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Aim. To assess whether delayed coronary artery stenting (CAS) can reduce the slow/no-reflow incidence in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and massive thrombosis (TTG ≥3) of the infarct-related coronary artery (IRCA) compared with immediate CAS within primary PCI.Material and methods. Out of 3651 primary PCIs performed for acute STEMI in the period from January 2016 to May 2020 at the Mytishchi City Clinical Hospital, the retrospective analysis included 105 patients with massive IRCA thrombosis (TTG ≥3). The patients were divided into two groups: first group (n=55) — delayed CAS, second group (n=50) — immediate CAS. In the immediate CAS group, the PCI procedure ended with routine stent implantation, and in the delayed CAS group, stent implantation was delayed for at least 5 days.Results. In the delayed CAS group in comparison with immediate one, the slow/no-reflow phenomenon developed much less frequently in the form of a significant increase in the prevalence of TIMI 3 flow, better myocardial perfusion of myocardial blush grade (MBG) 2-3 (81,8 vs 64%; odds ratio (OR) 2,53; p=0,039) and ST segment resolution ≥70% (87,3% vs 58%; OR 4,97; p=0,001).Conclusion. Delayed CAS in patients with STEMI with massive thrombosis (TTG ≥3) of IRCA reduces the risk of slow/no-reflow phenomenon and can be considered as a possible alternative treatment vs immediate CAS, provided that stable coronary flow is restored before TIMI 3.

Aim. To study clinical results and safety of delayed vs urgent stenting with application of modern antithrombotic drugs in massive coronary thrombosis in patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI).Material and methods. Totally, 28 STEMI patients included, age 52 (25-77) y.o., of those males 80% (n=23), who, during January 2014 to February 2016, in first 6-12 hours from the onset of the disease, received endovascular treatment with purpose to recover adequate blood flow without urgent stent implanting into infarct-related artery. Minimal invasive strategy with the aim to recover antegrade blood flow up to TIMI 2-3 was done for 14 (50%) patients. In all patients, after restoring of the antegrade flow, there was thrombus, visualized in artery lumen, with TIMI thrombus grade score (TTG) ≥3. Another criteria of efficacy was resolving of ST elevation by ≥50%. As antiplatelet support during the intervention all patients received the combination of IIb/IIIa blockers (eptifibatide) and 600 mg clopidogrel or 180 mg ticagrelor. Second coronary arteriography (CAG) was done in up to 5 days.Results. By 4,0±1,0 day, blood flow TIMI 2-3 in infarction-related artery was secure in 100% patients; there was marked decrease of the grade of target stenosis in infarction-related artery from 77,8±10,2% to 50,5±19,5%; decrease by its length from 21,5±8,5 to 15,5±5,5 mm; increase of the reference diameter of artery from 3,1±0,8 to 3,5±0,75 mm, and thrombosis bride by TTG — from 3,9 to 0,9. By the data from CAG, stenting of the target segment was done in 8 (29%) patients, and in 3 (10%) stenting done based on the data from intravascular ultrasound. In 17 (61%) patients the infarction-related stenosis was non-significant. In the group of delayed stenting there was no cases of no/slow-reflow development. At hospital stage of management, there were no cardiovascular events in the observation group.Conclusion. In patients with massive thrombosis of infarction-related artery (TTG ≥3) and restored antegrade coronary flow TIMI 2-3, the delayed stenting is a safe and effective strategy of treatment at hospital stage.