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Simulations can aid in decision making in large-scale emergency response problems limited by insufficient a priori experience. Scenario setting for emergency simulations usually requires complex spatial information, and such issues can lead to a large simulation workload and poor repeatability. Therefore, this study uses a web mapping API to obtain emergency resources and traffic network information and establishes an urban multipoint fire emergency simulation system (UMFESS) for the case of multipoint fire rescue. UMFESS performs traffic network modeling by obtaining real traffic data on a navigation platform, and Arena software is utilized to simulate the process of data collection, information transmission, and department response. The displayed simulation results for firefighting, first aid, transfer and placement can provide the basis for government emergency management. Then, typical cases of single fire and multipoint fires in Beijing are used to verify and validate UMFESS. The simulation results show that the route time and updated information have significant effects on emergency efficiency in the case of concurrent fires with limited resources. Emergency managers should focus on the fairness and stability of resource allocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution summarizes the multiple uses of 3D web technologies in commercial archaeology. Considering the breadth of this topic, we will describe each different branch of these technologies with the example of case studies based on work of the Italian company Arc-Team. Our overview begins with 3D visualization for scientific purposes, showing a project funded by the Autonomous Province of South Tyrol (Italy) in order to improve knowledge about WWI. Second, we analyze a similar project, funded by the Autonomous Province of Trentino (Italy), but with the aim to increase tourism at a high alpine WWI site. The third example is the development of another prototype for tourism: a 3D web-map for the cultural valorization of the historical border (1753) between the region Tyrol and the Most Serene Republic of Venice. In the forth case study, we discuss the implementation of 3D within web platforms for archaeological project management of RAPTOR (Ricerca Archivi e Pratiche per la Tutela Operativa Regionale), a webGIS developed to aid in preservation and conservation efforts of cultural heritage for the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism (MiBACT). Fifth, we explore recent uses of 3D models for web-coworking during the process of excavation management, thanks to the developments of real-time 3D acquisition techniques based on SLAM algorithms and archeorobotic devices. Finally, 3D web-coworking is also analyzed illustrating some simple web tools that afford rapid feedback in data visualization, considering not only excavation field-work but also exploration projects. This overview, based on six different case studies, represents the four fields in which 3D web technologies are currently used in commercial archaeology: scientific communication; tourism improvement; preservation of cultural heritage; and real time field-work management. Some specific topics such as tourism improvement and field-work management are investigated in greater depth in order to allow us to analyze variables deriving from customer requests (e.g. restrictions regarding sensitive geolocation or preferences for specific web platforms) and from differences among data acquisition technologies based on various sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Italian National Geothermal Database (BDNG), is the largest collection of Italian Geothermal data and was set up in the 1980s. It has since been updated both in terms of content and management tools: information on deep wells and thermal springs (with temperature > 30 °C) are currently organized and stored in a PostgreSQL relational database management system, which guarantees high performance, data security and easy access through different client applications. The BDNG is the core of the Geothopica web site, whose webGIS tool allows different types of user to access geothermal data, to visualize multiple types of datasets, and to perform integrated analyses. The webGIS tool has been recently improved by two specially designed, programmed and implemented visualization tools to display data on well lithology and underground temperatures. This paper describes the contents of the database and its software and data update, as well as the webGIS tool including the new tools for data lithology and temperature visualization. The geoinformation organized in the database and accessible through Geothopica is of use not only for geothermal purposes, but also for any kind of georesource and CO 2 storage project requiring the organization of, and access to, deep underground data. Geothopica also supports project developers, researchers, and decision makers in the assessment, management and sustainable deployment of georesources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been almost two years since the launch of the Underground Atlas Project (UAP) and since a crowdsourcing database is, by its nature, a fairly dynamic one, the experience gained and feedback that was received provide guidance towards the next steps. The paper analyzes the positive impact of the UAP, addresses issues that appeared during the testing period of the UAP and outlines the improvements and additions implemented based on the responses. Decisions regarding the implemented actions were based on web traffic statistics analysis, literature review and empirical data. The outcome of the analysis led to a major redesign of the UAP that now offers more functionality and interactivity both to the academics and the public. The new features can be divided into four major categories, freeing restrictions from the public contribution, enhancing the interface visually and interactively, improve App functionality and data dissemination. The new features have been implemented using the latest technologies regarding web and mobile applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A typhoon disaster database system incorporating information about typhoon track, weather, and typhoon-related disasters, which have occurred in Japan since 1951, was developed and opened to the general public, via the Internet, beginning in July 2005. To construct the system, information was collected mainly from the Japan Meteorological Agency, the Fire and Disaster Management Agency, and local governments. The system shows the spatial distribution of typhoon disasters on a map using WebGIS. In this chapter, the function of the system is introduced, and the relationship between the number of users accessing the system and the characteristics of typhoons from 2006 to 2012 are discussed. The peak number of unique visitors each day was independent of typhoon intensity. However, it increased when typhoons passed through the Tokai and Kanto regions, where the population is relatively high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This work presents an integrated web geographical information system aiming at managing the simulation of the pests’ life-cycle and control in a “Software as a Service” fashion. The approach adopted herein assumes that simulation processes take place in black-box functions and focuses on the management of all related information through thin clients such as common Internet browsers. In addition, in the proposed service a small framework is designed and implemented aiming at inherently handling the associated geographical data of the service in a visual manner. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The paper presented a spatial information in the form of maps of land suitability through WebGIS interface that could be used for developing agricultural businesses, especially in Central Java and Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta provinces. Weighted overlay method was used in land suitability analysis, whose weights of each plant was assumed to have the same growth factors including climate factors, topography, and physical lands. The reviewed agricultural commodities were avocado, chili, cacao, orange, litchi, coffee, pepper, mangos teen, and palm tree. The project results indicated a land suitability map which generated a range of data required by the agricultural businesses, such as variable name of villages, sub districts, districts, provinces levels,and potential areas, presented through WebGIS which was built by using MapServer and MySql. WebGIS interface was made as easy as possible so users might adapt and get information easily. The recommended areas for each crop were reviewed based on climatic factors, topography, soil type, and land cover. Recommendation related to an appropriate area for the development of a commodity depends on a class of land suitability and available field areas. Information on the field suitability will be publicized through the WebGIS so the agribusinesses can determine what commodities, field area, and which region they have to develop.(H). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Fire and blast accidents can cause serious damage to the chemical industry park. The research object of this paper was finding the method of accident escape paths in the chemical industry park. This paper analyzed existing state of the traditional emergency drills way of chemical industry park. And based on the investigation and analysis of the emergency drills, the new method of emergency drills escape paths choosing in the chemical industry park based on WebGIS is proposed. The results show that the method of drills escape paths choosing in the chemical industry park based on WebGIS platform is instructive for choosing the reasonable escape path, arousing the interests of personnel taking parting in the drills, and enhancing personnel knowledge of escape. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: On the basis of shortage existing in traditional WebGIS, this paper puts forward a novel WebGIS framework based on REST (Representational State Transfer) and RIA (Rich Internet Application). The framework combines REST with Web Services. As all business data and server-side functionality components have been published into web services with a unified interface through the REST way, the problems of poor user experience, system isomeric compatibility, system integration and mutual operation etc. are solved. The conclusion means a great deal to construct and run the WebGIS with high quality and efficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: By analyzing the technique features and functions of WebGIS, combined with the landslide disaster characteristics of Lanzhou city, taken MapGIS K9-IMS as map release platform, the landslide disaster information publishing based on WebGIS of Lanzhou city is built. This paper has introduced the overall structure of the system and its functional characteristics, as well as analyzed the key technologies and methods to conduct the system briefly. The system adopts B/S frameworks of three layers, designs and conducts each of the functional modules based on the thoughts of modularization and routing. It includes three modules: rainfall management, warning analysis, warning management, with the warning analysis module as its core. Doing the secondary development based on the MapGIS K9-IMS platform, it can realize these functions: storage and management, query and retrieval, warning and analysis, Web publishing, decision-making of landslide disaster information, etc., which can provide decision support for local disaster prevention and mitigation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The characteristic of agriculture and ecological system in Shule irrigation area were analyzed. The construction of irrigation area agriculture monitor and decision support system was discussed in the paper. According to the features in irrigate area in northwest of china, the system uses GIS technology on data capture, analysis and management and promotes the information application level on irrigation management. This system also provides strong technology support on water resource development, circular economy and zone sustainable development. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This research take the reservoir ecotope data as an object, facing reservoir management and decision-making. Saves the space geometric object data and the attribute data integration to the SQL Server2000 relational database through SuperMap SDX+, subsequently realizes the data management and maintenance. Uses JFreeChart technology, with which realizes the historical data front end statistical graph demonstration function. Provides a way to water quality evaluation model sequencing using Java programming language, Supermap Is Java controls and Ajax technology, by which make the reservoir ecotope evaluation more easier. At last, the research gives the Liuxi River reservoir as an example to show the main function and the visual effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper aims to introduce a marine and typhoon meteorological information system based on WebGIS and rich internet application(RIA), which integrate many kinds of data of typhoon and weather information according to a spatio-temporal model. The application based on such a system has been launched on the web with the URL http://typhoon.weather.com.cn/. This paper discusses the targets and design framework of the system, and analyzes the key problem of spatio-temporal model application in the system. Based on this typhoon information system, users can search every typhoon''s information in Pacific costal region from 1949, such as monitoring data, forecast, satellite images, radar images, weather alerts, typhoon tracks, etc. The system has a lot of advantages compares to other similar systems, and it is fit for promotion as practical applications in other fields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: As a resource-exhausted city, Tourism as a pillar industry of economic transformation in Zaozhuang is fostered as a key point. The development of tourism industry is closely related to the information technology. In the paper, after analyzing the tourism situation of Zaozhuang, WebGIS and Virtual Reality technology are applied to the tourism industry, and Tourism Information System in Zaozhuang is developed. The successful development of this system will be a great breakthrough in the tourism industry of Zaozhuang and make up the blank of no tourism information system in Zaozhuang. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The development of the regional agricultural resources industry has been attracting more and more scholastic attention, how to manage the information is the key in developing regional agricultural resources industry. And sharing the resources data real-time in the Internet is the difficult point and hotspot, This paper takes actual item as background, taking the forage crop of county-level cities in Inner Mongolia as the data source, using ArcGIS Server as the system development platform. It gives out the whole project design of the control system, introduces the work principle of regional agricultural information resources management Web GIS, and gives main procedure control flow chart. It has study the solution of applying WebGIS technology to the field of regional agriculture resources production and management. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In order to provide three-dimensional tourism information services to tourists in the Internet environment, tourism information system will be integrated with geographic information services. Based on WebGIS technology and B/S architecture, ESRI''s ArcIMS is adpoted as development platform, ASP.NET, JavaScript, ARCXML, and other network programming tools are used to do the secondary development for the client end. For tourists, tourismresources and services system, the system includes main functions: information search, typical marker, multimedia information display, spatial analysis and expert advisory. The system not only provides a convenient and inexpensive way to search tourism information for tourists, provides decision-making aids for tourists and tourism managers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The decision support system for irrigation based on WebGIS is developed by using GIS and components Technique. The main functions of the system are: basic information inquiring, forecasting the moisture of the soil, real-time watching and automatic controlling, disptching, report forms transaction, database management and system management. In addition to these function, many useful components are embed. The successful application in the 127th Tuan of the Seventh Division of Bingtuan shows the farther application in Bingtuan is feasible. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In arid area of western China, due to harsh natural conditions, ecosystems are less stable and easily affected by human activities. In recent decades, significant amount of research on the impact of human activity on environmental change in arid areas have been done. Though no particular conclusions were drawn, a number of eco-environmental data were accumulated. For lack of effective means of sharing, these data exit in form of “Information Island”. To use the data more efficiently, a WebGIS prototype for regional eco-environment service system is constructed using open source software such as PostgreSQL, PostGIS, GeoServer, OpenLayers and etc. Implementation techniques, system function and key procedures were also described. This system, of high practical value, will be able to provide the public, scientists, and administration with convenient and rapid access to eco-environmental information. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Sustainable management of forest ecosystems is essential for their future survival and evolution. In Greece, where the rate of deforestation is increasing every year, forest management is scheduled in 10-year plans. New technologies and evolving needs create the necessity of significant improvements in respect to regulations and methods of application in order to conform to international standards. A critical point in this case is the utilization of existing data which usually are in different and incompatible formats and are also lacking of any kind of metadata information. Having said that, in the framework of developing a more effective way of forest data management, a methodological approach is proposed. It is based on analogue and digital data evaluation, classification, updating and processing through GIS technologies serviced by an internet platform (WebGIS). Data access and utilization is through a WebGIS application built specifically for this purpose. The proposed methodology is applied in the area of Elatia forest in Drama, Greece where forest management plan data in analogue form, forest and topographic maps and collected field data were used. As resulted, the proposed methodological approach gives the ability to evaluate existing data in order to be used and periodically updated. Moreover, through the platform developed, forest management experts can have remote access to forest ecosystem data reducing overall costs and time needed and helping effectively manage forest ecosystems. The WebGIS system developed can be accessed equally by non expert GIS users so it helps improve data and result dissemination thus raising public awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: As one of the provinces of highest economic growth in coastal China, Zhejiang Province is experiencing serious geological disasters during the past development of economy, which are mainly induced by intensive rainfall during typhoon season or by long-term rainfall from May to June every year. Thus, supported by WEBGIS, a real-time warning system of regional landslides is studied. According to the characteristic of rainfall in Zhejiang province, the study divides the province into typhoon region and non-typhoon region, using statistic approach to study the correlation of regional landslides hazards and rainfall, rainfall intensity of typhoon region and non-typhoon region. By correlation analysis, effective rainfall model is defined, and the thresholds of effective rainfall and rainfall intensity are obtained. Combining these thresholds with spatial prediction production of landslides hazards, predictive models for landslide warning of Zhejiang Province are established. Then a real-time warning system of regional landslides explored by WEBGIS software is successfully developed considering both regional geology and rainfall process information. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In earthquake engineering, data share and publication of natural disaster information is in urgent need, and WebGIS resolution is the main problem for Internet publication. Through analyzing the technique function of WebGIS and the character of Internet publication, information publishing system of natural disaster is investigated. MapXtreme is a map application server in the server side which transmitting data as picture format and providing powerful spatial data analysis services for user. The system application is developed based on MapXtreme in Windows 2000 Server operating system, which achieved the real-time publication of natural disaster information in server and the real-time browse in client. In recent years, considerable interest has been focused on the use of GIS as a decision support system. According to the calculating results of ANN model, GIS-based maps are obtained, system structure and resolution for Internet publication is discussed. In order to improve the speed of data transmitting through Internet, ASP technique is combined with ActiveX controls. System application is developed with network language VBScript and JavaScript language under the ASP environment. The natural disaster prevention information is shown to customer as asp web page through the system application; customers can make various GIS operation and some analysis if necessary. Finally, some advice is proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article describes methods of usability testing of WEBGIS in Czech regional authority. It is not quite common to use usability testing of WEBGIS, however it is common in testing of software application. Actual status in the regional authority is described in the first chapter. Most of these WEBGIS are still under construction and mostly are not usable for general public. Contributions are in the second chapter. Reader can find benefits of usability testing there. The most significant part is the third chapter. It contains all important for usability testing. First of all it must be said how much usability evaluators are needed. There are types of tests too and how to make them. In this chapter are also proposed kinds of testing rooms which depend on financial capabilities of company. There are described simple single-room setup, simple single--room setup, modified single-room setup, electronic observation room setup and classic testing laboratory setup. In the last chapter are phases of usability testing. Usability testing has to begin before making WEBGIS. There must be an idea about functions that people want and also it should be revealed the design that will be taken as very comfortable. Names of these two tests are design test and function test. After making a part of WEBGIS it is good to make s test of prototype to find „all" mistakes. The word „all" is meant „as much as possible". The last test in preparing WEBGIS is product test. This test is used before bringing project into internet for general public. If these instructions will be taken into account there will be more usable WEBGIS and there will be more satisfied users. However there is also important that everything newly added on WEBGIS must be tested over again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: People’s strategies and choices to utilize tourism information have shifted dramatically over the years following ubiquitous access to the Internet. Despite the fact that many tourism information searches on the Internet involve geo-spatial information through WebGIS, little is known about tourists’ behavioral patterns with this media. The purpose of this study was to examine tourists’ trip situations, tasks, and perceptions toward WebGIS. An electronic survey method and multiple regression technique were used to collect and analyze data. Findings indicate that ‘usefulness’ and ‘playfulness’ were the key factors that determined the level of usage and interaction. Users showed distinct behavioral tendencies under different trip situations and task performances when searching tourism information using WebGIS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article focuses on the application of geospatial information through the established WebGeographic Information Systems (GIS) technology. It states that geospatial information allows the visualization and observation of regionality, history, and geography. It also notes the importance of geospatial-browsing in GIS education.