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Introduction & Objective: Before using multi hook segmental fixation in schuerman kyphosis (SK) surgery, instrumentation by harington rod (H.R) was common. Materials & Methods: In this study we evaluated the complication and pre and post surgical kyphosis in 26 SK patients who had anterior release and anterior fusion and then halofemoral traction and finally posterior fusion and instrumentation by Harington compression rod, in Shafa Yahyaian Hospital from 1976 till 2001. All of their documents were available in hospital archive and had minimum acceptable follow up. Results: No major complication was noted. One infection and one Harington rod fracture was noted, which they cured by appropriate treatment. Mean degree of thoracic kyphosis was 94 and after surgery it was 43. Conclusion: It seems that most prominent failure was overcorrection after surgery, so sometimes it reached to below 35 degree.

Introduction & Objective: In patients with cerebral palsy (CP) the most common presentation is lower extremity deformity specially foot deformity. Inability to ambulation is the one of the most important disabilities, that dependent to the variety of factors such as severity of disease, kind of CP, etc. This study was aimed to assess prevalence of kinds of foot deformity in CP and communication between kind of CP and foot deformity and another hand inability to ambulation. Materials & Methods: 100 patients with cerebral palsy with age 3-20 y (average 12.9y) were assessed in Shafa Yahyaian Orthopedic Center and kinds of CP & foot deformity was evaluated. In these patients, 84 subjects were selected with age 7-20 y and were evaluated for ability to walking. Results: The most common type of CP was spastic and the most common form of CP was (Quadri-Di-hemi-para) plegic respectively. The most common form of foot deformity was equines. Inability to walking in patients with foot deformity was more than without it (P

In order to evaluate the educational status of basic sciences in Medical School. Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, a comprehensive survey was made in the results of the fourth & sixth (March 1991 & 1992) comprehensive examinations. In these examinations 19 & 17 Universities with 50 or more students have been participated, respectively. The percent of students who passed the exams were 86.67% & 95.72% respectively. Although the students who passed the exams have been proved 8% in the sixth than fourth exams, there was no significant difference in the result of two successive exams. Mean & Standard deviation of the grades of Hamadan students in two successive exams were 105.54 + 19.79 & 122.74 + 14.74 respectively; there was significant difference between the mean grades of two exams. The maximum grade which has been received in the exams were 154 & 161 out of 200 respectively. Between 15 courses which were been examined, the students of this university in the course of parasitology & Mycology have received the second grade between all universities in Iran, in two successive examinations. In all courses which have been examined, students of this university have received the grades between 1 & 10 in 3 & seven course in two exams between the universities.