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India has a large population of women in the reproductive age group of 10-50 years. Since menstruation is linked with the child-bearing capability of women, maintaining proper menstrual hygiene-practices is of vital importance. This research paper has explored the menstrual-related hygiene practices of women in the lower-income bracket, with particular reference to the usage of disposable sanitary napkins during menstruation in the Indian context. The study uses Smart PLS to analyze inter-linkages among educational awareness, healthcare facilities, and usage of sanitary napkins. Both the variables were found to have a significant impact on the usage of sanitary products during menstruation. The findings of this study suggest that improved educational awareness and better healthcare facilities can enhance the usage of sanitary napkins. It will pave the way for policy guidelines needed to improve the health conditions of women in lower segments of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proliferation of mobile phones has contributed in reducing the rural urban differential across several developing nations around the world. India is second to China in terms of mobile phone usage with ever increasing rural penetration of hardware and mobile service providers. The mobile phone technology has created a positive impact on, enhancing job prospects, improving literacy and healthcare and thereby contributing in poverty reduction. It has also enabled superior social network. In this work we report the results of a pilot study executed to understand the socioeconomic impact of mobile phones on the bottom of pyramid (BOP) population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We demonstrate that entrepreneurial adjustments are guided by whether social firms prioritize alleviating constraints internal to the firm or those that customers face. • We identify that such dynamic prioritization of constraints influence how firms mobilize resources and use operating routines from inception to market establishment. • By pursuing resource mobilization strategies and operating routines, firms generate 'depth' impact i.e. by expanding the number and type of activities or 'breadth' impact. • We develop a process model for scaling-up social firms, by developing propositions and by discussing implications. Scaling social impact is a challenge that innovative social firms operating in resource-constrained Bottom of Pyramid markets must address while also ensuring profitability. However, how scaling occurs is scarcely understood. By building on the case studies of two healthcare social enterprises located in India, we make four important contributions to the understanding of the scaling up process. First, we demonstrate that entrepreneurial adjustments are guided by whether social firms prioritize alleviating their internal constraints or those faced by customers. Second, we show how such dynamic prioritization of constraints influences how firms mobilize resources and use operating routines from inception to market establishment. Third, we illustrate how, by pursuing resource mobilization strategies and operating routines, firms generate a 'deep' impact by expanding the number and type of their activities or a 'broad' one by increasing their membership base and/or geographic area. Finally, our findings show that the prioritization of internal or customer constraints leads firms to establish different sequences of elements of institutional legitimacy—i.e., normative, regulatory, and cognitive ones. We conclude by presenting the development of a process model for scaling-up social firms, by developing our propositions and by discussing the implications of our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]