland cement (TPC). The results showed that the carbon emission of SBC is about 6.73%, which was lower than that of TPC. Compared with TPC, the energy consumption of SBC is slightly increased by 2.05%. In addition, it was found that the combustion of coal and the power generation were the main sources for carbon emission in the life cycle of slag utilization, which account for 83.39% and 10.16% of the total carbon emission. Therefore, reducing the consumption of energy and increasing the recovery rate of waste heat in cement production were the most effective methods to improve the environmental performance of SBC. In addition, the improvement potential analysis was carried out for SBC. The results indicated that if the recovery rate of waste heat could reach to that of the international advanced level (15.6%), the carbon emission and energy consumption of SBC would be reduced by about 2.20% and 5.71%, respectively. If the proportion of renewable energy utilizationin power generation increased to that of the average international level, the carbon emission and energy consumption of SBC would be declined by 5.26% and 9.35% respectively.
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- 2015
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43. Effects of Fermentation Product Containing Phytase on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, and Phosphorous Apparent Metabolism of Laying Hens Fed Different Levels of Phosphorus
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WANG, Zhi-hong, DONG, Xiao-fang, TONG, Jian-ming, and XU, Shang-zhong
- Abstract
This study investigated the effects of fermentation product containing phytase (FPP) that was fermented using waste vinegar residue (WVR) as substrate from Aspergillus ficuumNTG-23 on productive performance, egg quality, and phosphorus apparent metabolism of laying hens. First, 375 22-wk-old Jinghong hens were allocated into 5 treatments (5 replicates of 15 hens each) in an 8-wk experiment for evaluating the parameters of productive performance, egg quality, serum, and tibia. Experimental diets contained 4% FPP and 96% corn-soybean diet. The levels of dicalcium phosphate (DCP) were 1.34, 1.01, 0.67, 0.34 and 0%. Next, thirty 31-wk-old Jinghong hens were fed 5 types of diets for evaluating phosphorous apparent metabolism rate. Egg productive rate, egg weight, feed conversion ratio, Haugh unit, egg albumen height, serum calcium, tibia ash, tibia ash calcium and tibia breaking strength were not different significantly among 5 treatments. The significant difference of average daily feed intake was not appeared when the DCP content of corn-soybean-FPP diet was reduced to 0.67%; the eggshell hardness, eggshell thickness and serum phosphorus were not reduced significantly until the DCP content of corn-soybean-FPP diet was reduced to 0.34%. The yolk color was improved when the laying hens fed deficient DCP corn-soybean-FPP diet. A 22.14% reduction in excreta phosphorus was observed when the laying hens fed low phosphorus (0.67% DCP) corn-soybean-FPP diet. A 30% elevation of phosphorus apparent metabolism rate was obtained when the DCP content of corn-soybean-FPP diet was decreased from 1.34 to 1.01%. The reducing cost of layer diet was totalized about 120 CNY 1 000 kg−1diet when the content of DCP was 0.67% in corn-soybean-FPP diet. These results indicated that FPP could be applied in laying hen as a potential, cost-effective and rational application of WVR.
- Published
- 2014
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44. Preventive effect of Ganoderma amboinense on acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury.
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Hsu, Cheng-chin, Lin, Ko-yen, Wang, Zhi-hong, Lin, Wea-lung, and Yin, Mei-chin
- Abstract
Abstract: In vivo preventive effects of Ganoderma amboinense against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in Balb/cA mice were studied. G. amboinense powder at 1% and 2% was mixed with standard diet and supplied to mice for 6 weeks, and followed by acetaminophen (350mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneal injection. In normal mice (without acetaminophen treatment), the consumption of G. amboinense significantly increased hepatic glutathione (GSH) level. Acetaminophen treatment significantly elevated both alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities; however, the pre-intake of G. amboinense significantly and dose-dependently protected liver against the subsequent acetaminophen-induced elevation of ALT and AST activities. Acetaminophen treatment also caused significant GSH depletion, malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase, and activity reduction of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase. However, the pre-intake of G. amboinense significantly diminished the subsequent acetaminophen-induced GSH depletion, MDA and ROS increase, and retarded the loss of catalase and GPX activities, in which the effect of G. amboinense on GPX activity, and formation of MDA and ROS was dose-dependent. These results support that G. amboinense may be considered as a preventive agent for acute liver injury. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2008
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45. A Life Cycle Inventory Case Study for Marble Mining in China
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Meng, Xian Ce, Li, Chen, Wang, Zhi Hong, Gong, Xian Zheng, Liu, Yu, and Sun, Bo Xue
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The goal of this paper is to conduct a life cycle inventory (LCI) case study for marble mining in China. The scope focuses on the whole life of marble mining. The functional unit is “per cubic meter of marble block”. The LCI data, including the input of energy and natural resources and the output of pollutant emissions, were collected on-site. The LCI results show that if the waste quarries could be recovered after the exploration, the environmental damages from the marble decorative materials would be much less. The environmental impacts of fresh water consumptions are also discussed. Some suggestions and recommendations on how to improve the environmental performance, at the same time the marble materials can be produced to support the increasing sales, are made. In the future, the land use and the mine recovery should be discussed.
- Published
- 2014
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46. Life Cycle Assessment of Steel Production
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Hu, Jiang Yuan, Gao, Feng, Wang, Zhi Hong, and Gong, Xian Zheng
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Based on life cycle assessment, analysis of energy consumption and other environment load by steel production in Chinese typical iron and steel industry was carried out. The process accounted for the most environment load was found by studying the different processes in steel production route. The results indicate that the most important process is blast furnace (BF) which is the major factor of CO
2 and CO emissions, and contributes most to globe warming potential (GWP) and photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP).- Published
- 2014
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47. Correlation Analysis between Emission and Impact Factors of Greenhouse Gases Caused by Production of Primary Aluminum
- Author
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Guo, Jie, Gao, Feng, Wang, Zhi Hong, Liu, Yu, Hu, Jiang Yuan, and Li, Zhu
- Abstract
Aluminum is an essential material for the construction and development of national economy, however the GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions caused by its production have been noticed by China’s government gradually. In this study, the life cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions caused by the production of primary aluminum in different years in China were calculated, and the correlation between GHG emissions and some important factors i.e. resource consumption and procedure energy consumption was analyzed. The final results show that for GHG emissions, electricity is the major contributor that accounts for 68.5% of the total, followed by the emissions of anode effect and calcination of limestone, which accounts for 7.9% and 6.8% respectively, and the percentages other factors account for less than 6%. The results also show that the calcination of limestone, combustion of coal gas and consumption of electricity are the three main factors which have the largest correlation degree with GHG emissions, and their correlation degrees are 0.96, 0.94 and 0.90 respectively. Therefore, decreasing the consumption of coal gas and improving the efficiency of the calcination of limestone are effective ways to decrease the GHG emissions of primary aluminum production.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Life Cycle Assessment of Rock Wool Board and EPS Board
- Author
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Li, Zhu, Gong, Xian Zheng, Wang, Zhi Hong, Liu, Yu, Ma, Li Ping, Wang, Shu Ping, and Guo, Jie
- Abstract
Although outer wall thermal insulation technology is an effective measure for building energy-saving, the production of thermal insulation materials causes serious impacts on environment. In the present investigation the resource, energy consumption and environmental emission of the two kinds of thermal insulation materials were analyzed, from the acquisition of raw materials to production process based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The result show that life cycle energy consumption of rock wool board is 415MJ per functional unit, proximately twice of EPS board’s (220MJ). Overall, environmental impact indicators caused by rock wool board is more serious than EPS.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Environment Impact of Freight Transportation in China
- Author
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Zhang, Yu Feng, Gong, Xian Zheng, Wang, Zhi Hong, and Liu, Yu
- Abstract
Transportation is an important part of industrial production systems, with serious energy consumption and environmental pollution. In this study, environment impact of road transportation, river freight in the Yangtze River, and railway transportation was established and analyzed by life cycle assessment method. The analysis results show that CO
2 is the largest emission of pollutants for freight transport in China. abiotic depletion potential (ADP) of electric locomotives significantly lower than the other five kinds of shipping methods, only 3.2% of diesel locomotive, 3.9% of the Yangtze barges fleet; 1.2% of the Yangtze Cargo vessel, 0.2% of heavy-duty trucks and 0.1% of light-duty trucks. The results show that accomplishing the same cargo turnover, light-duty truck has the largest environmental impact, while the Electric locomotive freight has the minimum environmental impact. Although the environmental impact of river freight transport is greater than rail transport, but it is far less than road transport.- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Comparison of Environmental Impact Analysis of Two Typical Construction Windows Production
- Author
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Wang, Shu Ping, Wang, Zhi Hong, Chen, Wen Juan, Gong, Xian Zheng, Liu, Yu, and Ma, Li Ping
- Abstract
The energy consumption of window accounts for nearly half of buildings. The purpose of this study is to compare the environmental impact of plastic windows and aluminum alloy windows production, including resource and energy consumption, waste emission. The result shows that energy consumption of plastic window production is only 0.24 times of aluminum alloy window production, and the overall environmental impact of the former is 30% of the later. This study is a quantitative description of energy consumption and environmental impact of two windows production pattern, which intends to fill the blank in LCA field of windows in China.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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