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Objective: To analyse the demographic, clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of the patients who underwent bronchoscopy for various diagnostic indications and detected anthracosis and/or anthracofibrosis. Material and Methods: A total of 1322 patients underwent bronchoscopy during a period of 15 month. Of these,only 107 patients with anthracosis and/or anthracofibrosis were included in the study. Results: The mean age of the patients was 66.12 ±12.57 years.57% of patients were male and 43% were female. 26.5% were current smokers, 22.5% were exsmokers and 51% were non-smokers. The most frequent occupation was found as beinghousewife (41.1 %).There was no occupational exposure at 10.7%of the patients. Biomass exposure was found in 88,5% of the patients because of the fuel used for heating or in the kitchen. Regarding geographical location,we found that 42.3% of patients were from Black Sea region,27% from East Anatolian Region.88.3% of the patients had complaints. Cough and dyspnea were the main complaints.Radiographic findings of the chest xray at presentation were variable as,follows: consolidation, atelectasia, pleural effusion and mass. Anthracofibrosis and deformation was seen at 21.6 % of the patients.Twelve patients were diagnosed as tuberculosis and 10 patients were diagnosed as lung cancer. Of these, 2 had smallcell cancer, 3 had squamouscell cancer, 4 had adenocarcinom and 1 had nontyped nonsmallcell ca. Conclusion: Indoor and occupational biomass exposure is frequently seen in our country. Anthracosis and/or anthracofibrosis detected cases should be evaluated and followed up closely especially in terms of tuberculosis and malignancy.