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Pseudorabies virus (PRV), in the family Herpesviridae, is a pathogen of Aujeszky's disease, which causes great economic losses to the pig industry. Recent outbreaks of Pseudorabies imply that new control measures are urgently needed. The present study shows that kaempferol is a candidate drug for controlling PRV infection, as it possesses the ability to inhibit PRV replication in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Kaempferol at a concentration of 52.40 µmol L−1could decrease PRV-induced cell death by 90%. With an 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 25.57 µmol L−1kaempferol was more effective than acyclovir (positive control) which has an IC50value of 54.97 µmol L−1. A mode of action study indicated that kaempferol inhibited viral penetration and replication stages, decreasing viral loads by 4- and 30-fold, respectively. Addition of kaempferol within 16 h post infection (hpi) could significantly inhibit virus replication, and viral genome copies were decreased by almost 15-fold when kaempferol was added at 2 hpi. Kaempferol regulated the NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways involved in PRV infection and changed the levels of the target genes of the MAPKs (ATF-2 and c-Jun) and NF-κB (IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-2) signaling pathways. The findings of the current study suggest that kaempferol could be an alternative measure to control PRV infection.

The present study investigated acute and subchronic toxicity and safety pharmacology of modified pulsatilla granules (MPG) to provide a basis for a comprehensive understanding of MPG toxicity. The results of acute toxicity testing showed that the median lethal dose of MPG was more than 5000 mg kg−1, suggesting that MPG was considered as practically non-toxic. The subchronic toxicity study for 30 days was conducted by daily oral administration at doses of 375, 750 and 1 500 mg kg−1in Sprague-Dawley rats. The results of subchronic toxicity study showed that the body weight and relative organ weight were not significantly changed by administration of MPG. The clinical chemistry study showed that MPG could induce kidney and liver damages. In histopathological, mild lesions in liver and kidney were also observed, suggesting that the liver and kidney might be potential target organs of MPG. In the safety pharmacology study, MPG did not exhibited any side effects to rats in cardiovascular system, respiratory system and central nervous system. These results suggested that MPG could be considered safe for veterinary use.

In this paper, we consider the problem of mu-stability of unbounded time-varying delays neural systems with nonlinear perturbations. Some mu-stability criterias are derived by using Lyapunov- Krasovski functional method . Those criteria are expressed in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs).

This paper is concerned with the problem of μ-stability of unbounded time-varying delays neural systems with impulsion. Some μ-stability criteria are derived by using Lyapunov- Krasovski functional method. Those criteria are expressed in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs).