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Copyright of Szociológiai Szemle is the property of Hungarian Sociological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: We explore gender differences in support of the norm that children must provide care for their parents. Background: Society's values and norms play a crucial role in deciding whether to provide family care. We investigate these values and norms on family care by analyzing which individual and country level factors affect them. Method: We use data from the European Values Study wave 5 and multilevel regression techniques. The question, "Adult children have the duty to provide long-term care for their parents", serves as our dependent variable. The explanatory variables at the individual level are gender and further socio-demographic variables. At the country level, we include expenditures on health care, and the female labor force participation rate. Results: The results show that women, as well as those living in countries with high expenditure on health care and high female labor force participation rates, are less supportive of the norm that children have an obligation to provide care for their parents. Furthermore, the gender effect is stronger in countries with a higher female labor force participation rate. Conclusion: Norms and values on family care are not fixed and can change, as suggested by the differences between countries. They are also not shared by all social groups equally, as the differences between women and men and along other socio-demographics show. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive production and use of plastics in recent decades has led to environmental pollution. It has been discovered that plastic microparticles (MPs) and nanoparticles (NPs), formed under the influence of physical forces, can pose a significant health risk. Increasing evidence indicates that NPs can have various toxic effects, including oxidative stress and cell death. However, the mechanisms underlying their toxicity are still under investigation. In this study, we examined whether polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) are internalized in primary astrocytes. We tracked their intracellular fate and search for potential interference with the intercellular communication pathway mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). Primary astrocyte cultures were exposed to fluorescent PS-NPs at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 25 and 50 µg/mL for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Based on electron microscopic analysis and confocal imaging, we determined that PS-NPs are internalized in astrocytes and accumulate in the cytoplasm in a concentration-dependent manner, localizing to endosomal-lysosomal system. Astrocytes exposed to PS-NPs form EVs containing encapsulated PS-NPs, which are released into the culture medium after 72 h of exposure and can be transferred via this route to other cells. As shown by proteomic analysis, PS-NPs affects the composition of the protein cargo of released EVs by decreasing the representation of proteins such as CD47, CSTB and CNDP2. Intercellular transport of PS-NPs in primary astrocytes is mediated by EVs system. EV-mediated release of PS-NPs may alleviate their toxicity in a single astrocyte but may also contribute to the spread of their toxic effect to neighbouring astrocytes. Exposure to PS-NPs interferes with the mechanism of protein sorting, thereby potentially influencing the EV-mediated cell-cell communication pathway. [Display omitted] • Plastic nanoparticles (PS-NPs) are internalized in primary astrocytes upon exposure. • PS-NPs are incorporated into extracellular vesicles (EVs) and released by the cells. • The sorting of PS-NPs into EVs cargo is concentration- and time-dependent. • The composition of the protein cargo in EVs is changed by exposure to PS-NPs. • PS-NPs are transported between cells via an EV-mediated system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various types of cancer pose a notable threat to human health globally. To date, many researchers have undertaken the search for anticancer therapies. However, many anticancer therapeutic approaches accompany many undesirable hazards. In this respect, extracellular vesicles as a whole gained excessive attention from the research community owing to their remarkable potential for delivery of anticancer agents since they are involved in distal intercellular communication via biological cargoes. With the discovery of the fact that tumor cells discharge huge quantities of EVs, new insights have been developed in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TD-EVs) can be distinguished from the normal cell-derived EVs due to the presence of specific labels on their surface. TD-EVs carry specific oncogenic proteins and the nucleic acids on their surface membrane that participate in tumor progression. Moreover, the proportion of these nucleic acids and the protein greatly varies among malignant and healthy cell-derived EVs. The diagnostic potential of TD-EVs can be implied for the more precise and early-stage detection of cancer that was impossible in the past. This review examines the recent progress in prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic potential of the EVs derived from the tumor cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the meanings attributed to work in contemporary Polish society in the context of Inglehart and Welzel's claim regarding the passage from survival to self-expression values. Research has documented a systematic decline in the position of work on the list of the most important values. However, work is also documented as being of fundamental importance for identity, self-esteem, and the delimitation of social categories. The authors offer a mixed-methods approach to the issue of work. Based on quantitative data gathered through the EVS, they place Poland in the context of European trends pertaining to the significance and centrality of work. Using qualitative evidence, the authors identify and reconstruct the key social representations employed to think about and discuss work-related issues. In conclusion, they point to structural elements of the social imaginary of work that result in the coexistence of different (often contradictory) perceptions of this sphere of social life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In this study, possible alternations in a regional transport sector are assessed to increase the use of renewable resources. Three scenarios are developed aimed to investigate different alternatives including potential straw-based bioethanol supply to fuel regional cars with combustion engines, more use of Electrical Vehicles (EVs) with use of potential power from solar energy, and the feasibility of application of hybrid cars fueled with electricity and bioethanol. The evaluation considers the reduction in CO 2 emissions and increased balance in energy demand and supply. Results of the study indicate that application of hybrid vehicles with bioethanol-fueled engines and electrical motors could potentially reduce the CO 2 emissions compared with other proposed approaches in the studied scenarios. At the same time, there would be a balance in the system, so that, the potential bioethanol supply from the available cereal straw in the region can meet the energy demand of suggested hybrid cars in wintertime. While, the energy supply from the grid-connected solar cells installed on the rooftop of the buildings can cover the electricity need of the motor during summer. This approach will also result in increased use of renewables in the transportation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Traditional field-oriented control (FOC) exists two disadvantages: 1) the PI parameters are difficult to set, 2) the current dynamic response is slow. Compared with FOC, deadbeat predictive current control (DPCC) will result in better dynamic performance and debugging. This paper intends to compare the advantages and disadvantages of DPCC against FOC with simulation and experiment. Two approaches are newly used in the simulation to compare the current-tracking performance, and then the algorithms of DPCC and FOC are experimentally verified based on a 2.6kW permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control platform. The simulation and experiment results demonstrate that DPCC is suitable for occasions where the PMSM of electric vehicles (EVs) require high dynamic performance, while FOC is more suitable for occasions with high steady-state accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel decision framework developed for delineation of EV charging station. • Assignment of the EVCS determined using GIS, MIF, and TOPSIS. • 50 ideal EVCS locations were identified, and the top 20 were ranked. • Sensitivity analysis showed the proximity to roads is most influential parameter. • This study helpful for supporting sustainable transportation and energy. Fossil fuels cause air pollution and climate change, impacting human health. Mumbai imports and spends heavily on petroleum. Therefore, to reduce the amount of fossil fuel and for mitigating environmental issues, the use of electric vehicles (EVs) is an effective solution. The first priority towards supporting the widespread adoption of EVs is the availability of convenient charging stations. This research aims to delineate the optimal places for new electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) in study area. The interrelationship of thirteen parameters have been used to determine the Multi Influencing Factor (MIF) weights. These MIF weights were then integrated into Geographical Information System (GIS) for weighted overlay analysis. Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) used to assign ranks based on suitability index values. The result shows that the zone falling between 297.587 to 488.520 suitability index has suitability for EVCS. The proposed methodology offers a more precise solution for EVCS problems with a high level of uncertainty and assists policymakers and administrators in making effective decisions for future planning and strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the place universal solidarity and „dignity for all‟ principles have in common thinking about just society in situation of their long-term marginalisation in political discourse and discourse about living conditions of vulnerable groups in Slovakia. First it scrutinises sociological literature dealing with conditions for expanding and sustaining universal solidarity. Theoretical framework based on the ideas of Durkheim, Joas and Alexander about the role of cultivating emotions and cultural articulation of suffering in expansion of solidarity is used to identify the gaps in discursive resources that are necessary for advocating right to dignity for groups that tend to be morally excluded. Then it analyses the transcripts of 8 focus groups, the scenario of which replicates the EVS 2017 items testing universalistic solidarity as warranting basic living conditions for all and concern about living conditions of diverse social groups. The findings support the expectation that the missing discursive backing will threaten the advocacy of solidarity for vulnerable groups such as Roma and long-term unemployed. Advocates of universal solidarity were marginalised and universal solidarity rather pugnaciously refused for being in clash with meritocratic and reciprocity principles. A very existence of welfare system that supposedly privileges Roma to the detriment of underprivileged “white” majority was seen as distortion of principle of equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides a critical evaluation of the gender role attitude scale included in the fourth wave of the European Values Study. The goodness of this scale is tested considering first of all its reliability and the stability of the factorial structure. The results suggest caution in the use of this instrument: the scale presents a deep variation in reliability across countries and its configuration is not stable, displaying several different factor structures from one country to another. In considering the source of this instability, this study addresses a priming effect due to questions introduced in 2008 immediately prior to the use of the gender role attitudes scale that modified the context of response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ministry of Education, Science and Sports introduced a so-called eVŠ information system - Records and analytical information system for higher education (HE) in the Republic of Slovenia. eVŠ performs two roles - it is a tool for various HE stakeholders to rationalize their time, efforts, and costs, and an analytical tool that facilitates evidence-based HE policy-making for further development of the Slovenian HE system. This paper presents capabilities and characteristics of eVŠ as a tool for supporting and enhancing Slovenian HE internationalisation in terms of foreign citizens applying, enroling and studying in Slovenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the researches on permanent magnetic synchronous motors (PMSMs) as power source of electric vehicles (EVs) have obtained more and more attention. Torque control technology which is one of popular strategies applied in EVs raises higher standards for torque response speed and accuracy of PMSMs control system. To tract the reference torque quickly, a sliding mode torque controller which can decouple q-axis and d-axis currents is proposed in this paper. To eliminate the chattering phenomenon an exponential reaching law is adopted. The proposed method also can guarantee the robust control of PMSMs under model parameters (resistance, inductance) and load torque variations. Simulation results show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ministry of Education, Science and Sports established a so-called eVŠ system - Records and analytical information system for higher education (HE) in the Republic of Slovenia. eVŠ performs two roles - it is a tool for various HE stakeholders to rationalize their time and costs, and an analytical tool that facilitates evidencebased HE policy-making for further development of the HE system. This paper presents eVŠ records and particularly its analytical capabilities, together with its key impacts and further potential of its analytical capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The EVS survey comprised in France two subsamples, one built randomly, the other according to the method of “enhanced quotas”. This article first presents the mechanism implemented by emphasizing the difficulties to obtain random interviews. Then it compares the two samples, first for variables entering the quota, and for other background variables, finally for dependent variables. The quota sample proves better than the random sample. Too educated, too rural, too old, the latter is also more politicized than the quota sample, which contradicts the usual critics of this methodology. The article finally shows that after weightings, the two parts of the sample have results sufficiently close to constitute an entity regarded as representative of the French population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Gender moderates the effects of immigration-related specific threats (crime, etc.) on the perception of general threat. [•] Native women related the crime threat to a general threat more than did their male counterparts. [•] Among first-generation immigrants, gender moderated the effect of the cultural and out-group size threats. [•] Among second-generation immigrants, men and women differed with respect to the job, cultural and out-group size threats. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Societes is the property of De Boeck Universite and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• A novel e paradigm for mobility sectors related to the shopping centers, based on PV panels and EVs was developed. • The proposed system can cover about 45.7 % of the investigated shopping centre electric energy demand. • At a regional scale, in the 2050 scenario the yearly reduction of CO2 and energy consumption are 42.0 kt and 160.0 GW h, respectively. • The economic results show a Simple Pay Back of 2 years and a Profit Index of 5.4. The transition from conventional centralized energy production to a distributed one may represent one of the solutions to reduce greenhouses emissions. The present work aims at proposing a novel approach for energy and environmental issues, related to the high density of vehicular traffic for shopping centers by introducing photovoltaic panels and electric vehicles into the energy system. In order to achieve such goal a specific case study was developed for the main shopping centers located in the Campania Region, South of Italy. Two well-known simulation platforms, EnergyPLAN and TRNSYS, were purposely integrated. TRNSYS is used to develop a dynamic model of a shopping and the outputs were used as EnergyPLAN inputs to evaluate the role that this sustainable layout can play within the different sectors. Environmental, energy and economic analyses are performed for three different scenarios including the baseline one at 2019, 2030 and 2050. The proposed system can cover about 45.7 % of the shopping centre electric demand. At a regional scale, in the 2050 scenario the yearly reduction of CO 2 and energy consumption are 42.0 kt and 160.0 GW h, respectively. The economic results show a SPB (Simple Pay Back) of 2 years and a PI (Profit Index) of 5.4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The mid-long term classified retirement of power batteries from electric vehicles in China is estimated. • The potential economic value of retired batteries for echelon and recovery utilization are analyzed. • The spatial distributions of EOL batteries and collection stations are compared. This study aims to model the temporal and spatial characteristics of end-of-life (EOL) power batteries from electric vehicles (EVs) in China. A Stanford estimation model is used, assuming that the lifetime of power batteries obeys a Weibull distribution. We collected the sales data for two types of power batteries used in four types of EVs from 2009 to 2018 in mainland China and predicted the sales data from 2019 to 2030 according to the Chinese government's plan. The results present a complete picture of EOL batteries in China: (1) the generation of retired power batteries in China is predicted from 2020 to 2036, including 112 k tonnes in 2020 and 708 k tonnes in 2030; (2) the potential economic value of retired batteries for echelon and recovery utilization is analyzed; and (3) the generation of retired power batteries in 20 provinces was estimated and compared with their collection station numbers. Considering the weight of different batteries and the service life increase caused by technology upgrades, our predictions for the quantity of retired batteries are lower and more accurate than others' predictions. Large-scale battery retirement will come later than previously anticipated. We should plan the number of recycling sites in main provinces based on the accurate retired amount. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT) has developed very rapidly in recent years, becoming increasingly complex. The communication things networks (CTNs) is a very important element in IoT for the interconnection of several objects (between objects or objects with the internet). In the context of electric vehicles, the development of CTNs represents a pillar for the implementation of new services such as charge while driving (CWD) based on wireless power transfer (WPT) technology. Cloud-based vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are one of the networks that can support the high mobility, low latency and connectivity required for a CWD-WPT system. The CWD-WPT charging system provides comfort and time optimization for users if the privacy, integrity and availability of the system are guaranteed. This paper proposes an authentication protocol that uses different cryptographic schemes for key management and distribution in a CWD-WPT cloud charging system that guarantees message privacy and integrity, mutual authentication of system elements and anonymity of EVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]