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The top-performing X-ray and gamma ray sources are synchrotrons and Free Electron Lasers, which require large investment. Consequently, more affordable and accessible platforms are required for research and applications based on X-rays and gamma rays. CBS is a subset of Thomson and Compton scattering and is the mechanism through which high energy electrons interacting with low energy photons transfer part of their energy to the photons. Accordingly, an infrared photon can e.g. be “transformed” into an X-ray or gamma ray, in a CBS process. Monochromatic and ultrashort X-ray and gamma ray sources are challenging to make; however, CBS provides a compact and accessible platform for this purpose. Aimed at those entering the field for the first time, this second volume focuses on Compton Backscattering that produces intense gamma rays of higher energy than typical scattering processes. Theoretical problems between the high energy electrons and laser interactions are discussed, along with the possibility of exploring new effects in strong field QED and how they can be observed. CBS ‘factories'and their design characteristics are analysed and later chapters take a more detailed examination of CBS applications and the future of the field. Key Features Offers a self-contained overview of pulsed X-rays sources based on compact lasers Provides a detailed presentation of theory and applications targeted at newcomers to the field Demonstrates a focused overview on Compton Backscattering Provides analysis of applications and outlook Can be used as a study manual for courses or as a reference text for researchers

The top-performing X-ray and gamma ray sources are synchrotrons and Free Electron Lasers, which require large investment. Consequently, more affordable and accessible platforms are required for research and applications based on X-rays and gamma rays. CBS is a subset of Thomson and Compton scattering and is the mechanism through which high energy electrons interacting with low energy photons transfer part of their energy to the photons. Accordingly, an infrared photon can e.g. be “transformed” into an X-ray or gamma ray, in a CBS process. Monochromatic and ultrashort X-ray and gamma ray sources are challenging to make; however, CBS provides a compact and accessible platform for this purpose. Aimed at those entering the field for the first time, this first volume provides a background in classical electromagnetism and relativity to facilitate the understanding of Thomson and Compton particle scattering. The general scattering theories are presented, along with laser and electron beam transport and optics. This first volume should equip the reader with the necessary background and insight to understand more advanced topics in Volume 2. Key Features Offers a self-contained overview of pulsed X-rays sources based on compact lasers Provides a detailed presentation of theory and applications targeted at newcomers to the field Demonstrates a thorough discussion on current performance limits Works as both a study manual for students or a reference text for researchers

This book covers different aspects of umbral calculus and of its more recent developments. It discusses the technical details in depth, including its relevant applications. The book has therefore manyfold scopes to introduce a mathematical tool, not widespread known as it should be; to present a complete account of the relevant capabilities through the use of different examples of applications; to provide a formal bridge between different fields of research in pure and applied.

This book describes two aspects of fusion plasma physics that are usually treated separately. Written in tutorial form, the first part of the book presents some of the essentials of magnetically confined plasma physics that are necessary for an in-depth understanding of the basic principles and underlying phenomena, in a consistent and comprehensive way. The second part is focused on existing powerful sources of high-frequency coherent radiation used for electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH), electron cyclotron resonance current drive (ECRCD), as well as for plasma ignition, control, and diagnostics in different fusion devices such as ITER and DEMO that are currently under development. Key Features Introduces a topic of increasing importance in fusion science and technologyDescribes the essential elements of magnetically confined fusion plasma physics as well as the sources of coherent radiation used for heating, control, and diagnosticsGives an overview of Gyrotron and CARM technologyProvides a design primer for high-frequency heating devices

This is a book about Mathematics but not a book of Mathematics. It is an attempt, between the serious and facetious, of conveying the idea that a mathematical thought is the result of different experiences, geographical and social factors. Even though it is not clear when Mathematics had started, it is evident that it had been used at an early stage of human history and by ancient Babylonians and Egyptians who have already developed a sophisticated corpus of mathematical items, which were the workhorse tools in engineering, navigation, trades and astronomy. The book sweeps across the mathematical minds of the Greek and Arab traditions, concepts by Assyro-Babylonians, and ancient Indian Vedic culture. The mathematical mind has modeled the evolution of societies and has been modeled by it. It is now in the midst of a great revolution and it is not clear where it will bring us. The current new epoch needs new mathematical tools and, above this, a new way of looking at Mathematics. This book tells the tale of what went on and what might go on.

The book covers different aspects of mathematical methods for Physics. It is designed for graduate courses but a part of it can also be used by undergraduate students. The leitmotiv of the book is the search for a common mathematical framework for a wide class of apparently disparate physical phenomena. An important role, within this respect, is provided by a nonconventional formulation of special functions and polynomials. The proposed methods simplify the understanding of the relevant technicalities and yield a unifying view to their applications in Physics as well as other branches of science.The chapters are not organized through the mathematical study of specific problems in Physics, rather they are suggested by the formalism itself. For example, it is shown how the matrix formalism is useful to treat ray Optics, atomic systems evolution, QED, QCD and Feynman diagrams. The methods presented here are simple but rigorous. They allow a fairly substantive tool of analysis for a variety of topics and are useful for beginners as well as the more experienced researchers.

Charged Beam Dynamics, Particle Accelerators and Free Electron Lasers summarises different topics in the field of accelerators and of Free Electron Laser (FEL) devices. It is intended as a reference manual for the different aspects of FEL devices, explaining how to design both a FEL device and the accelerator providing the driving beam. It covers both theoretical and experimental aspects, allowing researchers to attempt a first design of a FEL device in different operating conditions. It provides an analysis of what is already available, what is needed, and what the challenges are to determine new progress in this field. All chapters contain complements and exercises that are designed in such a way that the reader will gradually acquire self-confidence with the matter treated in the book.

This book describes the basic properties of charged beam transport and the theory of accelerators with radiative damping. The characteristics of the third generation synchrotron radiation sources are analyzed and compared to those of the first and second generations. This is followed by the conceptual and technological problems associated with the discovery of the fourth generation sources. Within this framework, the role played by free electron laser devices is discussed and relevant theoretical and technological aspects of storage-ring and Linac-based sources are analyzed.

Contents:Electron Beam OpticsSynchrotron Radiation: A Short DescriptionSynchrotron Radiation: Emission in Undulator MagnetsAccelerators with Radiative DumpingFree Electron Laser: An IntroductionFEL Pendulum EquationUndulator FEL DynamicsFEL Integral EquationMiscellaneous Considerations on the FEL Gain and the High-Gain LimitA Qualitative Description of Storage-Ring FEL Dynamics and Longitudinal Mode CouplingReadership: Laser physicists.Key Features:As one of Singapore's most prolific writers, Rajaratnam's rhetoric engages and captivates both his peers and laymen alikeForeword written by Singapore's President S Nathan, a long time colleague and friend of Mr S RajaratnamIncludes a selection of photographs personally taken by Mr S Rajaratnam, an avid photographer, of his travels and his family