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Providing a corpus-based analysis of the contrastive connective -ciman in Korean, this study demonstrates that global connections are as frequent as local connections as opposed to previous literature. In representing various senses possible with a -ciman connection, this study adopts a fuzzy representation, where meanings range from conceptual to discoursal. The identified meanings include explicit contrast, denial of expectation, speech act hedges and idiomatic expressions. The fuzzy representation is supported for at least two reasons. First, categorization of some cases is often blurred. Second, it can better capture the relatedness of various meanings whose enduring sense concerns 'contrast'. It is further revealed that interpretations of -ciman phrases are compositionally made with co-occurring linguistic units. The "pragmatic" meanings of -ciman constructions are explained in terms of different levels of representations in which the contrast occurs. We further investigate the possibility of -ciman as a stance/discourse marker with accompanying expressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work studies the grammaticalization process of the counter-argumentative connector noresmenys from its origin as a quantifying adverb to the current value of concessive discourse marker, from the 13th to the 18th century. Within the framework of Cognitive Grammar, especially of Grammaticalization Theory and of the latest contributions around Construction Grammar, we explain the evolution of the concessive connector, paying special attention to the Theory of Argumentation and the dynamics of the Theory of Intersubjectification. With a vision of language and language change rooted in use, in this case, metadiscursive use, we carry out a revision of the conceptual sources and values of noresmenys documented in legal, administrative, epistolary and religious Catalan texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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