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Зроблено спробу проаналізувати особливості функціонування системи освіти в УРСР у перші повоєнні роки та з’ясувати проблеми щодо відновлення функціонування цієї галузі, Сделана попытка проанализировать особенности функционирования системы школьного образования в УССР в первые послевоенные годы и выяснить проблемы по возобновлению функционирования данной отрасли, In the offered article an author gives it a shoot to analyse the features of functioning of the system of school education in the first post-war years and to find out problems on proceeding in work in this industry

Article is devoted to activity of Kherson association promoting physical education of children (hereinafter KAPPEC) in the pre-revolutionary period. Discussed the basic directions of the company, analyzed its contribution to the development of sports among the youth. At the end of the nineteenth century in the Russian empire begins to develop sports and gymnastic movement. In this period little attention was paid to the development of the sport in the country, without selecting it almost any funds. So the gymnastic movement, its recreational direction, etc have evolved mainly by enthusiasts who created the associations of sports direct.Among the numerous sports associations that arose in this period, special attention were the so-called Society promote physical development of students (SPPDS). The main purpose of these associations was the organization of sports-mass work with children and their rehabilitation. The first society emerged in the major cities of the Russian Empire: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kiev and others. In 1892 was founded in Odessa association for the promotion of physical education of children.From 1896 begins his work of Kherson association promoting physical education of children. The basic directions of activity of the society were the organization of leisure of youth by means of physical education. For this purpose KAPPEC in Kherson was founded arena for children to play and physical education. The arena was intended for students in all educational institutions of the city and worked all year round. Pupils of the schools visited the sports arena for free. Base classes consisted of mobile games with objects without them. For the season was up to 60 different games.In addition, students were engaged in the Swedish gymnastics, athletics opportunities and played soccer. In the winter the arena became ice skating rink. To guide the games and exercise the company each year, specifically from St. Petersburg were graduate courses of Lesgaft P. F., who were at the time among the best trained of physical education instructors in the country.At the site were created good conditions for sports activities. The company constantly has cared about logistics. On the arena were created by gymnastic grounds, places for athletics built fields for soccer and tennis, regularly updated sports equipment. In 1905, at the sports arena was completed covered building that was named at first "children's home", and then "Municipal Auditorium". It was intended for organization of gymnastic exercises, children's games, summer rink, lectures on medicine, holding performances, children's parties, concerts, scientific exhibitions etc.Every year, in order to promote physical trainings, in spring and autumn at all sports arenas were football, basketball competitions, English tennis, croquet, bowling pins and other games. Competitions usually lasted about two months. The sports arena was very popular among children. For 14 years (1898-1912-2003) it was visited by a huge number of pupils – 871 927 inhabitants, an ice skating rink-67 139 people.Special love among pupils of the schools used a different sort of outing. Mostly these were one-day aquatic excursions on the Islands, boating, hiking in the forest or fruit garden, excursions to industrial enterprises, in museums, exhibitions, etc. Kids having while them traveling on the nature fun, playing musical instruments, sang songs, danced, played in a variety of outdoor games. Starting from 1909 srarted excursions to other cities – Mykolaiv, Odessa, Crimea, etc. In the period 1900-1912, the total amount spent by the company walks and excursions was 94, in which participated about 10 of 104 people (the author's estimate).Great attention was paid KAPPEC to recreation and healthier children. With this purpose the association made rest camps or as they are called summer cottage-colony in summer for own funds for poor and sick children. The first cottage-colony was opened in 1900 in the country Lubyanenko in 4 miles away from the city. In it were able to relax and rejuvenate 17 girls from educational institutions of Kherson. However, due to the lack of funds long holiday summer camps for 10 years KAPPES not worked. And only in 1911, the company resumed the practice of organizing camps, opening in Skadovsk on the seacoast school cottage-colony. In the next year (1912) opens another colony, in which for the summer period were able to rest 52 children.One of the main challenges that stood in front of the organizers of the camps the rest was the fact that children are well ate and as many were outdoors. All day they were played in different games, made gymnastics training, sang, and danced, read, worked with needlework. Thus, this study gives grounds to conclude that in southern Ukraine in the late XIX-early XX century operated a powerful development center student sport, which according to the scope of its activities is not inferior, and in some aspects even was the best among similar companies in the Russian empire.Thanks to its active activity was created by one of the best sports facilities in the country, conducted a large-scale work with popularizing sports among children, the organization of leisure and health pupils. And then, with confidence, you can argue that the KAPPEC had played a leading role in the development of sports-mass movement among young people not only in the South of Ukraine, but also in the entire Russian Empire., Статья посвящена деятельности Херсонского общества содействия развитию физического воспитания детей (ХОСФВД) в дореволюционный период. Рассматриваются основные направления работы общества, анализируется его вклад в развитие спорта среди молодежи. Сделан вывод, что ХОСФВД играло ведущую роль в становлении спортивно-массового движения, как на Юге Украины, так и на территории всей Российской империи., Стаття присвячена діяльності Херсонського товариства сприяння фізичному вихованню дітей (ХТСФВД) у дореволюційний період. Розглядаються основні напрямки роботи товариства, аналізується його вклад в розвиток спорту серед молоді. Зроблено висновок, що ХТСФВД відігравало провідну роль в становленні спортивно-масового руху серед молоді, як на Півдні України, так й на території всієї Російської імперії.