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Apple is the fourth most important fruit, known and valued around the world. The numerous potential health benefits are reffeed to apple regular consumption. Many factors affect the phytochemical profile of apples, some of them can be applied for optimalisation of the health benefits of apples. The aim of this investigation was the characterisation of the effect of application of boric acid, melatonin, and gibberellic acid on 'Amasya' and 'Granny Smith' apples morphological and biochemical features. Apple trees were sprayed with boric acid at concentrations of 50 and 75 ppm, gibberellic acid (50 and 75 ppm) and melatonin (50 and 75 ppm), than the physical attributes and chemical composition of fruits was investigated. All treatments significantly increased total soluble solids and phenols content in friuits as well as organic acids except for malic acid. Malic acid was determined as 9316-2439 mg/100 ml, total flavonoids 704-302, while total antioxidant activity 65.02 to 3.97% DPPH.The observed differences in composition presented a significant magnitude that they may affect both nutritional and sensory properties. The most important for consumers aples charcateristics, like sweetness, can be effetively modified by boric acid, gibberellic acid or melatonin treatment in the manner decribed, but exact mechanisms by which these are accomplished are largely unknown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine phenological, pomological, and yield of nectarine cultivars (Honeykist, Silver of Rome, Fairlane, Maria Laura, Armking, Orion, Stark Red Gold, Crimson Gold, Summer Super Star and Red Gold) which were grafted on GF 677 rootstock and grown in Sanliurfa ecological conditions, between the years of 2008-2011. Based on the results, the full bloom occurred in the studied varieties between the dates of 16 March - 04 April and harvested on 16 June-04 September. The average fruit weights of the varieties were determined between 65.84 g (Fairlane) and 143.65 g (Silver Rome), fruit firmness between 2.03 kg cm-2 (Silver of Rome) and 4.65 kg cm-2 (Summer Super Star), the amount of TSS between 13.63% (Stark Red Gold) and 16.97% (Crimson Gold), and titratable acidity between 0.56% (Orion) - 1.23% (Maria Laura). According to the values of the four-years (2008-2011), the highest cumulative yield was determined from Armking as 243.94 kg tree-1) and as 226.62 kg tree-1 from Red Gold. Yield per trunk cross-sectional area at the end of the 8th year was determined as 0.99 kg cm-2 (Silver of Rome) - 2.88 kg cm-2 (Stark Red Gold). As a result, fruit ripening of nectarine varieties that occur between the dates of 15 June to 15 July has been found to be superior in terms of fruit yield and quality in Sanliurfa ecological conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biographical data are presented on Friedrich Jakob Dochnahl (1820–1904), a once prominent but long forgotten German pomologist. Two among his scientific works, the "New pomological system" of 1847 and the four‐volume "Secure guide in pomology" (1855–1860), being of interest for nomenclatural purposes, are presented and discussed in detail. The former includes 16 so far overlooked species names, none of which affects any name in current use. In the latter, 143 generic names and over 4000 species names are validly published, all of them completely ignored to date. In a corollary paper, suppression of that work is being proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biographical data are presented on Friedrich Jakob Dochnahl (1820-1904), a once prominent but long forgotten German pomologist. Two among his scientific works, the "New pomological system" of 1847 and the four-volume "Secure guide in pomology" (1855-1860), being of interest for nomenclatural purposes, are presented and discussed in detail. The former includes 16 sofar overlooked species names, none of which affects any name in current use. In the latter, 143 generic names and over 4000 species names are validly published, all of them completely ignored to date. In a corollary paper, suppression of that work is being proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The originally Irish family of Counts Wallis acquired two chateaux in Moravia, Moravské Budĕjovice and BudíŠkovice, where libraries have been preserved. The smaller library from Moravské Budĕjovice (3,000 volumes) comprises fiction, history, and the later part of the collection from the 19th century also includes works on natural sciences, in particular ornithology. The BudíŠkovice library (15,000 volumes) has preserved traces of the collections of Counts Brühl, Counts of Bünau, Thurn-Valsassina- Como-Vercelli and many others. The most interesting in terms of content is the book collection of Count Joseph Wallis (1767-1818), the president of the Austrian Court Chamber, infamous for being responsible for the collapse of state finances in 1811. The BudíŠkovice library proves that the count carefully studied the financial topic; one can find there a large number of books on banking, the introduction of paper money, usury, trade etc. The second area of the count's interest was fruit growing. The library thus contains many pomological publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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