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Background: The heat shock protein-70 (HSP70) is a protein associated with response and adaptation to stress, as well as protection of the cells against thermal and oxidative stress in animals. It is an evolutionarily conserved protein, but its expression has been reportedly varied. Therefore, this study implemented computational analyses of the amino acid sequences of this gene for a better understanding of the evolutionary and protein interactions variations associated with the gene to facilitate its exploitation for the breeding of animals with increasing adaptation to heat stress. Results: The result showed that there is a wide evolutionary distance between humans and the selected farm animals studied but elegans shared a common evolutionary relationship with the farm animals. The sequence identity analysis returned exact matches among the sequences as minimum = 8.09%, maximum = 98.58%, and mean ± SD = 71.03 ± 26.3% across all the species, while the sequence similarities resemblance among the sequences were minimum = 16.49%, maximum = 100%, and mean ± SD = 78.99 ± 24.39%. The global block substitution matrix (BLOSUM62) analysis returned minimum = 0.18, maximum = 0.98, and mean ± SD = 0.62 ± 0.34. The analysis of the molecular weight of the protein sequences returned minimum = 5.70 kDa, maximum = 6.41 kDa, mean = 6.28 kDa, and standard deviation 0.17 kDa, and the isoelectric point of the protein sequences was minimum = 4.55, maximum = 7.17, mean = 5.56, and standard deviation = 0.65 while the hydrophobicity of the protein sequences were minimum = 45.20 kcal/mol, maximum = 53.02 kcal/mol, mean = 47.81 kcal/mol, and standard deviation = 1.85 kcal/mol. Conclusion: The outcomes of the computational analyses led to the conclusion that variations exist in the conservations of amino acid residues of the gene in the studied farm and non-farm animals, and this is responsible for the differences and similarities in the expression of the HSP70 gene in different animals. It was also concluded that elegans are suitable model that could be exploited for a better understanding of response and adaptation to heat stress in duck, chicken, cattle, sheep, and goat when focusing on regulation and expression of heat shock protein gene 70 (HSP70). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Our recent research showed that resistin has a neuroprotective effect against stroke-induced injury through suppressing apoptosis and oxidative stress. However, the molecular mechanism of neuroprotection of resistin is unclear. This work was designed to examine the effect of mouse recombinant resistin on mRNA expression of Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF- β1), and Heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) in mouse model of stroke.Materials and Methods: Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, TGF-β1, and HSP-70 mRNA were detected at sham (0 hour), 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours after MCAO using real-time QRT-PCR method. Moreover, animals were treated with resistin at the dose of 400ng/mouse at the commencement of MCAO, and mRNA expression of the cytokines and HSP-70 was measured 24 hours after MCAO.Results: Tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1β mRNA expression markedly increased at 12-hour time point and then returned to the basal level at 24 hours after MCAO; but HSP-70 mRNA expression increased at 24-hour time point. Furthermore, resistin (400 ng/mouse) significantly increased TGF-β1 and IL-10 and decreased HSP-70 gene expression at 24 hours after MCAO.Conclusions: Our findings revealed that a molecular mechanism of attenuating ischemic damage by resistin administration probably is increased mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, applying resistin in the clinical settings for the treatment of stroke deserves further researches in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between preterm premature rupture of membranes, tumor necrosis factor-α, and heat shock protein-70 gene polymorphisms in multifetal gestations. Study design: Buccal swabs from 101 mother-neonate pairs of multifetal pregnancies were tested for single nucleotide polymorphisms at position -308 of the tumor necrosis factor-α gene and +1267 of the heat shock protein-70 gene. Pregnancy outcome data were obtained subsequently. Results: Tumor necrosis factor-α allele 2 carriage by the first-born occurred in 10 of 27 pregnancies (37.0%) that resulted in preterm premature rupture of membranes compared with 6 of 67 pregnancies (9.0%) without preterm premature rupture of membranes (P = .002). The allele frequency of tumor necrosis factor-α allele 2 and heat shock protein-70 allele 2 in the first born was higher in pregnancies that were complicated by preterm premature rupture of membranes (18.5% vs 4.5%; P = .003; and 57.7% vs 41.3%; P = .04, respectively). There was no relationship between tumor necrosis factor-α allele 2 or heat shock protein-70 allele 2 carriage by the second fetus or mother and preterm premature rupture of membranes. Conclusion: Tumor necrosis factor-α allele 2 and/or heat shock protein-70 allele 2 carriage by the first-born fetus is associated with preterm premature rupture of membranes in multifetal pregnancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]