1. Students' performance level, teachers' mastery of materials, and implementation of fundamental motor skills: A sequential explanatory mixed-method study.
- Author
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OKTARIFALDI, NOPEMBRI, SONI, YUDANTO, SHAHRIL, MOHD IZWAN BIN, and MARTA, IBNU ANDLI
- Abstract
Problem Statement. Fundamental motor skills are crucial predictors of optimal physical activity engagement. Elementary school settings offer significant potential for fostering these skills through Physical Education (PE). However, studies indicate substantial gaps in fundamental motor skills development in Indonesia, particularly related to students' motor competence. Purpose. This study aimed to explore the relationships among students' fundamental motor skill levels, teachers' mastery of materials, and the implementation of fundamental motor skill practices in learning. Methods. This research implemented an explanatory sequential design of the mixed-method approach, consisting of several stages. The first stage was to measure students' fundamental motor skills using the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2). The second stage evaluated teachers' mastery of learning materials and the learning implementation through a cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling. Following that, qualitative data through the semi-structured interviews were revealed in the third stage. The subject was 428 elementary school students aged 7 to 9 years old. Additionally, it involved 1371 PE teachers in elementary schools; 18 were chosen as representatives for the interview session. The data were then analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistic ver.25. Result. The first finding revealed that the average score of students' Gross Motor Quotient was 78.70, categorized at the average level (percentile 30). Meanwhile, the score of object control skills was at a low level (percentile 8). There was a significant difference in fundamental motor skills of students aged 7, 8, and 9 (p value<0.05), which tended to reduce with age. The next finding showed that only 542 out of 1371 teachers (39.52%) mastered the learning materials well. Additionally, 454 (33.01%) implemented the fundamental motor skills in the learning process. Conclusions. These teachers did not master the materials because of limited accessible sources for learning, so they were not competent in designing materials related to fundamental motor skills. Consequently, they did not effectively implement them in the learning process. Hence, this research concludes that the main predictors causing students' low competence were the low level of students' fundamental motor skills, the inadequate mastery of learning materials by Physical education teachers, and inefficient learning implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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