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The global climate issue is becoming increasingly serious, and studying the energy transition (ET) has proven to be an effective solution to this problem. The essence of climate mitigation is to address the issue of ensuring the public health (pH) of human beings. Still, the definitions of ET in existing literature are inconsistent, and Many researches overlook the definitions of ET in official documents and discuss the relationship between ET and pH. Therefore, this research utilizes panel data from 107 countries over the period 2000–2020 to construct an energy transition indicator based on the definition from the World Economic Forum (WEF). It also examines the link between ET and pH using a two-way fixed effects regression. In the current turbulent international environment, this paper also investigates this link in the context of composite risk control (CRC), financial risk control (FRC), economic risk control (ERC), and political risk control (PRC). The results show that ET can significantly improve pH, a conclusion that remains significant after being subjected to a range of robustness tests. The study exploring the mechanism impact on the relationship between ET and pH shows that CRC, FRC, ERC, and PRC all strengthen the effect of ET on pH, and the mechanism effect varies considerably between high-income and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); ET is more significantly affected by the mechanism in LMICs than in high-income countries. Furthermore, this paper illustrates that ET does not differ by gender in improving pH among infants, while there are gender differences in adults by using the instrumental variable regression and GMM regression to mitigate the endogenous and heteroscedasticity issue for heterogeneity test. The study in this paper can not only inspire policy researchers on which aspects to promote ET, but also provide a direction for improving pH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy aspires to boost decarbonisation and power the circular economy in accordance with the Green Deal objectives. The transition, however, faces many challenges and understanding the drivers behind it is essential. This paper analyses 27 European Union countries for the period 2008 - 2020 to identify economic and social determinants influencing renewable energy consumption. The results indicate that the population density, education, economic growth, digitalisation and research and development have a considerable positive impact. Urbanisation, on the other hand, appears to exert a negative influence. In addition, the empirical findings reveal a unidirectional causal relationship running from education, economic growth and energy poverty towards renewable energy consumption. This research provides useful insights into important drivers of renewable energy adoption which can facilitate or hinder the energy transition and achievement of carbon neutrality goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Energiewende (energy transition) is the dynamic and contested project of energy transition in Germany. It encompasses both the sociotechnical transformation of the German electricity system and the reorganization of the sector's ownership structure. In this paper, we present a Capital-as-Power (CasP) based analysis, investigating industrial path-dependency and innovation as part of the dialectics of power and sociotechnical change in capitalism. According to CasP, dominant capital seeks to increase its differential accumulation, i.e., accumulation relative to a benchmark. Energiewende policies initially decreased the differential accumulation of dominant electricity firms in Germany. However, we find that by concentrating their control over the shrinking conventional generation capacity, while variable generation expanded, dominant firms gained the leverage needed to increase differential prices and profits, thus managing to regain sectoral control by increasing their threat to reliable power supply. We find that these processes coincide with spatial centralization, ownership concentration, and decreasing penetration rates of renewable energy resources in Germany. By presenting new conceptual tools and empirical findings, we trace the ways in which the recovery of dominant capital in the German electricity sector shapes and restricts energy transition processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Exploring causes driving interest in SDGs 7 & 13 in the US. • Links among energy transition, fossil fuels, green innovation, economic complexity. • Using dynamic ARDL and FDC for long-medium and short-run causality. • Results revealed energy transition, fossil fuels, economic complexity boost CO 2 emissions. • Green innovation cuts CO 2 emissions, ecological impact in the long term. The United States, as the world's second-largest polluter, emitted a staggering 4.7 billion metric tonnes of carbon dioxide in 2020. During the Leaders' Climate Summit, the US president articulated precise targets for combating climate change, notably a 50 to 52 percent reduction in net CO 2 emissions from 2005 levels by 2030. Consequently, it becomes imperative to identify the pivotal factors that are driving this intensified dedication to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Hence, it is vibrant to determine the basic causes propelling the intensified interest in meeting SDGs 7 and 13. From this perspective, this study explores the dynamic link between energy transition, fossil fuel energy, green innovation, and economic complexity index on CO 2 emissions and ecological footprint in the United States from 1980 to 2020. The dynamic Autoregressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) simulations and Frequency Domain Causality (FDC) techniques are applied for long-medium and short-run causal association among the variables. Our empirical evidence shows that energy transition, fossil fuel energy, and economic complexity increase CO 2 emissions and ecological footprint. On the other hand, green innovation reduces CO 2 emissions and ecological impact only in the long term. The pragmatic outcomes suggest that authorities should inhibit Fossil Fuel Energy, concentrate on energy transitions, and include more renewable sources in the US energy mix. The findings would assist the United States in meeting SDGs 7 and 13. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the impact of institutional quality on accelerating the energy transition in the Western Balkans. The region's heavy dependence on energy means the transition to cleaner energy sources will affect GDP growth. However, improving institutional quality can speed up the process by increasing energy efficiency, reducing pollution, and decreasing reliance on energy imports. The Western Balkan countries must adopt the EU's goal of energy transition and reducing CO2 emissions as part of their path to joining the European Union. However, institutional factors such as corruption, weak governance, political instability, and the rule of law have hindered individual countries' progress. This study used data from the World Development Indicator and the International Energy Agency from 2005 to 2020 to investigate the relationship between institutions, energy transition, and economic growth in the Western Balkans. The study employed four econometric models using random and fixed effects regression methods. The results revealed a positive and statistically significant impact from CO2 emissions, governance effectiveness, final consumption expenditures, and trade openness in total energy consumption. Conversely, GDP per capita, the deterioration of controlling corruption and political stability have a negative impact on total energy consumption. In contrast, control of corruption significantly impacts renewable energy growth. The findings also revealed that, even though the increase in total energy consumption raises GDP, it negatively impacts GDP per capita due to energy inefficiency and a large portion of the energy expenses from individual incomes. In contrast, renewable energy consumption positively impacts GDP and GDP per capita. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the current challenges to solar energy capacity building in the EU in attempting to achieve both, the sustainable development goals and bigger energy independence from third countries. One particular challenge concerns the risks to investors in solar energy industry, deriving from the fastgrowing number of solar installations across the Member States while the existing electricity cross-border grid cannot meet the needs of the EU energy market. This leads to wasting green energy and negative prices that affect the return on investment, apart from existing bureaucratic obstacles and regulatory difficulties. The paper argues that this and other socio-economic and political uncertainties and flaws such as occupational issues and the lack of long-term EU and state policies supporting solar energy investments in some countries do hinder the energy transition. Therefore, it is necessary that investments in solar energy address all these challenges otherwise finding alternatives to energy dependence on Russia and achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals will be jeopardized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the neo-colonial inf luence in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries' energy transitions, relating energy neocolonialism with power asymmetries. Most CEE countries began to reduce their reliance on Russian energy after the Cold War, elevating energy security to new levels around 2010. Although European Union (EU) norms have helped counteract Russia's inf luence on energy, they have brought about a neoliberal neo-colonialism. On the one hand, the CEE countries need reliable and affordable energy supplies to maintain their economic growth, which leaves them prone to the Russian inf luence. On the other hand, the EU's energy rules and regulations, which disregarded the CEE countries' interests, have resulted in disobedience. The article employs the degrowth concept to examine energy neo-colonialism in the CEE, contending that the concept stands out as a hopeful signpost for realizing the scenario wherein the CEE countries' interests can be protected and prioritized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the mid-21st century, natural gas will enter its golden age, and the era of natural gas is arriving. This paper reviews the development stages of global natural gas industry and the enlightenment of American shale gas revolution, summarizes the development history and achievements of the natural gas industry in China, analyzes the status and challenges of natural gas in the green and low-carbon energy transition, and puts forward the natural gas industry development strategies under carbon neutral target in China. The natural gas industry in China has experienced three periods: start, growth, and leap forward. At present, China has become the fourth largest natural gas producer and third largest natural gas consumer in the world, and has made great achievements in natural gas exploration and development theory and technology, providing important support for the growth of production and reserves. China has set its goal of carbon neutrality to promote green and sustainable development, which brings opportunities and challenges for natural gas industry. Natural gas has significant low-carbon advantages, and gas-electric peak shaving boosts new energy development; the difficulty and cost of development are more prominent. For the national energy security and harmonious development between economy and ecology under the carbon neutral goal, based on the principle of "comprehensive planning, technological innovation, multi-energy complementarity, diversified integration, flexibility and efficiency, optimization and upgrading", the construction of the production-supplystorage-marketing system has to be improved so as to boost the development of the natural gas industry. First, it is necessary to strengthen efforts in the exploration and development of natural gas, making projects and arrangement in key exploration and development areas, meanwhile, it is urgent to make breakthroughs in key science theories and technologies, so as to increase reserve and production. Second, it should promote green and innovative development of the natural gas by developing new techniques, expanding new fields and integrating with new energy. Third, there is a demand to realize transformation and upgrading of the supply and demand structure of natural gas by strengthening the layout of pipeline gas, liquefied natural gas and the construction of underground gas storage, establishing reserve system for improving abilities of emergency response and adjustment, raising the proportion of natural gas in the primary energy consumption and contributing to the transformation of energy consumption structure, realizing low-carbon resources utilization and clean energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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[Display omitted] • Investigated the impact of climate-tech and energy transition on CO 2 emissions. • Role of environmental regulations is also considered. • Climate-tech and energy transition improves the environmental quality. • Environmental regulations are negatively associated with CO 2 emissions. • Policies are proposed to promote sustainable development in EU countries. The transition from conventional energy to clean energy is the ultimate strategy to reduce global CO 2 emissions. In this regard, climate technologies (climate-tech) can pave the way toward achieving the capabilities required to promote alternative energy and energy saving. In addition, environmental regulations can support technological upgrading, energy transition, and emissions reduction to promote sustainable development. With this in view, this study investigates the impact of climate technologies (climate-tech) and energy transitions on CO 2 emissions in the European Union (EU) member countries. Further, we examine the role of environmental regulation in the relationship between climate-tech, energy transition, and CO 2 emissions. The empirical analysis is conducted based on international panel data for 26 EU countries ranging from 1994 to 2019, and the Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCE-MG) method is employed to estimate the coefficients of the variables. The outcomes of the analysis indicate that both climate-tech and energy transitions mitigate environmental degradation by reducing carbon emissions. Additionally, environmental regulations are found to be an effective monitoring and controlling tool that can significantly reduce CO 2 emissions. Moreover, economic growth and urbanization as control variables contribute to increasing CO 2 emissions, thus negatively affecting environmental sustainability. The causal analysis demonstrates that decision-making trends related to climate-tech, energy transition, and environmental regulations influence CO 2 emissions. Conversely, strategies for coping with CO 2 emissions and climate change will affect energy transitions and environmental regulations. In light of these analytical findings, this paper proposes that EU countries should vigorously develop climate-related green technologies and actively promote the energy transition process along with the implementation of environmental regulations for sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The clean energy transition has entered the policy discourse and government agenda of the Caspian oil-producing countries of Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan. Both countries have set a target to increase the share of renewable energy sources (RES) in total energy production by 2030. This article presents a comparative analysis of Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan in their paths to a low-carbon sources of energy covering the status of RES, renewable energy targets, and the role of government policy schemes in promoting renewable energy (RE) deployment. The study shows that despite some commonalities in the initial conditions (such as Soviet-era legacies of fossil-fuel-based infrastructure, a high degree of dependence on oil and gas rents, and dominance of state-owned enterprises), Kazakhstan adopted a more targeted regulatory framework and more elaborate policy schemes with regards to renewables than Azerbaijan did. In the latter case, the introduction of relevant renewable legislation has been significantly delayed or implemented only partially. As a result, Kazakhstan has performed relatively more successfully on advancing non-conventional renewable energy targets: non-hydro renewable sources accounted for 3% of total electricity generated in Kazakhstan and made up only 1% of electricity produced in Azerbaijan (as of 2020). This article highlights the following factors that stand out in explaining these variable outcomes: the degree of economic liberalization, quality of governance of the oil and gas sector, regulatory frameworks, and policy support schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the informal settlement of Langas, Kenya, access to domestic energy for cooking is a complex and multifaceted issue. Political and infrastructural efforts have promoted LPG gas bottles as a cleaner and more efficient alternative to traditional fuels like firewood and kerosene. However, residents demonstrate a diverse set of contextual concerns that challenge gas bottles' uptake and prompt questions about how straightforward these energy transitions can be. The ethnographic study I conducted in Langas reveals a significant gap between the way energy transitions to clean fuels are imagined by energy policies and stakeholders and how these are experienced by end-users. While energy policies often reduce energy transitions to mere technological shifts, local communities show that access to energy is a social rather than a technical issue and requires a more inclusive, context-specific, and culturally sensitive approach so that energy solutions appropriate and responsive to their needs can be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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When developed countries invest in developing countries there is often a trade-off between economic growth and environmental quality, but is this inevitable? Previous studies have concluded that one consequence of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is the transfer of polluting industries. However, there has been insufficient analysis of the pollutant consequence of this investment, as this may arise from the lack of renewable energy infrastructure to satisfy peaked energy demand. Using data from 17 developing countries from 2000–2020, this study undertakes an in-depth analysis of the effects of FDI and Private Participation in Energy Infrastructure (PPEI) investment on economic growth, pollution, and energy transition using a Seemingly Unrelated Regression model. The results reveal that FDI increases pollution and non-renewable energy consumption but, conversely, PPEI promotes energy transition, potentially mitigating the polluting impact of FDI. Developing countries can pursue long-term environmentally-sustainable economic growth by attracting private investment in their energy infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Meeting the European Commission's 'Fit for 55' climate goals by the year 2030 in the context of the trilemma of security of supply, environmental sustainability, and competitiveness will require concerted efforts from the Member States on all fronts. Among others, it will require optimised techno-economic solutions that offer sustainable decarbonisation pathways for the concurrent decarbonisation of many sectors of the economy. This paper attempts to provide empirical evidence of the 'rooftop solar PV+EV concept' efficacy as a promising pathway to decarbonise France's transport, power and building sectors concurrently. Using the System Advisor Model (SAM), we find that if rooftop solar PV is installed on half of the available roof space, and if half of the passenger vehicle owners replace their internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) with EVs by 2030, then France can meet 20 %–42 % of total electricity demand in the three most populous cities. Moreover, the solar PV + EV coupling can reduce CO 2 emissions from passenger vehicle use and electricity generation by 43 %–48 %. Also, the coupling can be a potentially worthwhile investment with a payback period of 2–3 years, a levelised cost of energy (LCOE) of about €0.04/kWh, and a net present value (NPV) of €6–19 billion without a feed-in tariff. We analyse the potential implementation challenges of the 'rooftop solar PV + EV concept' and propose some solutions. Finally, we argue that coupling rooftop solar PV + EV in cities is a cost-effective strategy to decarbonise urban energy, transport and building sectors concurrently. Therefore, the government should consider enacting combined rooftop solar PV + EV decarbonisation policies that offer economic and environmental benefits. • Rooftop solar PV+EV can meet 20%-42% of electricity demand in France's three most populous cities. • Rooftop solar PV+EV can reduce CO 2 emissions from vehicle use and power generation by 43%-48%. • Coupling PV+ EV can be a potentially worthwhile investment with a payback period of 2-3 years, an LCOE of €0.04/kWh, and an NPV of €6-19 billion without a feed-in tariff. • Coupling rooftop solar PV+EV in cities is a cost-effective strategy to decarbonise urban energy, transport and building sectors. • The government should consider enacting PV+EV combined decarbonisation policies that can offer economic and environmental benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the relationship between urban form, residential rooftop solar PV potential, and levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) in high-income, middle-class, and low-income neighborhoods in Accra, Ghana. Using building footprint data, ArcGIS Pro, and linear regression analysis, we find a statistically significant association between urban form parameters (building density, neighborhood compactness, building footprint area, suitable rooftop area, and near distance between buildings) and the rooftop solar PV potential in all the three types of neighborhoods. However, the well-planned high-income neighborhood exhibited the highest rooftop solar PV potential with low LCOE values for most houses, while the lowest rooftop PV potential and highest LCOE values were found in the largely unplanned low-income neighborhood. The low-income neighborhood exhibited higher density with clustered building patterns and, consequently, lower rooftop PV potential. The LCOE ranged between $0.02/kWh-$0.19/kWh for most buildings, with 92 %, 74 %, and 51 % of houses in the high-income, middle-class, and low-income neighborhoods falling within this range, respectively. We conclude that while capital subsidies for residential solar PV can boost their uptake by urbanites, their effectiveness could be limited in low-income neighborhoods due to the limitations imposed by their urban form. It may be more appropriate for policy interventions to target such neighborhoods with community solar schemes while targeting high-income neighborhoods with building integrated solar photovoltaics. [Display omitted] • Rooftop solar PV potential is higher in high-income neighborhoods than in low-income ones. • Neighborhoods with low building density and dispersed layouts have higher solar PV potential. • Urban form could impede the diffusion of solar PV in cities. • Solar energy considerations need to be mainstreamed into urban planning and design. • Urban energy transition theories need to incorporate socio-spatial dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transformation of the energy system using hydrogen energy is one of the key challenges facing the world today. The problem primarily concerns the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which is necessary to stop climate change. The current energy system is mainly based on fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil, which are the source of greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, the demand for energy is increasing, which in turn contributes to the increase in emissions. Hydrogen energy is a potential solution to the emission problem, because hydrogen is a clean energy carrier, the combustion of which does not emit CO2 or other harmful substances. What's more, hydrogen can be produced from renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind or water energy, thanks to which its production can be completely environmentally neutral. However, there are many problems associated with the use of hydrogen as an energy carrier. First of all, hydrogen cannot be obtained directly from nature - it must be produced from other substances, which requires energy consumption and often has low energy efficiency. In addition, hydrogen is very light and requires a large volume to be stored in gaseous form, posing challenges to storage and transportation infrastructure. Another problem is the high cost of hydrogen production, especially in the case of green hydrogen, which is produced from renewable energy sources. The implementation of new hydrogen technologies also requires investment in infrastructure, which is costly and takes time. In addition, not all countries yet have appropriate legal regulations and policies that support the development of hydrogen technologies. The challenges associated with the use of hydrogen energy are manifold and require an interdisciplinary approach that takes into account technological as well as economic, social and political aspects. However, with the development of technologies and energy policies favoring the green transition, hydrogen energy can play a key role in the future energy system. The article uses a wide range of analysis of source documents, case studies, statistical data analysis and SWOT analysis for the above topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Greenfield Investment reduces the promotion of renewable energy and contributes to the environmental degradation. • Economic complexity improves the environment's quality by reducing the carbon footprint. • Financial inclusion positively contributes to promoting renewable energy. • BRICS countries are still achieving economic growth at the expense of environmental quality. An accurate environmental quality assessment is crucial to create an effective climate framework to combat environmental problems. A pertinent climate purpose is being offered based on greenfield investment and financial inclusion to support the energy transition, especially in light of the most recent conference on climate change (COP27). The study employed batteries of techniques to investigate the drivers of carbon footprint in BRICS nations from 2003 to 2018. The results demonstrate that the carbon footprint and its drivers have long-term co-integration linkages. The results of the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) show that, urbanization, greenfield investments and economic complexity represent a constraint to the transition to renewable energy. On the one hand, it is reflected in its positive contribution to enhancing the carbon footprint. Moreover, urbanization has assisted in encouraging renewable energy sources. Based on these findings, it is proposed that the industrial sector takes a more active role in economic complexity to strengthen the BRICS countries' potential for renewable energy and that more investment is made in clean and renewable energy sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The successful implementation of clean cooking programs can considerably impact health, CO2 emissions, and household safety. However, this success will depend on the extent to which clean cooking programs target the right populations, and account for potential adoption barriers. To identify who these populations are, the present work relies on comparable household datasets from Guatemala, Peru, and Ecuador, and econometric analysis. Findings show that the characteristics of populations that clean coking programs should target vary considerably by country, and that households that are urban, more educated and with a female head, are most likely to adopt clean cooking. These quantitative results, however, only capture one side of the story. The other side has to do with potential barriers to adoption. To identify these barriers, we conduct a thorough review of the existing literature and complement it with findings from semi-structured interviews carried out during fieldwork. We find that barriers exist both before and after the initial adoption, and that the most important ones are informational, institutional, and cultural and traditional. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to rely on comparable household datasets and qualitative evidence to assess clean cooking programs in Guatemala, Peru and Ecuador. • Clean cooking improves life expectancy and reduces air pollution. • Urban and female-led households are more likely to adopt. • Income as a determining factor is inconclusive. • The strongest barriers to adoption are informational, institutional, and traditional. • Programs need to be tailored to country and local community needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assesses Cameroon's future energy demand, associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the impact of various low-carbon transition policies on the energy system from 2016 to 2045. The Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) model was used to develop the Reference (REF scenario) and three alternative scenarios: the Medium Transition Scenario (MTS), High Transition Scenario (HTS) and Advanced Transition Scenario (ATS). The alternative scenarios define varying ambitions in implementing energy efficiency, demand side management and fuel switching policies on the energy demand sector in the country for socioeconomic development. Results for the REF scenario shows the energy demand and associated GHG emissions increase to 9079.98 ktoe and 10.2 Mt CO 2 e by 2045, representing annual growth rates of 3.53 % and 2.69 % respectively. The alternative scenarios all experience varying and lower growth rates compared to the REF scenario, the least under the ATS. This indicates switching to cleaner fuels in the residential and transport sectors hold the highest potential for emission savings. The study further recommends key energy efficiency and demand side management measures, financial incentives and other strategies the government could adopt to achieves significant energy emissions reduction. • Energy efficiency and cleaner fuels are essential strategies to minimize the energy needed for Cameroon's development. • Energy demand and GHG emissions of Cameroon respectively increase to 9086.3 ktoe and 10.2 Mt CO2e in 2045. • The residential sector continues to the be highest consumer in spite of government's long-term industrialization goals. • Higher per capita income results in a lower rate of total energy demand growth compared to lower per capita income. • Standardization, coordination and regulation are necessary to fully attain its universal access to clean energy objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several African countries are experiencing problems with overcapacity in their energy sectors on a scale that cannot be explained or justified with reference to the volatility of supply alone. This constitutes a paradox in contexts where many people do not have access to modern energy. Based on a review of the scant existing literature, this paper provides an overview of existing explanations for overcapacity and discusses its potential implications. It identifies three general explanations whose relative weight, however, differ from one country to another, namely the quality of planning and management, national ideology and political interests, and the role of donors and private investors. Among the potential implications are not only the increasing deficits and debts of public utilities, higher tariffs and reduced access to energy, but also delays in energy transitions. This has policy implications for energy-sector planning, including the role of bureaucracies and experts, the management of public utilities and debt, and tariffs, as well as for procurement and contracting. Overall, more research is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Czech presidency of the Council of the EU faced a challenging term, commencing just months after Russia invaded Ukraine. Its priorities were to maintain the unity of the European bloc against Moscow, manage the energy crisis, and adhere to the ambitious climate agenda. During its term, the Czech presidency significantly improved the EU?s energy security by promoting energy solidarity, cooperation, and reaching key agreements on issues such as the windfall tax or reduction of gas demand. Although the climate policy remained in sight, the revisions of the Renewable Energy Directive and Energy Efficiency Directive not only lacked momentum and important commitments, such as an agreement on reducing energy demand, but also strong compulsory measures. Despite the Czech presidency's prioritization of security of supply over ambitious climate goals, its overall successful performance in both areas has contributed to aligning energy and climate policies between Western and Eastern Europe in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The upscaling of a technology has different facets that should be considered with anticipatory environmental assessment to deem its sustainability before industrialization. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology is widely used to assess a product sustainability based on technologies. LCA is however usually applied after technology deployment, as a comparative approach validating the efficiency of the previous technology usage. Anticipatory LCA developments are therefore needed to help designers and engineers to investigate the sustainability of future technology implementations. This article paves the way to enhance ex-ante (or prospective) studies with an absolute sustainability framework, thus demonstrating the incompleteness of current developments on the upscaling from the designer's perspective. This is achieved through a case study applied on two photovoltaic technologies, silicon mono-crystalline and silicon/perovskite tandem in France, and in the current and the 2050 perspectives. Results show that assigning absolute sustainability targets at the technology level provides a new design framework, resulting in a go/no-go strategy. The minimal environmental performance requirements associated to technology deployment conditions through scenarios are identified. During this process, however, questioning the temporal and spatial scope of the study remains crucial to design a sustainable technology and the corresponding service it provides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability and durability are not always synonyms when related to Energy Related Products. Europe has set goals to reduce the environmental impact due to the production of electricity. This paper accomplishes needs to investigate whether using a durable product for many years is more convenient, from an environmental perspective, than substituting the good with a new one. It assesses the environmental sustainability of durable products, taking the case of two single-door freestanding refrigerators used in Europe. In doing so the change in the composition of sources used in the production of electricity is considered. This is then compared with durability results, assuming the yearly energy consumption to be stable over time. The results highlight that introducing additional parameters that describe more accurately the real case can help in drafting a more precise description of reality, even though makes the use of full indexes mandatory. Water use and Mineral Resource Scarcity indicators there are clear trends, whose common thread is the use of simplified or extended durability index formula. The reduction of fossils and the decreased impact related to the consumption of energy make the weight of production and disposal phases heavier in the lifecycle impact distribution and increase the positive contribution of the durability index (P n + E n). For Global Warming Potential impact category (for which use phase retains at least 80% of the environmental impacts) there isn't any clear trend: it urges to describe energy grid mix variations or other factors according to realistic parameters. Future works should consider the consequences of the energy mix due to the geopolitical criticalities Europe is facing and introduce additional parameters that describe how the product performance change over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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District heating in European, Chinese, and Russian cities is still mainly produced with fossil fuels. Energy-system reconfiguration is essential to achieve full decarbonization, which calls for a greater understanding of how to engage key investors in market transformation and how to formulate effective policy mixes. This article reports on how decarbonization could be accelerated in district-heating systems in Finland with stakeholder orientation especially on key investors consisting of companies focused on district-heating, data-center management, real estate development, and sewage operations. The technological attention is on the excess and ambient heat systems. Drawing from surveys, interviews, and workshops we identified investment barriers and collected policy and strategy proposals to overcome them. The results demonstrate that diversifying and strengthening the policy and strategy mix is needed to overcome barriers related to profitability, political uncertainties, and underdeveloped cooperation and profit-sharing models. Policy co-design with key investors holds potential to improve the effectiveness and acceptability of policies, but with certain limitations as regime actors tend to oppose the types of destabilization needed to achieve full decarbonization of energy systems. Thus, effective policy co-design processes need further development as collaboration is a success factor to achieve climate change-mitigation targets, but simultaneously tensions and conflicts cannot be avoided when accelerating energy-system transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Planning discussions in a regulatory vacuum revolve around past experiences. • Negotiating memories in planning institutions impacts the diffusion of wind energy. • Institutional memories guide planning decisions when no adequate regulations exist. • Institutional memories shape the rules and regulations of emerging markets. • The use of machine learning methods reveals complex patterns in qualitative data. Memories of past experiences are at the heart of innovation processes, yet because they are difficult to operationalize, their role in the renewable energy transition remains elusive. Applying the concept of spillover to operationalize institutional memory, the current study addresses this problem for the first time. It examines how different actors in a planning institution in Israel reached decisions regarding 22 new wind projects by focusing on institutional memory as an explanatory variable. Our findings indicate that planning institutions relied on institutional memory to make decisions regarding contentious issues. Furthermore, they suggest that actors use institutional memories strategically to shape nascent rules and regulations in the regulatory vacuum of an emerging market. Employing machine learning methods to study the effect of institutional memory on the diffusion of wind energy opens up new research avenues in the dynamics of unfolding diffusion processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]