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The high prevalence of BRAF V600 gene mutation in the Russian Federation and the cost of treatment the metastatic melanoma (MM) with immuno-oncology and combined targeted drugs make it relevant to assess the clinical and economic feasibility of their use. Objective. Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and budget impact analysis (BIA) of PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab was performed in comparison with nivolumab and combinations of BRAF and MEK inhibitors in the 1st line therapy of MM with BRAF v600 gene mutation. Methodology. CEA and BIA was performed using the results of a network meta-analysis and based on the Markov model, which estimated the number of life years saved (LYS), duration of progression-free survival and direct medical costs (DC). Results. The cost of treatment per year in the 1st line therapy on pembrolizumab was 3.32 million RUB, what is 29 % cheaper than combination of dabrafenib + trametinib (4.67 million RUB), 60 % than vemurafenib + cobimetinib (8.30 million RUB), 1.7 % than nivolumab (3.38 million RUB). Total 3 years DC for the 1st line therapy on pembrolizumab (3.80 million RUB) were 43.9%, 68.2% and 1.8 % lower than the cost of dabrafenib + trametinib (6.76 million RUB), vemurafenib + cobimetinib (11.93 million RUB) and nivolumab (3.86 million RUB). CER per 1 LYS for pembrolizumab was 2.43 million RUB, nivolumab – 2.48 million RUB, dabrafenib + trametinib – 4.24 million RUB and vemurafenib + cobimetinib – 7.49 million RUB increase in the use of pembrolizumab to 50 %, by reducing the share of the use of combinations of BRAF and MEK inhibitors, will result in budget savings up to 1 507,5 million RUB (26.4 %). Conclusion. The use of pembrolizumab in the 1st line of MM therapy with BRAF V600 gene mutation allows to save the budget and is economically feasible.

Background. The modern therapies of advanced melanoma include targeted medicines for patients with BRAF mutations. Nowadays, a new perspective on immuno-oncologic medicine pembolizumab became available in Russia. Objective. Assessment of the clinical and economic effectiveness of the use of pembolizumab in the treatment of unrespectable and metastatic melanoma in comparison with targeted medicines in the context of Russian public health. Materials and methods. The Markov model was developed, including the states «without progression», «after progression» and «death», the duration of one Markov cycle is 1 month, the modeling time horizon is 5 years. The probabilities of transitions between states were described using mathematical formulas obtained as a result of digitization and approximation of Kaplan-Mayer survival curves, which were derived from randomized clinical trials KEYNOTE-006, COMBI-v and COMBI-d. Direct medical costs (including drug costs, treatment of adverse events, second-line therapy after disease progression, and palliative care) were analyzed. We did not take into account the costs associated with laboratory-diagnostic procedures and visits to the doctor. The sources of information were: weighted average prices of medicines indicated during public procurement for 2016 (the price of the drug pembolizumab provided by the manufacturer), a program of state guarantees for providing free medical care to Russian citizens for 2016, federal coefficients of relative costs for clinical and statistical groups. The effectiveness criterion for cost-effectiveness analysis was the average number of saved months of a patient’s life. Results. The average number of months saved was 30, 23, 24 and 30 months with pembolizumab, vemurafenib, dabrafenib and dabrafenib plus tramethanib, respectively (calculated using the developed model). Thus, pembolizumab has the same effectiveness as a combination of dabrafenib + tramethanib and is more effective than monotherapy with targeted drugs (dabrafenib or vemurafenib). Direct medical costs per patient over 5 years were approximately 4.06, 5.53, 5.91 and 15.72 million rubles when using pembolizumab, dabrafenib, vemurafenib and a combination of dabrafenib + trametinib, respectively. The health budget saving with pembolizumab instead of dabrafenib, vemurafenib and dabrafenib + trametinib combination may be 26%, 31% and 74%, respectively. Conclusion. Pembolizumab is a rational and economically justified choice for the treatment of unresectable and metastatic melanoma since it leads to cost savings when overall survival is increased.