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To adapt to the change of market environment, the executives needed a way of team's functioning that was more flexible. Based on scholars existing research results, this paper had divided the system main factor of the top management team into team constituent elements and team process elements and proposed the integrated model of the top management team under the guidance of system theory. This paper had proposed the thinking and methods of recombining the constituent elements from the goals integration, the resource integration, the information integration and knowledge integration four aspects and constructed the process synergies relationship of top management team from team reliance management, study management, conflict management and encouragement management four aspects to realize the combining organically of the top management team system.

Knowledge sharing has been the key to being competitive, and to making the enterprises maintain the capability of continuous innovation. In this paper, an analytical framework based on competitive advantage of knowledge sharing between organizations and the compromises in order to share knowledge was proposed. Firstly, the various acts and the costs that can achieve knowledge sharing between the organizations are discussed. Secondly, the critical factors about a competitive advantage which is brought by knowledge sharing are sought. Finally, the costs of knowledge sharing are corrected. The contribution of this paper is that a method of identifying knowledge sharing opportunities is proposed accurately, which is very helpful for managers to make better judgments of potential benefits of identifying the knowledge sharing.

Mobile internet music services is an important direction for telecom operators' business development. This paper describes the business model of mobile internet music services in detail by adopting e3-value method, which defines how economic value is created, exchanged and consumed within a network of actors. In this paper, we define, derive and analyze multi-enterprise relationships, and we re-position the actors in the industry value chain. Combining with a practical case, we do structural analysis and value estimate, seeking to improve the existing business model and to find innovative measures.

With the maturing of information technology, people have begun to explore and discover information technology using value in the higher level. It is expected that through a combination of artificial intelligence and data mining theory, information technology can provide a more efficient discovery, dissemination and sharing of knowledge method, and exert their fullest potential. All the aspect of these complex applications is summarized as "Knowledge Management". However, the practical application of information technology can really reach the level defined by the concept? Is the concept reasonable? What is its mislead in reality? It is precisely based on these queries, this paper explore the significance of the concept "Knowledge Management". From the characteristics that "knowledge" is itself abstract and difficult to grasp, this paper proposed and demonstrated the argument that the "knowledge management" is a concept speculation.

Based on the evolution of enterprise informatization and its variation characteristics, this paper offers an insight into enterprise informatizaion's impact on corporate strategy in accordance to library and empirical research. In the light of the “four elements of strategy” theory, which was put forward by Ansoff, corporate strategy has been decomposed to discuss elements effected by enterprise informatization on each stage. The results show that the impacts on corporate strategy increase with the upgrading of informatization, and the third stage has the most significant increase. Then the theory research result is verified and amended by the survey of 79 enterprises' senior and middle management staff. Besides, the trajectory of influence changes of informatization on strategy and its characteristics are also derived from the survey. All in all, the research results of this paper provide reference to corporate strategy planning and mastering the laws of enterprise informatization's development.

This paper defines the meaning of scientific research team, and selects the WISE Laboratory in Dalian University of Technology as a research team sample. By constructing a multi-value matrix and co-operation network, this paper apply social network analysis to analyze the close degree of cooperation in research team sample. This paper uses a method which contains six indicators — network structure, network density, compactness, average distance between points, cliques analysis and centrality analysis to evaluate the internal close degree of cooperation in research team. From the analysis results, authors find that these six indicators can better reflect and explain the close degree of cooperation in research team, and conclude the network characteristics in a research team with high internal close degree of cooperation.

In order to identify the relative influential factors about employees' psychological boundary, a structural equation model (SEM) is used in the paper. By introducing the research achievements in the field, the paper analyzed and put forward the main idea of the paper, then solved the problem by SEM. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The paper analyzed data with SPSS and AMOS. The result shows that three factors structure is better to explain identity of the boundary. Furthermore, the paper names the three factors, that is, organizational environment, personality and management rules and regulation. Finally, the paper ranks the relative importance to the boundary. The three factors model can felicitously interpret the influential factors of employees' psychological boundary.

Online collaborative learning is an effective approach of learning, and e-tutor plays a vital role in the success of online learning. This paper first reviewed the relevant study on e-tutor's roles in online learning and proposes that it is through discourse that e-tutor builds his identity and realizes his role. Based on an online collaborative course delivered by Blackboard, the paper discusses in detail how the e-tutor orientated and performed role as supporter, facilitator and group member. The discourse strategies that the e-tutor employed are also discussed with the discourse example.

In purpose of running new service development (NSD) better, service enterprises should establish an intimate relationship with relevant external subjects. How to acquire maximal benefits from the collaborative network through incentive is a problem to be solved immediately. This paper proposes a collaborative network of NSD among service enterprise, customers, suppliers, agents and competitors. A coordination incentive model of service enterprises is offered based on information sharing using the principal-agent theory. The model is analyzed from three aspects: external environment, network characteristics and network subjects. Finally, this paper provides some rational incentive strategies for service firms.

This paper is based on consulting information and surveying questionnaire. By reviewing relative personality theory and motivate theory, the paper, which found 13 characters, firstly analyzed personality character of knowledge worker. Consequently, the root of motivating knowledge worker and the inter relationship between personality character and motivate factors are found. Furthermore, the paper coped with motivate factors from different aspects so as to draw a conclusion about characters on motivate factors, which was focused on knowledge workers. Combining personality character with motivate factors, the paper finally drew some important conclusion.

E-portfolios have demonstrated a capacity to enhance students' learning, and in particular, to enhance work integrated learning (WIL). Professional bodies in Australia require construction management and nursing students to engage in practical/clinical placement experiences as a requisite component of the undergraduate degree. This paper considers the potential e-portfolios have in documenting the skills gained from WIL experiences. This paper presents the findings of the initial phase of a national study to development of a learning framework that encourages reflective learning during work based activities. It then explains how this framework can be incorporated in e-portfolios and used in assisting students to link the knowledge gained from their placement/industrial experiences with the theoretical concepts learnt at university. Data gathered on students' responses to the use of e-portfolios will be used to show the advantages and disadvantages of e-portfolios for this application.

The contribution of this paper is a methodology for profiling literature in Management Information Systems (MIS) using a powerful software for co-citation analysis — Citespace. We analyze ten years of research published in the Journal of Management Information Systems (JMIS) from 2000 to 2009. The analysis of the published material includes examining variables such as most productive authors, universities with the most publications, geographic diversity and citation analysis. This study has also identified potentially important studies that have contributed to the expanding and collection of intellectual wealth of JMIS. Other IS/MIS journals whose works have largely influenced and led the researchers published in JMIS have also been highlighted. The primary value of this paper lies in extending the understanding of the evolution and patterns of MIS research. This work also has implications for researchers, universities, research institutions and journal editors. We hope that the readers will employ and extend the given methodology to conduct similar studies in MIS and other research areas.

This paper builds the studying model through literature reviewing, and then tests the relationships and the mediating effect of psychological empowerment between leadership style and employee innovative behavior based on statistical analysis of 21 IT firm samples. The studying finds that transactional leadership has a significant negative impact on employee innovative behavior, and that psychological empowerment partly mediates the relationship between transactional leadership and employee innovative behavior. The study also shows that transformational leadership has a significant positive impact on employee innovative behavior, and that psychological empowerment partly mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and employee innovative behavior. At last, this paper puts forward some theoretical meanings and management inspirations, as well as the future research directions.

As the intense disturbance of organization survival environment and rapid development of information technology, knowledge and human capital become important economic factors of replacing resources and financial capital Student organizations made up of university students are non-profit organizations, which possess liquidity characteristics, valid existence and maintaining a good survival level become the key issues to be researched by such organizations. The paper selects university students Career Planning Center of Harbin Science and industrial university as research objects, discusses the new problems of such organizations. On the basis of analyzing problems and reasons of career planning, the paper constructs knowledge management model, puts forward specific improvement projects and establishes career planning management flow chart based on knowledge management, in the end proposes operation safeguarding measures.

Customer relationship retention is based on win-win benefits and trust. This paper attempts to use game theory to analysis benefit characters strategy selection problem under co-competition environment. Based on previous research, this paper proposes reputation benefit which can reflect the history knowledge and expected trust, then analysis that reputation has interference effect for relationship development. In addition, this paper also discusses that self-managed reinforce mechanism from reputation and punitive mechanism from external system have complementary roles of customer relationship retention.

This paper first quoted the definition of enterprise boundaries and corporate boundaries (operating margin) on the basis of existing research, vertical and horizontal boundaries are the two categories of enterprise boundaries discussed in this paper. This paper argues that in organizational innovation perspective, the enterprise boundaries of external and internal factors can be divided into two layers in accordance with their levels of importance in names of the core factors and general factors. It is concluded that a co-relation exists between enterprise boundaries and enterprise technology, core competencies.

Governments around the world are working continuously in order to improve services for their citizens. However, the success of these initiatives is dependent not only on the government support but also on the citizens' willingness to use these services. To implement e-government successfully, it is important to determine the factors related to its adoption. This paper examines the factors influencing adoption of e-government services by the Pakistani citizens. Factors that have been explored in the extant literature present inadequate understanding of the relationship that exists between ‘adopter characteristics’ and ‘behavioral intention’ to use e-government services. These inadequacies have been identified through a systematic and thorough review of empirical studies and also by conducting expert reviews from the government officials, software engineers and academic researchers to get their perception according to the context of Pakistan. On the basis of thorough review of literature and expert reviews conducted, an integrated conceptual model is developed and proposed by integrating the influential factors which have been highlighted by the various researchers into a single comprehensive model. In this context, this paper describes and tracks in a fruitful way the factors related to the adoption of e-government services and also proposes conceptual model according to the context of Pakistan.

Knowledge workers are the core resource for high-tech enterprise. However, their characteristics make enterprise face a high turnover rate, which has a serious effect for enterprise sustainable development. Taking the knowledge worker of high-tech enterprise in Beijing as the research objective and using the method of factor analysis and multiple correlation analysis and other methods, this paper analyzes the factors influencing knowledge worker turnover. Finally, this paper proposes corresponding suggestions for the knowledge worker retention.

Complex Product System is playing an increasingly important role in the modern economic development, and even affects a country's overall competitiveness. According to the concepts and characteristics of COPS, and the relation between modularization and COPS, this paper has constructed three types of modular innovation model of COPS based on relationship between complex product and corporate, the first modular innovation model within single complex product in enterprise, the second model within complex products among enterprises for collaboration and supporting and the third model among products based on complementary resources. This paper has elaborated each model and its applicability. Finally, this paper has pointed out the application and development of three types of modular innovation model of COPS in China.

Peer coaching promote professional development of teachers has been an effective way to recognize researchers, Online communities of practice function is an important peer coaching environment for teachers, Therefore, high quality, suitable and efficient function of online communities of practice is the key to promoting peer coaching among teachers. The purpose of this paper is designed for effective peer coaching online communities of practice function, the paper is divided into four parts: Part one introduces the practice of promoting peer coaching online community environment design framework as a functional design of the core; The second part reveals the activities of teachers, the principles of peercoaching design, as an important basis for the functional design; The third part analyzes the behavior of peer coaching among teachers, which served as a functional design of the base; Interpretation of Part IV of online communities of practice focused on the function of the design. This paper that effectively to promote peer coaching online communities of practice function must be focus on peer coaching behavior, closely around the implication and essence of the peercoaching interaction. Professional development for teachers similar to the functions of the design community has important reference value.

In recent years, the dynamic capability approach of competitive strategy has been developing rapidly and is applied to some fields. The paper analyzes the network environment and discusses the component of the dynamic capability in virtual enterprise. Then it puts forward the safeguard mechanisms of dynamic capability formation At last, the paper analyzes the pathway of dynamic capability formation in network environment.

The paper analyzes the mechanism of knowledge transfer, and summarizes five key elements, including knowledge sender, knowledge receiver, the knowledge to be transferred, knowledge transmission process and knowledge absorption process. Four crucial steps complete the whole procedure of knowledge transfer: emergence of knowledge demand, choice of demanded knowledge, and transmission of knowledge by coding and absorption of knowledge by decoding. Accompanied with knowledge transfer is transformation between implicit and explicit knowledge with patterns of socialization, externalization, combination and internalization (SECI). The paper suggests that knowledge increment in quantity and quality may arise as a result of knowledge transfer. In order to demonstrate comprehensively the elements, procedure and result of knowledge transfer, Vessel Model of Knowledge Transfer is advanced as three-dimension system to elaborate on how the knowledge flows from sender to receiver, how demanded knowledge is acquired and transformed between implicit and explicit forms, and how knowledge increment comes into being.

Requirement development for software project is the key to success, but the key of requirement development is the effective flow of knowledge between software demand-side and software development-side. From the perspective of knowledge flow mechanism, this paper analyzes the knowledge level and difference of knowledge power, and studies channels and ways of the requirements development knowledge flow and the principle and characteristics of knowledge flow. Besides, the efficiency of knowledge flow is discussed, and this paper puts forward some knowledge flow efficiency evaluation index for requirement development.

Based on the existing theories on Knowledge cities, the authors take a dynamic point of view of the interrelationship between knowledge and city — “the city fosters knowledge which in turn promotes the city”. These two effects are complementary to each other, and by exploring the details of these two effects we can have a clear understanding of how to build knowledge cities and how it functions. Besides, the paper examines the growth path of some outstanding knowledge cities in the world and many a good practices are demonstrated in the paper.

In E-business age, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has become a key factor in business success. Recent interest in relationship management and relationship marketing has led many firms to consider how to improve customer retention rates. In this paper, authors studied the characteristics of CRM system based on the environment of E-business, and supplied the solution of CRM system in E-business environment, and discussed the implementation of CRM under E-business environment. We hope this paper will be an exploratory study and designed to provide reference for the theory community and the business community.

In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of the proliferation of tacit knowledge and tacit knowledge diffusion process is built based on the diffusion process of tacit knowledge epidemic model. It concerts the analysis of the time line of the proliferation of tacit knowledge, as well as enterprises (groups) between the information transmission and the proliferation of tacit knowledge the time path of the inner links. With the multi-source information epidemic model of a simple form of heterogeneity of expansion, the paper has raised the probability of the proliferation of tacit knowledge epidemic model as a theoretical model in the expansion of individual choice.

Based on the analysis of the status quo of China's entrepreneurship education, this paper is proposed the mode of entrepreneurship education in higher education institutions based on the existing resources. The mode of entrepreneurship education consists of the foundation system, run the system and evaluation system. Based on the description the modes, the entrepreneurship education goals and orientation, teaching staff, curriculum system, practice system, security system, evaluation system were analyzed. This paper aslo analyzed the characteristics of the model, pointed out the shortcomings and proposed remedies.

The development and utilization for our government information resource is lagging for the increase in information infrastructure and aggregate information demand in recent years. This paper proposes model-mechanism-performance incorporate, bidirectional, interactive and circular governance architecture and analyzes the key steps and influential factors in the process of cooperative development and sharing for government information resource. Our study indicates that, (1) in the aspect of model choose, the government should take into account of the characteristics of information resource, building organization, business process, and power structure; (2) in the aspect of mechanism design, the government should import incentive and monitoring mechanisms, market-oriented mechanisms, and pricing and compensation mechanisms; (3) in the aspect of performance evaluation, the government should import the third party performance evaluation mechanism based on capability maturity model, establish performance evaluation index system, and design comprehensive hierarchical and multistage performance evaluation system; (4) the direct and reversed influential relationship of the alignment degree of model, mechanism and performance are formed finally.

This paper analysis the mature E-business model — the concentration of information exchanged E-business model and integrated supply chain E-business model, and emerging P2PEB model. The author comparatively studied the cost of the concentration of information exchanged E-business model and P2PEB model by introducing the theory and method of economics. The result demonstrates the feasibility and the necessity of P2PEB, and bring people new theoretical basis for the development of P2PEB.

With the development of network and communications, the scope of E-learning has been developed continuously in order to meet the people's needs of learning. E-learning quality become a focus to the public. this paper presents a quality monitoring evaluating platform based on Quality Monitoring Model to enhance the E-learning quality.

With the development of 3G, the trend of tri-networks integration and the diversification of customers' needs, the traditional linear value chain business model cannot meet the needs of users any more. So to rethink of business models of mobile commerce becomes a necessity. This paper firstly states the relevant concepts and then analyzes the business model based on value chain as well as its disadvantages. Finally, this article constructs a customer-centric business model of m-commerce based on value nets, which integrates the main advantages of each entity well. This model breaks the liner thinking and makes the entities on the original value chain interact dynamically in accordance with the principles of best value.

Great achievements have been made since the development of information construction of urban community-based service in China. However, the unified network platform of community service has not appeared which can effectively integrate all the information of government, enterprise, nonprofit organization and resident. It remains a challenge to build up a future oriented information system of community service. Based on the driving force analysis, this paper attempts to design the structure and operation mode of information system of community service tentatively, and describe the concrete construction content in detail.

The competency model is a hot topic on today's global human resource development, which provides the integration of all human resource functions and services in enterprises with a method and a tool. In this paper, job analysis, behavioral events interviews are used for the collection of first-hand information. According to the interviews and surveys, and based on statistical methods, the competency of the securities investment fund managers is summed up and analyzed, and the competency model is then built. It is concluded that the competency model for securities investment fund managers is made up of two parts, recessive competency and dominant competency. This model can be effective to provide information for fund manager's selection, training and assessment.

With the speedy network technology development and increasingly fierce market competition, it is hard for an enterprise to accommodate with market requirement on its own. Virtual enterprise is a new organizational form flourished in network economy age. After analyzing the influence of network on core competence, this paper puts forward strategies on the construction of core competence in virtual enterprises.

Accounting information and financial statement provided by it constitute an important reference and analysis basis of market economy decision, while the betimes and integrity are important technical standards of accounting information quality. In the new application environment, with the progress of management technology and development of computer technology, enterprise demands for the new information, namely, the expanded accounting information integration requirement which spans the organizational boundary. Based on the requirement for the accounting information with integrity and betimes of the enterprise, this paper mostly analyzes the implementation and feasibility of the integration on accounting information system, and discusses the preliminary design of integration scheme, based on this, we hope to expand the boundary of accounting information, eliminate the situation of information island, what is more, we hope to greatly exploit and develop the value of enterprise information systems.

Project-based learning (PBL) is to set learning in meaningful and complex project context, in which students solve actual problem or complete real project in cooperative groups, which play an important role in promotion student's problem-solving ability and the development of autonomous learning. This paper has discussed the advantage of PBL, the construct of the PBL model and its organization, and summarized certain key change in teaching practice, which may offer a reference for college course teaching.

Much of our prior knowledge of information systems (IS) usage is based on its acceptance or continuance without understanding whether users are likely to use the IS or not. Prior models of IS usage provide a limited understanding of one's intention to use the IS, given that IS usage or continuance does not necessarily suggest the subsequent use of the IS. Even if people use particular IS, there is no guarantee that the users always use the IS. This study proposes an IS usage intention model based on the information asymmetry theory to compliment previous studies that mostly focus on IS usage or continuance without considering the possibility of its use. For IS usage research, this paper proposes one of the earliest usage models of IS. For practitioners, this study provides some guidelines for IS manufacturers on how to derive the most return on their system development efforts with a successfully high usage rate in the market for their newly usage systems.

Aimed for information islands, poor reuse of function, integration problem of new and old system of traditional workflow systems, this paper proposes a method of integration of Workflow and Services based on SOA, it package business into web service, thereby, business and process is divided from system, it is helpful to improve the reuse rate of business components. For example, in estate manage system, by five aspects, cutting points of personnel, processes, information, connectivity and reuse, to analyze the method that the services cut into the system. It implements integration of systems on distributed environment, it makes business process become flexible.

One of the objectives of College English Teaching and Learning Reform is to develop students' individualized and autonomous learning. As an integrated part of College English Teaching and Learning Reforms, a new computer-based teaching model should be established. So, to develop learner autonomy under CALL environment, teachers should reconsider their responsibilities and adjust their roles to guiding the learners to take responsibilities of their own learning. This paper conducts an investigation on college English teachers' attitude and actual practice in fostering learners' autonomy under CALL environment.

The aim of the paper is to analyse the role of trust in building sustainable small business enterprise. This aspect of social capital needs to be recognised as a key resource of enterprise and development of the small business. Various aspects of trust are discussed in the context of business start-up, growth and development.

The paper analyzes some factors of influencing work engagement, combining the reality of S corporation in the initial stage, and principally discusses the experience and practice of “double-ring case” in order to improving work engagement.

Knowledge has been regarded as one key factor that enterprises should own, if they want to survive and maintain the core competencies in the Knowledge Economy Age. In order to obtain, use and create much more knowledge, enterprises have started to introduce the Industry-University-Research Institutes Cooperation (IURC), and it has become the significant method to accept knowledge and achieve innovation. Whether the knowledge can transfer effectively is the crucial problem in the process of IURC. However, the stickiness of knowledge hinders the knowledge transfer and affects the performance of cooperation ultimately. This paper mainly analyzes the causes of sticky knowledge based on noise theory, and proposes advices to decrease the stickiness of knowledge on technological and institutional level in the end.

How to share knowledge within the team to increase team effectiveness has become a focus in theory and business circles. Basing on the literature review, this paper starts with personal factors that affect knowledge sharing within the team, and uses questionnaires, interviews, other research methods and SPSS analysis to make a systematic analysis of individual factors that affect knowledge sharing. The results show that: knowledge sharing has a significant positive correlation with knowledge stock, sharing motivation and sharing ability at level of 1%, 5%, and 10% respectively.

User acceptance is one of the key fundamentals for development and success of virtual fitting room. This paper integrates the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT) model and perceived risk into a comprehensive model of online virtual fitting room adoption. To empirically test the model a survey is administered to 226 online virtual fitting room users. Structural equation modeling(SEM) is used to evaluate relationships between these concepts and intention to use. Results indicate performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and perceived risk all have a significant impact on online virtual fitting room intention. Security concerns and privacy concerns were shown to significantly influence perceived risk. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

This paper proposes a hypothetical model of the relationship among transformational leadership, team learning ability and team innovation. The model is testified based on the data collected from 51 research teams in 25 universities. The results of the analysis show that transformational leadership has significant positive impact on team learning ability and team innovation, besides team learning ability is partially mediated between transformational leadership and team innovation.

Based on attribution theory and organization theory, leadership theory, contingency theory. This paper establishes a theoretical research model from individuals and organizations angles. Analyzed the impact of CIO capacity, organizational institution factors on IS performance, and use the mainstream of international methods of analysis PLS (partial least squares) on the model of the empirical analysis. The results show that: the impact on the IS performance of CIO capability is greater than organizational institutions factors. In the CIO capability, Business capability has the greatest impact on the IS performance; in the organizational institutional factors, the organization authorized has the greatest impact on the IS performance.

With the rapid development of social economy, enterprise alliance becomes a new trend in the development of enterprises. Knowledge sharing pattern in enterprise alliance directly determines alliance's integrated characteristics. Usually, there may appear uncertainty in the knowledge sharing of enterprise alliance. This paper analysis the sources of uncertainty, and classified the uncertainty as concrete types according to the degree of knowledge sharing, and analysis the algorithm of evaluating uncertainty later. Finally, it gave some measures to eliminate the uncertainty of knowledge sharing in enterprise alliance.

By real-time evaluation, This paper found the overall municipal government of Heilongjiang Province, whose e-government websites development level is low. It exists the following questions: Website localization is not reasonable; Website content is not practical; and Online interaction and online affairs service function is poor. By analyzing, we suggest that e-government websites should expand online service manner firstly, design clear convenient navigation service secondly, provide user-oriented services thirdly, and enhance the intensity of government information resource integration finally.

With the advent of the era of Knowledge-based Economy, especially the Internet technology as the representative of information technology keeps on having impact on the traditional human resource management, which demands the informational reform of traditional human resource management. It is a long-standing problem as to how to learn about, employ and cultivate personals and naturally as well as a hot concern of Information enterprises. Successful organizations everywhere have determined that it is critical to understand the competencies which are necessary in order to attain strategic objectives. On basis of the analysis of primary information technology enterprises, model design, using competency models to assess employment candidates and employees as well as other elements, this paper expounds and proposes the assumption of the models of human resources of information technology entrepreneurship in the hope of providing reference for setting up competency model for informatization enterprise.

This paper is based on the importance of knowledge management in small medium scale technology-based enterprises, sums up the characters of these enterprises, outlines the general framework for knowledge management system — both the architecture framework and technology framework. On this basis, combined with the specific application of Guojinghui, the author designs R&D knowledge management system in detail. Such kind of technology-based R&D enterprises can have a good reference to this knowledge management approach.